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珠江三角洲污灌区地下水重金属含量及其相互关系 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
为了解污灌区地下水重金属含量特征,采集地表水样5组、地下水样14组进行化学组分定量分析。结果表明：污灌区地下水8种重金属元素中,仅有Ni和As两种元素超标,超标率分别为14.3％和42.9％。8种重金属含量在污灌区地表水、工厂废水以及地下水中存在明显的对应关系。Ni、Zn、Se、Cd这4种元素间存在显著或极显著的正相关关系,Cu与Pb和Cd分别呈极显著和显著的正相关关系,Cr仅与Ni呈显著的正相关关系,As与其它7种元素的相关性均不明显。聚类分析结果显示8种重金属可分为4类：Pb和Cu一类,Se、Cd、Ni、Zn一类,Cr和As均单独一类。Pb和Cu与Fe的相似性最好,Se、Cd、Ni、Zn与Mg2+存在较好的相似性,Cr与HCO－3的相似性最好,As与SO2－4存在一定的相似性。 相似文献
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近50年来抚仙湖重金属污染的沉积记录* 总被引：15，自引：8，他引：15
文章以抚仙湖污染严重的北部和基本未受人类活动影响的中部为研究对象,分别采集了沉积岩芯FB和FZ,通过对岩芯的137 Cs测年和重金属元素(Cu,Ni,Ti,Cr,V,Pb,Cd和Zn)的含量分析,研究了湖泊重金属来源和污染历史,并利用地质累积指数法评价了湖泊重金属污染程度。结果表明:抚仙湖北部的平均沉积速率约为2.0~2.8mm/a;20世纪80年代以前,湖泊北部和中部的重金属元素(Cu,Ni,Ti,V,Pb,Cd,Zn)以自然来源为主;80年代以后,抚仙湖受到人类活动的影响,但湖泊中部Cu,Ni,Ti,V,Pb,Zn以及湖泊北部Cu,Ni,Ti,V仍以自然来源为主;湖泊北部Pb和Zn地质累积指数值小于1,属无污染到中度污染;北部Cd地质累积指数为3~4,达强度污染;中部Cd地质累积指数为2~3,属中强度污染;且Pb,Zn和Cd污染程度有加速增大的趋势。 相似文献
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长期地下煤炭开采在地表产生了大面积的塌陷塘,并造成了不同程度的水域污染。为研究塌陷塘重金属的分布特征及成因,选择了8种对环境影响较大的重金属元素（Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu,Cr,Cd,Pb,Ni）为研究对象,以淮南潘集一矿塌陷塘为研究区域,利用ArcGIS地统计模块中的协同克里格算法,通过水体实测光谱反射率作为协变量来估算水体中的重金属含量空间分布特征。结果表明:水体实测光谱与重金属含量有较好的关系,以水体光谱为协变量的协同克里格插值与单变量的普通克里格插值相比,8种重金属元素的预测值与实际值之间的均方根误差明显减少,证明水体实测光谱适合作为协变量来估计水体重金属的空间分布情况。综合分析发现,水体中的Cd,Pb,Cu,Ni主要来自水域西北部的煤矸石堆山,且Cd,Cu,Pb含量均超过了当地的背景值,对环境影响较大;Cr主要来自农业肥料、成土母质和周边道路旁的煤泥灰厂及煤矸石堆;Zn的来源主要是煤矸石、上游生活污水、农业肥料、土壤母质,由于其含量较低,对水环境质量的影响不大。 相似文献
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广西红水河中下游马山地区地下水重金属含量及分布特征 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
为了解红水河中下游马山地区地下水重金属含量及分布特征,以西南岩溶地下水污染调查评价中广西红水河中下游马山地区地下水数据为基础,对该地区27件样品的重金属含量特征、重金属间相关关系、重金属与其它化学组分的相关性以及地下水重金属分布特征进行了研究。结果表明:研究区地下水中重金属含量整体偏低,平均质量浓度顺序为Fe＞(Al)＞Zn＞Mn＞Pb＞Se＞As＞Cd,重金属平均质量浓度均小于中国生活饮用水标准值,且绝大部分重金属含量远远低于该标准值。Mn与Fe、As、Al存在显著或极显著的正相关关系,Zn与Pb、Cd存在明显的相关性,Se与其它７种重金属的相关性均不明显,可能是由于Se与其它重金属的来源差异较大所致。地下水的酸碱性对重金属的富集影响较小,但地下水中主化学成分HCO3-和Ca2+对重金属的富集有较大影响,TDS对绝大部分重金属的影响较小,对As和Cd具有一定的影响。地下水中Mn、Zn、As、Pb、Cd、Se、Al、Fe质量浓度在空间上表现出一定的地区分布特点,整体上重金属高浓度点主要集中在马山县城周围以及古寨、乔利街乡镇周围。 相似文献
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Ali Akbar Shahsavari Kamal Khodaei Rahele Hatefi Farhad Asadian Seyed Mohammad Zamanzadeh 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(6):2367-2375
Determination of total petroleum hydrocarbon distribution (TPH) in groundwater of Dezful aquifer was the main purpose of this study. The study area, which is located between latitudes 32°00′ and 32°35′?N and longitudes 48°10′ and 49°35′?E, covers about 1,920 km2 in the north of Khuzestan Province, Iran. Hydrocarbon pollutants in the area were being released into the aquifer, from a variety of sources. An oil pipe crash accident, which occurred on 19 Feb. 2009 in the vicinity of the northern part of the study area, released