共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
Mining activities have left huge uncovered slopes，large areas of gangue ground and extensive tailings dams．In this paper，we studied some impacts of mining activities upon environment in Panzhihua region，southwestern China．The environmental impacts include ecological destruction，geological disasters，environmental pollution，land damage，solid waste and occupational health effect in study area．The author suggested that local government should take some measure to reduce environmental impact in Panzhihua City．First，the counter measure of reducing environmental impactis to set up ecological rehabilitation and environmental management system， which ensure the ustainable development of resources，environment，economy and society in this region．Second，the area needs to
be monitored regularly for trace metal and other pollutants to forewarn urban eco-evironmentalsafety． 相似文献
2.
多年冻土地区金刚石矿的环境问题--以Yakutia 西北部Anabar矿为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
V.N. Makarov 《冰川冻土》2004,26(Z1):257-262
Placer diamond mining in the Anabar area involves various operations that cause long-term (nearly a quarter of a century) environmental impacts. The long history of mining activities, the technology used to mine the placers, as well as the poor assimilative capacity of the natural systems can result in serious environmental impacts in the area. The primary geochemical processes in the diamond-bearing area are affected by the occurrence of permafrost and relict ice, the lengthy duration of ice cover in water bodies, and the widespread development of cryogenic processes. This promotes physical migration of contaminants, cryogenic metamorphization of waters, and long-term accumulation of organic contaminants in low-temperature, reduction and sedimentation barriers. In this paper, some environmental and geochemical effects of diamond mining in the Arctic area are discussed. 相似文献
3.
Shenggao CHENG Lei HUANG Ruili SHEN 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):108-108
Ecotourism environmental impact assessment is a traveling activity relevant influence prediction and appraisal. And the setting-up of the index system is very important to implement the appraisal of environmental impact of ecological travel. According to the index system, natural ecological environment, humane social environment, the environment of tourist resources and the atmosphere of capacity of tourist environment, four major systems form the first index. Each system formed the second index of several key elements. In addition, it is a key step to appraise the sureness of the factor weight, which influences the rationality of the result directly. Daily method of weighting has the Delphi＇s and the AHP. According to ＂Grade form of characteristic value of Standard of rating for quality of tourist attractions＂ which the National Tourism Administration issues, the paper takes the Jingshan mountains ecological tourist zone as an example and adopts AHP to weight the factors mainly, assisted with the Delphi＇s by the help of computer. The Jingshan ecological tourist zone is good. The result of calculation, comprehensive value of 8.35 after establishment, shows that it doesn＇t change dramatically, attributing to the index of natural ecological environment like atmosphere, quality of surface water, acoustics environment and vegetation coverage. Improvement of traffic states and sanitation caused by the project in the region increases the comprehensive value, while the water and soil loss in partial area caused by construction decrease. 相似文献
4.
热泵在多年冻土地区工程中的应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
Sergei Guly 《冰川冻土》2004,26(Z1):220-226
The inclement climate and permafrost have a strong influence on human activities and life in cold regions. It is important to adjust to these conditions in such a way as to minimize adverse environmental impacts. In order to maintain the ecological equilibrium, various technologies have been developed which involve the use of the natural cold for solving difficult engineering problems. Heat pumps hold much promise in this context. They can help protect the environment from the thermal effects of human activities and, unlike the conventional refrigeration devices; the produced heat can be utilized. They also provide a solution to another problem vitally important for the northern regions - saving of fuel and energy resources. In case of global warming with an increasing need for artificial refrigeration, the use of heat pumps will be the most economical solution, preventing catastrophic loss of structural stability virtually without additional costs. 相似文献
5.
Environmental Geochemistry of Heavy Metal Contaminants in Soil and Stream Sediment in Panzhihua Mining and Smelting Area,Southwestern China 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Mining and smelting activities are the main causes for the increasing pollution of heavy metals in soil, Water body and stream sediment. An environmental geochemical investiga-tion was carried out in and around the Panzhihua mining and smelting area to determine the ex-tent of chemical contamination in soil and sediment. The main objective of this study was to in-vestigate the environmental geochemistry of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Pb, Zn and As in soil andsediment and to assess the degree of pollution in the study area. The data of heavy metal con-centrations reveal that soils and sediments in the area have been slightly contaminated. Geo-chemical maps of Igeo of each heavy metal show that the contaminated sites are located in V-Ti-magnetite sloping and smelting, gangues dam. The pollution sources of the selected elementscome mainly from dusts resultant from mining activities and other three-waste-effluents. The areaneeds to be monitored regularly for trace metal, especially heavy metal enrichment. 相似文献
6.
