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1.
大青山-乌拉山变质杂岩中石拐地区富铝片麻岩出露于华北克拉通孔兹岩带中段,包括夕线石榴堇青二长片麻岩、紫苏石榴黑云二长片麻岩和夕线石榴黑云二长片麻岩,与基性麻粒岩彼此呈互层或夹层产出.根据岩相学观察、成因矿物学和变质反应结构的系统研究,结合地质温压计估算以及相平衡模拟的综合分析,揭示石拐地区富铝片麻岩的变质演化可划分为四个变质阶段.其中,早期进变质阶段(M1)矿物组合以石榴石核部及其包裹的细粒矿物黑云母+石英+斜长石±夕线石±钾长石±尖晶石为特征;峰期变质阶段(M2)的稳定的矿物组合为石榴石+基质中粗粒夕线石+黑云母+石英+斜长石+钾长石±磁铁矿±钛铁矿,形成的温压条件为T=840 ~ 860℃,P=10.0~10.5kbar;峰后近等温减压阶段(M3)以石榴石边部发育含堇青石的后成合晶为特征,并发生一系列典型的减压反应:Grt+ Sil+ Qz→Crd、Grt+ Melt→Crd+ Bt+ PI和Grt+ Melt→Crd+ Qz±P1,形成新的矿物组合为石榴石+堇青石+黑云母+斜长石+石英±夕线石±紫苏辉石,相应的温压条件为T=720~ 800℃和P=5.6 ~6.1kbar;晚期角闪岩相降温阶段(M4)的矿物组合是石榴石+石榴边部细粒黑云母+斜长石+石英+磁铁矿±钾长石±钛铁矿,记录的温压条件为T=616 ~661℃和P=3.4 ~5.2kbar.石拐地区富铝片麻岩及相关岩石具有典型的近等温减压的顺时针P-T轨迹,峰后经历了近等温减压和近等压降温的变质演化阶段.上述研究结果表明,石拐地区富铝片麻岩曾卷入到华北克拉通西部的阴山陆块和鄂尔多斯陆块间的俯冲-碰撞造山及随后的快速隆升的演化过程.  相似文献   

2.
点苍山-哀牢山变质杂岩带中北段嘎洒地区出露了多种典型的变沉积岩,其中夕线石榴黑云二长片麻岩和二云母片岩保存多期/多阶段矿物相转变特征,本文通过岩相学和矿物化学的综合分析,并结合传统矿物对温压计的估算结果,限定上述典型变沉积岩峰期角闪-麻粒岩相(M1)阶段、近等温减压-高温剪切变形阶段(M2)和晚期退变质(M3)阶段的矿物组合及变质温压条件。峰期角闪-麻粒岩相(M1)阶段的矿物组合为:石榴石(Grt)+板柱状夕线石(Sil1)+黑云母(Bt1)+钾长石(Kfs)+斜长石(Pl)+石英(Qtz)+钛铁矿(Ilm),变质温度压力条件为t=690~750℃,p=690~810 MPa;近等温减压-高温剪切变形阶段(M2)阶段,稳定矿物组合为:Grt+Sil2+Bt2+Kfs+Pl+Qtz+Ilm,黑云母在强烈走滑剪切作用下发生脱水熔融反应:2 Bt→Sil+6(Mg,Fe)O+K_2O+5 Qtz+2 H_2O,石榴石、黑云母和夕线石等受到剪切变形影响而发生强烈定向,形成的温度压力条件为t=650~720℃,p=450~630 MPa;晚期退变质阶段(M_3)的稳定矿物组合为:Qtz+Bt+Ms+Pl,退变的温度压力条件为t=580~640℃,p=400~500MPa。其变质演化p-T轨迹样式具有近等温减压的顺时针型式,表明点苍山-哀牢山变质杂岩带曾经历了一次明显的俯冲-碰撞造山事件,峰期变质可达到角闪-麻粒岩相;在碰撞后的构造折返过程中,上述变质岩石发生强烈的高温剪切变形作用,并伴随着黑云母等含水矿物的脱水熔融。  相似文献   

