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1.
正Objective In recent years,the birth time and evolution of the Three Gorges,Yangtze River has become a focused topic.Different from previous studies,this study used provenance analysis of Quaternary sediments to discuss 相似文献
2.
Xuanwei Formation is composed of mudstone, siltstone, and sandstone, with local conglomerate. However, its provenance and tectonic setting have been scarcely studied. In this paper, we use sedimentology, electron probe microanalysis(EPMA), and detrital zircon dating to investigate its source area and depositional tectonic setting. The facies assemblages indicate that it formed in alluvial fan and fluvial river sedimentary environments. The strata thicknesses and facies distribution indicate that the sediment supply was from the west. The results of EPMA show that chromian spinels within the sediments are characterized by high Cr# and varying Mg#. Discrimination plots suggest that these spinels were sourced from large igneous province(LIP) magmatic rocks. The laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS) U–Pb chronology of detrital zircons suggests that the sediments were derived from intermediate–acid igneous rocks dating back to 251–260? Ma. We could, therefore, conclude that the provenance of the Xuanwei Formation is from Emeishan basalt and synchronous felsic igneous rocks, which is consistent with the composition of the detrital framework. The detrital zircon dates also suggest that felsic magmatism occurred during the Late Permian, not after the eruption of the Emeishan basalt. Based on the sedimentary successions and provenance analysis, the tectonic setting for Xuanwei Formation deposition was a volcanic rifted margin. 相似文献
3.
Signatures of the source for the Emeishan flood basalts in the Ertan area： Pb isotope evidence 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Emeishan flood basalts can be divided into high-Ti (HT) basalt (Ti/Y>500) and low-Ti (LT) basalt (Ti/Y<500). Sr, Nd isotopic characteristics of the lavas indicate that the LT- and the HT-type magmas originated from distinct mantle sources and parental magmas. The LT-type magma was derived from a shallower lithospheric mantle, whereas the HT-type magma was derived from a deeper mantle source that may be possibly a mantle plume. However, few studies on the Emeishan flood basalts involved their Pb isotopes, especially the Ertan basalts. In this paper, the authors investigated basalt samples from the Ertan area in terms of Pb isotopes, in order to constrain the source of the Emeishan flood basalts. The ratios of 206Pb/204Pb (18.31–18.41), 207Pb/204Pb (15.55–15.56) and 208Pb/204Pb (38.81–38.94) are significantly higher than those of the depleted mantle, just lying between EM I and EM II. This indicates that the Emeishan HT basalts (in the Ertan area) are the result of mixing of EMI end-member and EMII end-member. 相似文献
4.
The ca. 1.5 Ga mafic intrusions in the Zhuqing area, predominantly composed of alkaline gabbroic rocks in the Kangdian region of SW China, occur as dykes or irregular small intrusions hosting Fe–Ti–V mineralization. All of the intrusions that intrude the dolomite or shales of the Mesoproterozoic Heishan Formation of the Huili Group are composed of three cyclic units from the base upward: a marginal cyclic unit, a lower cyclic unit and an upper cyclic unit. The Fe–Ti–V oxide ore bodies are hosted in the lower and upper cyclic units. The textural relationships between minerals in the intrusions suggest that titanomagnetite formed earlier than silicate grains because euhedral magnetite and ilmenite grains were enclosed in clinopyroxene and plagioclase. Both the magnetitess–ilmenitess intergrowths due to subsolidus oxidation–exsolutions and the relative higher V distribution coefficient between magnetite and silicate melts in the gabbros from the Zhuqing area are different from those of other typical Fe–Ti bearing mafic rocks, suggesting that the oxygen fugacity was low in the gabbric rocks from the Zhuqing area. This finding was further confirmed by calculations based on the compositions of magnetite and ilmenite pairs. The clinopyroxene, magnetite and ilmenite in the intrusions from the Zhuqing area had considerably lower Mg O than those of other typical Fe–Ti oxide-rich complexes, suggesting that the titanomagnetite from the intrusion may have crystallized at a relatively late stage of evolution from a more evolved magma. Titanomagnetite first fractionally crystallized and subsequently settled in the lower parts of the magma chamber, where it concentrated and formed Fe–Ti–V oxide ore layers at the bases of the lower and upper cycles. Moreover, the occurrence of multiple Fe-Ti oxide layers alternating with Fe-Ti oxide-bearing silicate layers suggests that multiple pulses of magma were involved in the formation of the intrusions and related Fe-Ti-V oxide deposits in the Zhuqing area. 相似文献
5.
