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1.
区域地质填图表明，中央高地达拉德岩系中的Ｓ２组构是主要的组构，叠加在５９０Ｍａ的本维里赫（ＢｅｎＶｕｉｒｉｃｈ）花岗岩中的就是这一组构，而不是早先认为的Ｓ３组构。该花岗岩看来是紧随达拉德岩系的一次构造事件（Ｄ１）之后侵位的，因为在亲扫现的角岩中见有细小间隔的透入性组构，且其上附生有早于Ｄ２变质作用的接触变质堇青石和红柱石变斑晶（二者均已蚀变）。 相似文献
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鲁西台背斜东缘沙沟地区深熔型花岗岩质量平衡分析表明：（１）以体积守恒为限制条件，深熔型二长花岗质片麻岩带入１．９０％～１．９２％的质量，微斜长石花岗岩带入４．４６％～４．５５％的质量，深熔型花岗岩类有Ｋ２Ｏ、ＳｉＯ２、Ｒｂ、Ｂａ的获得，ＴｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＦｅＯ、Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、ＭｎＯ、ＭｇＯ、ＣａＯ、Ｎａ２Ｏ、Ｐ２Ｏ５及Ｃｒ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｏ、Ｓｒ、Ｚｒ、Ｔａ、Ｎｄ则损失（残留）；（２）花岗岩类的质量等比线显示：母岩及深熔型花岗岩没有明显的质量损失；而英云闪长质（花岗闪长质）片麻岩—微斜长石花岗岩则有明显的质量带入、带出；微斜长石花岗岩有Ｋ２Ｏ、ＳｉＯ２、Ｒｂ、Ｎｄ、Ｔａ的明显获得，其余氧化物和微量元素则损失；（３）深熔型微斜长石花岗岩是熔体经过一定距离运移、聚集结晶而成，但基本未脱离深熔地体体系的半原地花岗岩，而二长花岗质片麻岩则是就地定位、基本没有运移的原地花岗岩。 相似文献
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大别山超高压带中变质花岗岩特征：（１） 岩石组合较单一,以二长花岗岩（ 原岩） 为主,缺乏中基性岩和正长岩类;（２） 具鳞片花岗变晶结构,片麻状构造,保留残存的岩浆岩组构;（３） 与榴辉岩及其它超高压变质岩石有明显侵入接触关系,并可见有其捕虏体;（４） 岩石化学表现为富硅、富碱、贫钙、贫镁等特征,一般地ＳｉＯ２ ＞ ７６ ％ ,（ Ｎａ２ Ｏ＋ Ｋ２ Ｏ） ＞ ８ ％ ,ＣａＯ＜ ０ ．５ ％ ,ＭｇＯ ＜ ０ ．４ ％ ;（５） 痕量元素表现为Ｚｒ 、Ｙ、Ｎｂ 、ＲＥＥ 含量高,Ｓｒ 、Ｓｃ 、Ｖ、Ｎｉ 等低;（６） 变质矿物组合为斜长石＋ 石英＋ 钾长石＋ 白云母＋ 石榴石＋ 绿帘石,属于低角闪岩相。（７） 锆石Ｕ － Ｐｂ 同位素年龄值为６８５ ±４１ Ｍａ 。大别山超高压变质带中变质花岗岩为Ａ 型花岗岩,更接近Ａ２ 亚类。变质Ａ 型花岗岩的确定,对进一步认识大别山的大地构造演化、榴辉岩等超高压变质带的形成、折返机制等提供了重要地质依据。 相似文献
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意大利Ｉｖｒｅａ区变辉长岩和角闪岩中２０条表面上相似的角闪岩相韧性剪切带内，斜长石的显微构造和化学分析表明，这些斜长石在Ａｎ和Ｂａ含量上有很大的差别。斜长石在ｐ－Ｔ低于岩中的条件时发生变形，并伴随出现４种不同的显微构造和不同的化学成分：（１）相对没有变形的碎斑；（２）碎斑边上的动力生结晶颗粒和亚颗粒；（３）横切碎斑的裂隙中的充填物；（４）剪切带基质中细粒重结晶颗粒。 相似文献
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陆下和洋底脊橄榄岩单斜辉石中的Na.Al^IV和Al^VI：地幔中不同熔融… 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
把从大西洋洋中脊采集的无斜长石的尖晶石二辉橄缆岩和方辉橄缆岩中的单斜辉石的Ｎａ－Ａｌ＾ＩＶ和Ａｌ＾ＶＩ浓度与陆下和前大洋的无斜长石的尖晶石橄榄岩的数据进行了比较。单斜辉石的Ａｌ２Ｏ３含量在洋底橄缆岩组和陆下橄缆岩组中的同一范围内发生变化，从高铝至贫铝。然而，洋底橄缆岩中单斜辉石的Ｎａ含量（０．０２￣０．６ｗｔ％Ｎａ２Ｏ）和Ａｌ＾ＶＩ／Ａｌ＾ＩＶ比值（０．３￣１）都低于陆下橄缆岩单斜辉石的Ｎａ含量（ 相似文献
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盆地中识别出三个不整合面,即Ｔｇ、Ｔ３和Ｔ０。其拉张史可分为两大阶段：（１）Ｔｇ→Ｔ３,拉张强度渐增期;（２）Ｔ３→现今,拉张强度渐弱期。保山盆地的演化阶段为：（１）盆地初始形成期（Ｔｇ→Ｔ５）;（２）盆地扩张定型期（Ｔ５→Ｔ１）;（３）盆地萎缩充填期（Ｔ１→现今）。 相似文献
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The Neoproterozoic Ribeira belt is subdivided in two domains with contrasting tectonic characteristics. The northern domain is dominated by shallowly dipping foliations and orogen-normal thrust tectonics. The southern domain is characterized by a 1000-km-long network of anastomosing transcurrent shear zones parallel to the belt. This contrast is interpreted as reflecting continent–continent convergence that is almost orthogonal to the margins in the northern domain and significantly oblique in the southern domain. The central, transitional, domain of the Ribeira belt displays the northern termination of the transcurrent shear zone network: the Além Paraíba–Pádua shear zone system (APPSS). The 250-km-long Além Paraíba–Pádua system involves granulites facies mylonites deformed through transpression.A detailed study of the microstructure and lattice preferred orientation (LPO) of the rock-forming minerals in these granulite mylonites allow a better understanding of deformation mechanisms active at high temperature in the crust. Plagioclase crystals are plastically deformed; they display curved twins and cleavages, mechanical twins, and evidence of dynamic recrystallization. LPO of plagioclase is consistent with activation of the (010) [100] and (010) [001] slip systems. LPO of orthopyroxene and amphibole indicates that these minerals have been deformed through dislocation creep with the activation of the (100) [001] slip system. Quartz in granulite mylonite displays evidence of extensive growth through grain boundary migration. The LPO of quartz is therefore the result of a static transformation of an initial, syn-kinematic LPO, and cannot be straightforwardly interpreted in terms of deformation mechanisms active during mylonitization. 相似文献