about 6,000 barrels of crude oil to the Karkhe River. Other possible sources of TPH in the region are asphalt factories, gas stations, and the Sabzab oil pump station. Since the main source of drinking water in the Dezful area is groundwater reservoirs, this study would be very crucial, especially when there is considerable agricultural activity in the area as well. In order to determine the presence of TPH and heavy metals in the groundwater, samples were taken from wells with different usage within two periods, i.e., in Nov. 2008 and May 2009. The second sampling operation was carried out to determine the effect of the accident in the water resources. In situ groundwater parameter measurements including pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, and electrical conductivity were also carried out in the field. Based on the results, there are four zones in the study area which were contaminated with TPH from different origins: (1) southeast of Dezful City, which was contaminated by Shokati gas station; (2) southeast of Shush City, which was contaminated by an asphalt factory; (3) southwest of Dezful City, which was contaminated by Sabzab oil pump station; and (4) the shores of Karkhe River which were contaminated due to the pipeline crash accident. This could be a serious threat to the environment and human health because TPH concentration was higher than the EPA standard in the study area. Heavy metals were not distributed in a uniform pattern in the aquifer. The concentrations were lower than the contamination level based on the EPA drinking standard, and there was no meaningful relation between concentrations of TPH and the heavy metals. It was recommended that a monitoring network should be designed to monitor oil contaminants in the ground and surface water monthly because of importance of the water resources and presence of potential oil contaminant sources. 相似文献
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鄱阳湖平原作为长江中下游平原的重要组成部分,随着城镇化进程的快速推进,由于工矿业污染物、农村生活污水和农业生产废水向地下水的过量排放,农村地下水污染程度和范围不断扩大,为了解鄱阳湖平原地下水重金属污染状况,本研究在大量的水文地质调查和水化学样品测试基础上,分析该区地下水中重金属Cu、As、Cr、Hg、Pb、Cd含量特征,利用美国环境保护署(USEPA)的健康风险评价模型对鄱阳湖平原地下水重金属进行健康风险评价。研究区171个地下水样品中Cd、Cu、Hg、As、Pb、Cr等6种重金属元素含量变化幅度大,其中Hg、Cd和As平均值超过《地下水环境质量标准》(GB/T14848—2017)Ⅲ类标准,结果表明鄱阳湖平原地下水水质受人为影响大,局部地下水存在严重的污染。致癌物健康风险评价结果显示,Cr、As和Cd的平均个人年健康风险值均大于可接受风险值,Cr的健康风险值最大,是主要的致癌因子,As次之,Cd最低;非致癌物质健康风险结果显示,Hg、Pb和Cu的健康风险水平表现为Hg>Pb>Cu,属于可忽略风险。区域饮水途径上的健康风险主要来自致癌物质,总体上男性健康风险大于女性的健康风险。鄱阳湖平原地下水水质污染状况研究及治理监管工作提供理论依据,为其他区域地下水重金属的监测和质量控制提供参考和借鉴。 相似文献
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1 IntroductionCorals are an important proxy for reconstructingpaleo-environment and revealing global changes in thepast. Variations of heavy metals in the growth bands ofcorals can provide important information about the oce-anic environment.Bastidas and … 相似文献
9.