XIE Guiqing MAO Jingwen ZHU Qiaoqiao HAN Yingxiao LI Wei DUAN Chao YE Hui 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(6):1797-1807
Cu and Fe skarns are the world’s most abundant and largest skarn type deposits, especially in China, and Au-rich skarn deposits have received much attention in the past two decades and yet there are few papers focused on schematic mineral deposit models of Cu–Fe–Au skarn systems. Three types of Au-rich deposits are recognized in the Edongnan region, Middle–Lower Yangtze River metallogenic belt: ~140 Ma Cu–Au and Au–Cu skarn deposits and distal Au–Tl deposits; 137–148 Ma Cu–Fe; and 130–133 Ma Fe skarn deposits. The Cu–Fe skarn deposits have a greater contribution of mantle components than the Fe skarn deposits, and the hydrothermal fluids responsible for formation of the Fe skarn deposits involved a greater contribution from evaporitic sedimentary rocks compared to Cu–Fe skarn deposits. The carbonate-hosted Au–Tl deposits in the Edongnan region are interpreted as distal products of Cu–Au skarn mineralization. A new schematic mineral deposit model of the Cu–Fe–Au skarn system is proposed to illustrate the relationship between the Cu–Fe–Au skarn mineralization, the evaporitic sedimentary rocks, and distal Au–Tl deposits. This model has important implications for the exploration for carbonate–hosted Au–Tl deposits in the more distal parts of Cu–Au skarn systems, and Fe skarn deposits with the occurrence of gypsum-bearing host sedimentary rocks in the MLYRB, and possibly elsewhere. 相似文献
6.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987113000595 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
Mei-Fu Zhou Wei Terry Chen Christina Yan Wang Stephen A.Prevec Patricia Pingping Liu Geoffrey H.Howarth 《地学前缘(英文版)》2013,4(5):481-502
Magmatic oxide deposits in the～260 Ma Emeishan Large Igneous Province(ELIP),SW China and northern Vietnam,are important sources of Fe,Ti and V.Some giant magmatic Fe-Ti-V oxide deposits, such as the Panzhihua,Hongge,and Baima deposits,are well described in the literature and are hosted in layered mafic-ultramafic intrusions in the Panxi region,the central ELIP.The same type of ELIP- related deposits also occur far to the south and include the Anyi deposit,about 130 km south of Panzhihua,and the Mianhuadi deposit in the Red River fault zone.The Anyi deposit is relatively small but is similarly hosted in a layered mafic intrusion.The Mianhuadi deposit has a zircon U-Pb age of～260 Ma and is thus contemporaneous with the ELIP.This deposit was variably metamorphosed during the Indosinian orogeny and Red River faulting.Compositionally,magnetite of the Mianhuadi deposit contains smaller amounts of Ti and V than that of the other deposits,possibly attributable to the later metamorphism.The distribution of the oxide ore deposits is not related to the domal structure of the ELIP.One major feature of all the oxide deposits in the ELIP is the spatial association of oxide-bearing gabbroic intrusions,syenitic plutons and high-Ti flood basalts.Thus,we propose that magmas from a mantle plume were emplaced into a shallow magma chamber where they were evolved into a field of liquid immiscibility to form two silicate liquids,one with an extremely Fe-Ti-rich gabbroic composition and the other syenitic.An immiscible Fe-Ti-(P) oxide melt may then separate from the mafic magmas to form oxide deposits.The parental magmas from which these deposits formed were likely Fe-Ti-rich picritic in composition and were derived from enriched asthenospheric mantle at a greater depth than the magmas that produced sulfide-bearing intrusions of the ELIP. 相似文献
7.
