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1.
藏东玉龙铜矿带含矿斑岩及成岩系列   总被引：37，自引：4，他引：33  
张玉泉  钟孙霖 《地球化学》1998,27(3):236-243
西藏东部新生代玉龙铜矿带含矿斑岩,包括玉龙、扎拉尕、莽总、多霞松多和马拉松多等,均为同期不同阶段侵入地质体构成的复式岩体。岩石类型有石英二长斑岩、二长花岗斑岩、正长花岗斑岩和碱长花岗斑岩。岩石化学成分均富碱（Ｎａ２Ｏ＋ｋ２Ｏ〉８％）、高钾和Ｋ２Ｏ／Ｎａ２Ｏ比值远大于１等,属于碱性钾质系列,即钾玄岩系列。  相似文献   

2.
藏东缘玉龙斑岩铜矿带是中国重要的产于碰撞造山环境下的斑岩铜矿带,其全长约300千米,主要由1个超大型、2个大型、2个中型斑岩铜矿床及一系列斑岩型矿床(点)组成。玉龙斑岩铜矿带大规模矿化主要位于矿带北段,南段矿化规模相对较小,目前发现的多为小型矿床(点)。为了深入了解玉龙斑岩铜矿带时空演化及南北段矿化规模差异的控制因素,本文分析了玉龙斑岩铜矿带南段色礼、马牧普和总郭这3个矿化点矿化斑岩体锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄、地球化学组成及色礼矿化斑岩体锆石Hf同位素。色礼、马牧普和总郭含矿斑岩分别为二长花岗斑岩、正长斑岩及石英二长斑岩,三者锆石LAICP-MS U-Pb年龄分别为39.4±0.2Ma(MSWD=1.10)、38.5±0.3Ma(MSWD=1.79)和39.4±0.2Ma(MSWD=1.05)。矿化斑岩体为偏铝质,具有富碱、高钾(K_2O/Na_2O=1.2~2.4)、富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素,弱Eu负异常特征。3个矿化斑岩具有较高的Sr/Y比值,且都发育角闪石斑晶,呈现富水岩浆特征。色礼二长花岗斑岩的锆石εHf(t)为-2.7~2.8,平均值为-0.4,显示壳幔混合源区特征,并且其明显小于玉龙斑岩铜矿带北段玉龙超大型斑岩铜矿床含矿斑岩体锆石εHf(t)值(4.2)。玉龙斑岩铜矿带南北段含矿斑岩体形成时代相近,都形成于碰撞造山走滑构造背景。玉龙超大型矿床矿化斑岩锆石εHf(t)值明显大于色礼矿化点斑岩体锆石εHf(t)的值,表明矿床规模和岩浆源区物质含幔源物质多少有关,更多亏损地幔物质或新生地壳物质的加入更有利于形成大型斑岩矿床。玉龙斑岩铜矿带南北段成矿规模差异可能为北段斑岩体含更多地幔或新生地壳物质所致。  相似文献   

3.
张玉泉  钟孙霖 《地球科学》1998,23(6):557-561
西藏东部玉龙铜矿带,包括玉龙、扎位尕、莽总、多霞松多和马拉松多等斑岩型Ｃｕ,Ｍｏ,Ｐｂ,Ｚｎ,Ａｕ,Ａｇ和Ｐｔ等多金属矿床。由于分析技术条件的限制,前人所获得的含矿斑岩微量元素数据精度较低。采用先进的ＰＥ Ｅｌａｎ６０００型电感耦合等离子质谱仪（ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ）分析微量元素（包括稀土元素）,结果表明含矿斑岩和共生的钾质碱性深成岩、火山岩和煌斑岩在时空上具一致性,岩石化学成分均富碱（ｗ（Ｋ２Ｏ）＋ｗ（  相似文献   

4.
各贡弄斑岩铜多金属矿区属藏东贡觉县管辖,位于玉龙成矿亚带南段。关于玉龙成矿带前人做了大量工作,认为玉龙铜矿岩体为钙碱性中酸性花岗斑岩,含矿岩体多在喜山期岛弧环境下侵入三叠系地层,本文认为各贡弄岩体与玉龙岩体产出构造背景基本相同,其岩体属I型花岗岩  相似文献   