3.
遂昌-大柘泥质麻粒岩出露于华夏地块东北部的浙西南八都杂岩中,该岩石保留了典型的减压反应结构.但其变质演化特点、变质作用时代及构造意义目前尚不明确.通过系统的岩相学、矿物化学和同位素年代学分析,结果表明遂昌-大柘泥质麻粒岩记录了4个阶段的变质矿物组合,其中早期进变质阶段M1的矿物组合为石榴石+黑云母+石英;压力峰期变质阶段M2的矿物组合为石榴石+铝绿泥石+金红石+蓝晶石+刚玉+黑云母+石英±十字石,该矿物组合可能预示着岩石曾经历了超高压变质作用过程;峰期变质阶段M3的矿物组合为石榴石+黑云母+夕线石+石英±钾长石±斜长石±钛铁矿;峰后近等温降压M4-1阶段的矿物组合为石榴石+黑云母+夕线石+堇青石+石英+钛铁矿±尖晶石±斜长石±钾长石;M4-2阶段的矿物组合为石榴石+堇青石+夕线石+斜长石+黑云母+石英±钾长石.相平衡模拟结合传统地质温压计限定其峰期变质阶段的温压条件为T=780~810 ℃、P=8.0~9.2 kbar;峰期后近等温降压的M4-1阶段的温压条件为T=780~860 ℃和P=5.7~6.0 kbar,M4-2阶段的温压条件为T=~700 ℃和P=~4.4 kbar,具有典型的顺时针近等温减压型P-T轨迹特征.LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明其麻粒岩相变质作用时代为233.5~238.9 Ma.变质作用历史说明浙西南地体可能卷入了古特提斯洋域内印支-华南-华北板块之间的俯冲-碰撞过程,并经历了早中生代的麻粒岩相变质作用后快速折返至地表.   相似文献   

4.
点苍山变质杂岩新生代变质-变形演化及其区域构造内涵   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1  
点苍山变质杂岩体是哀牢山-红河韧性剪切带四个变质杂岩体之一,遭受了多期多阶段变质-变形作用改造。本文重点针对点苍山杂岩的新生代变质-变形作用,尤其是以富铝质高级变质岩即夕线石榴黑云片麻岩和侵位于其中的糜棱岩化细晶花岗质岩石开展了深入研究。对夕线石榴黑云片麻岩的显微构造分析与矿物共生组合研究,确定了高角闪岩相和低角闪岩相变质矿物共生组合,分别为:石榴石(Grt)+夕线石(Sil)+钾长石(Kfs)+黑云母(Bi)+斜长石(Pl)±石英(Q)和夕线石(Sil)+白云母(Ms)+黑云母(Bi)+石英(Q)。对其中的变质锆石进行SHRIMP U-Pb测试,获得了新生代三个阶段的变质作用年龄,即54.2±1.7Ma、31.5±1.5Ma和27.5±1.2Ma.本文还深入研究了侵位于高级变质岩中的一个花岗岩质糜棱岩的宏观与显微构造特点,其LA-ICP-MS年龄为24.4±0.89Ma,代表着同剪切就位花岗质岩浆侵位和结晶年龄。夕线石榴黑云片麻岩中变质锆石从2150~27Ma多期多阶段表观年龄的发育,表明点苍山变质杂岩体具有复杂的构造演化史。点苍山杂岩的多阶段新生代构造-热演化归咎于印度-欧亚板块会聚与碰撞作用(约54Ma)、造山后伸展作用(大约40~30Ma)和沿着哀牢山-红河剪切带大规模左行走滑变形作用(约27~21Ma)。  相似文献   

5.
三岔口夕线堇青石榴二长片麻岩出露于华北克拉通孔兹岩带东部的集宁变质杂岩中,该岩石保留了典型的减压反应结构。系统的岩相学观察和矿物化学研究结果表明,三岔口地区夕线堇青石榴二长片麻岩保存了两个阶段变质作用的矿物组合及相应的变质反应结构,其中峰期变质阶段M1的矿物组合为石榴石+夕线石+黑云母+石英+斜长石+钾长石+钛铁矿±磁铁矿;峰后减压的M2-1变质阶段矿物组合为石榴石+堇青石+夕线石+石英+斜长石+钾长石+钛铁矿±尖晶石,M2-2阶段的矿物组合为石榴石+堇青石+黑云母+石英+斜长石+钾长石+钛铁矿+磁铁矿±尖晶石。自峰期变质阶段到峰后减压阶段,典型的转变(减压)反应包括:Grt+Sil+Melt→Crd+Bt+Fe-oxide和Grt+Sil→Crd+Spl。相平衡模拟结合传统地质温压计限定峰期变质阶段的温压条件为T=852~862℃,P=9.3~10.2kbar;峰期后近等温减压的M2-1和M2-2阶段的温压条件分别为854~880℃和7.0~7.4kbar,820~848℃和5.3~6.4kbar。三岔口夕线堇青石榴二长片麻岩记录了典型的近等温减压型的顺时针P-T轨迹。阴极发光图像特征显示夕线堇青石榴二长片麻岩存在大量变质锆石,LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明,所有变质锆石记录了十分一致的207Pb/206Pb年龄,其变质时代为1912±11Ma。变质作用历史说明内蒙古孔兹岩带东段的集宁地体卷入了华北克拉通西部的阴山陆块和鄂尔多斯陆块之间的俯冲-碰撞,并经历了古元古代(~1912Ma)的麻粒岩相变质作用后快速折返至地表的过程。  相似文献   