Wei Xinjun Jiang Jixue Qinghai Research Institute of Salt Lake Exploration Exploitation Golmu Q inghai 《《地质学报》英文版》1994,68(1):71-82
The paper discusses the distribution of Quaternary sediments, occurrence of saline minerals and phases of neotectonic movements and their manifestations in the Qaidam basin. The formation of four successive lacustrine terraces in Tertiary anticlinal zones in the western part of the basin was related to the neotectonic movements that took place 100 Ka ago, and the distribution of such terraces discloses, in a way. the evolutionary history of the Quaternary salt lakes. According to the distribution of the terraces coupled with the distribution of Quaternary sediments and features of salt deposition, four periods of Quaternary salt lake evolution in the basin may be distinguished, which correspond to four stages of salt deposition respectively. 相似文献
8.
LI Zuochen PEI Xianzhi LI Ruibao PEI Lei LIU Chengjun CHEN Youxin XU Tong YANG Jie WEI Bo 《地质学报》2015,89(4):1213-1225
Investigation of the petrogenesis and the origin of zircons from the volcanic rocks of the Liujiaping Group of the back-Longmenshan tectonic belt in the northwest margin of the Yangtze Block is conducted by analysis of U–Pb geochronology and geochemistry. Results show that selected zircons are characterized by internal oscillatory zonings and high Th/U ratios (0.43–1.18), indicating an igneous origin. Geochronological results of LA–ICP–MS U–Pb dating of the Liujiaping Group zircons yield an age of 809 ± 11 Ma (MSWD = 2.2), implying that the volcanic rocks were formed in the Late Neoproterozoic. Geochemical analysis shows that the rocks are calc-alkaline, supersaturated in Al, and metaluminous to weakly peraluminous. Rare-earth elements are present at high concentrations (96.04–265.48 ppm) and show a rightward incline and a moderately negative Eu anomaly, similar to that of continental rift rhyolite. Trace element geochemistry is characterized by evident negative anomalies of Nb, Ta, P, Th, Ti, inter alia, and strong negative anomalies of K, Rb, Sr, et al. We conclude that the Liujiaping Group volcanic rocks resulted from typical continental crust source petrogenesis and were formed in a continental margin setting, which had no relation to subduction, and thus, were the products of partial melting of the lower crust due to crustal thickening caused by active continental margin subduction and arc–continent collision orogeny in the northwestern Yangtze Block and were triggered by the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent during the Neoproterozoic. 相似文献
9.
Caledonian orogeny is another important tectonic event in South China Block after the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent. With a view to constrain the tectonic evolution and proto–basin in South China, this paper reports the geochemical and zircon U-Pb dating data of the Ordovician strata in central Hunan, South China. Geochemical features and paleocurrent directions suggest that the lower Ordovician deposited in a passive continental margin basin with a provenance of quartzose components and showing an affinity with the Yangtze Block. U-Pb age data for 260 detrital zircons from upper Ordovician identify three major age populations as: 900–1200 Ma, 1400–1800 Ma and 2400–2700 Ma. The detrital zircon age spectrum as well as the paleocurrent directions suggest that upper Ordovician deposited in a foreland basin and showing a close affinity with the Cathaysia Block. It is also suggest that the lower Ordovician continuously accepted the mineral from the Yangtze Block, whereas the provenance of the upper Ordovician sedimentary basin changed from the Yangtze Block to the Cathaysia Block. This change implies a tectonic movement, which caused the transformation of the proto–basin in the Hunan area in SCB from passive continental margin basin to foreland basin probably took place during late Ordovician. This fact also demonstrate that the Caledonian orogeny in South China Block began no later than 453 Ma, and a new crustal evolution model is proposed. 相似文献
10.