The living circumstances of human beings are closely related to the geological environment. As exemplified by the Zhangjiakou-West Beijing region, this paper describes the intensive mantle-crust uplift, which led to anomalous element background values for regional rocks(ores) and soils. As a result, some agricultural crops, and forests and fruits are of “superquality and high yield“ or of “poor quality and low yield“. The anomalous elements can find their way into grains, fruits, vegetables and drinking water and then will be taken by human beings, constituting a food chain, which would directly impact human health and lead to the spread of some endemic diseases. Studies have shown that the geomorphological features in the Zhangjiakou-West Beijing region are the outcome of geotectonic evolution since the Mesozoic.Mantle-crust movement is the key factor leading to the evolution and change of the regionally geological environment. 相似文献
7.
Cuihua CHEN Shijun NI Binbin HE Chengjiang ZHANG 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):27-28
Heavy metal contamination has attracted huge concern due to its toxicity, abundance and persistence in the environment, and subsequent accumulation in soil, sediment and water. Mining is one of the most important sources of heavy metals in the environment. Mining-milling operations and disposal of tailings （the finely ground remains of milled ores） in addition to smelting and metal refining provide significant sources of pollution. Mining and mineral processing in the Dexing region of China have been carried out for over forty years and have contaminated the soils with heavy metals, Many studies were conducted to assess and establish the extent of heavy metal contamination in the soils due to mining. The aim of this work was to assess the environmental impact of mining on soils in the Dexing region and to identify the main factors involved in heavy metals dispersion. A 4800 km^2 study area was assessed with respect to its heavy metals on the basis of the current guideline values. In order to assess the extent of heavy metals contamination resulting from past mining activities in the Dexing region, 919 soil samples were collected and analyzed for As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu and Pb, Heavy metals levels were determined using inductively couple plasma-atomic emission spectrometry and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Results of soil samples reported concentrations between 1.790-899 mg/kg for As, 0.034-4.980 mg/kg for Hg, 0.043-8.330 mg/kg for Cd, 10-666 mg/kg for Cr, 25-18500 mg/kg for Zn, 6-1825 mg/kg for Cu, and 16-1312 mg/kg for Pb, respectively. The maximum values of As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu and Pb concentration in soils were up to 60, 33, 41, 7, 185, 52 and 37 times higher than the tolerable level, respectively. Meanwhile, the single-factor pollution index and Nemerow pollution index were used to assess the environment quality of heavy metals contamination. 相似文献
8.
This paper describes how to carry out environmental impact assessment in an environmentally sensitive zone.The principles,the train of thought and methods are proposed in this paper,We have made the water environmental impact assessment on the engineering project of technical reforms in Guiyang Battery Mill.The hasis for engineering construction and environmental protection in this mill has been laid dawn. 相似文献
9.
An eco-environmental geochemical investigation was carried out in and around the Dexing mining area to determine the concentrations of heavy metals in the surface water, sediments, soils and plants. The main objective of this study is to assess the environmental situation and evaluate the transferring of heavy metals from mining activities into the food chain. Some samples of water, sediment, topsoil and plant were collected along the Lean River in the Dexing mining area. The total concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, and As were determined by AAS, and Hg was analyzed by cold-vapor AAS. Some indices such as ‘contamination degree‘ , ‘geoaccumulation index‘ , and ‘biological absorption coefficient‘ were used to assess eco-environmental quality. The investigation indicated a highly localized distribution pattern closely associated with the two pollution sources along the Le‘an River bank: one is strong acidity and a large amount of Cu in the drainage from the Dexing Cu mining area; and the other is the high concentrations of Pb and Zn in the effluents released from many smelters and mining, processing and extracting activities in the riparian zone. Results from the investigated localities indicated, at least in part, that some problems associated with environmental quality deterioration should be solved in the future. 相似文献
10.
