共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
采用同步辐射光源和金刚石对顶砧(DAC)技术,对透视石进行了室温下的原位高压单晶X射线衍射研究。实验的最高压力为11.7 GPa,在实验压力范围内,未观察到透视石发生相变。随着压力的升高,晶胞体积逐步被压缩,体积压缩率符合三阶Birch-Murnaghan状态方程,拟合获得体模量K0为114.6(5.3)GPa。压力低于9.3 GPa时,c轴的压缩率大于a轴;在9.3~11.7 GPa压力范围内,限制于透视石结构中的水分子在高压下会阻碍硅氧四面体六元环沿c轴方向的扭曲变形,导致c轴的抗压性增强,最终a轴与c轴的被压缩程度趋于一致。通过分析多种含水环状硅酸盐矿物的高压行为,发现高压下结构中水的存在形式对含水环状硅酸盐矿物的弹性性质有重要的影响。 相似文献
2.
利用同步辐射能量色散X射线衍射(EDXD)方法和金刚石对顶砧(DAC)高压技术对采于四川平武的锡石进行原位高压(达24.0 GPa)结构研究发现:压力加载过程中,锡石在13.8 GPa时发生了从金红石型结构(P 42/m nm)到C aC l2型结构(P nnm)的位移式相变;在19.9 GPa时又由C aC l2型结构相变为黄铁矿型结构(P a3),此相变为重构式相变。对于第Ⅳ主族元素氧化物(S iO2,G eO2,SnO2和PbO2)及过渡金属氧化物(M nO2和R uO2)的高压行为进行了讨论,它们具有相似的高压相变序列,这些成果对与斯石英同构氧化物的高压行为研究提供了有价值的参考。 相似文献
3.
4.
高温高压实验是除地球物理和地球化学方法之外, 研究地球深部物质和性质的重要手段之一.多面砧压机是广泛使用的高温高压实验设备, 主要用来研究上地幔温压范围内的实验岩石学和矿物相变动力学等问题.主要介绍中国地质大学(武汉)地球深部研究实验室新引进的Walker型28 GPa多面砧压机的原理和结构、压力标定方法和常用的压力标定材料, 并根据金属铋在2.55和7.7 GPa(25 ℃)的结构相变, 以及石英在3.2 GPa、1 200 ℃向柯石英的转变对多面砧压机18/12装置(八面体传压介质边长/碳化钨截角边长)进行了压力标定, 该装置可实现的最高压力和温度约为8 GPa和2 000 ℃.最后还探讨了高温高压实验在地球科学中的应用. 相似文献
5.
6.
在室温下使用金刚石对顶砧（DAC）高压装置和同步辐射光源，对架状硅酸盐矿物方钠石进行了原位高压X射线衍射实验，最高压力达到17．4GPa。在研究的压力范围内观察到在3GPa左右方钠石发生了一次相变，且压力大于6．3GPa时，d222出现异常增大。对方钠石在高压下相变以及d222增大的原因进行了分析，认为方钠石结构中存在着充填大阳离子的多面体笼和孔道，高压下这些笼和孔道容易扭曲变形，从而造成结构的改变。 相似文献
7.
《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2017,(5)
NaAlSiO_4高压相CF相的结构和性质近年来被广为关注,然而对其低压相霞石的高压行为研究并不深入。为进一步认识碱金属在CF相中的赋存状态,采用金刚石压腔和同步辐射X射线衍射,开展了霞石NaAlSiO_4(P63,Z=8)常温、20GPa时的压缩性质研究。结果显示,在实验压力范围内,霞石没有发生结构相变,其三阶等温状态方程参数为:V0=0.715(2)nm~3,K0=53(3)GPa,K'=4.1(3),a和c轴的压缩系数Ka=3.8(1)×10~(-3)nm/GPa,Kc=2.42(6)×10~(-3)nm/GPa。通过第一性原理计算模拟,印证了实验压缩性的结果,揭示了霞石的压缩机制,即SiO_4和AlO_4四面体呈刚性行为,这些四面体之间的扭转导致结构中伪正交空隙通道的畸变。 相似文献
8.
