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1.
伊利石结晶度及其在低温变质研究中若干问题的讨论   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
王河锦  陶晓风  M.Rahn 《地学前缘》2007,14(1):151-156
文中介绍与伊利石结晶度相关的伊利石矿物新的定名方案;讨论了伊利石结晶度的结晶学基础与Scherrer方程式的关系;讨论了三个重要的伊利石结晶度指数Weaver、K櫣bler和Weber指数的关系,并介绍推导的Weaver、K櫣bler和Weber指数的理论关系式;评价了衍射仪测量条件对结晶度数值的影响和三套伊利石结晶度标样的作用以及成岩带、变质带与葡萄石-绿纤石相、沸石相、绿纤石-阳起石亚相对比的依据。建议(1)停用绢云母一词;(2)建立可供各实验室使用的具有晶体结构和晶体化学参数和多型参数的伊利石结晶度标样;(3)建议多开展规范的可进行国际对比的低温变质研究,划分出与国际上一致的成岩带和近变质带,不仅利于低温变质作用理论的研究,而且由于成岩带到近变质转变带是重要的煤气油的生成带,也利于中国煤气油资源的勘探与开发,利于国民经济的长远持续发展。  相似文献   

2.
应用国际标样对伊利石结晶度测定值的校正及其意义   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
伊利石的结晶度(IC),又称Kbler指数(K.I.),是指粘土矿物伊利石10×10-8cmXRD峰的半高宽。作为一个变质程度的指标,结晶度广泛用于研究高级成岩—极低级变质—低级变质作用的演变过程,随着变质程度的提高,伊利石结晶度逐渐增大。根据Kbler的建议,近变质带(极低级变质带)上、下边界的伊利石结晶度分别为0.42(°Δ2θ)和0.25(°Δ2θ)。然而,测定伊利石结晶度时,由于缺少国际标样,且各实验室间的样品制备、仪器条件、测试方法也不相同,因而导致获得的数据有较大差别,缺少可比性;因此,使用国际标样对数据进行校正,使各实验室获得的数据都能直接地进行对比,是非常必要的。利用X射线衍射方法测定了由L.N.Warr提供的5个伊利石结晶度的国际标样(其中,4个为岩石碎屑样品,采自英格兰西南部的极低级变质带;1个为单矿物样品,采自印度的花岗岩),获得了校正方程,ICCIS=0.977IC测定值+0.0336(°Δ2θ),R2=0.9835。在实验室内对213件采自国内的样品进行测定,测试条件与国际标样的测试条件相同,利用此方程对测得的伊利石结晶度数值进行校正,证实本实验室对伊利石结晶度的测定具有较高的可信度和国际可比性。  相似文献   

3.
根据实验结果,衍射峰半高宽随接收狭缝增大而呈二次曲线线性增大.扫描速度与扫描步长的确定应遵守Wang(1994)提出的关系式,并确定在相对误差小于<5%的范围内.固定样品条件,选定最优实验条件和使用国际标样标定系统偏差是伊利石结晶度测量中必不可少的重要步骤.不固定样品条件和实验条件,同一样品的伊利石结晶度值将因条件的变化而不同;固定样品和实验条件而不使用国际标样标定系统偏差,则无法与他人数据进行对比,其结果常常错划近变质带的上下界限,造成成岩/变质界限及近变质/浅变质界限的混乱.  相似文献   

4.
王河锦 《地质学报》2022,96(5):1711-1723
本文集中讨论了甚低级变质作用研究中涉及到的几个问题,包括:① 近变质带的创立及其在解决划分成岩作用与变质作用界线这一国际难题中所取得的进步;② 伊利石结晶度对碎屑岩甚低级变质作用研究起到的作用与贡献;③ 仪器校正、粒度大小及其与Kübler指数的经验关系式;④ 泥质碎屑岩中的成岩指示矿物与变质指示矿物;⑤ 松潘 甘孜、巴颜喀拉造山带的甚低级变质作用的模式与新的成因解释;⑥ 讨论了涉及到的科学研究的相关规则。提出了运用指示矿物结合伊利石结晶度划分成岩作用/变质作用界线的方案和建立喜马拉雅伊利石结晶度标样的重要性与必要性;提出碎屑岩甚低级变质作用的新成因模式。  相似文献   