Abdallah S. Al-Hobaib K Q. Al-Jaseem Hassan M. Baioumy Ahmed H Ahmed 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2011,5(5):985-997
Environmental impact of the mining activities in the Mahd Adh Dahab gold mine was examined through detailed chemical analyses of a number of samples represent the gold-bearing rocks, soils, dust, and plants from inside and outside the mine area and within the Mahd City as well as the surrounding areas. The obtained data were compared with the standard values of heavy metals concentrations in order to evaluate the pollution levels of these activities on the different systems around the mine area. The data of rock samples shows relatively high concentrations of Cu (up to 11.9%), Pb (up to 4.1%), and Zn (up to 14.2%), which attributed to the outcropping of the sulfide-bearing veins on the surface of the mine area. Soil samples inside the mine area show high concentrations of Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb, and As compared to those from outside the mine indicating pollution impact of the mine activities on soils from inside the mine with these elements. Dust samples collected from inside the mine have considerably high concentrations of Cd, Zn, and Pb compared to those from outside the mine. Values of heavy metals in the collected dust from outside the mine are comparable with those from many big cities including Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia, indicating contaminations with heavy metals to the dust from inside the mine at Mahd Adh Dahab City. Heavy metals concentrations in the stems and leaves samples of the various types of plants inside and outside Mahd Adh Dahab gold mine area show that they have relatively higher concentrations of Cu and Zn compared to other metals. Stem samples show relatively higher concentrations of Zn, Cu, Cr, and V compared to the leaves samples. Although values of most heavy metals in the plants, both stems and leaves, are comparable with those of the typical levels of heavy metals in plants, Co and Cr show relatively higher concentrations suggesting a pollution impact of the mine activities in plants with Co and Cr. As a conclusion, results indicated that the contamination effect of Mahd Adh Dahab gold mine activities are clear in soils and dusts inside the mine area with some metals such Zn, Cu, Cd, and Pb due to their relatively enrichment in mineralization. Therefore, careful treatments of the waste dump materials inside the mine area are recommended to protect soils and air contaminations and to prevent the extension of pollution outside the mine in the future. 相似文献
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某矿区土壤重金属分布特征及来源解析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探究赣南某矿区土壤重金属污染状况及来源,以该矿区内40个土壤样品为研究对象,分析了土壤中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Ni、Cd、As和Hg等8种重金属元素的含量,并采用频率直方图、相关性分析、主成分分析等多种统计方法探究了土壤重金属含量的分布特征及来源。研究结果表明:(1)研究区8种重金属中有7种不同程度地超过了江西省土壤重金属元素背景值;(2)Pb、Zn、As和Hg的含量接近正态分布,而Cu、Cr、Ni和Cd的含量则呈现出右偏分布的趋势,这可能与研究区矿山开采活动及土地利用类型等因素有关;(3)矿区土壤重金属相关性分析表明,Cu、Cr、Ni的同源性较高,可能具有相同的污染源,而Pb、Zn、Cd等元素与Cu、Cr、Ni相比,其来源可能存在一定的差异;(4)主成分分析结果显示,矿区内土壤中8种重金属元素含量可以由2个主成分来解释,所代表的实际意义按贡献率排序分别是成土母质和人为采矿活动;(5)矿区内土壤重金属污染物主要为Pb、Zn、Cd,人为采矿活动是这三种重金属污染的主要来源。 相似文献