共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
鄂尔多斯盆地子洲-清涧地区上古生界山32段储层砂岩成岩作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
鄂尔多斯盆地子洲-清涧地区上古生界山 32段砂岩储层以石英砂岩为主,其次为岩屑质石英砂岩和岩屑砂岩.目前储层正处于晚成岩阶段B期,成岩作用类型包括压实作用、胶结作用、交代作用和溶蚀作用,机械压实作用、压溶作用和自生黏土矿物的胶结作用是低孔低渗储层形成的主要原因,成岩晚期的溶蚀作用大大改善了砂岩储层的储集空间.根据成岩作用的特点,将研究区山 32段划分出5个成岩相:压实压溶相、弱压实-硅质胶结相、弱压实-自生黏土矿物胶结相、弱压实-碳酸盐胶结相、弱压实-溶蚀相.压实压溶相储层物性最差;弱压实-硅质胶结相、弱压实-自生黏土矿物胶结相和弱压实-碳酸盐胶结相储层的孔隙度、渗透率总体也很低;弱压实-溶蚀相储层的储集空间最发育、连通性最好,孔隙类型以粒间孔、粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔为主. 相似文献
2.
Basin-Mod软件模拟显示东濮凹陷35Ma左右孔隙流体已出现较高异常压力，综合分析表明欠压实作用是发育异常高压的主要机制，处于异常高压带内的泥岩存在微裂隙带，是异常高压流体压裂的直接结果并可以成为流体运移的通道，通过典型研究区砂岩压实（溶）量，压实－胶结关系，沉积参数－储集物性的对比，表明异常高压流体的确对砂岩的压实作用具有抑制作用，另一方面，自生石英流体包体均一温度大部分在105－145℃之间，频数呈多峰式展布，可能显示幕式流体活动。该温度范围内由于没有有机酸的大规模生产，泥岩频繁发生的幕式流体泄压活动，使得富含CO3^2-的高压流体在注入砂岩（低压区）孔隙后易与Ca^2 ,Mg^2 ,Fe^2 等离子结合，导致砂岩储层发生强烈的（晚期）碳酸盐沉淀和胶结作用。 相似文献
3.
鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组机械压实作用与
砂岩致密过程及对致密化影响程度 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
近年来,随着致密砂岩油气藏研究的不断深入,亟需明确致密砂岩储层致密化机理,从而更好地利于致密砂岩油气藏的勘探与开发。机械压实作用通常被理解为中浅层砂岩所经历的主要成岩作用,而深层的机械压实作用长期以来被人们所忽视。为探讨机械压实作用在砂岩致密过程中的作用及对致密化的影响程度,本次研究以鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组致密砂岩为例,通过井孔浅层与深层孔隙度变化趋势分析、镜下岩石结构的证据和砂岩压实模拟实验3个方面对延长组致密砂岩储层机械压实作用特征进行了分析。研究发现砂岩在深层与浅层压实减孔趋势一致或平行;随着上覆压力的增加,砂岩一直表现为减孔效应且机械压实作用强度随埋深的增加而变大;薄片特征显示延长组致密砂岩机械压实作用存在分级特征,不同级别的压实强度对应一定的镜下压实特征,通过统计薄片数据发现样品都处于压实作用与胶结作用对孔隙度影响评价图(Houseknecht图版)的左下区域。结果表明砂岩在埋藏致密化过程中自始至终存在机械压实作用,并且机械压实作用是导致砂岩致密减孔最重要的原因,远远超过胶结作用产生的减孔效应。由于砂岩孔隙度演化不仅与埋深有关,同样受到地质时间的影响,本次研究通过数学推导建立了砂岩孔隙度时间埋深双元函数模型,进而通过孔隙度双元函数可以对压实减孔进行定量分析,表征机械压实作用对砂岩致密化过程的影响程度。 相似文献
4.
