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提要硫铁矿制酸后产生的大量硫酸烧渣,长期以来因种种原因未被有效利用,绝大部分被简单的排放和就地堆存,不仅占用大量土地,还常常造成周边环境的污染。如何变废为宝,使硫酸烧渣得到综合有效的循环利用,广东云浮硫铁矿企业集团公司对此进行了有益的尝试——从硫酸烧渣中回收不同级别的铁红产品及用回收的高级铁红生产铁氧体预烧料和高性能永磁铁氧体产品,取得了较好的经济效益和社会效益。 相似文献
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电石渣是生产电石过程中产生的工业废物,堆放电石渣不仅占用大量土地,还可能污染周边环境。目前国内电石渣回收利用的途径不能根本解决电石渣的回收问题。为了进一步开展电石渣的综合利用,我通过对陕西某电石厂的电石渣进行试验,分析研究了电石渣作为筑坝基础材料的可行性。试验表明：原状样属高的压缩性,渗透性稍偏大且不均,抗剪强度偏低,... 相似文献
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我国金属镍的生产起步较晚，产量较低，并且有限的镍矿在开采，选矿，冶金中，产出了大量的含镍磷废石，尾石及冶炼炉渣等，开发利用这些废物，搞好镍资源的二次回收，既能减少环境污染，又能获得较好的效益，对青海省拉水峡组镍矿低品位选矿尾砂进行稀酸浸取提纯，生产结晶硫酸镍产品，镍一次浸出率达７５％以上，总回收率近７０％，中试流程简单，生产成本较低，产品质量较高，为从低品位镍矿和含镍废料中回收镍提供了范例。 相似文献
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阐述了某钢铁厂冶炼炉渣堆放场中渣的放射性元素含量及照射量的规律性 ;铁合金厂钒铁冶炼贫渣的物理化学性质和矿物组成特性 ;并对它们作为水泥、肥料生产和筑路工程中的原材料及有用组分回收等方面的开发利用进行了探讨。 相似文献
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氰化尾渣是黄金在冶炼过程中通过氰化浸出工艺所产生的的固体废渣,具有较大综合利用价值.根据氰化尾渣的特点,评述了从氰化尾渣中回收金的工艺方法及其主要优缺点.最后指出,各类氰化尾渣均可根据各自矿物组合及其细粒度特点,通过科学的环保与技术经济评价,选择合理的适合自身特点的金回收工艺. 相似文献
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直接酸溶法浸取硫铁矿烧渣中铁的实验研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对常压下用盐酸直接酸溶提取硫铁矿烧渣中的铁进行了实验研究，探讨了影响硫铁矿烧渣酸溶的因素。结果表明，影响铁溶出率的主要因素为液固比、反应时间和温度；当液固比为4．0mL／g、反应温度100℃时，高速搅拌反应2h后，铁的溶出率可达72％，浸取液经进一步处理可生产氯化铁系列产品，有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
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通过X射线荧光光谱、X射线粉末衍射分别对某公司磁性硫酸烧渣的化学和物相组成进行了鉴别,采用场发射扫描电镜观察微形貌和微结构特征,测定了烧渣的磁化率和磁滞回线。结果表明,硫精矿粉沸腾炉焙烧所得磁性硫酸烧渣,铁品位达到64.78%,杂质组分主要是硅、铝和硫;主要物相为磁铁矿、磁赤铁矿和赤铁矿,含少量石英;比表面积为2.83 m2/g,磁化率为18 000×10-8 m3/kg;原始微米粒径的黄铁矿粉体在脱硫、氧化相变为磁赤铁矿、磁铁矿和赤铁矿的过程中多晶化、纳米化,转变为纳米亚微米晶体,颗粒表现为多孔特征。这种较高比表面积、强磁性的磁性烧渣有望在吸附和磁分离领域作为功能材料发挥作用。研究结果也为利用铁硫化物热分解相变进行矿物纳米材料加工提供了新的思路。 相似文献
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对废旧钻头金刚石的回收，采用酸蚀法腐蚀性强，反应速度慢，回收效率低，成本高，并且在反应过程中产生大量有害气体。而采用食盐作电解液能避免产生有害气体及酸腐蚀等，并且反应速度快，回收效率高，成本低，操作安全。 相似文献
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通过研究大洋锰结核经氨浸工艺提取Co，Ni，Cu等有价金属后的粉末状固体残渣（氨浸渣）对石英-长石-高岭土3组分陶瓷体系烧结行为及制品性能的影响发现：3组分体系中添加不超过10％的氨浸渣，在1140℃烧结90min，烧结体的抗折强度大于65．9MPa，吸水率小于0．128％．达到JC／T665-1997规定的要求。氨浸渣的助熔效果明显，添加5％～10％即可降低3组分陶瓷烧结温度40℃～80℃，添加量过多（超过10％）会增加熔体相含量．易引起坯体过烧，不利于坯体致密化和烧成工艺控制。添加氨浸渣，烧结体呈灰白色一黄褐色，且烧结体颜色随氨浸渣含量增加而变深。研究认为，氨浸渣可以作为石英-长石-高岭土3组分陶瓷的助熔剂和色料。 相似文献
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世界高放废物地质处置库选址研究概况及国内进展 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
高放废物是核能事业发展的必然产物。它的安全处置是核能事业持续发展的前提 ,已受到世界各国的高度重视。文中阐述了高放废物深地质处置的一般概念。同时重点介绍了世界上一些国家处置库选址研究的主要内容和研究进展 ,例如 ,美国把处置库建造过程分为场地推荐、场地的特征评价、处置库场地的选择和批准、领取场地执照和处置库建造设计的审批、处置库的建造 5个阶段 ;德国的选址研究工作包括地电和地热研究 ,重力、地震、地球化学、水文地质、同位素地球化学及微生物研究等 ;瑞典在花岗岩中建成了地下实验室 ,并制定了实验室的总体研究目标等等。另外也介绍了中国在甘肃省北山进行的高放废物地质处置库选址工作的情况 ,研究表明北山地区为一地壳稳定区 ,也是地下水贫水区且地下水流速缓慢 ,有利于处置库的建造 ,进一步的地面地质、水文地质勘察工作及钻探工程工作正在进行中。伴随着这些工作的完成 ,中国将大大缩短在高放废物地质处置研究方面与发达国家的距离。 相似文献
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A critical review on waste paper sorting techniques 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
M. O. Rahman A. Hussain H. Basri 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2014,11(2):551-564