5.
西藏东部玉龙铜矿带,包括玉龙、扎拉尕、莽总、多霞松多和马拉松多等斑岩型Ｃｕ,Ｍｏ,Ｐｂ,Ｚｎ,Ａｕ,Ａｇ和Ｐｔ等多金属矿床．由于分析技术条件的限制,前人所获得的含矿斑岩微量元素数据精度较低．采用先进的ＰＥＥｌａｎ６０００型电感耦合等离子质谱仪（ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ）分析微量元素（包括稀土元素）,结果表明含矿斑岩和共生的钾质碱性深成岩、火山岩和煌斑岩在时空上具一致性,岩石化学成分均富碱（ｗ（Ｋ２Ｏ）＋ｗ（Ｎａ２Ｏ）＞８％）,高钾和ｗ（Ｋ２Ｏ）／ｗ（Ｎａ２Ｏ）比值远大于１,微量元素富集Ｓｒ,Ｂａ等大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素等,均显示出钾玄岩系列岩石的特征,暗示西藏东部玉龙铜矿带的含矿斑岩属于典型的钾玄岩系列的斑岩  相似文献   

6.
青海"三江"北段斑岩型钼铜成矿带地处青海南部地区,区内呈NW-SE向展布一系列新生代具钼铜矿化的岩体。通过对具有代表性的纳日贡玛、陆日格、打古贡卡含矿斑岩地球化学、Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征的研究,表明"三江"北段含矿斑岩主要为过铝质的高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列;微量元素配分曲线总体呈右倾型,大离子亲石元素(LILE)富集,高场强元素(HFSE)亏损,具有较弱的Eu负异常,Sr-Nd-Pb同位素处于亏损地幔(MORB)与富集地幔的演化曲线上,被俯冲板片流体所交代的富集地幔可能为岩浆的源区。同时,"三江"北段斑岩源区同位素更向亏损地幔端员靠拢,而软流圈物质注入量的多少则导致了"三江"北段成矿带、玉龙成矿带岩石地球化学特征的差异。以纳日贡玛大型钼铜斑岩矿床为中心的青海南部"三江"北段斑岩型钼铜矿带的确立,暗示在青海南部仍然具有寻找大型斑岩型及岩浆期后热液型矿床的潜力。  相似文献   

7.
藏东玉龙铜矿带含矿斑岩演化与成矿关系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
西藏东部玉龙铜矿带含矿斑岩，包括玉龙、扎拉尕、莽总、多霞松多和马拉松多等， 同期不同次的斑岩地质体构成的复式央体。岩石类型有石英二长斑岩、二长花岗斑岩、正长花岗斑岩和碱长花岗斑岩。岩石化学成分具有钾玄岩系列的岩石富碱、高钾和Ｋ２Ｏ／Ｎａ２Ｏ比值大于１等特征。在复式斑岩，从早期到晚期的岩石，ＳｉＯ２和Ｋ２Ｏ含量增加，ＴｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＭｇＯ、Ｃａ、Ｏ和Ｎａ２Ｏ含量减少，以及Ｃｕ等矿化多伴随晚期斑  相似文献   

8.
西藏东缘玉龙斑岩铜矿带是中国最大的新生代斑岩铜矿带。玉龙斑岩铜矿床位于红河-哀牢山断裂带北延，主要由5个含矿斑岩体组成，从NW往SE依次为玉龙、扎拉尕、莽总、多霞松多及马拉松多。玉龙斑岩铜矿带含矿斑岩体锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Th-Pb年龄表明含矿斑岩体形成时代在41.2~36.9 Ma之间，含矿斑岩形成时代从NW往SE逐渐减少。含矿斑岩活动时代和红河-哀牢山及其北延的走滑断裂活动时代一致。含矿斑岩体年龄变化特征及微量元素特征表明含矿斑岩体形成受走滑俯冲构造控制。含矿斑岩体锆石Ce4+/Ce3+比值较高，表明含矿岩浆为高氧化性岩浆。岩浆阶段岩浆中的硫多为氧化硫，而成矿时则为还原硫占优势的还原环境，因此，岩浆演化晚期斑岩铜金矿床成矿系统从氧化硫占优势的氧化环境还原成还原硫占优势的还原环境，为斑岩铜金矿床形成提供充足的硫源，在成矿中起着关键作用。  相似文献   