《中国地球化学学报》2006,(Z1)
Effects of mercury on ecosystems and human health are well documented. Human activities have significant impacts on transport, transformation, and fate of mercury in the natural environment. In this study, a gold mining area (Tongchuan), an urban area (Xi… 相似文献
11.
Keith Hartley 《GeoJournal》1995,37(2):277-282
Abtract The environmental impacts of defence is a neglected and under-researched area for economists. This article presents a conceptual approach outlining some of the economic issues involved in the environmental impacts of defence spending and the activities of the armed forces. It reviews the economics and politics of externalities and then considers beneficial and harmful externalities and concludes by identifying some of the environmental costs of disarmanent. 相似文献
12.
矿产勘查活动往往会带来一定的生态环境影响,如何评估这些影响是当前矿产勘查所面临的迫切问题之一。本研究以广东省金矿资源最为集中的粤西金矿带为例,采用生态系统服务价值核算方法,利用单位面积生态环境价值,结合植被恢复时间和矿产资源潜力,量化评估粤西金矿带内的四个主要已知矿区勘查活动生态环境影响,进一步推测量化评估金矿带内其他具有类似成矿地质条件的预测单元勘查活动生态环境影响。评估结果表明：（1）粤西金矿带勘查活动生态环境影响成本较低,相对于其矿产资源潜力带来的社会经济效益而言,微乎其微;（2）广东省粤西金矿带下一步勘查工作方向仍应重点集中在金牛A类预测区、新洲A类预测区与高村A类预测区等资源潜力大、单位资源量生态环境成本低的区域;（3）本研究提出的勘查活动生态环境影响量化评估方法具有易操作、适用性广等特点,可用于其他地理环境下的勘查活动生态环境影响量化评估。 相似文献
13.
首先从累积影响的概念和分类两方面对累积影响的内涵进行了总结,回顾了累积影响概念产生、发展的过程,提出了定义累积影响必须包括的核心内容;对国内外累积影响的研究现状进行了概括:国外对累积影响的研究开展得较早,但仍然存在累积影响定义不一致、方法定量性差、结论没有公信力等问题。国内于20世纪90年代开始对累积影响进行研究,主要集中于方法研究,对定义和实例探讨较少;对一些具有代表性的累积影响分析方法进行归类,并指出了各种方法的适用条件;特别对累积影响在水利学科中应用的情况进行了介绍,并指出了流域梯级开发背景下累积影响分析的特点;最后提出了累积影响研究的几点趋向。 相似文献
14.
A. M. Martínez-Graña J. L. Goy y Goy Irene De Bustamante Gutiérrez C. Zazo Cardeña 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(1):39-51
A new procedure is proposed for joint strategic environmental assessment and environmental impact assessment using simultaneous characterizations in the protected natural area studied to analyse the importance and extent of the impact of human activities within this area on the various natural resources. GIS techniques were used to define territorial models, including environmental information criteria in thematic layers to facilitate environmental diagnosis in the early planning stages in the areas of concern or of higher quality for conservation at different working levels (municipal, district, provincial or national). Traditional conventional environmental impact assessment methods were improved, using spatial analysis to compare scenarios based on the spatial and temporal variability of the impacts identified and their evaluation. This method was applied to the natural space of Las Batuecas-S. de Francia and Quilamas, where in an initial stage the different anthropogenic activities (landfills, etc.) with the potential to cause direct (sewage waters, etc.) or indirect (leachate, etc.) impacts were identified, using checklists and double-entry matrices to analyse actions likely to cause impacts, developing the cartography and identifying environmental impacts potentially damaging to the natural environment. Next, thematic and interpretive mappings were drawn up (surface water quality, aquifer vulnerability to pollution and vulnerability to municipal solid waste) to assess the effects upon resources (water, soil, air, etc.). Finally, by overlapping the impact identification and vulnerability mappings (municipal solid waste, pollution of aquifers and surface water quality) the impact characterization mapping was obtained, showing the absorption capacity of the different sectors to help the responsible bodies set out preventive and/or corrective measures. The essence of this paper is, in methodological terms, its use of two methods simultaneously (strategic environmental assessment and environmental impact assessment) in a protected natural area, allowing it to be extrapolated to any area where territorial management and planning studies need to be carried out. 相似文献
15.