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Deformation microstructures of olivine in peridotite from Spitsbergen, Svalbard and implications for seismic anisotropy 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
To understand the deformation mechanism and seismic anisotropy in the uppermost mantle beneath Spitsbergen, Svalbard, in the Arctic, the deformation microstructures of olivine in the peridotite of Spitsbergen were studied. Seismic anisotropy in the upper mantle can be explained mainly by the lattice-preferred orientation (LPO) of olivine. The LPOs of the olivine in the peridotites were determined using electron backscattered diffraction patterns. Eight specimens out of 10 showed that the [100] axis of the olivine was aligned subparallel to the lineation and that the (010) plane was subparallel to the foliation, showing a type A LPO. In the other two specimens the [100] axis of olivine was aligned subparallel to the lineation and both the [010] and [001] axes were distributed in a girdle nearly perpendicular to the lineation, showing a type D LPO. The dislocation density of the olivine in the samples showing a type D LPO was higher than that in the samples showing a type A LPO. The result of an Fourier transformation infrared study showed that both the types A and D samples were dry. These observations were in good agreement with a previous experimental study ( Tectonophysics , 421 , 2006, 1 ): samples showing a type D LPO for olivine were observed at a high stress condition and samples showing both types A and D LPO were deformed under dry condition. Observations of both strong LPOs and dislocations of olivine indicate that the peridotites studied were deformed by dislocation creep. The seismic anisotropy calculated from the LPOs of the olivine could be used to explain the seismic anisotropy of P - and S -waves in the lithospheric mantle beneath Spitsbergen, Svalbard. 相似文献
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Dohyun Kim 《International Geology Review》2015,57(5-8):650-668
Chlorite peridotites from Almklovdalen in southwest Norway were studied to understand the deformation processes and seismic anisotropy in the upper mantle. The lattice preferred orientation (LPO) of olivine and chlorite was determined using electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD)/scanning electron microscopy. A sample with abundant garnet showed [100] axes of olivine aligned sub-parallel to lineation, and [010] axes aligned subnormal to foliation: A-type LPO. Samples rich in chlorite showed different olivine LPOs. Two samples showed [001] axes aligned sub-parallel to lineation, and [010] axes aligned subnormal to foliation: B-type LPO. Two other samples showed [100] axes aligned sub-parallel to lineation, and [001] axes aligned subnormal to foliation: E-type LPO. Chlorite showed a strong LPO characterized by [001] axes aligned subnormal to foliation with a weak girdle subnormal to lineation. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of the specimens revealed that the olivines with A-type LPO contain a small amount (170 ppm H/Si) of water. In contrast, the olivines with B-type LPOs contain a large amount (340 ppm H/Si) of water.The seismic anisotropy of the olivine and chlorite was calculated. Olivine showed Vp anisotropy of up to 3.8% and a maximum Vs anisotropy of up to 2.7%. However, the chlorite showed a much stronger Vp anisotropy, up to 21.1%, and a maximum Vs anisotropy of up to 31.7%. A sample with a mixture of 25% of olivine and 75% of chlorite can produce a Vp anisotropy of 14.2% and a maximum Vs anisotropy of 22.9%. Because chlorite has a wide stability field at high pressure and high temperature in the subduction zone, the strong LPO of chlorite can be a source of the observed trench-normal or trench-parallel seismic anisotropy in the mantle wedge as well as in subducting slabs depending on the dipping angle of slab in a subduction zone where chlorite is stable. 相似文献