利用同步辐射X射线衍射及拉曼光谱技术对葡萄石分别进行了原位高温及原位高压实验。原位高温实验结果表明葡萄石的热膨胀系数为K=1. 77(3)×10~(-5)K~(-1),轴向热膨胀系数具有各向异性(α_aα_bα_c),葡萄石在1073K时开始发生脱水反应,分解为钙长石及硅灰石。原位高压X射线衍射实验结果表明,在大于12. 4GPa时,葡萄石的晶胞参数发生不连续变化,可能发生了相变;在24. 0GPa左右,葡萄石发生不可逆的非晶化转变。原位高压拉曼光谱表明,葡萄石在12. 6GPa左右发生相变,这一相变很可能与其[(Si,Al)O_4]四面体中的Si发生有序排列有关。结合葡萄石的热膨胀性及压缩性,我们确定了葡萄石在高温高压下的稳定范围,这一结果对认识上地幔中含水矿物的状态以及地幔中水的来源有重要意义。 相似文献
9.
江南钨矿带高家塝钨多金属矿床矿化分带特征及其指示意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
高家塝钨多金属矿床位于江南钨矿带北部.钨矿化发育在花岗闪长斑岩与黄柏岭组接触的矽卡岩及其两侧.从岩体向外将矿石划分为:花岗闪长斑岩中细脉浸染状白钨矿矿石(类型Ⅰ)、矽卡岩中浸染状白钨矿矿石(类型Ⅱ)、角岩中脉状白钨矿矿石(类型Ⅲ)3类.高家塝矿床不同类型矿石的白钨矿和磁黄铁矿电子探针(EPMA)分析结果显示,白钨矿w(Mo)从类型Ⅱ(w(Mo)=1.34％～1.40％)→类型Ⅲ(w(Mo)=0.01％～0.17％)→类型Ⅰ(w(Mo)<0.01％)降低.从类型Ⅰ→类型Ⅱ→类型Ⅲ,磁黄铁矿中Cu、Fe元素含量降低;Zn、Co、Ni含量增高.高家塝钨矿床形成白钨矿的成矿流体从类型Ⅱ→类型Ⅲ→类型Ⅰ,氧逸度降低;形成磁黄铁矿的早期石英-硫化物阶段,类型Ⅱ的成矿流体降温速率缓慢,类型Ⅰ和Ⅲ的成矿流体发生快速冷凝作用.区域对比研究显示,高家塝矿床为贫钼白钨矿矿床,形成于还原环境. 相似文献
10.
钛闪石的高压结构及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用同步辐射EDXD方法和DAc高压技术对采于新疆天山碱性玄武岩地幔捕虏体中的钛闪石进行了原位高压(达25．4GPa)结构研究：在室温下，随着压力的增加，钛闪石的轴长a、b、c被逐渐压缩；当压力为18、9GPa时，钛闪石可能由于“脱水”而导致结构发生相变，此相变应属于可逆的二级相变。结合钛闪石的地质产状，我们认为，钛闪石在上地幔一定深度范围内可以保持稳定，是上地幔中重要的含水矿物相之一，其被携带到地表是一个非常快速的过程，本文的结果对某些含钛矿物的高压行为研究提供了一定的参考。 相似文献
11.
利用配有电阻炉外加热装置的金刚石对顶砧及紧装式六面顶高压容器,在500—1700℃和常压至17.8GPa温压范围内,对AlPO4进行了实验研究。常压下,磷铝石(石英型AlPO4)向鳞石英型AlPO4转变的温度约为778℃,鳞石英型向方英石型AlPO4转变的温度约为1100℃,块磷铝石α-β相转变的温度为586℃。在5.4 GPa和1300℃以下,块磷铝石保持稳定,在5GPa和大于1700℃时,发现AlPO4分解为Al2O3,(刚玉)和P2O5鳞石英型AlPO4在6GPa及500℃转变成斜方晶系新相,新相在室温常压下的晶胞参数为:a=4.930Å,b=7.200Å和c=6.165Å,鳞石英型AlPO4及块磷铝石在11GPa以上均变为NiSO4型结构。文中讨论了AlPO4与SiO2的异同,并给出了一个AlPO4可能的相图。 相似文献
12.
