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1.
《Applied Geochemistry》2002,17(10):1305-1312
The effect of different drying conditions on the stability of NaNd(CO3)·6H2O and NaEu(CO3)·6H2O and the identity of the decomposition product have been investigated. The rate of decomposition and the nature of the altered phases are dependant on the drying conditions used. When the phases are oven dried at 120 °C, the decomposition is immediate and the phase completely alters to Nd2(CO3)3 or Eu2(CO3)3 respectively. Under less severe drying conditions, the Na rare earth carbonate phases alter to Nd2(CO3)3·8H2O and Eu2(CO3)3·8H2O over a period of 24–48 h, but they can be kept indefinitely in a water saturated environment. The implications for using Nd and Eu as actinide analogues are discussed. 相似文献
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《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1999,63(13-14):1969-1980
The solubility of ettringite (Ca6[Al(OH)6]2(SO4)3 · 26H2O) was measured in a series of dissolution and precipitation experiments at 5–75°C and at pH between 10.5 and 13.0 using synthesized material. Equilibrium was established within 4 to 6 days, with samples collected between 10 and 36 days. The log KSP for the reaction Ca6[Al(OH)6]2(SO4)3 · 26H2O ⇌ 6Ca2+ + 2Al(OH)4− + 3SO42− + 4OH− + 26H2O at 25°C calculated for dissolution experiments (−45.0 ± 0.2) is not significantly different from the log KSP calculated for precipitation experiments (−44.8 ± 0.4) at the 95% confidence level. There is no apparent trend in log KSP with pH and the mean log KSP,298 is −44.9 ± 0.3. The solubility product decreased linearly with the inverse of temperature indicating a constant enthalpy of reaction from 5 to 75°C. The enthalpy and entropy of reaction ΔH°r and ΔS°r, were determined from the linear regression to be 204.6 ± 0.6 kJ mol−1 and 170 ± 38 J mol−1 K−1. Using our values for log KSP, ΔH°r, and ΔS°r and published partial molal quantities for the constituent ions, we calculated the free energy of formation ΔG°f,298, the enthalpy of formation ΔH°f,298, and the entropy of formation ΔS°f,298 to be −15211 ± 20, −17550 ± 16 kJ mol−1, and 1867 ± 59 J mol−1 K−1. Assuming ΔCP,r is zero, the heat capacity of ettringite is 590 ± 140 J mol−1 K−1. 相似文献
3.
An in situ high-pressure (HP) X-ray diffraction investigation of synthetic diopside and of the Ca0.8Mg1.2Si2O6 clinopyroxene (Di80En20) was performed up to respectively P=40.8 and 15.1 GPa, using high brilliance synchrotron radiation. The compression of the cell parameters is markedly anisotropic,
with βb ⋙ βc > βa > βasinβ for any pressure range and for both diopside and Di80En20. The compressibility along the crystallographic axes decreases significantly with pressure and is higher in Di80En20 than in diopside. The β cell parameter decreases as well with pressure, at a higher rate in Di80En20. The cell volume decreases at almost the same rate for the two compositions, since in diopside a higher compression along
a* occurs. A change in the mechanism of deformation at P higher than about 5–10 GPa is suggested for both compositions from the analysis of the strain induced by compression. In
diopside at lower pressures, the deformation mainly occurs, at a similar rate, along the b axis and at a direction 145° from the c axis on the (0 1 0) plane. At higher pressures, instead, the deformation occurs mostly along the b axis. In Di80En20 the orientation of the strain axes is the same as in diopside. The substitution of Ca with Mg in the M2 site induces at a
given pressure a higher deformation on (0 1 0) with respect to diopside, but a similar change in the compressional behaviour
is found. Changes in the M2 polyhedron with pressure can explain the above compressional behaviour. A third-order Birch-Murnaghan
equation of state was fit to the retrieved volumes, with K=105.1(9) GPa, K′=6.8(1) for diopside and K=107.3(1.4) GPa, K′=5.7(3)
for Di80En20; the same equation can be applied for any pressure range. The elasticity of diopside is therefore not significantly affected
by Mg substitution into the M2 site, in contrast to the significant stiffening occurring for Ca substitution into Mg-rich
orthopyroxenes.
Received: 3 January 2000 / Accepted: 21 May 2000 相似文献
4.
