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1.
桂西南那坡盆地位于八布-Song Hien构造带,发育早-中三叠世岩浆岩和巨厚海相碎屑岩系,是研究华南地块南缘古特提斯造山过程的关键地区。本文对那坡盆地中三叠统河口组中-上部的两套沉凝灰岩开展了详细的岩石学、地球化学和锆石U-Pb-Hf同位素分析研究。两件沉凝灰岩样品LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果分别为240.6±1.0Ma和236.3±0.8Ma,指示河口组碎屑岩沉积时代为中三叠世拉丁期,部分为晚三叠世卡尼期早期。全岩地球化学结果显示,该沉凝灰岩属于亚碱性英安质,富集轻稀土(LREEs)和大离子亲石元素(LILEs)、Rb、Th和U,亏损高场强元素(HFSEs),具有显著的Nb、Ta和Ti负异常。沉凝灰岩锆石具有较低的ε_(Hf)(t)值(-18.6~-6.3)和较老的地壳模式年龄(t_(DM)^(C)=1664~2434Ma),结合锆石微量元素特征认为其形成于俯冲环境。整体上,那坡盆地河口组沉凝灰岩表现出俯冲作用形成的岛弧火山岩地球化学特征,推断其来源于桂西南凭祥地区的中-晚三叠世酸性火山岩。结合已有区域地质调查成果,认为华南地块南缘八布-Cao Bang古特提斯分支洋盆于晚二叠世至晚三叠世早期向北俯冲,随后自西向东呈“剪刀”式逐渐闭合。华南地块与北越地块完全碰撞拼合的时间发生在晚三叠世中晚期。 相似文献
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右江盆地位于华南板块西南缘与印支板块的结合部位,于中三叠世沉积了一套以细碎屑岩为主的巨厚浊积岩。研究区中三叠统细碎屑岩的主量、微量和稀土元素分析表明,细碎屑岩以杂砂岩和岩屑砂岩为主,其源岩来自大陆上地壳,物源区岩石类型主要为长英质沉积岩和火成岩,岩石风化程度中等偏高,构造背景为大陆岛弧和活动大陆边缘。综合细碎屑岩稀土元素特征及前人对该区中三叠统古流向和碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学研究,认为中三叠统碎屑物来源复杂,云开地区、江南造山带和越北地块是主要的物源区。 相似文献
3.
南盘江盆地南缘发育大量早—中三叠世岩浆岩和巨厚三叠系,为研究沿中越边界一带是否发生洋盆俯冲消亡过程提供了重要的岩浆-沉积证据。选取中越边界地区出露面积最大的富宁—那坡地区早—中三叠世火山岩及相关沉积作为研究对象,通过系统的地质填图和剖面测量,查明这套火山-沉积组合具有下部玄武安山岩,上覆碳酸盐岩质砾岩、含砾粗砂岩和钙质砂岩的沉积序列,与岛弧环境火山-沉积序列相似。玄武安山岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年结果为247±1 Ma和246±3 Ma,与野外产于中三叠统碎屑岩之下的地质事实相符。结合前人研究成果,确定这套火山岩形成于早—中三叠世(247~242 M a)。全岩地球化学分析结果显示,玄武安山岩富集大离子亲石元素(LILEs,R b、T h和U)和轻稀土元素(LR EE),其具有明显的Nb、Ta和Ti负异常。火山-沉积序列和火山岩地球化学特征表明,富宁—那坡地区早—中三叠世火山-沉积组合形成于与俯冲相关的弧环境。中越边界地区早—中三叠世弧火山岩与蛇绿混杂岩带的时空展布特征表明,该地区晚古生代洋盆发生了向北的俯冲消减。 相似文献
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广西金牙金矿金的来源探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过桂西北中三叠世沉积盆地中有关碎屑物质来源的沉积环境分析和碎屑源区及沉积区金的地球化学场对比,研究了盆地沉积成岩过程中金的富集的贫化特征,认为金牙金矿区的金来源于中三叠统浊积岩沉积盆地。 相似文献