5.
王河锦  周钊  王玲  苑蕾 《岩石学报》2014,30(10):3013-3020
运用伊利石结晶度、K云母晶格常数b0、应变值τ、颗粒大小分布与矿物组合分析等低温变质指示数据对湘北杨家坪剖面中晚元古宇和下古生界的近变质作用和成岩作用进行了研究。Kisch国际标样用于校正伊利石结晶度的测定。中晚元古宇伊利石结晶度Kübler指数范围为:0.21~0.24°Δ2θ,而下古生界为0.28~0.67°Δ2θ。表明近变质作用影响了中晚元古宇和部分下古生界。按照Kisch国际标样的成岩/变质界限(0.21~0.38°Δ2θ,CuKα),将剖面划分为北部近变质带和中南部成岩带。由绿泥石化学成分地质温度计估计近变质峰期温度约为260℃。K云母晶格常数b0值变化范围0.9000~0.9045nm,平均为0.9017nm,表明近变质作用处于中压-中低压力范围。近变质带伊利石(主要是中晚元古宇)的多型为2M1型,而成岩带伊利石(主要是下古生界)的多型为2M1+1M混合类型。平均对数粒度与对数方差之积(GLR)称为对数总成熟效应具有不同的两组分布特征即近变质作用区(GLR1.88)与成岩作用区(GLR1.88),这是一个新的发现。后变质作用的构造应力不仅可产生断层,而且可引起矿物的应变,从而导致衍射峰的宽化,使得近变质带伊利石结晶度值次生变大到成岩值范畴。与剖面南部地区(长沙-澧陵-浏阳,黄土店-仙溪,沅古坪)比较,杨家坪剖面中晚元古宇和下古生界经历了中压-中低压近变质作用和成岩作用的影响。这一结果与多数前人认为的"元古宇板溪群处于绿片岩相或亚绿片岩相或低绿片岩相而震旦到下古生界为沉积盖层"的观点不同。  相似文献   

6.
本文运用伊利石结晶度、绿泥石结晶度、云母b0值和绿泥石地质温度计研究了梵净山前寒武系甚低级变质作用。结果表明经Kisch伊利石结晶度标样校正的伊利石结晶度Kübler指数为0.20~0.99°Δ2θ,绿泥石结晶度árkai指数为0.22~0.63°Δ2θ。由此阐明梵净山前寒武系经历了成岩作用到浅变质作用的影响,迄今依然保留了成岩带、近变质带和浅变质带的岩石记录。成岩岩石具有伊蒙混层特征成岩指示矿物,浅变质带具有钠云母特征变质指示矿物。钾云母(伊利石)b0值范围为:0.9000~0.9045nm;平均0.9018nm,b0值累积频率曲线分布介于典型中压—中低压系列之间,估算的压力为366MPa。峰期变质温度为293~364℃,平均342℃,古变质温压梯度为27℃/km。近变质带界线穿越地层和梵净山背斜轴线,表明甚低级变质作用为成岩-构造运动同期或后期构造增厚引起下部和底部岩石随温压的升高而产生的。  相似文献   

7.
自1967年Kübler用X射线衍射(XRD)法测量伊利石结晶度以划分极低级变质带以来,伊利石结晶度一直是划分极低级变质带的主要指标。但是不同的人用伊利石结晶度Kübler指数划分变质级的方案不同。因此,尚需要结合岩石学分析方法判定变质级。作为一种尝试,对川西北松潘—阿坝地区红参1井5975m深度内的变泥质岩进行了矿物共生分析。结果表明,钻遇地层遭受了高级近变质作用,只是由于岩石化学成分原因,未能出现泥质岩近变质指示矿物黑硬绿泥石,并未达到浅变质级别,不至于破坏油气的保存。Kisch(1990)提出的变质级划分方案比较符合研究区的实际情况。在极低级变质研究中应用矿物共生分析,一方面可以解决类似的结晶度研究的分歧,另一方面对于指导薄片观察以及X衍射物相分析十分有益。  相似文献   