S. Ono E. Ito T. Katsura A. Yoneda M. J. Walter S. Urakawa W. Utsumi K. Funakoshi 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2000,27(9):618-622
In situ synchrotron X-ray experiments in the system SnO2 were made at pressures of 4–29 GPa and temperatures of 300–1400 K using sintered diamond anvils in a 6–8 type high-pressure
apparatus. Orthorhombic phase (α-PbO2 structure) underwent a transition to a cubic phase (Pa3ˉ structure) at 18 GPa. This transition was observed at significantly lower pressures in DAC experiments. We obtained the
isothermal bulk modulus of cubic phase K
0 = 252(28) GPa and its pressure derivative K
′=3.5(2.2). The thermal expansion coefficient of cubic phase at 25 GPa up to 1300 K was determined from interpolation of the
P-V-T data obtained, and is 1.7(±0.7) × 10−5 K−1 at 25 GPa.
Received: 7 December 1999 / Accepted: 27 April 2000 相似文献
13.
We present a Raman spectroscopic study of the structural modifications of several olivines at high pressures and ambient temperature. At high pressures, the following modifications in the Raman spectra are observed: 1)?in Mn2GeO4, between 6.7 and 8.6?GPa the appearance of weak bands at 560 and 860?cm?1; between 10.6 and 23?GPa, the progressive replacement of the olivine spectrum by the spectrum of a crystalline high pressure phase; upon decompression, the inverse sequence of transformations is observed with some hysteresis in the transformation pressures; this sequence may be interpreted as the progressive transformation of the olivine to a spinelloid where Ge tetrahedra are polymerized, and then to a partially inverse spinel; 2)?in Ca2SiO4, the olivine transforms to larnite between 1.9 and 2.1?GPa; larnite is observed up to the maximum pressure of 24?GPa and it can partially back-transform to olivine during decompression; 3)?in Ca2GeO4, the olivine transforms to a new structure between 6.8 and 8?GPa; the vibrational frequencies of the new phase suggest that the phase transition involves an increase of the Ca coordination number and that Ge tetrahedra are isolated; this high pressure phase is observed up to the maximum pressure of 11?GPa; during decompression, it transforms to a disordered phase below 5?GPa; 4)?in CaMgGeO4, no significant modification of the olivine spectrum is observed up to 15?GPa; between 16 and 26?GPa, broadening of some peaks and the appearance of a weak broad feature at 700–900?cm?1 suggests a progressive amorphization of the structure; near 27?GPa, amorphization is complete and an amorphous phase is quenched down to ambient pressure; this unique behaviour is interpreted as the result of the incompatibilities in the high pressure behaviour of the Ca and Mg sublattices in the olivine structure. 相似文献
14.