XU Hai GAO Junbo YANG Ruidong DU Lijuan LIU Zhichen CHEN Jun FENG Kangning YANG Guanghai 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(1):90-102
The Zunyi manganese deposits, which formed during the Middle to Late Permian period and are located in northern Guizhou and adjacent areas, are the core area of a series of large-medium scale manganese enrichment minerogenesis in the southern margin and interior of the Yangtze platform, Southern China. This study reports the universal enrichment of rare earth elements(REEs) in Zunyi manganese deposits and examines the enrichment characteristics, metallogenic environment and genesis of REEs. The manganese ore bodies present stratiform or stratoid in shape, hosted in the silicon–mud–limestones of the Late Permian Maokou Formation. The manganese ores generally present lamellar, massive, banded and brecciated structures, and mainly consist of rhodochrosite, ropperite, tetalite, capillitite, as well as contains paragenetic gangue minerals including pyrite, chalcopyrite, rutile, barite, tuffaceous clay rock, etc. The manganese ores have higher ΣREE contents range from 158 to 1138.9 ppm(average 509.54 ppm). In addition, the ΣREE contents of tuffaceous clay rock in ore beds vary from 1032.2 to 1824.5 ppm(average 1396.42 ppm). The REEs from manganese deposits are characterized by La, Ce, Nd and Y enriched, and existing in the form of independent minerals(e.g., monazite and xenotime), indicating Zunyi manganese deposits enriched in light rare earth elements(LREE). The Ce_(anom) ratios(average-0.13) and lithofacies and paleogeography characteristics indicate that Zunyi manganese deposits were formed in a weak oxidation-reduction environment. The(La/Yb)_(ch), Y/Ho,(La/Nd)_N,(Dy/Yb)_N, Ce/Ce* and Eu/Eu* values of samples from the Zunyi manganese deposits are 5.53–56.92, 18–39, 1.42–3.15, 0.55–2.20, 0.21–1.76 and 0.48–0.86, respectively, indicating a hydrothermal origin for the manganese mineralization and REEs enrichment. The δ~(13) C_(V-PDB)(-0.54 to-18.1‰) and δ~(18) O_(SMOW)(21.6 to 26.0‰) characteristics of manganese ores reveal a mixed source of magmatic and organic matter. Moreover, the manganese ore, tuffaceous clay rock and Emeishan basalt have extremely similar REE fractionation characteristic, suggesting REEs enrichment and manganese mineralization have been mainly origin from hydrothermal fluids. 相似文献
11.
长江三峡的演化问题一直是地学界争论的焦点和热点。近年来,不少学者通过锆石、石榴子石、角闪石等重矿物的同位素和微量元素组成来判断长江物源,取得了较好的成果,但将单颗粒铁质重矿物作为物源指示矿物并应用于三峡贯通方面研究较少。因此作者运用电子探针、扫描电镜和能谱仪对湖北宜昌地区第四纪沉积物中的铁质重矿物进行化学特征和形貌分析,并与可能的物源区样品进行对比,来分析物源演化过程及判定三峡贯通时间。研究结果显示,宜昌地区第四纪沉积铁质重矿物的主要源岩为位于三峡以西的攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿、峨眉山玄武岩和位于三峡以东的黄陵花岗岩,在善溪窑组沉积结束以后,宜昌地区第四纪沉积物的物源发生了明显改变,出现来自三峡以西的物质,表明长江三峡此时发生了贯通。结合ESR测年数据和前人研究结果可知,长江三峡的贯通发生在0.75—0.73Ma B.P.。 相似文献
12.
大河流域的发育史和演化在地学界广受关注。探讨宜宾地区第四纪沉积物中铁质重矿物的特征,可为长江流域的演化提供重要证据,同时对于了解青藏高原东缘的隆升及沉积响应具有重要意义。本文以金沙江和岷江交汇处的宜宾地区第四纪沉积物中的铁质重矿物为研究对象,分析其在电子探针和背散射图像中的化学和形貌学特征,探究长江及其支流的物源演化过程。研究结果显示:岷江下游Ⅴ级阶地至Ⅳ级阶地沉积以磁铁矿为主,物源主要来自龙门山构造带;Ⅲ级阶地沉积以钛铁矿为主,物源仍然主要来自龙门山构造带;现代沉积中蓝晶石、磷灰石等包裹体的铁质矿物增多,其物源来自龙门山构造带和松潘—甘孜褶皱带。岷江Ⅴ级至Ⅲ级阶地形成时,岷江的源头主要位于龙门山构造带;Ⅲ级阶地形成以后,岷江不断向上溯源侵蚀,深入松潘—甘孜褶皱带内,逐渐形成现代岷江。金沙江Ⅴ级阶地和长江Ⅴ级阶地中均未出现攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿,此时金沙江攀枝花—宜宾河段未贯通,长江此时在研究区的物源主要由发源于龙门山构造带的岷江提供。金沙江Ⅳ级阶地中攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿大量出现,表明此时金沙江攀枝花—宜宾河段已经贯通,时间为Ⅳ级阶地开始沉积的时间,即0.5~0.3 Ma BP。 相似文献
13.