川口油田长6储层成岩作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
详细分析了川口油田长6储层的成岩作用类型、储层物性演化及影响因素。通过岩石学、铸体薄片、电镜扫描等研究方法说明川口油田长6储层主要成岩作用包括压实-压溶作用、胶结作用、交代蚀变作用及溶蚀作用等,成岩阶段属晚成岩A期。其中,机械压实作用、化学胶结作用是导致砂岩孔隙度降低、储集性能变差的主要因素。机械压实作用主要表现为软碎屑的塑性变形、颗粒间由点接触向凹凸接触演变;胶结作用表现为浊沸石、绿泥石、粘土矿物、碳酸盐胶结;石英和长石的次生加大、溶蚀作用特别是浊沸石的溶蚀在一定程度上提高和改善了砂岩储集性能。结果表明,影响储层物性的主要因素为沉积作用和成岩作用。 相似文献
5.
6.
四川广安地区须家河组四段储层成岩作用与孔隙演化 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
四川广安地区上三叠统须家河组四段砂岩储层是四川盆地内主要的天然气储层之一, 其储集岩主要为细-中粒岩屑砂岩、岩屑长石砂岩及石英砂岩, 该砂岩储层具有低孔隙度、低渗透率的特点。在对该区上三叠统须家河组气藏宏观沉积特征研究的基础上, 采用岩石薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜及X射线衍射等方法, 对该气藏储层的成岩作用、孔隙演化及其对储集物性的影响进行了探讨, 认为研究区砂岩经历了压实压溶作用、胶结作用、交代作用、溶解作用以及破裂等多重成岩作用, 已达到了中成岩阶段B亚期。成岩作用是控制该区储层物性的一个关键因素, 在孔隙演化过程中, 压实压溶、胶结作用主要起破坏性作用; 而溶蚀作用、环边绿泥石胶结主要起建设性作用。 相似文献
7.
鄂尔多斯盆地马家滩地区石盒子组是天然气的重点勘探层位。对马家滩地区石盒子组的岩石学特征和成岩作用研究表明,石盒子组的储层岩石类型主要为石英砂岩、岩屑石英砂岩,少量的长石岩屑砂岩。储层砂岩的成岩作用类型主要有压实和压溶、石英次生加大、胶结、溶解。根据成岩作用特征,建立了研究区储层砂岩的成岩共生序列: 自生伊利石--自生绿泥石--石英次生加大--高岭石--方解石。鄂尔多斯盆地作为中国CO2 地下埋藏的潜在目标区,开展CO2 可能埋藏层段的岩石学特征和成岩作用研究,可为CO2 地质储存的数值模拟研究提供岩石学信息。 相似文献
8.
通过对取芯井砂岩镜下特征及孔隙度渗透率变化的分析,研究了北黄海盆地东部坳陷下白垩统砂岩的成岩作用及其储层意义。结果显示,储层砂岩类型以长石砂岩、长石石英砂岩和岩屑石英砂岩为主,处于中成岩作用阶段的A亚期末期至B亚期早期。主要的成岩作用类型有压实作用、压溶作用、胶结作用、交代作用、蚀变作用、溶蚀作用和重结晶作用,主要孔隙类型有粒间孔隙、粒内孔隙、填隙物内孔隙和次生裂缝。长石砂岩是主要储层。压实作用、压溶作用、胶结作用和重结晶作用使砂岩孔隙度减小,降低了储层物性,起到破坏性作用;交代作用、蚀变作用和溶蚀作用使砂岩孔隙度增大,改善了储层物性,起到建设性作用。孔隙度和渗透率整体上由浅变深而呈现由大到小趋势,在深度为3 000~3 020 m和3 140~3 250 m时出现异常高值,孔隙度与渗透率的异常高值带是次生孔隙发育带。 相似文献
9.
