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玄武岩中刚玉巨晶的包体研究：Ⅰ.更长石包体的发现及意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文对山东昌乐碱性玄武岩中刚玉巨晶的更长石包体及同一地区产出的歪长石巨晶进行了电子探针、红外吸收光谱测定,讨论了更长石包体与刚玉巨晶、歪长石巨晶间的成因关系,认为刚玉巨品、歪长石巨晶以及玄武岩中的其他巨晶构成了一个结晶序列,歪长石相对较晚结晶。 相似文献
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山东昌乐新生代玄武岩中发育大量长石、辉石和刚玉巨晶。前人的研究多集中在辉石和刚玉上,而长石巨晶的来源仍存在争议。本文对新生代玄武岩岩石学、地球化学,以及长石巨晶矿物特征、包裹体成分和原位主微量元素进行了系统分析,结果显示：长石巨晶主要存在于K2O和Na2O含量较高、SiO2含量较低的碧玄岩中。背散射图像下长石巨晶无环带,存在长石、辉石微晶及玻璃质组成的反应边。巨晶原位主量元素分析表明：长石为歪长石,An值为4.76%～5.62%,Ab值为49.81%～71.89%,巨晶核部Mg、Fe、Na、Al、K等元素及An、Ab的含量处于小范围内的无序波动状态,无明显的变化规律,可能为地幔环境下结晶的高温无序矿物;长石巨晶富集轻稀土元素（LREE）,亏损重稀土元素（HREE）,具有明显的Eu正异常（δEu=12.37～26.22）, Sm、 Nd、 Gd相对亏损,核部稀土元素总量较低,ΣREE=1.98×10-6～2.46×10-6,LREE/HREE=21.71～76.51,（La/Yb... 相似文献
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新生代碱性玄武岩中,高压巨晶分布比较广泛,它们常与二辉橄榄岩包体伴生。研究这些巨晶,对了解玄武岩浆形成和演化历史,解决深部成岩作用和岩浆结晶分离过程具有很大意义。伊通火山群[1]含上地幔包体的玄武岩火山锥普遍含高压巨晶,它们是普通辉石、钠透长石和铁黑云母。小孤山火山锥含巨晶达1％,为钠透长石和普通辉石组合,尖山火山锥含巨晶2％,为钠透长石+普通辉石+铁黑云母组合。大孤山东山、 相似文献
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本文根据对苏联托勒巴契克火山(1975-1976年喷发)拉长石巨晶火山砾中岩浆包裹体的研究结果,重溯该类拉长石巨晶结晶生长的热历史及其形成过程。从拉长石巨晶的中心到边缘,随着结晶温度降低(1220→1160℃)化学成分逐渐贫钙(An_(62.7)→An_(57.2) )。岩浆包裹体的化学成分表明,该类拉长石巨晶于一种碱性玄武质熔浆中结晶,尔后由火山爆发作用抛出地表。作者直接利用岩浆包裹体中所捕获的天然熔浆进行实验岩石学研究,重现了天然岩浆的结晶、演化过程。实验研究还查明了该类火山砾所经受的最后热事件,从晶体边缘到中心的最大热梯度为110℃。拉长石巨晶的边缘部分在1160℃遭受淬冷,从而使得该带中的岩浆包裹体为非演化型单相玻璃包裹体;中心部分在1220至1050℃间缓慢冷却,所含包裹体属演化型。托勒巴契克火山拉长石巨晶火山砾形成过程中,温度和冷却速率乃是控制其结晶生长的主导因素。 相似文献
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玄武岩中的"巨晶",因矿物颗粒粗大而得名,通常是指那些相对于玄武岩斑晶,形成深度较大即结晶于较高压力环境,个体粗大的单矿物晶体.因此,通常用高压巨晶来描述玄武岩中这些个体粗大的单矿物晶体(鄂莫岚和赵大升,1987),如单斜辉石巨晶、透长石/歪长石巨晶、石榴子石巨晶、锆石巨晶和蓝宝石等,其中以单斜辉石巨晶最为常见.华北克拉通中部中生代岩石圈地幔的性质: 相似文献
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本文根据对苏联托勒巴契克火山(1975—1976年喷发)拉长石巨晶火山砾中岩浆包裹体的研究结果,重溯该类拉长石巨晶结晶生长的热历史及其形成过程。从拉长石巨晶的中心到边缘,随着结晶温度降低(1220→1160℃)化学成分逐渐贫钙(An_(62.7)→An_(57.2))。岩浆包裹体的化学成分表明,该类拉长石巨晶于一种碱性玄武质熔浆中结晶,尔后由火山爆发作用抛出地表。作者直接利用岩浆包裹体中所捕获的天然熔浆进行实验岩石学研究,重现了天然岩浆的结晶、演化过程。实验研究还查明了该类火山砾所经受的最后热事件,从晶体边缘到中心的最大热梯度为110℃。拉长石巨晶的边缘部分在1160℃遭受淬冷,从而使得该带中的岩浆包裹体为非演化型单相玻璃包裹体;中心部分在1220至1050℃间缓慢冷却,所含包裹体属演化型。托勒巴契克火山拉长石巨晶火山砾形成过程中,温度和冷却速率乃是控制其结晶生长的主导因素。 相似文献
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青藏高原新生代火山岩矿物化学及其岩石学意义：以玉门,可可西里及芒康岩区 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文系统地讨论了青藏高原玉门,可中西门里及芒康岩区新生代火山岩中橄榄石、辉石,长石以及石榴子石巨晶和透长石巨晶的矿物化学特征,并利用矿物学资料探讨了火山岩形成的温度及压力条件,指出青藏高原新生代火山岩主体乃是一套陆内造山带钾玄岩系列火山岩。 相似文献
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青藏高原新生代火山岩矿物化学及其岩石学意义--以玉门、可可西里及芒康岩区为例 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本文系统地讨论了青藏高原玉门、可可西里及芒康岩区新生代火山岩中橄榄石、辉石、长石以及石榴子石巨晶和透长石巨晶的矿物化学持征,并利用矿物学资料探讨了火山岩形成的温度及压力条件．指出青藏高原新生代火山岩主体乃是一套陆内造山带钾玄岩系列火山岩,其矿物化学、主元素及同位素特征表明,这套火山岩应起源于加厚陆亮底部的特殊的富集型壳幔混合带。 相似文献
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E. Słaby L. Galbarczyk-Gąsiorowska R. Seltmann A. Müller 《Mineralogy and Petrology》2007,89(1-2):1-29
Summary Alkali feldspar megacrysts from the porphyritic Karkonosze granite (Western Sudetes, Poland) were formed during magma mixing.
Barium concentrations in zoned crystals, a sensitive indicator of feldspar migration between coeval magmas, serve to reconstruct
the crystallization path of the megacrysts. Based on geochemical data, a double mixing model for the formation of the porphyritic
granite and for megacryst growth is constructed. The feldspar growth model supports megacryst nucleation and early crystallization
in a hybridized crustal magma of granodioritic composition. The growth model gives credibility of the choice of partition
coefficients used in the modelling. Insights gained from mixing models based on whole rock composition and mineral zonation