Monika Koch-Müller Sandro Jahn Natalie Birkholz Eglof Ritter Ulrich Schade 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2016,43(8):545-561
The stability of the high-pressure CaCO3 calcite (cc)-related polymorphs was studied in experiments that were performed in conventional diamond anvil cells (DAC) at room temperature as a function of pressure up to 30 GPa as well as in internally heated diamond anvil cells (DAC-HT) at pressures and temperatures up to 20 GPa and 800 K. To probe structural changes, we used Raman and FTIR spectroscopy. For the latter, we applied conventional and synchrotron mid-infrared as well as synchrotron far-infrared radiation. Within the cc-III stability field (2.2–15 GPa at room temperature, e.g., Catalli and Williams in Phys Chem Miner 32(5–6):412–417, 2005), we observed in the Raman spectra consistently three different spectral patterns: Two patterns at pressures below and above 3.3 GPa were already described in Pippinger et al. (Phys Chem Miner 42(1):29–43, 2015) and assigned to the phase transition of cc-IIIb to cc-III at 3.3 GPa. In addition, we observed a clear change between 5 and 6 GPa that is independent of the starting material and the pressure path and time path of the experiments. This apparent change in the spectral pattern is only visible in the low-frequency range of the Raman spectra—not in the infrared spectra. Complementary electronic structure calculations confirm the existence of three distinct stability regions of cc-III-type phases at pressures up to about 15 GPa. By combining experimental and simulation data, we interpret the transition at 5–6 GPa as a re-appearance of the cc-IIIb phase. In all types of experiments, we confirmed the transition from cc-IIIb to cc-VI at about 15 GPa at room temperature. We found that temperature stabilizes cc-VI to lower pressure. The reaction cc-IIIb to cc-VI has a negative slope of ?7.0 × 10?3 GPa K?1. Finally, we discuss the possibility of the dense cc-VI phase being more stable than aragonite at certain pressure and temperature conditions relevant to the Earth’s mantle. 相似文献
15.
Generation and differentiation of group II kimberlites: constraints from a high-pressure experimental study to 10 GPa 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Experiments have been performed in the multicomponent (natural) bulk system to constrain the conditions of generation and differentiation of a K-rich group II kimberlite (now also referred to as orangeite). The group II composition examined was saturated in olivine, orthopyroxene, and garnet at near liquidus conditions in the pressure range 4 to 10 GPa. In the range 2 to 3 GPa, the liquidus phase was olivine only. The potassic nature of the melts in the bulk compositions studied was ensured by the absence of any K-bearing phase in the residual assemblage at P > 4 GPa. Phlogopite is destabilized toward higher pressures by a carbonation reaction of the type phlogopite + CO2 = enstatite + garnet + K2CO3 (liquid) + H2O leading to alkalic, carbonatitic liquids coexisting with a garnet-peridotite (harzburgite or lherzolite) residue over a wide pressure-temperature space at pressures in excess of 4 GPa. Evidently, CO2-bearing systems do not favor the stability of phlogopite and/or K-richterite amphibole at pressures in excess of 4 to 5 GPa, and it is suggested that the carbonate-bearing and potassic character of any mantle melt originating from this depth is most likely the product of a two-stage process: either a carbonate-bearing protolith is invaded by a potassic melt or fluid (probably supercritical), or a potassic protolith (after metasomatism) has been invaded by a carbonatite melt. 相似文献
16.
Stabilities of hexagonal new aluminous (NAL) phase and Ca-ferrite-type (CF) phase were investigated on the join NaAlSiO4-MgAl2O4 in a pressure range from 23 to 58 GPa at approximately constant temperature of 1,850 K, on the basis of in situ synchrotron
X-ray diffraction measurements in a laser-heated diamond-anvil cell. The results show that NAL is formed as a single phase
up to 34 GPa, NAL + CF between 34 and 43 GPa, and only CF at higher pressures in 40%NaAlSiO4-60%MgAl2O4 bulk composition. On the other hand, both NAL and CF coexist below 38 and 36 GPa, and only CF was obtained at higher pressures
in 60%NaAlSiO4-40%MgAl2O4 and 20%NaAlSiO4-80%MgAl2O4 composition, respectively. These results indicate that NAL appears only up to 46 GPa at 1,850 K, and CF forms continuous
solid solution at higher pressures on the join NaAlSiO4-MgAl2O4. NAL has limited stability in subducted mid-oceanic ridge basalt crust in the Earth’s lower mantle and undergoes a phase
transition to CF in deeper levels. 相似文献
17.