6.
扬子板块西缘的康定杂岩为一套由侵入岩和变质岩共同组成的岩浆—变质混合杂岩,是研究罗迪尼亚超大陆裂解的重要窗口。长期以来对康定杂岩中的岩浆杂岩研究较多,但对变质杂岩研究较为薄弱。为全面了解康定杂岩形成的构造背景及成因机制,笔者等对扬子板块西缘的攀枝花大田地区康定群咱里组石榴夕线黑云斜长片麻岩进行了详细的岩相学、矿物地球化学、变质P—T条件估算研究,同时对同一层位的石榴二云片岩进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学分析。结果表明:石榴夕线黑云斜长片麻岩可识别出三期变质矿物组合:进变质阶段矿物组合(M1)为石榴子石变斑晶核部及其核部包裹体(石榴子石核部+第一期黑云母+第一期夕线石+钛铁矿+石英),P—T条件为609~690℃—0.2~0.3 GPa;峰期变质阶段矿物组合(M2)为石榴子石变斑晶幔部及变基质矿物(石榴子石幔部+第二期黑云母+第二期夕线石+斜长石+石英),P—T条件为643~732℃—0.20~0.51 GPa;退变质阶段矿物组合(M3)为石榴子石变斑晶边部及变基质矿物(石榴子石边部+第二期黑云母+第二期夕线石+斜长石+石英),P—T条件为602~687℃—0.27~0.3...  相似文献   

7.
采用激光拉曼技术,确认内蒙古中南部孔兹岩系锆石中保存进变质阶段矿物组合蓝晶石 钾长石 石英 磷灰石,蓝晶石 石榴石 钾长石 石英;峰期阶段矿物组合夕线石 石榴石 钾长石 石英,夕线石 石榴石 钾长石 石英 磷灰石。表明孔兹岩系在变质过程中矿物组合及相应的PT轨迹经历了自蓝晶石稳定区向夕线石稳定区的转变。  相似文献   

8.
浙西南八都群泥质麻粒岩的变质演化与pT轨迹   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
浙西南古元古界八都群是目前华夏地块最古老的变质基底,以往研究认为其变质程度仅达角闪岩相。近来在对遂昌地区八都群富铝片麻岩的研究过程中,发现了具有"石榴石+夕线石+正/反条纹长石+黑云母"特征组合的泥质麻粒岩,表明该地体曾经历麻粒岩相变质改造。通过岩相学与矿物化学分析,确定该岩石经历了3个阶段的演化过程,即:早期进变质阶段(M1),形成"石榴石+黑云母+白云母+夕线石+斜长石+石英"的矿物组合;变质峰期阶段(M2-3),形成"石榴石+夕线石+三元长石+黑云母+石英"的矿物组合;峰期后降压冷却阶段(M4),形成"黑云母+白云母+新生斜长石+石英"的矿物组合。岩石中石榴石普遍发育与降温过程有关的扩散成分环带和与降压过程有关的斜长石后生合晶。通过石榴石-黑云母温度计和GASP压力计估算变质峰期的温压条件为800~850℃、0.6~0.7 GPa,峰期后退变质阶段的温压条件为560~590℃、0.25~0.33 GPa,具有顺时针样式的pT演化轨迹,反映一种陆壳碰撞增厚、后又拉伸减薄的动力学过程。  相似文献   