峨眉山玄武岩作为长江上游攀西地区广泛分布的岩类,具有形成环境独特、出露面积大、岩石易鉴定的特点,可作为长江三峡贯通物源示踪研究的指示标志.通过对长江中上游阶地和江汉平原周老孔第四纪岩心沉积物中的玄武岩砾石和岩屑(1~2 mm)进行研究发现,峨眉山玄武岩砾石在长江上游很常见,在三峡以下很少;玄武岩岩屑在长江上游沉积物中非常普遍,而且在周老孔岩心沉积物中的很多层位都有出现.对玄武岩岩屑基质中的斜长石做了微量元素微区原位分析(LA-ICP-MS),分析表明,在周老孔中含峨眉山玄武岩岩屑的岩心层位最大深度为156 m,该层位古地磁年龄约为1.7 Ma,此时长江已经形成且三峡已经贯通. 相似文献
14.
位于长江三峡出口的宜昌地区分布着一套第四纪砂砾石层,详细记录了区域内古环境变迁以及长江的形成与演化,但这些砾石层何时与长江上游物质建立物源关系一直存在较大争议。而钾长石是河流沉积物中常见的矿物,其地球化学元素组成在不同区域内存在显著差异,是进行河流物源对比研究的理想矿物。基于此,利用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子质谱仪（LA-ICP-MS）对宜昌第四纪砾石层和宜昌以上长江流域开展碎屑钾长石原位主微量元素和主成分（PCA）分析,结合砾石层已发表的地层沉积年龄,综合区域内已发表的研究结果,系统对比分析宜昌砾石层与长江上游物质建立物源联系的时间,结果表明在1.15 Ma时宜昌砾石层和长江流域存在物源关系;在0.75 Ma时随着长江上游水系的拓展与调整,有新物源区的物质进入长江。这些物源变化现象,主要体现了1.2~0.7 Ma期间长江流域受东亚和南亚夏季风的气候影响出现的沉积过程。 相似文献
15.
位于湖北省西缘的黄陵穹隆具有基底加盖层双层结构,其暴露的基底主要以黄陵花岗岩为代表。该穹隆对长江三峡的形成演化、四川－江汉盆地一带构造格局的形成,以及三峡大坝的安全性等方面均具有重要控制和影响作用。本文通过对黄陵花岗岩的裂变径迹特征分析,结合野外实测阶地地貌数据,获得了黄陵穹隆65Ma以来的隆升速率、隆升高度和剥蚀速率等方面的数据：1)65-7Ma,隆升速率为24.6-7.4m/Ma,隆升高度为1426.8-429.2m;2)7Ma至今,平均隆升速率为204.1m/Ma,隆升高度为1428.7m。而0.73-0.01Ma以来隆升速率由0.058m/Ka增加为1.033m/Ka,平均隆升速率为0.134m/Ka,显示出早期隆升较慢,后期加快的趋势。65Ma以来,至少总的剥蚀厚度为2455.5m-1457.9m,其中7Ma以来剥蚀的厚度为1028.7m,剥蚀速率为0.147mm/a。研究结果约束了长江三峡的形成时间和过程,证实了三峡是一年轻的河谷。 相似文献
16.
江汉平原沉积物重矿物特征及其对三峡贯通的指示 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
江汉平原是长江穿过三峡区的第一个大型卸载盆地, 其沉积物必然反映长江流经的物源区的物源特征.通过对盆地中心周老孔第四纪岩心的重砂样品中0.125~0.063mm粒级的重矿物含量变化、ATi、GZi、ZTR指数和重矿物组合分析, 发现从钻孔岩心深度110m开始向上, 水动力条件加强, 沉积速率加快, 重矿物的数量特征发生明显突变, 特征矿物的组合与现代长江相同.表明在周老孔岩心深度110m (古地磁年龄1.1Ma左右) 位置处, 长江三峡开始贯通, 江汉平原开始接纳长江带来的三峡上游的物质. 相似文献
17.