8.
根据衍射峰具有的不同分布特点推导出了14个伊利石结晶度Kübler指数,Weaver指数和Weber指数关系式中常数项C1-C14的数值,提出了PearsonⅦ分布中形态参数μ与C5,C6,C11,C12的4个定量方程.由此,14个伊利石结晶度指数关系式可直接用于实际计算.根据阿尔卑斯复理石伊利石形态特征Sc=0.731,由这些关系式进行近变质带上下界线的转换得出与Kübler指数0.42~0.25°△2θ界线对应的Weaver指数和Weber指数的界线值分别为5.8~17.6和300~179.讨论了在自然干燥状态下直接进行伊蒙混层鉴定的基本原理.  相似文献   

9.
由伊利石结晶度研究桂西右江地区区域极低级变质作用   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
运用伊利石结晶度Kübler指数将桂西右江地区下三叠统罗楼群和中三叠统百逢组下段划归为浅层变质带(K.I△2θ°为0.22~0.25);将中三叠统百逢组上段和河口组划归为近变质带,中三叠统百逢组上段为高级近变质带(K.I△2θ°为0.26~0.33);中三叠统上部河口组为低级近变质带(K.I△2θ°为0.38~0.40),不排除局部为成岩带的可能.地层柱自下向上,伊利石结晶度Kübler指数由小变大,变质程度由高变低,而且,变质作用级别与岩层在地层柱中位置协调以及变质带边界与地层界线趋于一致,证明为区域埋藏极低级变质作用.凌云明山金矿区剖面矿体和百逢组各层段伊利石结晶度Kübler指数为0.42~0.50,属成岩带,且没有明显时空变化规律.  相似文献   

10.
长沙—澧陵—浏阳—带冷家溪群及板溪群的甚低级变质作用   总被引:13,自引:5,他引:13  
朱明新  王河锦 《岩石学报》2001,17(2):291-300
湘东长沙-澧陵-浏阳一带中晚元古宇的冷家溪群及板溪群遭受了区域甚低级变质作用.在本地区所采的<2μm的样品中,冷家溪群伊利石结晶度的Kübler指数为0.18~0.26°△2θ,板溪群为0.21~0.28°△2θ(Kisch国际标样校正).从而可把本地区冷家溪群的区域变质划归浅变质带和近变质带上部,温度大约为280~400℃.板溪群划归近变质带上部,温度大约为250~300℃.并未普遍达到目前人们认为的绿片岩相或者是低绿片岩相.样品中冷家溪群伊利石(白云母)b0值的范围在0.8999~0.9042 nm,板溪群为0.9018~0.9042nm.由冷家溪群b0频率累积曲线图,得出本区冷家溪群处于较典型的中压区.  相似文献   

11.
Well investigated platforms have been selected in each continent, and the history of Cretaceous transgressions and regressions there is concisely reviewed from the available evidence. The factual records have been summarized into a diagram and the timing of the events correlated between distant as well as adjoining areas.On a global scale, major transgressions were stepwise enlarged in space and time from the Neocomian, via Aptian-Albian, to the Late Cretaceous, and the post-Cretaceous regression was very remarkable. Minor cycles of transgression-regression were not always synchronous between different areas. Some of them were, however, nearly synchronous between the areas facing the same ocean.Tectono-eustasy may have been the main cause of the phenomena of transgression-regression, but certain kinds of other tectonic movements which affected even the so-called stable platforms were also responsible for the phenomena. The combined effects of various causes may have been unusual in the Cretaceous, since it was a period of global tectonic activity. The slowing down of this activity followed by readjustments may have been the cause of the global regression at the end of the Cretaceous.  相似文献   