allow the recognition of various hybridization events that are reflected in a variety of megacryst crystallization paths within
the pluton. 相似文献
12.
How late are K-feldspar megacrysts in granites? 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Various petrologists have suggested that K-feldspar megacrysts grow in granites that are extensively crystallized, even at subsolidus conditions. However, experimental evidence indicates that, though K-feldspar nucleates relatively late in the crystallization history, abundant liquid is available for development of large crystals. A great deal of evidence, involving many different factors, favours a magmatic/phenocrystic origin for K-feldspar megacrysts in granites, namely simple twinning, oscillatory zoning, euhedral plagioclase inclusions, and concentric, crystallographically controlled arrangements of inclusions. In addition, abundant evidence has been presented of (1) mechanical accumulation of K-feldspar megacrysts in granites, (2) alignment of megacrysts and megacryst concentrations in magmatic flow foliations, (3) involvement of megacrysts in zones of magma mixing in granite plutons, and (4) occurrence of megacrysts in some volcanic rocks, implying that the megacrysts were suspended in enough liquid to be moved without fracturing or plastic deformation. Detailed trace element and isotopic data also indicate that megacrysts can move between coexisting felsic and more mafic magmas. Irregular overgrowths on megacrysts are consistent with continued magmatic growth after euhedral megacrystic growth ceased, the overgrowths being impeded by simultaneously crystallizing quartz and feldspar grains. 相似文献
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J. Guo Suzanne Y. O'Reilly William L. Griffin 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1996,122(4):368-386
This paper investigates the origin of corundum megacrysts that occur in many basaltic terrains, and which are considered
to be eroded from basaltic rocks. Geochemical data for over 80 primary mineral inclusions within corundum megacrysts are used
to gain a new insight into the petrogenetic history of the corundum megacrysts. A wide spectrum of minerals is present as
inclusions in the corundum; the most common are Nb−Ta oxides (such as titaniferous columbite and uranpyrochlore), alkali feldspar,
low-Ca plagioclase (albite-oligoclase) and zircon. Rare inclusions include Fe,Cu-sulphide (low in Ni), cobalt-rich spinel,
Th,Ce-rich phosphate and uraninite. The similar chemistry of some inclusion minerals from corundum occurring in widely separated
areas suggests that the corundum megacrysts in basalts have a similar petrogenesis. Geochemical characteristics of the inclusions
indicate a bimodal grouping, which is best explained by a mixing-hybridisation process. This study indicates that the corundum
megacrysts are not cogenetic with their basaltic hosts but are crustal fragments accidentally incorporated into the erupting
magma. It is suggested that interactions between a silicic component and an intruding carbonatitic or similar Si-poor magma
is responsible for Al-oversaturation, resulting in locally distributed lenses of corundum-bearing rock of mixed paragenesis
(“hybrid rock hypothesis”). Feldspar exsolution textures provide strong evidence that this hybridisation occurred at mid-crustal
levels. Subsequent volcanic eruptions brought the corundum-bearing rocks (later disintegrated in the magma) up to the Earth's
surface. This petrogenetic model for corundum megacrysts is experimentally testable.