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贵州南部地区中三叠统青岩阶底界附近牙形石生物地层学研究 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：6
下中三叠统界线的划分一直是国际地层学研究中一个有争议的问题。中国西南地区从台地相到盆地相不同类型下中三叠统地层均较发育，为奥仑尼克阶一安尼阶界线层型的研究提供了有利条件。根据贵州望谟甘河桥剖面和贵州省贵阳市青岩剖面牙形石的研究，可识别出6个可与国内外进行对比的牙形石带，自下而上分别为：①Neospathdus cristagcdli间隔带，②Neospathodus pakistanensis间隔带，③Neospathodus waageni?BC涓舸躈eospathodus homeri-N. triangularis组合带，⑤Chiosella timorensis间隔带，⑥Neogongdolella regale延限带。在贵阳青岩剖面和望谟甘河桥剖面，早中三叠世存在一个Neospathodus-Chiosella-Neogongdolella的牙形石演化系列。在这个演化序列中，在Neospathodus horneri-N. triangularis带上部出现Neospathodus homeri和Chiosella timorensis之间的过渡类型Neospathodus qingyanensis，表明在下中三叠统附近牙形石存在较好的演化关系。在贵阳青岩剖面，下一中三叠统界线位于紫云组顶面之下1．5m处Chiosella timorensis带首现的位置，在望谟甘河桥剖面，下一中三叠统界线位于紫云组顶面之下0．5m处Chiosella timorensis带首现的位置。依据上述情况，本文建议贵阳青岩剖面作为下一中三叠统界线层型候选剖面，望谟甘河桥剖面作为下一中三叠统界线层型的辅助剖面加以深入研究。 相似文献
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印支造山带对华南地质演化具有重要影响,南盘江盆地作为华南与印支造山带相关的最大的盆地,其构造演化过程备受关注,然而对于盆地由伸展到挤压的构造转换时限还存在争议。西林县位于南盘江盆地的中部,古生界和中-下三叠统出露良好,是进行沉积大地构造学研究的理想地区。为进一步明确南盘江盆地的构造演化过程,本文选取南盘江盆地中部西林县一带中-下三叠统进行了详细的沉积相分布和演化、古水流以及碎屑组成分析。结果表明,空间上,下三叠统自下而上自北向南依次出露:(1)泥岩、泥灰岩、砂屑灰岩和凝灰岩构成的潮坪-泻湖相沉积;(2)砾岩、含砾砂岩、细砂岩和粉砂岩构成的块体搬运沉积(MTD,Mass-transport deposit)与浊积扇相沉积互层;(3)中粗砂岩、粉砂岩、泥岩组成的浊积扇相沉积,构成向上水体急剧加深的沉积序列。中三叠统为一套浊积扇相沉积,由粗砂岩、细砂岩、粉砂岩和泥岩组成。古水流和碎屑组成分析结果显示,西林县一带下三叠统碎屑物主要来自北侧西林-隆林一带的碳酸盐岩台地,而中三叠统碎屑除来自北侧相邻碳酸盐岩台地外,还可能来自江南造山带、康滇古陆、云开地块和峨眉山玄武岩。沉积相的垂向变化记录了西林一带由古生代孤立碳酸盐岩台地向三叠纪半深海浊积岩盆地的演化过程,而早三叠世MTD是盆地张开过程中的直接沉积记录,以上地质事实暗示了南盘江盆地在早三叠世受控于区域伸展体制,西林一带的古生代孤立碳酸盐岩台地则是伸展过程中形成的断隆。盆地内的基性岩墙侵位(258~248Ma)以及西林一带早三叠世晶屑沉凝灰岩的锆石U-Pb年代学分析结果(249.4±1.2Ma)表明南盘江盆地在晚二叠世至早三叠世处于伸展构造背景之下,中三叠统为半深海浊积岩沉积则表明这一伸展过程至少持续至中三叠世。由于在时间上和空间上,南盘江盆地的张开都与古特提斯分支洋盆的俯冲消减有关,因而我们认为南盘江盆地也是晚二叠世到中三叠世古特提斯洋岩石圈俯冲体系的一部分。由于南盘江盆地及其邻近区缺失上三叠统沉积,这可能说明古特提斯洋俯冲结束于中三叠世。 相似文献
7.