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Kanenori Suwa 《Lithos》1979,12(2):99-107
Twinning patterns and petrofabrics of plagioclases are examined in three specimens of anorthosite from the Bushveld Complex, the Quebec Massif, and the Fiskenaesset Complex. Their plagioclases have petrographical characteristics exhibiting their different petrogeneses.In an anorthosite from the Bushveld Complex, plagioclase grains are twinned after the albite-Carlsbad, pericline, albite and Carlsbad laws. Frequency percentage of the albite-Carlsbad and Carlsbad laws reaches 43% Plagioclase grains in the adcumulate layers are developed with their composition plane (010) subparallel to the cumulate plane, whereas those in the heteradcumulate layers are developed with their composition plane (010) subperpendicular to the cumulate plane.In an equigranular anorthosite from the Quebec Massif, plagioclase grains are polysynthetically twinned after the albite and pericline laws with rare examples of the albite-Carlsbad and Carlsbad laws. Frequency percentage of the latter two laws is only 1% together. Some regularities are recognized in the petrofabrics of c-axis and (010) plane.In a calcic anorthosite from the Fiskenaesset Complex, plagioclase grains are polysynthetically twinned, exclusively according to the pericline law or a combination of pericline and albite laws. The pericline law is predominant and reaches 64% and this twinning pattern cleaarly differs from that of the former two anorthosites. 相似文献
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Caroline Bollinger Paul Raterron Olivier Castelnau Fabrice Detrez Sébastien Merkel 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2016,43(6):409-417
We report results from axisymmetric deformation experiments carried out on forsterite aggregates in the deformation-DIA apparatus, at upper mantle pressures and temperatures (3.1–8.1 GPa, 1373–1673 K). We quantified the resulting lattice preferred orientations (LPO) and compare experimental observations with results from micromechanical modeling (viscoplastic second-order self-consistent model—SO). Up to 6 GPa (~185-km depth in the Earth), we observe a marked LPO consistent with a dominant slip in the (010) plane with one observation of a dominant [100] direction, suggesting that [100](010) slip system was strongly activated. At higher pressures (deeper depth), the LPO becomes less marked and more complex with no evidence of a dominant slip system, which we attribute to the activation of several concurrent slip systems. These results are consistent with the pressure-induced transition in the dominant slip system previously reported for olivine and forsterite. They are also consistent with the decrease in the seismic anisotropy amplitude observed in the Earth’s mantle at depth greater than ~200 km. 相似文献