通过取心井常规薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X衍射等资料的分析,研究了塔里木盆地塔中地区古生界碎屑岩成岩作用及其对储层发育的影响。研究结果显示,研究区碎屑岩储层处于中成岩A期,且经历的主要成岩作用有压实与压溶作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用、交代作用和重结晶作用等。另外,这些成岩作用对储集层孔隙发育及储层性质具有明显的影响:压实与压溶作用、交代、胶结作用、石英长石的次生加大以及重结晶作用使储层孔隙体积减小、物性变差,如压实与压溶作用使本区储层孔隙度损失14.1%~25.3%,交代、胶结作用使孔隙度损失13.9%;溶蚀作用是增加储集空间、改善储层物性最重要的成岩作用,如石英、长石及岩屑颗粒的溶蚀作用使储层产生次生孔隙,导致本区储层孔隙度平均增加6%~8%。 相似文献
10.
正演模式下成岩作用的温压效应机理探讨与启示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探讨核心地质要素对成岩作用的影响,本文选取硅质人造砂为研究对象,从正演物理模拟的角度定量研究成岩作用对温度、压力与时间的响应特征。实验结果表明:硅质人造砂岩压实作用强度与压力、温度具有正相关关系,石英等自生矿物结晶度对温度响应明显,非晶态硅质向晶态转化的模拟温度应低于400℃。在温度一定情况下,矿物结晶与压力呈抛物线型关系,存在优势压力区间,硅质结晶对应的压力在137.5 MPa左右,压力对成岩作用贡献包括压实作用与热能效应两个方面,以压实作用为主;在成岩作用过程中,反应时间可适当补偿温压不足造成的成岩效应差异,其对化学成岩作用贡献大于压实作用。相关成果可为成岩作用数值模拟与定量研究提供参考,进一步推动成岩作用机理的深化研究。 相似文献
11.
Osmotic phenomena refer to water and solute transport processes that occur when transport of solute molecules or ions is restricted by the porous medium relative to that of water molecules. Chemical osmosis and reverse osmosis/ultrafiltration are osmotic phenomena. The studies of “coupled flow” caused by chemical osmosis have been widely applied in many fields, such as earth science, environmental science and civil engineering. This paper provided a review of the considerable advances in the field of chemical osmosis and clay semipermeable membrane since the 1950s. We summarized the research progress of chemical osmosis in clayey sediments into three aspects: theoretical basis, experimental research and numerical model. In particular, the laboratory equipment and measurement methods of the chemico-osmotic efficiency coefficient σ were described,. The existing discontinuous models based on the ‘diffusive double layer’ theory were summerized, as well as the various control factors of σ. It increases with Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), compaction pressure and decreases by the increasing of porosity and solution concentration. This paper also summerized the contimuum models based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics, which are used to explain and predict anomalies of hydraulic head pressure and salinity in clayey environments. For the future development of this discipline, it is critical to find a reliable method to confirm the σ value. It is also critical to emphasize the research on chemical osmosis in complex conditions and the influence of chemical osmosis on groundwater flow and solute transpotation. China has just stepped into this research area and more efforts should be made if significant progress is desired. This review will be helpful to further research on groundwater numerical simulation integrated with chemical osmosis in China. 相似文献
12.
A fully implicit, fully coupled, and fully consistent finite element framework has been formulated in part I of this work for modeling reservoir compaction through linearizing coupled solid and flow field equations and constructing a local material integrator. In part II of this work, we focus on verification and performance analysis of our numerical formulation and computer implementation using several numerical examples. First, we design a cube problem in triaxial compression to verify our numerical formulation and computer code implementation especially for rock formation in compaction using cap plasticity models. The finite element prediction on stresses is compared with the analytical solution. The second problem we select is a strip footing problem popular in the geotechnical area where the evolution of soil consolidation degrees following the diffusion of pore pressure is the main interest. In this example, we demonstrate a good performance of the proposed numerical formulation on solving different shear and compaction-dominated deformation behaviors by varying the footing length. Importantly, an extremely sharp cap model based on real experimental data for Leda clays, a challenging cap model, is successfully applied in this footing problem. Our focus in this work is to model field reservoirs undergoing serious compaction. A reservoir with complex payzone geometries, multiple horizontal wells, and cap plasticity models with sharp cap surfaces has been successfully solved using our fully implicit formulation. The last example is to model a horizontal wellbore damage problem. Finally, the sensitivity of predicted subsidence to nonlinear flow model, cap hardening parameters, and Lode angles have been systemically investigated and documented in detail, which can provide a constructive guidance on how to successfully model field reservoir compaction problems with cap plasticity models. 相似文献
13.