The crystal structures and energies of SiO2 stishovite, MgO periclase, Mg2SiO4 spinel, and MgSiO3 perovskite were calculated as a function of pressure with the polarization-included electron gas (PEG) model. The calculated pressures of the spinel to perovskite phase transitions in the Mg2SiO4 and MgSiO3 systems are 26.0 GPa and 27.0 GPa, respectively, compared to the experimental zero temperature extrapolations of 27.4 GPa and 27.7 GPa. The two oxide phases are found to be the most stable form in the pressure range 24.5 GPa to 31.5 GPa, compared to the experimental zero temperature extrapolation of 26.7 GPa to 28.0 GPa. The volume changes associated with the phase transitions are in good agreement with experiment. The transition pressures calculated with the PEG model, which allows the ions to distort from spherical symmetry, are in much better agreement with experiment than those calculated with the modified electron gas (MEG) model, which constrains the ions to be spherical. 相似文献
18.
G. K. Rozenberg M. P. Pasternak G. R. Hearne C. A. McCammon 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1997,24(8):569-573
?57Fe Mössbauer studies at room temperature and temperature-dependent resistance studies have been performed on a natural specimen of cubanite (CuFe2S3) in a diamond-anvil cell at pressures up to ～10 GPa. An insulator-metal phase transition occurs in the range 3.4–5.8 GPa coinciding with a previously observed structural transition from an orthorhombic to a hexagonal NiAs (B8) structure. The room temperature data shows that the metallization process concurs with a gradual transition from a magnetically ordered phase at low pressure to a nonmagnetic or paramagnetic phase at high-pressure. The change in magnetic behaviour at the structural transition may be attributed to a reduction of the Fe-S-Fe superexchange angle formed by edge-sharing octahedra occurring in the high-pressure phase. The non-magnetic or paramagnetic metallic phase at high pressure is retained upon decompression to ambient pressure-temperature conditions, indicative of substantial hysteresis associated with the pressure driven orthorhombic→hexagonal structural transition. The pressure evolution of both the 57Fe Mössbauer hyperfine interaction parameters and resistance behaviour is consistent with the transition from mixed-valence character in the low pressure orthorhombic structure to that of extended-electron delocalization in the hexagonal phase at high-pressure. 相似文献
19.
We have used density functional theory to investigate the stability of MgAl2O4 polymorphs under pressure. Our results can reasonably explain the transition sequence of MgAl2O4 polymorphs observed in previous experiments. The spinel phase (stable at ambient conditions) dissociates into periclase and
corundum at 14 GPa. With increasing pressure, a phase change from the two oxides to a calcium-ferrite phase occurs, and finally
transforms to a calcium-titanate phase at 68 GPa. The calcium-titanate phase is stable up to at least 150 GPa, and we did
not observe a stability field for a hexagonal phase or periclase + Rh2O3(II)-type Al2O3. The bulk moduli of the phases calculated in this study are in good agreement with those measured in high-pressure experiments.
Our results differ from those of a previous study using similar methods. We attribute this inconsistency to an incomplete
optimization of a cell shape and ionic positions at high pressures in the previous calculations. 相似文献
20.
In situ time-resolved measurements of shock wave profiles for anisotropic fluorite crystals with two different crystal orientations
were carried out up to a pressure of 34 GPa that is above the transition pressure for the fluorite to cotunnite phase. They
indicate that the Hugoniot elastic limit varies with the crystal orientation and final pressure and that high-pressure phase
transition from fluorite to a cotunnite-type structure occurs at 13 GPa in 10–20 ns for CaF2 [100]-oriented crystals and at 17 GPa in more than 50 ns for CaF2 [111]-oriented crystals, respectively. These results are in disagreement with those from static compression. The phase transition
at static pressures has been known to be very sluggish, but the present results indicate a large sensitivity of kinetics to
the relationship between crystallographic orientation and shock direction, supporting a martensitic mechanism for the fluorite
to cotunnite phase transition that is enhanced by the effect of shock-induced shear. It is also helpful to explain the observation
that the in situ emission spectra for shocked Eu-doped fluorite became weak and had no shift above ~15 GPa. 相似文献