贵州紫云石头寨晚二叠世—中三叠世牙形石动物群及生态意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文所研究的贵州紫云石头寨上二叠统长兴组—中三叠统新苑组牙形石,共计5属14种,其中Hindeodus julfensis在华南系首次发现。文中对下三叠统罗楼组上部—中三叠统新苑组下部共建立了3个牙形石带,它们是Neospathodus timorensis带、Neogondolella regale带和N.constricta带。其中N.regale在华南属首次报导。此外就N.timorensis带的时代归属作了讨论,认为该带应属早三叠世晚期。而N.regale带为安尼阶最下部的牙形石带。文中还对牙形石的生态作了初步探讨。 相似文献
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采用沉降分析的"反剥法",建立了三叠纪右江盆地的构造沉降曲线.该曲线具有4个较清楚的代表沉降加速的坡折,这说明在三叠纪华南板块南缘上曾发生过4次明显的构造负荷的叠加过程,这些坡折之间的构造沉降曲线较平缓,说明主要是热沉降造成.通过对盆地沉降史的定量分析和沉积特征研究,认为华南板块南缘在晚二叠世末期开始由离散边缘转为汇聚边缘,右江盆地也随之从裂谷盆地转为前陆盆地.前陆盆地的构造-沉积演化分为三个阶段(1)早期阶段(晚二叠世长兴末期-中三叠世安尼初期,即251～239 Ma)为初始沉降和非补偿充填阶段;中期阶段(中三叠世安尼早期-晚三叠世卡尼早期,即239～225.5 Ma)主要以浊流沉积充填为特征,并伴有盆缘隆起的形成,且从早到晚盆地沉降中心自南向北推进,而盆缘隆起则由北往南位移;晚期阶段(晚三叠世卡尼晚期-瑞替期,即225.5～210 Ma)盆地由深变浅,并最终被陆相磨拉石沉积覆盖. 相似文献
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贵州青岩地区下-中三叠统发育齐全,化石丰富,尤其是中三叠世"青岩动物群",具有生物辐射性质.为了研究二叠纪末生物大灭绝事件后的生物复苏及辐射过程,对该区下、中三叠统剖面进行了实测,并从沉积学、古生物学上进行了系统研究.识别出5个牙形石带:Neospathodus dieneri带、Neospathodus waageni带、Neospathodus pingdings hanensis带、Neos-pathodus homeri带、Chiosella timorensis带,建立2个有孔虫组合和6个双壳类组合.并根据牙形石化石初步确定出印度阶与奥伦尼克阶及奥伦尼克阶与安尼阶的界线.多门类化石的分布和生态组合结构表明,大灭绝后的复苏-辐射第一幕发生于安尼期早期,安尼期中期雷打坡页岩段的化石组合具有典型辐射后期的生态繁荣景象.古环境研究表明,本区从三叠纪初到中三叠世安尼期沉积水体总体上震荡式变浅,表现为盆地-陆棚-台缘斜坡-台地-盆地-台缘斜坡-陆棚的演变过程. 相似文献
10.