The evolution of fluid chemistry in compacting rock is controlled by coupled chemical processes and rock deformation. In order to characterize this evolution, we conducted water-rock interaction experiments using quartz aggregates at 150 °C and effective pressure of 34.5 MPa. A coupled fluid flow, chemical reaction, and creep compaction model is developed, in which both free-surface reaction and grain-contact dissolution are considered as system volume and porosity evolve.The direct experimental measurement and numerical modeling indicate that effective pressure has significant effects on pore-fluid chemistry. At the early stages of compaction, pore fluids are supersaturated with respect to bulk quartz. With increasing compaction and time, solute concentrations gradually decrease to saturated conditions. Supersaturation is caused mainly by dissolution of ultrafines and high-energy, unstable surfaces which are produced by stress concentrations at grain contacts during the very early stages of compaction. Grain-contact dissolution also contributes to the solute increase in pore fluid in the early stage of compaction, but the effect is small compared to that of ultrafines and unstable surfaces and only slight supersaturation can be produced by it. The gradual decrease in pore-fluid concentration is related to the mechanical removal of ultrafines by pore-fluid flow and the dissolution of ultrafines and unstable surfaces. It also results from the lessening of grain-contact dissolution.Pore fluids in compacting sedimentary basins of quartz sandstone are nearly saturated throughout most of diagenetic processes. Ultrafines and unstable surfaces produced by stress appear not to be the major sources of quartz cement. 相似文献
14.
裂缝是影响致密砂岩储层高产及稳产的关键。在对国内外该类储层裂缝研究现状系统调研及近期成果全面分析的基础上,深入分析了裂缝的类型及形成机理。分别从地质、测井、地震及实验等方面详细论述了致密砂岩储层裂缝的识别方法;基于野外露头、岩心及薄片观察、构造曲率、常规及特殊测井等方法可以获得储层裂缝密度、张开度、产状、组系及方向等主要特征参数;地质分析、构造曲率估算、纵波各向异性分析、地震相干体及倾角非连续性裂缝检测、构造应力场模拟等是裂缝分布预测的有效技术方法。综合分析认为,目前对国内海相和海陆过渡相煤系地层中的致密砂岩储层裂缝研究相对较少;尚未形成一套针对各类型沉积相及构造演化背景条件下的致密砂岩储层裂缝识别的有效方法及标准参数体系;对致密储层裂缝差异充填机制及微裂缝定量识别与表征缺少系统研究;地震裂缝识别的精度不高。指出各类裂缝研究方法相互结合、裂缝识别标准与参数体系建立、微裂缝研究、裂缝发育程度与主控因素间定量关系分析、提高地震预测裂缝的分辨率、水力缝与天然裂缝及地应力之间的耦合关系研究为致密砂岩储层裂缝研究的未来发展趋势。 相似文献
15.
Shadi S. Najjar 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2013,31(2):355-386
This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of published research papers and reports that focus on the modeling, testing, and analysis of soft clays that are reinforced with sand/stone columns in relation to bearing capacity and settlement considerations. The review is presented in chronological order to shed light on the development of this field of research in the last 40+ years. The objective of the study is to assemble published results from field, laboratory, and numerical investigations of sand/stone columns in clay in one resource to provide future researchers and designers with easy access to information and data. The majority of the reviewed papers include an experimental component that is based on field or laboratory scale tests (1-g, triaxial, or centrifuge) conducted on clay specimens reinforced with partially or fully penetrating, encased or ordinary, stone or sand columns that were installed as single columns or as column groups. Some papers included numerical experiments that were based on finite element models, while others presented analytical solutions for modeling the response of the composite system. A compilation of the important findings from physical, numerical, and analytical models in addition to a summary table that facilitates access to information from various research efforts are presented in the paper. 相似文献
16.