9.
南秦岭造山带分布于商丹和勉略两条缝合线之间,其东段变质地层以志留系和泥盆系为主,包括少量的震旦系和上古生界。主要岩性包括变质泥质岩、石英岩、大理岩和少量的变质基性岩及片麻岩等。根据野外分布和显微组构特征发现这些岩石至少遭受了两期变质作用:早期为递增变质作用,它以佛坪地区的高角闪岩相—麻粒岩相为中心,向外依次变为低角闪岩相(十字石—蓝晶石带)、绿帘角闪岩相(石榴石带)和绿片岩相(绿泥石和黑云母带),变质时代约为220~260 Ma。麻粒岩相以出现二辉石为特征,包括基性和中酸世麻粒岩等,野外只见于佛坪县城附近。高角闪岩相在泥质岩石中的矿物组合为夕线石-石榴石-黑云母-斜长石-钾长石-石英,其变质条件为t=688~693℃,P=0.5~0.6 GPa;低角闪岩相在泥质岩石中的矿物组合为蓝晶石(十字石)-石榴石-黑云母-白云母-斜长石-石英,其变质条件为t=570~598℃,P-0.7~1.0 CPa;绿帘角闪岩相在泥质岩石中的矿物组合为石榴石-黑云母-白云母-斜长石-绿泥石-石英,变质条件为t=518~545℃,P=0.5~0.8GPa;绿片岩相的矿物组合为白云母-绿泥石-石英-斜长石-(黑云母),其变质压力为0.6~0.65 GPa,温度可能为400~450℃。采用Spear提出的吉布斯方法,以石榴石变斑晶的环带变化得到高角闪岩相、低角闪岩相  相似文献   

10.
胶北地区早前寒武纪孔兹岩系的变质演化   总被引:23,自引:22,他引:1  
王舫  刘福来  刘平华  刘建辉 《岩石学报》2010,26(7):2057-2072
在胶北地区出露大面积早前寒武纪孔兹岩,主体岩石为富铝片岩-片麻岩,夹有大理岩等变沉积岩。岩相学、成因矿物学和变质反应性质的研究以及温压条件估算结果表明,研究区孔兹岩系经历了四个阶段的变质演化。早期进变质阶段(M1)的矿物组合为石榴石及其内部的黑云母+斜长石+石英;峰期中-高压麻粒岩相变质阶段(M2)的矿物组合以含蓝晶石的麻粒岩相矿物组合为标志,该阶段最高的温压条件可达760℃、10.0kb;峰后近等温减压麻粒岩相退变质阶段(M3)发生一系列典型减压反应,以新生堇青石的出现为标志,形成了含堇青石的中-低压麻粒岩相矿物组合,稳定的温压条件为750~800℃、4.0~5.4kb;晚期降温退变质阶段(M4)以石榴石转变形成细小黑云母等退变矿物为特征,该阶段的温压条件为550~650℃、4.0kb。孔兹岩系变质演化P-T轨迹具有顺时针型式,先后经历了近等温减压(ITD)和近等压冷却(IBC)的P-T演化,标志着胶北地区早前寒武纪孔兹岩系曾经历了地壳加厚-构造隆升的动力学过程。  相似文献   

11.
The Late Oligocene oyster Hyotissa antiguensis (Brown) is locally common in the Antigua Formation of Hughes Point, eastern Antigua, Lesser Antilles; it was not commonly bored at that time. Its valves and shells are robust, and reworked into the shallow water near-shore environment in Antigua; it could potentially be incorporated into younger rocks. Its neoichnology includes clues that would facilitate identification of these oysters as reworked fossils. The suite of modern borings found in these specimens includes common Caulostrepsis taeniola Clarke, Gastrochaenolites isp. cf. G. turbinatus Kelly and Bromley and Entobia isp., and rare Oichnus simplex Bromley and Rogerella? isp. The latter three taxa are limited to oyster shell substrates. Of the common ichnotaxa, Caulostrepsis and Gastrochaenolites are particularly prominent in limestone clasts and limestone cemented to oyster shells, which would be an indicator of reworking if found in a post-Oligocene lithified deposit. Caulostrepsis and Gastrochaenolites are relatively less common in oyster shells and valves, and in many specimens are seen to terminate against the shell. Entobia is the only common boring limited to the shell substrate. The fidelity of preservation of modern borings is also superior in limestone clasts. This suite of borings is comparable with those found in the Neogene of the Antillean region.  相似文献   