越南东北部早中生代构造事件的年代学约束 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
越南东北部-海南岛-粤西南构造带整体上呈NW-SE走向展布于华南板块的南缘,是理解华南构造演化的关键地区.作为印支运动代表性地区的越南东北部地区Song Chay构造带上,下古生界浅变质沉积岩、上古生界至早-中三叠世未变质的沉积盖层中都发育向北东逆冲推覆,韧性变形域表现为NE-SW向的矿物拉伸线理和上部指NE的剪切变形,而脆性变形域则记录了大量NE极性的褶皱和冲断构造.两广交界的云开地体和海南岛地区存在着相同样式的构造变形.关于这期变形的时间,本文通过对野外地层以及所出露不同时期岩体变形特征的综合研究,并结合高质量的锆石U-Pb年代学数据,在越南的东北部厘定为237 ～ 228Ma.这期广泛分布于华南板块南缘构造事件的动力学机制同Day Nui Con Voi(大象山)微陆块与华南板块在早中生代的构造拼合事件相关.本文认为华南板块在早三叠世开始沿着越南东北部的Song Chay缝合带俯冲拼合于Day Nui Con Voi微陆块之下,因此在早-中三叠世时期,在作为俯冲盘的华南板块南缘发育一系列的褶皱和逆冲推覆构造,晚三叠世印支造山作用结束.因此,华南板块南缘的越南东北部-海南岛-粤西南构造带被一同卷入早-中三叠世同印支板块的碰撞造山体系之中. 相似文献
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新疆维吾尔自治区阿图什市木吉地区邻近帕米尔,是印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞挤压应力最集中的地区,地层变质和变形强烈,研究基础薄弱。木吉群由变质砂岩、板岩、千枚岩、石英岩、钙质石英岩、变粒岩、二云石英片岩、大理岩等组成,一直未发现任何化石。最近,笔者在木吉乡的喀拉足克沟和阿拉木陶沟的粉砂岩、钙质粉砂岩中发现了一些植物管胞片和孢粉化石:Gran-ulatisporites sp.,Cycloranisporites sp.,Verrucosisporites sp.,Pityosporites sp.,Punetatosporites sp.,Leiotriletes sp.,Apicu-latisporites sp.,Platysaccus sp.,Cycodopites sp.等。从地层接触关系和孢粉化石的整体面貌看,木吉地区含上述孢粉化石的木吉群的时代可能为泥盆纪—石炭纪。 相似文献
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Over the past decade researchers working on the rocks of the Beaufort Group in the main Karoo Basin of South Africa have vastly increased our understanding of this important Permo-Triassic sequence. Many new fossil forms have been discovered, allowing for breakthroughs into the biodiversity, biogeography and biostratigraphy of the group. Taxonomic and phylogenetic advances are many and varied, and cover most of the vertebrate taxa, but with emphasis placed on the temnospondyl amphibians, archosauriforms and non-mammalian synapsids, in particular the anomodontia. Biostratigraphic breakthroughs have centered on the Middle Permian Eodicynodon and Tapinocephalus assemblage zones, the Late Permian Dicynodon Assemblage Zone, and the Triassic Lystrosaurus and Cynognathus assemblage zones. Correlation of these biozones with better dated sequences in Europe, Russia and China has allowed for many chronostratigraphic refinements, which are in turn vital for sequence stratigraphical analysis of the basin fill. Based on fossil data, both the lower (Ecca–Beaufort) and upper (Beaufort–Molteno) contacts of the group have been proved to be highly diachronous. The refined chronostratigraphic framework has also allowed for a better analysis of the basin evolution through time, particularly in terms of the correlation of external stimuli that affect basin sedimentation patterns. 相似文献
14.
藏北羌塘丁固—加措地区康托组的时代 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
自西藏区域地质调查大队创建康托组以来,康托组岩石地层单位广泛应用于羌塘地区,普遍认为其时代为新近纪.笔者于丁固-加措地区的康托组地层中采获古近纪轮藻化石Obtusocharat sp.,O.lanpingenis,Gyrogona qinajiangica和部分孢粉化石,并在康托组底部安山岩中获K-Ar年龄65.1～66.5Ma.上述轮藻组合与同位素年龄指示的地层时代为古新世-始新世,据此将测区康托组的时代确定为古近纪.由于测区康托组之上被唢纳湖组或鱼鳞山组角度不整合覆盖,因此康托组时代的确定不仅进一步完善了测区新生代地层系统,还指示测区在康托组与唢纳湖组或鱼鳞山组之间发生了一次强烈的构造运动. 相似文献
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A. A. Ariskin Yu. A. Kostitsyn E. G. Konnikov L. V. Danyushevsky S. Meffre G. S. Nikolaev A. McNeill E. V. Kislov D. A. Orsoev 《Geochemistry International》2013,51(11):859-875