David A. McKeown Charles C. Kim Michael I. Bell 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1995,22(3):137-144
The normal modes of vibration and their frequencies are calculated for dioptase, a mineral whose crystal structure (space group R
or C
3i
2
) consists of puckered six-membered silicate rings (Si6O18) linked by Cu2+ ions and H2O groups. The calculation employs a valence force potential consisting of central interactions between nearest neighbors and bond-bending interactions centered at the Si4+ and Cu2+ ions. The force constants are determined by fitting the calculated frequencies to values obtained by measuring the single-crystal Raman spectra. The calculated frequencies are in reasonable agreement with experiment, permitting assignment of normal modes to the observed spectral frequencies. Considerable mixing of Cu and H2O motions with those of the ring is found for the Raman-active modes below 430 cm-1. The normal modes and frequencies of the hypothetical isolated ring with C
3i
symmetry are determined by neglecting all interactions between the rings and the surrounding Cu and H2O. The identification of normal modes characteristic of the puckered six-membered silicate rings and the effect of the environment on these modes may prove useful in the interpretation of the Raman spectra of amorphous silicates. 相似文献
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一九八○年,四川省地矿局中心实验室在研究四川甘孜白玉麻邓呷村多金属矿床的物质成分及银的赋存状态时,发现了一个新矿物,后命名为甘孜矿。经过较长时间反复研究,直到最近才决定报国际矿物协会(IMA)。但我国新矿物及矿物命名委员会告知,加拿大J.D.Scott等在一九八三年就以曼纳德石(Mannardite)(BaTi_6V_2~(3+)O_(16))上报IMA的CNMN了,故不再另取名。但在我国四川产出的曼纳德石与位拿大产出的不尽相同。现将对该矿物的研究成果作如下简介。 相似文献
8.
I. A. Kiseleva L. P. Ogorodova L. V. Melchakova M. R. Bisengalieva N. S. Becturganov 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1992,19(5):322-333
The thermodynamic properties of the copper carbonates malachite and azurite have been studied by adiabatic calorimetry, by heat-flux Calvet Calorimetry, by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and by thermogravimetrie (TGA) analysis. The heat capacities, C p 0 of natural malachite and azurite have been measured between 3.8 and 300 K by low-temperature adiabatic calorimetry. The heat capacity of azurite exhibits anomalous behavior at low temperatures. At 298.15 K the molar heat capacities C p 0 and the third law entropies S 298.15 0 are 228.5±1.4 and 254.4±3.8 J mol?1 K?1 for azurite and 154.3±0.93 and 166.3±2.5 J mol?1 K?1 for malachite. Enthalpies of solution at 973 K in lead borate 2PbO·B2O3 have been measured for heat treated malachite and azurite. The enthalpies of decomposition are 105.1±5.8 for azurite and 66.1±5.0 kJ mol? for malachite. The enthalpies of formation from oxides of azurite and malachite determined by oxide melt solution calorimetry, are ?84.7±7.4 and ?52.5±5.9 kJ mol?1, respectively. On the basis of the thermodynamic data obtained, phase relations of azurite and malachite in the system Cu2+-H2O-CO2 at 25 and 75 °C have been studied. 相似文献
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刁飞一ISON WITH THOSE OF NEIGHBORINGAREAS(AMCS,ISSN 1000一0674,CN32一1 1 89,12(4),1995,p.349一373,2 graPhs,4tables,35 ref,wirh English abstraet)962146 Shang Ping(Fuxin Institute of Mi-n ing and‘I’eehnology,Fuxin,Liaoning)THE NATURE AND CHARACTERS OFTHE EARLY CRETACEOUS FLORAFROM THE PINGZHUANG BASIN,IN-NER MONGOLIA(GR,ISSN 0371一5736,CN 11一1 952/P,41(6),1995,P.533一536,1table,6 ref,with English abstraer)962144 Tong Guobang(Institute o… 相似文献
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980326 Chen Jianqiang(China University ofGeoseienees,Beijing)The MicroskeletalStruCtUreS ofM公k耐t勿LavruseviCh(Rugosa)(Aeta Palaeontologieal Siniea,ISSN 0001一6616,CN 32一1188,36(4),1 997,p.446一452,2 tables,2 Plates,18ref) Maikottia Lavrusevieh 1 967 15 a group ofPeeuliar fossil eystiPhyllids,usually in eerioideompound forms with eystiPhylloid septa eom-posed of eomposite rhabdaeanthines,rangingfrom Lower Silurian(Llandovery series)toUPPer Silurian(Ludlow series)in theYangtze … 相似文献
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971349 Che;19 Jie(China Universityseienees,Beijing)The MammaljanShowjng ClimatieF盆uetuat应on—ExamPle of the Early Pleistoceneof Ge。FaunaS AS anMam-malian Faunas from Zhoukoudian,Beijing,China(ESI矛,ISSN 1 005一2321,CN 11一3370/P,4(2),1997,p·275一279,1 graph,1 table,10 ref) By analyses of the four local marnmalianfaunas from Zhoukoudian,Beijing,the EarlyPleistoeene elimatie and eeologieal environ-CN 11一1 905/Q1 53,1 graph,1735(2).1997,P.145一mental ehangespaper.One of1 .90M… 相似文献
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peldense,X.yixianenese,X.fuxinense sP.nov.and X.h:‘011,Zhe,,se sP.nov.In addi~,一on,rwo other sPeezes rePorred by prev一ousaurhors were also ldenrifled as X.‘o),ch夕l;a,,u,):and X.l;ao,,z,之ge,zse .Thepalaeoeeologieal envlronmenr model and phy-logeno51s of the genus Xeno了夕10,,aro analyzedand dlseussed irlt}115 paper.20001600 Ding Qiuhong(Shenyang Institureof Geology and Mineral Resourees,Shenyang,Liaoning);Zheng Shaolin Meso-zoic Fossil Woods of Genus Xenoxylon fromNortheast Chi… 相似文献
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980318 Jiao Jianwei(YuanPing IndustrialSchool,YuanPing,Shanxi)The Discovery ofthe Oldest MegasPore“Qiuguo”of PermianStratum of Don梦han,Taiyuan and its Ev企lut五on Slgnifieanee(Journal of Geology andM inera!Resourees of North China,ISSN1005一2682,CN14一1192/P,12(4),1997,P.315一318,1 Plate,11 ref) The Cyeas megasPore leaf was firstlyfound in Lower Permian stratum of Dong-shan,Taiyuan of Shanxi Provinee.It showsthatt蚤le eone一shaped strueture was possiblyMediterranean eurre[1… 相似文献
17.