我国北方干旱化研究——面向国家需求的全球变化科学问题 总被引：44，自引：0，他引：44
近几十年来 ,全球环境变化已经成为国际社会关注的焦点。中国也面临一系列与此相关的重大生存环境问题。其中最为突出的是北方地区的干旱化。其主要表现为 :降水量减少 ,雪线高度抬升 ,湖泊萎缩 ,河网干枯 (特别如黄河断流 ) ,土地荒漠化 ,生态系统退化等等。这些问题已经成为国民经济发展的严重障碍。北方干旱化是怎样形成的 ?其未来发展趋势如何 ?将对中国的生存环境和社会经济可持续发展产生什么影响 ,应采取什么对策 ?政府和公众迫切要求回答这些与社会发展和人民生活密切相关的重大问题。文中分析了北方干旱化问题的性质 ,提出了面对国家需求应解决的关键科学问题和主要研究内容 ,简要介绍了在国家重点基础研究规划项目的支持下 ,近年来的主要研究进展 ,其中包括北方地区不同时间尺度干湿变化的规律和干旱化的证据 ,全球增暖和人类活动 (主要是水土资源的利用 )对干旱化的影响 ,主要生态系统对干旱化的响应和适应以及组织有序人类活动 ,改善生态环境 ,缓解干旱化影响的虚拟试验的结果等。 相似文献
16.
J. Nouri S. Toutounchian 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2004,1(2):109-117
Application of environmental management system (EMS) in urban environment provides a city with orderliness, regularity, quietness and freshness environment. Besides, it contributes sustainable development and optimization in life level index of the city. If the whole urban districts design and establish an environmental management system ISO 14001, the development will be faster and more sustainable. Municipality of Tehran, District 22 has been found and started an activity under the command of Sterling Council of Iran Urbanization and Architecture in order to regenerate the urbanization concealed concepts and also to control and organize the excessive constructions in west and northwest of Tehran since 2000. As a result of human undergoing development activities, the process of urbanization during many years has caused various environmental impacts. Thus, decision makers and managers considered urban sustainable development as a main strategy. District-22, has taken the required steps in providing sustainable development, safety and health of the organization and citizens in the related district. Environmental policy and commitment of top management (Mayor of the District-22) are to keep environmental conservation, in a well organized manner. In this study, dominant environmental aspects, impacts and legal requirements of the related activities and services are identified. Subsequently, environmental objectives and targets and also environmental management programs have been determined. Besides, training, internal and external communication, operational control, emergency preparedness and responsibility, obligations to follow environmental rules and achieving certification of ISO 14001; 1996 standard are the most important highlights at this study. The planning process, establishing and the method of operation has also been studied. 相似文献
17.
18.
黑色页岩的资源功能和环境效应 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13
利用ICP—MS等分析技术对典型黑色页岩的微量元素及P、S等组分进行了分析，探讨了黑色页岩的化学特征、风化机制和微量元素富集特征，阐明了黑色页岩的资源功能和环境效应。结果表明，黑色页岩不但富含多种矿产资源，产有大型、超大型多金属矿床，而且可用作复合化肥以改良土壤。同时，黑色页岩因风化分解释放CO2、产生酸性矿排水、释出重金属元素等而可能对环境产生严重影响，引起环境问题。开发利用黑色页岩不但要充分认识其资源功能特征，拓宽其应用途径，而且要特别注意其可能引发的环境问题。 相似文献
19.
There is an increasing concern that the current management practices for many coastal regions are unsustainable. Very few
countries have planned to deal with the exacerbation of environmental decline in the face of sea level rise. It is therefore
necessary to assess socioeconomic and environmental impacts of sea level rises to better understand the vulnerability of coastal
zones, as part of devising adaptive and integrated management principles. This paper presents a systematic approach by which
relevant stakeholders can be actively engaged in prioritising flood impact issues and deriving information for quantification
of impacts for adaptation measures and demonstrates the approach through implementation in the Gippsland coastal region. As
outcomes of the project, we have identified key issues of concern for this region for flood impacts and constructed synthetic
response functions for quantification of impacts of floods on some of the key issues in the region. The analysis also showed
that stakeholders consider that some of the issues are not likely to be significantly affected by floods and thus may not
require adaptation measures. The analysis did not provide high agreement on some issues. Different approaches are required
to assess the importance of these issues and to establish impact response functions for them. 相似文献