The paper reports newly obtained data on the geochronology of the Dovyren intrusive complex and associated metarhyolites of the Inyaptuk Formation in the Synnyr Range. The data were obtained by local LA-ICPMS analysis of zircons in samples. The U-Pb age of olivine-free gabbronorite from near the roof of the Yoko-Dovyren Massif is 730 ± 6 Ma (MSWD = 1.7, n = 33, three samples) is close to the estimated age of 731 ± 4 Ma (MSWD = 1.3, n = 56, five samples) of a 200-m-thick sill beneath the pluton. These data overlap the age of recrystallized hornfels found within the massif (“charnockitoid”, 723 ± 7 Ma, MSWD = 0.12, n = 10) and a dike of sulfidated gabbronorite below the bottom of the massif (725 ± 8 Ma, MSWD = 2.0, n = 15). The estimates are also consistent with the age of albite hornfels (721 ± 6 Ma, MSWD = 0.78, n = 12), which was produced in a low-temperature contact metamorphic facies of the host rocks. The average age of the Dovyren Complex is 728.4 ± 3.4 Ma (MSWD = 1.8, n = 99) based on data on the sill, near-roof gabbronorite, and “charnockitoid”) and is roughly 55 Ma older than the estimate of 673 ± 22 Ma (Sm-Nd; [13]). The U-Pb system of zircon in two quartz metaporphyre samples from the bottom portion of the Inyaptuk volcanic formation in the northeastern part of the Yoko-Dovyren Massif turns out to be disturbed. The scatter of the data points can be explained by the effect of two discrete events. The age of the first zircon population is then 729 ± 14 Ma (MSWD = 0.74, n = 8), and that of the second population is 667 ± 14 Ma (MSWD = 1.9, n = 13). The older value pertains to intrusive rocks of Dovyren, and the age of the “rejuvenated” zircon grains corresponds to the hydrothermal-metasomatic processes, which affected the whole volcano-plutonic sequence and involved the serpentinization of the hyperbasites. This is validated by the results of Rb-Sr isotopic studies with the partial acid leaching of two serpentinized peridotite samples from the Verblyud Sill. These studies date the overprinted processes at 659 ± 5 Ma (MSWD = 1.3, n = 3). 相似文献
16.
西藏阿里札达盆地上新统中犀类化石的发现及意义 总被引：9，自引：10，他引：9
首次在西藏阿里札达盆地上新世河湖相沉积地层中发现了犀类化石，对其基本特征进行了描述，初步鉴定为犀类额鼻角犀亚科第三庶骨化石，在同一层位中还采集了大量孢粉、微体古生物和植物化石。结合区域地质特征和产出犀类化石地层的沉积学特征等的分析，认为札达盆地上新世时代表着温暖湿润向寒冷潮湿-温和干旱的气候变化过程。这一发现有助于进一步认识青藏高原新近纪上新世的生物演化、气候变化和构造活动，为研究青藏高原新近纪以来的生物进化、湖泊与河流演化、气候变化．古地理与古环境变迁，以及新生代地层的划分对比等提供了新资料。 相似文献
17.
Study of the cross-stratification and other sedimentary structures in the Lower Greensand of the Weald, England, and Bas-Boulonnais, France, indicates that the sediments were deposited by the lateral migration of sand waves in a neritic sea. Comparison of the Lower Greensand sea with the modern North Sea was attempted. If those sediments were deposited as a result of tidal current similar to the present-day North Sea then the Lower Greensand shoreline could be deduced as running northwest-southeast, indication that the western part of the London Platform was submerged. 相似文献
18.
水淹坝岩溶内涝是安顺市西秀区发育最大范围的岩溶内涝,严重制约了当地经济发展。本文以岩溶地下水系统为单元,通过开展1:10000水文地质调查、地球物理勘探、水文地质钻探等手段,查明内涝所在区的岩溶发育特征、水文地质条件。在此基础上分析得出,水力坡度小、岩层倾角缓造成地下河管道淤塞;人类工程活动使有水落水洞口堵塞,加之广阔的集雨面积和连续的强降雨是造成水淹坝岩溶内涝的主要原因。通过对水淹坝内涝成因分析,为岩溶内涝灾害综合整治提供参考依据。 相似文献
19.