Received: 15 March 1995 / Accepted: 30 June 1995 相似文献
14.
Evan R. Phillips 《Lithos》1974,7(3):181-194
Myrmekite, first detected by Michel-Lévy in 1875 and named by Sederholm in 1899, is an intergrowth between vermicular quartz and (sodic) plagioclase situated next to potash feldspar. In felsic plutonic rocks it occurs as: rims bordering granular plagioclase, intergranular blebs set between adjacent microperthite crystals, lobes associated with muscovite in deformed alkali feldspar megacrysts or as bulbous growths at their margins, and rims on plagioclase inclusions held within orthocalse megacrysts. A literature review based largely on papers published in the past quarter century shows that hypotheses for myrmekite genesis fall mainly into five categories: simultaneous or direct crystallization, replacement of potash feldspar by plagioclase, replacement of plagioclase by potash feldspar, solid-state exsolution, and recrystallizing quartz involved with blastic plagioclase. 相似文献
15.
Ordering and exsolution processes in Or-rich alkali feldspar megacrysts from the Eldzhurtinskiy granite (Caucasus) 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
G. Witt-Eickschen C. Evangelakakis H. A. Seck H. Kroll A. G. Gurbanov 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1996,124(1):71-81
The extremely young (2.5 Ma) I-type Eldzhurtinskiy granite complex (Central Caucasus) is uniform with respect to modal composition,
major and trace element chemistries of bulk rocks and mineral phases. In contrast, it reveals two types of alkali feldspar
megacrysts differing in tetrahedral Al-content (2t1) and exsolution microtextures:
1. Alkali feldspar megacrysts (Or70An2Ab28) from the top of the body consist of ideally coherent intergrowths of fine-scale regular Or- and Ab-rich lamellae. The exsolved
K-feldspar host is monoclinic (2t1=0.7), the exsolved Na-rich phase consists of Albite- and/or Pericline-twinned albite.
2. Megacrysts from greater depths have the same bulk composition, but the exsolved Ab-rich phase occurs in the form of optically
visible, broad lamellae and patches of low albite. In addition, the K-rich host yields a higher degree of (Al, Si) ordering
(2t1=0.8). The evolution of the distinct types of megacrysts reflects differences in the cooling history within the upper and
lower part of the granite body. The occurrence of the coherent lamellae in the megacrysts from the top of the body is attributed
to exsolution under dry conditions during fast cooling, whereas coarsening of lamellae and formation of albite patches in
the megacrysts from the lower part are caused by fluid-feldspar interaction. The transition zone in the body between the two
types of megacrysts is sharp (in a depth interval of 100–200 m) and not related to shear zones.
Received: 12 June 1995 / Accepted: 29 January 1996 相似文献
16.
Carlos A.R. De Albuquerque 《Chemical Geology》1975,16(2):89-108
Chemical analyses are given for Na, K, and trace elements of muscovite and potassium feldspar of granitic rocks. The distribution of trace elements in co-existing minerals suggests that equilibrium was attained and that muscovite is a primary mineral. These observations and the comparison of the trace-element chemistry of megacrysts and groundmass potassium feldspars of porphyritic rock types lead to the conclusion that the megacrysts are in face phenocrysts which crystallized in equilibrium with the other minerals of the rock.The ranges of values of the distribution coefficients KD(Rb/K) and KD(Cs/K) in mineral pairs confirm other observations on the equilibrium among various minerals. However, application of experimental data on the temperature effect on KD leads to results conflicting with the petrologic observations. The possible influence of other factors on KD is analyzed and among these factors the composition of the feldspar and the solidus-liquidus temperature interval may play a dominant role. 相似文献
17.
在中国东部,北起黑龙江、南到海南岛,广泛地分布着新生代碱性玄武质岩石,例如碱性橄榄玄武岩、碧玄岩、霞石玄武岩等。它们含有丰富的超镁铁岩包体和各种巨晶。已发现的有辉石、角闪石、石榴石、歪长石、钛铁矿和云母等巨晶。Harte(1978)把巨晶定义为大的单矿物单个晶体,它比超镁铁岩团块中的矿物粗得多(2—20cm)。然而有的地质学家把巨晶的粒度下限定在1cm(Eggler 等,1979)。笔者遵循这一定义和采纳后一界线,在此基础上着重对中国东部部分地区的辉石和角闪石巨晶进行研究,研究情况见表1。 相似文献
18.
广东麒麟绿钙闪石巨晶的地球化学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对罕见的幔源绿钙闪石巨晶进行了综合的地球化学分析，主要元素，稀土微量元素和Ｓｒ，Ｎｄ同位素的特征表明；绿钙闪石巨晶是碱性玄武岩浆在地幔条件下的结晶产物；相对于寄主玄武岩，绿钙闪石巨晶均属捕虏晶，它们与共存的橄榄岩包体无成因联系，其形成可能与共存的黑色包体有关。 相似文献