12.
The palaeontological content (charophytes and vertebrates) of organic-rich layers from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) of the Grands Causses at Mostuéjouls (Aveyron, France) has been examined. It is rich in gyrogonites of Porochara douzensis. The vertebrates of the lower layer include a single hybodontiform tooth, “semionotiform” teeth and scales, and one pycnodontiform tooth whereas the upper layer has yielded one hybodontiform tooth, a variety of actinopterygian remains (mostly Caturus sp. and indeterminate pycnodontiforms) and a few possible reptile remains. The variation in fauna between the two layers is ascribed to a different degree of marine influence.  相似文献   

13.
Nineteenth-century references to clavate borings in woody substrates in the Lower Greensand of the Isle of Wight used a variety of names, but Teredo (a wood-boring bivalve, not a boring), Teredolithes (a junior synonym of Teredolites) and Gastrochaena (a bivalve borer of rock and shelly substrates, not a boring in wood) are all nomenclatorially incorrect. Borings in a beach clast derived from the Lower Greensand Group and recently collected from Sandown Bay, Isle of Wight, are referred to Teredolites isp. cf. T. longissimus Kelly and Bromley. This specimen confirms the presence of Teredolites in the Lower Greensand Group and demonstrates a common ichnological problem of beach clasts; borings, either fossil or modern, are incompletely preserved, making confident classification below the level of ichnogenus problematic.  相似文献   

14.
15.
The origin of the genus Bos is a debated issue. From ∼ 0.5 Ma until historic times, the genus is well known in the Eurasian large mammal assemblages, where it is represented by Bos primigenius. This species has a highly derived cranial anatomy that shows important morphological differences from other Plio-Pleistocene Eurasian genera of the tribe Bovini such as Leptobos, Bison, Proamphibos-Hemibos, and Bubalus. The oldest clear evidence of Bos is the skull fragment ASB-198-1 from the middle Pleistocene (∼ 0.6-0.8 Ma) site of Asbole (Lower Awash Valley, Ethiopia). The first appearance of Bos in Europe is at the site of Venosa-Notarchirico, Italy (∼ 0.5-0.6 Ma). Although the origin of Bos has traditionally been connected with Leptobos and Bison, after a detailed anatomical and morphometric study we propose here a different origin, connecting the middle Pleistocene Eurasian forms of B. primigenius with the African Late Pliocene and early Pleistocene large size member of the tribe Bovini Pelorovis sensu stricto. The dispersal of the Bos lineage in Western Europe during middle Pleistocene times seems to coincide with the arrival of the Acheulean tool technology in this continent.  相似文献   

16.
Indigofera melanadenia and Tephrosia longipes plant species, collected from Cu–Ni mining area, were evaluated for accumulation of Cu and Ni. The total and bioavailable concentrations of Cu and Ni in the host soils were also determined. Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry was used for all metal determinations. The total and bioavailable concentrations of Cu in the soils were in the range 900–9000 μg/g and 200–2000 μg/g respectively. For Ni, the total and bioavailable concentrations were in the range 900–2000 μg/g and ∼ 40–100 μg/g respectively. The concentrations of Cu and Ni in the leaves of I. melanadenia were higher than in the roots with a range 80–130 μg/g in the leaves and 20–80 μg/g in the roots for Cu and a range of 150–200 μg/g in the leaves and 20–60 μg/g in the roots for Ni. Concentration of Cu in T. longipes was in the range of 37–240 μg/g and 150–200 μg/g in the leaves and roots respectively while the concentration of Ni was 80–140 μg/g in the leaves and 25–100 μg/g in the roots. Results indicate that both species have a potential for accumulating Cu and Ni. Translocation factor, a ratio of shoots to roots metal concentration, was used to evaluate the translocation properties of the plants from roots to shoots. Translocation factors of the plants were ≥ 1 suggesting efficient translocation of metals from roots to shoots.  相似文献   