Bernd Wunder 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1998,132(2):111-120
The water-pressure and temperature stability fields of clinohumite-OH, chondrodite-OH and phase A were determined in reversed
equilibrium experiments up to 100 kbar within the system MgO–SiO2–H2O. Their PT-fields differ from results from former synthesis experiments. Bracketing experiments on the reaction phase A + low P-clinoenstatite ⇆ forsterite + water resulted in a slightly steeper dP/dT-slope compared to earlier experiments for this equilibrium. Clinohumite-OH and chondrodite-OH both have large stability fields
which extend over pressure ranges of more than 80 kbar. However, they are hardly relevant as hydrous minerals within the subducted
oceanic lithosphere. Both are too Mg-rich for a typical mantle bulk composition. In addition, the dehydration of subducted
oceanic lithosphere – due to (forsterite + water)-forming reactions – will occur before the two humite-group phases even become
stable. Restricted to the cool region of cold subducting slabs, phase A, however, might be formed via the reactions phase
A + low P-/high P-clinoenstatite ⇆ forsterite + water or antigorite + brucite ⇆ phase A + water, before dehydration of the oceanic lithosphere
occurs.
Received: 22 July 1997 / Accepted: 12 March 1998 相似文献
18.
Polarized single crystal absorption spectra, in the spectral range 40 000–5 000 cm-1, were obtained on Co2+ in trigonally distorted octahedral oxygen fields of buetschliite-type K2Co(SeO3)2 (I), K2Co2(SeO3)3 (II) and zemannite-type K2Co2(SeO3)3 · 2H2O (III). Site symmetries of Co2+ are
m (D3d) in I, 3m (C3v) in II, and 3 (C3) in III. The spectra can be interpreted on the basis of an electric dipole mechanism, wherein transitions of Co2+ in the centrosymmetric site in I gain intensity from dynamic removal of the inversion centre by vibronic coupling. In accordance with the elongation of the CoO6 octahedra along the trigonal axis, the split component E(g) of the ground state 4T1g in octahedral fields is the ground state in all three compounds. Trigonal field parameters Dq(trig), D, D and the Racah parameters B have been fitted to the energies of spin allowed transitions (293 K) as follows: I: 744, 94, -16, and 838 cm-1, resp.; II: 647, 227, 42, and 798 cm-1, resp.; III: 667, 181, 21, and 809 cm-1, respectively. Racah parameters C were estimated from the energy of some observed spin-forbidden transitions to be 3770 (I), 3280 (II), and 3465 cm-1 (III). Values of Dq and of the Racah parameters B and C indicate slight differences of Co2+-O bonding in I as compared to II and III, with somewhat higher covalency in compounds II and III which contain face-sharing CoO6 octahedra with short Co-Co contacts. Also, in II and III the observed D values do not agree with theoretical D values, predicted from the magnitude of the mean octahedral distortions. 相似文献
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Dawei Fan Shuyi Wei Maining Ma Zhiqiang Chen Baosheng Li Hongsen Xie 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2014,41(2):85-90
The compression behavior of a synthetic Ca4La6(SiO4)6(OH)2 has been investigated to about 9.33 GPa at 300 K using in situ angle-dispersive X-ray diffraction and a diamond anvil cell. No phase transition has been observed within the pressure range investigated. The values of zero-pressure volume V 0, K 0, and $K_{0}^{'}$ refined with a third-order Birch–Murnaghan equation of state are V 0 = 579.2 ± 0.1 Å3, K 0 = 89 ± 2 GPa, and $K_{0}^{'} = 10.9 \pm 0.8$ . If $K_{0}^{'}$ is fixed at 4, K 0 is obtained as 110 ± 2 GPa. Analysis of axial compressible modulus shows that the a-axis (K a0 = 79 ± 2 GPa) is more compressible than the c-axis (K c0 = 121 ± 7 GPa). A comparison between the high-pressure elastic response of Ca4La6(SiO4)6(OH)2 and the iso-structural calcium apatites is made. The possible reasons of the different elastic behavior between Ca4La6(SiO4)6(OH)2 and calcium apatites are discussed. 相似文献