Efficient waste paper recycling has a significant role in the sustainable environment. Recyclable waste paper as a fundamental ingredient of municipal solid wastes (MSWs) is indeed an “urban ore”. Waste papers are considered as the solid recovered fuel which is recovered from MSW. Recyclable waste papers are segregated into various grades to produce high-quality products. Moreover, sorted paper streams save energy, chemicals, and water, as well as reduce sludge and rejects. Information technology is widely integrated with the waste management industry into its operations such as recycling, reuse, segregating based on categories and so on. This review article focuses on the life cycle of waste paper and existing waste paper sorting techniques. In the paper industry, many types of sensors are used in different mechanical and optical waste paper sorting systems. Such sensors include lignin, gloss, stiffness, mid-infrared, infrared, and color sensors. In this review, also described the effectiveness of different waste paper sorting systems, and finally, recommended appropriate waste paper sorting techniques based on effectiveness and low-cost implementation. 相似文献
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Josh Lepawsky 《Geoforum》2012,43(6):1194-1206
Electronic waste (e-waste) is thought to be the fastest growing segment of the overall solid waste stream in many countries. Between 2003 and 2010 more than half of all Canadian provinces and US states passed legislation specifically to govern the disposition of e-waste. The purpose of this research is to investigate the legal geographies of this legislation. The principle findings are that the work of jurisdiction around e-waste in Canada and the US places financial responsibility for waste management on consumers not producers. Thus, contra the explicit intent of e-waste legislation, a regime of extended consumer, rather than producer, responsibility is emerging and waste generated as a result of design and manufacturing decisions remains taboo. But the implications of the legislative governance of e-waste go beyond questions of regulatory success or failure. At stake in the legislative governance of e-waste is the assembling of the social in a legal way that generates distributions of action that are democratized only so long as they limit public decision making to waste already produced and marketized only so long as they extend the ability of manufacturers, e-waste recyclers, and paramarket organizations to appropriate value. The work of jurisdiction around e-waste suggests jurisdiction can be more multiple, distributed, and patchy than prevailing theory allows. 相似文献
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现代工业迅猛发展的同时，也随之产生大量的工业废渣。利用工业废渣修筑道路基层，既可以达到道路基层的强度标准，也可以解决大量废渣的处理问题，具有十分重要的现实意义。论文对锰铁废渣的化学成份进行了分析，对风积土的物理力学性质进行了试验研究，获得了大量的科学数据。同时利用石灰、锰铁废渣、碎石和风积砂土作为路面基层稳定土的原材料，进行了配比试验和性能测试。在试验过程中，运用均匀设计方法安排试验，测量稳定土的各项指标。依据试验结果，采用SPSS软件进行了回归分析，得到了稳定土无侧限抗压强度的回归方程。试验结果表明，利用锰铁废渣作为道路基层的填料是可行的，既可以节约原材料的能量消耗，又可以减少环境污染，具有广泛的应用前景和显著的社会效益、环境效益与经济效益。 相似文献
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中国危险废物处理处置技术现状和结构分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在介绍危险性废物的概念，种类等基础上，对我国危险性危险性废物的处理处置现状进行了分析，并对废物的产生，处置结构和废物流等进行了评价，提出了未来我国危险性废物处理处置的规划方案。 相似文献
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煤矸石山周围地下水污染状况 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以焦作市演马矿煤矸石山为对象,采集该处新鲜和风化煤矸石以及附近地下水样品,检测其中Cl-、SO2-4、苯并(a)芘、Mn等22种污染物的含量,并采用超标倍数法和实测浓度法对地下水受污染状况进行分析研究。地下水中污染物含量与煤矸石山距离呈负相关,且在丰水期和枯水期存在一定差异。 相似文献