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Dislocations in intermediate plagioclase feldspars, which were deformed under granulite facies conditions, have been analysed. The study reveals extensive ductile deformation by intracrystalline slip and by twinning. Six out of the seven possible Burgers vectors were identified: \(b = \left[ {001} \right],\tfrac{1}{2}\left[ {110} \right],\tfrac{1}{2}\left[ {1\bar 10} \right],\left[ {101} \right],\tfrac{1}{2}\left[ {112} \right]and\tfrac{1}{2}\left[ {1\bar 12} \right]\) . Most, perhaps all, dislocations are dissociated by up to 200 Å. The microstructure is dominated by [001] screw dislocations, most of which appear to be dissociated in (010). The dominant slip system appears to be (010) [001]. Large grain-to-grain variations in the density of free dislocations indicate that the plastic strain in individual grains depended upon the Schmid factor for (010) [001]. The microstructure suggests that the rate-controlling step for high-temperature creep of plagioclase is cross-slip of extended [001] screw dislocations. The rheological contrast between feldspar and quartz is partly due to a difference in stacking fault energy. 相似文献
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斜长石组构与下地壳各向异性 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
着重阐述了下地壳各向异性特征与成因,研究内容和方法,各向异性动力学意义,并强调指出斜长石在下地壳物理环境下的塑性变形过程中形成的组构或晶格优选方法（ＬＰＯ）是下地壳地震波各向异性之主因。 相似文献
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苏鲁-大别山超高压变质带迟家店和碧溪岭石榴二辉橄榄岩橄榄石组构 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大别山碧溪岭和山东荣成分别发育壳源和幔源的石榴二辉橄榄岩。它们在扬子板块向华北板块的俯冲过程中与俯冲板片一起经历了超高压变质作用。这两种原岩来源不同的石榴橄榄岩中的橄榄石具有相似的结晶学优选方位(LPO):[100]轴主板密垂直于面理面,[010]轴主极密平行于线理,这种橄榄石结晶学优选方位明显不同于高温地幔橄榄岩包体中的橄榄石组构,也不同于最近在超高压变质地体中发现的水导致的橄榄石组构。我们认为碧溪岭和荣成石榴二辉橄榄岩中的这种橄榄石组构可能是在相对较干的超高压变质条件下形成的。本研究为大陆深俯冲超高压变质石榴橄榄岩橄榄石组构特征提供了第一手资料。 相似文献
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Clinopyroxene and plagioclase (andesine) microlites in an obsidian flow from Glass Mountain (NE California, USA) display strong alignment. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction, coupled with Rietveld analysis, was used to quantify crystallographic-preferred orientation (CPO). Clinopyroxene, with a rod-shaped morphology, shows a strong alignment of [001] in the flow direction and (010) aligned parallel to the inferred flow plane. Andesine, with a platy morphology, displays an alignment of (010) platelets in the flow plane. Some pole densities exceed 90 multiples of random distribution. Applying a model of rigid ellipsoidal inclusions in a viscous matrix, the local pure shear strains are between 2 and 3. 相似文献
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Ken Niwa Takehiko Yagi Kenya Ohgushi Sébastien Merkel Nobuyoshi Miyajima Takumi Kikegawa 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2007,34(9):679-686
Lattice preferred orientations (LPO) developed in perovskite and post-perovskite structured CaIrO3 were studied using the radial X-ray diffraction technique combined with a diamond anvil cell. Starting materials of each
phase were deformed from 0.1 MPa to 6 GPa at room temperature. Only weak LPO was formed in the perovskite phase, whereas strong
LPO was formed in the post-perovskite phase with an alignment of the (010) plane perpendicular to the compression axis. The
present result suggests that the (010) is a dominant slip plane in the post-perovskite phase and it is in good agreement with
the crystallographic prediction, dislocation observations via transmission electron microscopy, and a recent result of simple
shear deformation experiment at 1 GPa–1,173 K. However, the present result contrasts markedly from the results on MgGeO3 and (Mg,Fe)SiO3, which suggested that the (100) or (110) is a dominant slip plane with respect to the post-perovskite structure. Therefore
it is difficult to discuss the behavior of the post-perovskite phase in the Earth’s deep interior based on existing data of
MgGeO3, (Mg,Fe)SiO3 and CaIrO3. The possible sources of the differences between MgGeO3, (Mg,Fe)SiO3 and CaIrO3 are discussed. 相似文献