17.
A 90,000-yr record of environmental change before 18,000 cal yr B.P. has been constructed using pollen analyses from a sediment core obtained from Salar de Uyuni (3653 m above sea level) on the Bolivian Altiplano. The sequence consists of alternating mud and salt, which reflect shifts between wet and dry periods. Low abundances of aquatic species between 108,000 and 50,000 yr ago (such as Myriophyllum and Isoëtes) and marked fluctuations in Pediastrum suggest generally dry conditions dominated by saltpans. Between 50,000 yr ago and 36,000 cal yr B.P., lacustrine sediments become increasingly dominant. The transition to the formation of paleolake “Minchin” begins with marked rises in Isoëtes and Myriophyllum, suggesting a lake of moderate depth. Similarly, between 36,000 and 26,000 cal yr B.P., the transition to paleolake Tauca is also initiated by rises in Isoëtes and Myriophyllum; the sustained presence of Isoëtes indicates the development of flooded littoral communities associated with a lake maintained at a higher water level. Polylepis tarapacana-dominated communities were probably an important component of the Altiplano terrestrial vegetation during much of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and previous wet phases.  相似文献   

18.
A new partial skeleton of the armoured ornithischian dinosaur Polacanthus found in the Wadhurst Clay Formation (Valanginian stage) of Bexhill, Sussex is the oldest recorded occurrence of this taxon. Previous discoveries suggested that at least two armoured ornithischians occur in the Wealden succession: Polacanthus, which was mostly restricted to the Barremian, and Hylaeosaurus, which was recorded as present only in the Valanginian. The new discovery extends the stratigraphic range of Polacanthus into the Valanginian. Although these two taxa appear to be closely similar anatomically, their osteology now suggests they are not synonymous. The new specimen includes the first known jugal as well as a comparatively rare polacanthid plate/spine (splate) which probably comes from the shoulder (pectoral) area of these animals.  相似文献   

19.
缅甸硬玉岩地区的热液型钠长石岩   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
王静  施光海  王君  袁野  杨梦楚 《岩石学报》2013,29(4):1450-1460
产于俯冲带内的低温高压带的由单矿物构成的硬玉岩通常伴有钠长石岩,目前对于硬玉岩研究的关注度较高,而对于钠长石岩则相对较低,很少有相关论文报导.产于缅甸翡翠矿区的钠长石岩,经常与硬玉岩相伴而生,是良好的研究样品.钠长石岩的主要矿物成分是低温钠长石,其次含有硬玉、绿辉石、透辉石等辉石类矿物和钠透闪石、蓝透闪石、镁钠闪石等闪石类矿物,此外还有钠沸石等.钠长石沿着解理和裂隙交代硬玉,说明钠长石形成晚于硬玉岩.钠长岩中的主要组成矿物钠长石的形成温度小于300℃,且其形成压力小于0.5kb,推测是在硬玉岩抬升程中通过交代与沉淀作用形成.其内的透辉石有两种类型,一类可能是被交代的硬玉中的透辉石组分会渐进增加,最终形成透辉石.另一类是被绿辉石包裹的透辉石残留,其很有可能是早期来自地幔楔或者俯冲带岩石中的矿物残留,即异剥钙榴岩或辉石岩类,可以视作硬玉化绿辉石岩和硬玉化异剥钙榴岩的矿物学证据.热液型钠长石岩的存在进一步说明缅甸翡翠矿区钠化热液存在现象的普遍性与穿越性.  相似文献   

20.
The hatchling sizes of the Cretaceous nautiloids (Hercoglossa forbesianus and Cimomia angustus; Hercoglossidae) are reported here for the first time as ranging between 20.4-22.2 mm in diameter. These new data for Hercoglossidae and the previously reported data for Nautilidae and Cymatoceratidae suggest that all Cretaceous nautiloids had large hatchlings irrespective of their taxonomy relative to those in ammonoids. Based on the relationship between hatching events and the nepionic constriction in modern nautili, the hatchling size of nautiloids can be recognized by the constriction on the shell surface of the innermost whorl. The range of hatchling diameter in all Cretaceous nautiloids (9-35 mm) is comparable to those of modern nautili (20-32 mm), although the Cretaceous nautiloids are characterized by a wider range with the smaller minimum diameter. The large hatchling size in Cretaceous nautiloids stands in marked contrast to those in ammonoids, which had much smaller hatchling size (mostly <2 mm in diameter) and became extinct at the end of the Cretaceous. Such distinct differences in reproductive strategy (i.e., hatchling and egg sizes) suggest that these differences may have played a significant role in the fate of ammonoids and nautiloids through the K/T mass extinction, as previously hypothesized by several paleontologists.  相似文献   

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