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Hongli LI Shenggao CHENG 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):105-105
This study draws attention to the fact that natural processes can mobilize thallium （Tl）, a highly toxic metal, which may enter the food chain with severe health impacts on the local human population. A rural area having independent Tl mineralization in southwestern Guizhou, China, was chosen for a pilot study. Tl contents of soils extracted by HNO3 in the study area range from 35-165 mg/kg in soils from the mining area, 14-78 mg/kg in alluvial deposits downstream, and 〈0.2-0.5 mg/kg in soils from the background area. Tl contents in ammonium acetate EDTA-extracted fraction are 0.013-1.3 mg/kg, less than 1% of concentration in HNO3-extracted fraction. The amounts of Tl in NH4Ac-extracted fraction were thought to be more exchangeable and bioavailable, i.e., immediately available to plants and/or available to plant roots over a period of years. Tl concentration in crops exhibits species-dependent preferences. The enrichment of Tl in edible crop species decreases in the following order： green cabbage〉chili〉Chinese cabbage〉rice〉com. The highest level of Tl in green cabbage is up to 500 mg/kg （DW）, surpassing the values of Tl in the soils （13-59 mg/kg）. The enrichment factor for TI in green cabbage is up to 1-10 when considering the HNO3-extracted Tl, but the factor highly rises to 30-1300 while considering the NH4Ac-extracted Tl. The average daily uptake of Tl by the local villagers through consumption of locally planted crops was estimated at about 1.9 mg per person, which is 50 times the daily ingestion from the Tl-free background area. 相似文献
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《Geoforum》2015
Indian metropolises have witnessed the growth of ‘new towns’ on their peripheries over the past two decades, which have attracted investment as well as affluent residents. Most research on new towns examines the contentious politics of land acquisition and development, but less is known about urban governance and everyday life. This article focuses on solid waste management in Noida, a new town on the periphery of Delhi that has been unable to develop a large-scale waste management system, and we have two main foci. First, we show that the municipal government has sought to regulate waste collection, while waste processing and disposal have remained unregulated and this has discouraged the entry of medium and large-scale private enterprises. Second, we explore the contentious politics surrounding actually existing waste management practices that have emerged in the absence of significant public or private investment. Most waste is managed by small- and medium-sized enterprises in the informal sector, so associations that represent the so-called ‘new’ middle class must interact with informal-sector waste workers. These interactions result in moderately high levels of waste collection but waste disposal remains haphazard and this exposes the limits of the new middle class’ control over urban space. Ultimately, we show how municipal governance and the actually existing politics and practices of waste management contribute to the production of Noida’s socio-spatial landscape. 相似文献