Emad S. AlHomadhi 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(7):2871-2879
In sandstone, there is a trend between porosity (?) and permeability (k). It is a linear relationship having the form log (k)?=?a?+?(b ?). The slope, intercept, and degree of scatter of the log(k)???? trends vary from formation to another. These variations are attributed to differences in initial grain size and sorting, diagenetic history, cementation, clay content, pore geometry, and compaction history. In the literature, permeability and porosity modeling by using lab experiments was carried out by using unconsolidated sandstone, sand packs, or synthetic particles. Such models cannot be applied to predict flow properties of consolidated natural sandstone. Furthermore in these models, sand grain size, shape, and sorting factors were considered as the main factors that affect porosity and permeability. Hardly, any attention was paid to the confining pressure and the fraction of cementing material that bind the grain to form a coherent rock. If these two crucial aspects are not taken into consideration during the model development, the model cannot be applied to natural consolidated sandstone. The main objective of the present paper is to develop a new model for porosity versus permeability taking into account important factors such as sand grain size and sorting, compaction pressure, and concentration of cementing material that bind the sand grains. The effect for clay swelling or migration was however discarded, as the sand grains were washed prior to consolidation. The sand used in producing the sandstone cores was medium- to fine-sized well-sorted sand grains. The grain’s sphericity was measured to be in the range of (0.8–0.9) with little angularity. The fabricated cores have an average compressive strength of 5,700 psi, which is comparable with Bera sandstone strength. Also, the produced cores were stable in the fluid media as they were subjected to 300 °C to allow cementing material to be crystallized. The aspect of the present work was to analyze the dependence of both the permeability as well as the porosity on the variables of the present study that consist of grain size, cementation fraction, and the confining pressure. Using the experimental data, a linear relationship, in terms of each variable, was developed here that can eventually help researchers to fabricate cores with desired properties. The second step was to generate more general models to be used as references for scholars for further work in this research field. Nonlinear regression analysis was carried out on all the three variables of the present study to obtain two nonlinear correlations: one describes the behavior of permeability and the other describes porosity. In the third step, an advanced correlation that describes permeability versus porosity in a quantitative manner was developed by using nonlinear regression analysis. Permeability was studied accordingly as a function of all the three variables of the present study as well as porosity. This step represents the main objective of this paper. 相似文献
17.
18.
沉积盆地碎屑岩地层孔隙度演化模型分析——以鄂尔多斯盆地延长组为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
碎屑岩地层孔隙度演化特征的研究已经从定性分析向定量化方向发展,掌握了地层孔隙度在地史过程中的演化规律有助于深化油气成藏机理的认识。本文分别以鄂尔多斯盆地镇泾地区延长组8段砂岩和姬塬地区延长组7段泥岩为研究对象,以现今孔隙度特征为切入点,以地史时间为主线,分别建立了适用于砂岩孔隙度和泥岩孔隙度演化的数学模型。砂岩孔隙度演化模型是总体减孔效应和局部增孔效应数学模型的叠加,前者主要受机械压实和化学压实作用的影响,而后者以溶蚀作用为主。泥岩孔隙度是正常压实趋势下孔隙度演化模型与欠压实段孔隙度增量模型的叠加。 相似文献
19.
沙特鲁卜哈里盆地Unayzah组是中东地区重要的含油气层位,野外地质调查研究和钻井地质研究的结果表明,Unayzah组的沉积环境是在干旱条件下沉积的风成沙丘、干盐湖、季节性辫状河流以及风化壳。由于Unayzah组砂岩中石英含量比较高,岩石类型主要为石英砂岩,成岩作用较为简单,成岩作用对储层的改造和影响比较小。储集空间类型主要为粒间孔隙。Unayzah组是鲁卜哈里盆地油气勘探的主要目的层。 相似文献