长江三峡地区第四纪以来新构造上升速度和形式 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10
本文以长江三峡地区各级夷平面和阶地作为重要标志,用地层学、古地磁测年、热释光测年和14C测年等手段,确定了它们的时代,从而分别计算2Ma、0.73Ma和0.2Ma以来的新构造上升速度。本文还探讨了新构造上升的特征:（1）长江三峡是一个以巴东为中心的不对称的新构造穹形隆起区,宜昌以东和万县以西是相对坳陷区;（2）2Ma以来,新构造上升节奏为缓慢—较快—较慢;（3）0.73Ma以来,新构造上升中心有向东迁移的趋势。 相似文献
18.
Detrital zircon U–Pb ages have been shown to be a powerful tool for provenance analysis and determining the exhumation of sediment source areas. This paper presents the results of detrital zircon LA-ICPMS U–Pb ages for Cretaceous sediments from the Yichang area of the Jianghan Basin, central China. The results provide new information on the provenance of these sediments and the detailed exhumation process of the Huangling Dome. Zircons with different age populations have been derived from the strata of the Huangling Dome. The Liantuo, Gucheng and Nantuo formations and the Kongling complex were exhumed, leading to deposition of the early Cretaceous Wulong Formation, which provides the sources of zircons with age peaks at 3.1–3.0, 2.5 and 1.8 Ga. Exhumation of the Huangling granitoid and contemporary volcanics provided the source of the late Cretaceous Luojingtan Formation, which contains zircons with age peaks at 1.1–0.95 and 0.83–0.74 Ga. The Qinling-Dabie orogeny supplied zircons with an age cluster of 0.27 to 0.18 Ga. These results indicate the timing of initial exhumation for the Huangling granite. They also show how overlying strata was first uplifted and eroded, followed by exposure of underlying strata at the surface during continued exhumation. 相似文献
19.
通过对江汉平原周老孔第四纪岩芯的22个重砂样品中 0.125～0.063mm粒级的重矿物中的普通辉石进行实验分析,发现从钻孔深度104m开始向上,普通辉石的含量明显增多(辉石在该粒级沉积物中的丰度从平均3.2×10－4 增加到10.9×10－4),种类也明显多样(从单一的墨绿色普通辉石到多种颜色的普通辉石都有相当数量的出现),特别是含钛普通辉石(玫瑰红色调)首次出现。通过对江汉平原物源分析,特别是近源(三峡以下,含三峡)和远源(三峡以上)产出普通辉石的岩体的面积及类型的比较分析(近源与远源的基性、超基性岩分布明显不同),认为江汉平原沉积物中普通辉石的变化是由长江上游下金沙江－三峡贯通后远源物质进入所引起的,这个发生变化的钻孔深度(104m)的古地磁年龄为1.1Ma。 相似文献
20.
为进一步厘清长江中游江汉—洞庭地区与黄广—九江地区更新统划分与对比,在区域地质调查基础上,识别出区内早更新世砾石层与上覆网纹红土之间的不整合关系,辅以年代学研究,开展了长江中游江汉—洞庭地区与黄广—九江地区第四系研究,建立了区域地层划分与对比格架。研究表明: 白沙井砾石层、阳逻砾石层、宜昌砾石层、九江砾石层等是区内短程河流的冲洪积相沉积,时代为早更新世晚期(Qp1),而上覆网纹红土则形成于中更新世(Qp2),二者之间为不整合接触,并以此为基础构建了区内第四纪更新世地层格架; 白沙井砾石层、阳逻砾石层、宜昌砾石层、九江砾石层与上覆网纹红土所代表的水动力条件和沉积环境的重大调整是长江三峡续接贯通的环境响应,暗示了长江上游“川峡二江”续接贯通的时限为早—中更新世之交。 相似文献