12.
The Afyon stratovolcano exhibits lamprophyric rocks, emplaced as hydrovolcanic products, aphanitic lava flows and dyke intrusions, during the final stages of volcanic activity. Most of the Afyon volcanics belong to the silica-saturated alkaline suite, as potassic trachyandesites and trachytes, while the products of the latest activity are lamproitic lamprophyres (jumillite, orendite, verite, fitztroyite) and alkaline lamprophyres (campto-sannaite, sannaite, hyalo-monchiquite, analcime–monchiquite). Afyon lamprophyres exhibit LILE and Zr enrichments, related to mantle metasomatism.  相似文献   

13.
正The Precambrian shields and associated suture zones of the globe preserve important records of continental growth and destruction,the formation and closure of ocean basins,and the early evolution of the Earth in terms of tectonics,resources,and environment.They also offer critical clues on the nature and style  相似文献   

14.
正1.Introduction This special issue of Geoscience Frontiers is a tribute volume honoring the life and career of Jacques Touret.A set of research papers has been assembled,which broadly reflect his research interests over his 50 plus year career.These papers focus on the role that fluids play during the formation and evolution of the Earth's crust.Below I provide a brief summary of the life of Jacques Touret,along with a select bibliography of his more important papers.This is then followed by a brief introduction to the papers assembled for this special issue.  相似文献   

15.
正1 AIM AND SCOPE GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS(GSF)is a bi-monthly international journal that publishes in English high quality original research articles and timely reviews in interdisciplinary fields of Earth and Planetary Sciences.GSF aims to bridge innovative,provocative and challenging concepts and models related to various fields of research including petrology and geochemistry in understanding lithospheric architecture and mantle dynamics,global tectonics,economic geology and fuel exploration,geophysics,stratigraphy and paleontology with new  相似文献   

16.
正The world petroleum exploration suggests that,about70%of the world’s potash resources were discovered during oil and gas exploration(Zheng et al.,2007).The Kuqa depression in the Tarim basin is abundant with petroleum exploration data,and  相似文献   

17.
正Qarhan Salt Lake is located in the eastern part of the Qaidam Basin,which is first discovered the large potash deposit in the late 1950s.The Bieletan section is located in the west of Qarhan Salt Lake,where saline sediment  相似文献   

18.
正With the approach of the 45th World Earth Day,China’s Ministry of Land and Resources issued the status of the Chinese geological survey and environments on 22nd April 2013.Regional geological survey in 2013 achieved new results—(why was oceanic in twice?)polar and oceanic expedition were fully completed,a national census of geography was begun,and  相似文献   

19.
正1 Introduction The Lop Nor playa,located in the eastern end of the Tarim Basin,capped with a thick salt crust covering an area of approximately 5,500 km2(Ma 2007)that closely resembles a"Great Ear"in satellite images.Understanding the formation of the salt crust can provide important  相似文献   

20.
In Liaoning, Hunan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Gansu, Sichuan, Anhui, Jilin and other provinces in China, there is a wide occurrence of metal quantity over 1000 tons of refractory gold ores, principally because of low gold recoveries and become "stay mine". Features of refi'actory gold ores are: gold in micro-particles or a microscopic state that is wrapped in pyrite, presence of arsenopyrite and other sulfide minerals or disseminated in the crystal lattice of sulfide minerals; harmful impurity elements such as arsenic, carbon, mercury, antimony, copper with high content are closely related with the gold, and these elements affect the contact reaction between the gold and solvent extraction, making the recovery of the gold extraction process low. In the past 20 years, overseas countries have developed the application of the roasting oxidation method, hot acid (alkali) oxidation, bacterial oxidation and flash chlorination oxidation technology to solve this problem.Among these, biological oxidation has developed rapidly in the domestic market and gold enterprises abroad because of its low investment in infrastructure, low production costs, less environmental pollution, simple process and easy control, etc.  相似文献   

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