The Qinghai–Tibet plateau is a composite continental fragment formed by collision of multiple terranes and island arcs.The Lhasa terrane,which is located in the central part of the plateau,is bounded by the Yarlung–Zangbo suture to the south and Bangong-Nujiang suture to the north.An E–W–trending belt of(ultra)-high pressure eclogite was discovered in the Sumdo region of the Lhasa terrane.Careful field studies combined with petrological,geochemical and isotopic analyses show that the Sumdo eclogites mark a Carboniferous–Permian suture zone,at least 100 km long,containing ophiolite fragments,eclogites and Indosinian post–orogenic granitoids.This suture divides the Lhasa block into a northern and southern segment.Sumdo eclogite occurs about 200 km east of Lhasa city,and extends over 100km in an E–W direction.Sumdo eclogites were accompanied by garnet amphibolite and plagioclaseamphiboliteformedbyretrograde metamorphism of the eclogites.The eclogites were derived from oceanic basalts.LA–ICPMS U–Pb dating of zircon from the Sumdo eclogites indicates a Permian metamorphic age(260–270 Ma)and a Carboniferous protolith age of 303±4.8 MaThe ophiolite fragments in the Sumdo suture zone are composed of the ultramafic rocks,MORB–type basalt,OIB–type basalt and island arc basaltic andesite,some of which are intruded by post-collisional granites.The ultramafic body,a typical tectonic block in the suture zone,is completely serpentinized.Its geochemical features suggest that it is composed of harzburgite,typical of depleted mantle peridotite.The MORB and OIB–type basalts crop out in the Chasagang Formation,and the basaltic andesite crops out in the Leilongku Formation,both of which make up the Sumdo Group.Zircons from the OIB–type basalt with typical magmatic characteristics yield an average U–Pb age of306(95%)Ma,suggesting formation in a Paleo–Tethyan basin in the Carboniferous.U–Pb dating of zircon from the basaltic andesites yielded a concordant age of 265±3.1Ma,similar to the metamorphic age(266–270 Ma)of the eclogites,suggesting formation during subduction of the oceanic crust.Indosinian granodiorite with an age of194±4.3 Ma crops out north of the Sumdo suture.These granodiorites are similar to the late Indochina granites in the Lhasa block,and most likely formed during continent-arc collision or during closure of the Paleo-Tethyan Ocean.A four–stage model for the evolution of the Sumdo Paleo–Tethyan suture is proposed:1)From the Ordovician to the Devonian Gondwanaland was part of an epicontinental sea;2)In the Carboniferous,continental rifting produced a local basin,which then evolved into a Paleo-Tethyan ocean basin,dividing the Lhasa block into two segments;3)From the Permian to the early Triassic,Paleo-Tethyan oceanic crust was subducted northward and;4)In the middle Triassic and early Jurassic,the two fragments collided to form the modern Lhasa block. 相似文献
20.
Pressure Increases, the Formation of Chromite Seams, and the Development of the Ultramafic Series in the Stillwater Complex, Montana 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
This paper explores the hypothesis that chromite seams in theStillwater Complex formed in response to periodic increasesin total pressure in the chamber. Total pressure increased becauseof the positive V of nucleation of CO2 bubbles in the melt andtheir subsequent rise through the magma chamber, during whichthe bubbles increased in volume by a factor of 4–6. Byanalogy with the pressure changes in the summit chambers ofKilauea and Krafla volcanoes, the maximum variation was 0•2–0•25kbar, or 5–10% of the total pressure in the Stillwaterchamber. An evaluation of the likelihood of fountaining andmixing of a new, primitive liquid that entered the chamber withthe somewhat more evolved liquid already in the chamber is basedupon calculations using observed and inferred velocities andflow rates of basaltic magmas moving through volcanic fissures.The calculations indicate that hot, dense magma would have oozed,rather than fountained into the chamber, and early mixing ofthe new and residual magmas that could have resulted in chromitecrystallizing alone did not take place. Mixing was an important process in the Stillwater magma chamber,however. After the new magma in the chamber underwent {smalltilde}5% fractional crystallization, its composition, temperature,and density approached those of the overlying liquid in thechamber and the liquids then mixed. If this process occurredmany times over the course of the development of the Ultramaficseries, a thick column of magma with orthopyroxene on its liquiduswould have been the result. Thus, the sequence of multiple injections,fractionation, and mixing with previously fractionated magmacould have been the mechanism that produced the thick bronzitecumulate layer (the Bronzitite zone) above the cyclic units. 相似文献