9.
青海纳日贡玛斑岩钼(铜)矿床:岩石成因及构造控制   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12  
初步矿产普查评价成果表明,三江北段已初步显示出巨大的成矿潜力.在该区东部,以纳日贡玛-陆日格含矿斑岩体为中心的斑岩-矽卡岩大型成矿系统已初露端倪.纳日贡玛,作为该区的最具代表性的斑岩型矿床,了解其含矿斑岩的性质,查明斑岩的可能源区,厘定其与玉龙铜矿带的关系,具有重要的理论与现实意义.为此,本文对纳日贡玛矿区出露的主要斑岩体开展了详细的年代学、岩石地球化学及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学研究,结果表明:纳日贡玛主含矿斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄为43.3±0.5Ma,明显为玉龙斑岩铜矿带的北延;其主含矿斑岩为高钾钙碱性系列,高度演化的斑岩为钾玄岩系列,岩浆源区可能为50～80km处壳幔过渡带,经历了明显的流体交代;与玉龙铜矿带含矿斑岩相比,纳日贡玛斑岩钾含量偏低,Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成更向亏损地幔靠拢,反映岩浆源区自NW至SE地壳组分逐渐增多和/或流体交代逐渐增强.自纳日贡玛至玉龙带.成矿斑岩的结晶年龄逐渐变新,说明斑岩的形成不仅具有统一的源区,可能受控于统一的动力学机制,因印度-亚洲大陆碰撞产生的始新世右行断裂系统,可能是控制区域岩浆上侵及时空分布的动力学机制.纳日贡玛带矿床矿化以Mo为主,显著不同于玉龙带的Cu-Mo(-Au)矿化组合,造成区域上矿化组合的差异即可因深部过程,也可因岩浆就位后的结晶分异过程,更多的证据显示可能受后者控制明显;因此,纳日贡玛矿床可能遭受了较强的剥蚀,区内应加强斑岩侵位较深时形成的斑岩钼矿及夕卡岩型矿床的寻找.  相似文献   

10.
位于新疆富蕴县境内的希勒库都克铜钼矿属于斑岩型矿床。含矿花岗斑岩和石英闪长岩为弱过铝质高钾钙碱性岩石,具有相对富集大离子亲石元素、亏损Nb、Ta、Ti元素的地球化学特征。获得含矿花岗斑岩SIMS锆石Ｕ-Pb年龄（329.6±4.1）Ma。综合分析,花岗斑岩和石英闪长岩可能为同一岩浆不同演化阶段的产物。据含矿岩石高的正εNd（t）值、低的87Sr/86Sr初始值推测,其原始岩浆起源于亏损地幔源区。  相似文献   

11.
Pb, Sr and Nd isotopic compositions have been analyzed in recent granites from Northern Africa, Northern Italy and Greece. Lead isotope compositions of K-feldspars are rather homogeneous, and cluster close to the modern lead of Stacey and Kramers (1975) but with slightly higher207Pb/204Pb and208Pb/204Pb ratios. The Cyclades samples, however, have higher206Pb/204Pb ratios. Addition of mantle-derived lead was probably very limited, which supports a quasi-closed system evolution of this element in the continental crust. The Sr, Nd data fall in the enriched part of the143Nd/144Nd vs.87Sr/86Sr diagram and define a smooth hyperbolic mixing curve. Over a wide area, straddling different orogens, most granites may be accounted for by a binary mixture between a recycled crustal component and a depleted mantle-like component. No correlation is observed between either Pb and Sr or Nd isotopic ratios, or any isotopic ratio and major element contents. Quantitative modelling suggests that two cases fit the Sr and Nd characteristics of these granites: they both require anatexis of the crust on a scale large enough to average the isotopic properties of heterogeneous terranes. In the first case, the mantle-derived component may be represented by differentiated Island Arc-type magmas, and the granites result from mixing these magmas with anatectic melts. In the second case, mantle-derived igneous rocks, such as obducted ophiolites, are part of the crustal source and their variable involvement in the anatectic process causes isotopic variations.CRPG Contribution n 630.  相似文献   

12.
The Jurassic to Early Cretaceous magmatic arc of the Andes in northern Chile was a site of major additions of juvenile magmas from the subarc mantle to the continental crust. The combined effect of extension and a near stationary position of the Jurassic to lower Cretaceous arc favoured the emplacement and preservation of juvenile magmatic rocks on a large vertical and horizontal scale. Chemical and Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic compositions of mainly mafic to intermediate volcanic and intrusive rock units coherently indicate the generation of the magmas in a subduction regime and the dominance of a depleted subarc mantle source over contributions of the ambient Palaeozoic crust. The isotopic composition of the Jurassic (206Pb/204Pb: ∼ 18.2; 207Pb/204Pb: ∼ 15.55; 143Nd/144Nd: ∼ 0.51277; 87Sr/86Sr: ∼ 0.703–0.704) and Present (206Pb/204Pb: ∼ 18.5; 207Pb/204Pb: ∼ 15.57; 143Nd/144Nd: ∼ 0.51288; 87Sr/86Sr: ∼ 0.703–0.704) depleted subarc mantle beneath the Central and Southern Andes (18°–40°S) was likely uniform over the entire region. Small differences of isotope ratios between Jurassic and Cenozoic to Recent of subarc mantle-derived could be explained by radiogenic growth in a still uniform mantle source.Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available to authorised users in the online version of this article at .  相似文献   

13.
The Quaternary alkaline volcanic field of Southern Turkey is characterized by intra-continental plate-type magmatic products, exposed to the north of the ?skenderun Gulf along a NE-SW trending East Anatolian Fault, to the west of its intersection with the N–S trending Dead Sea Fault zone. The ?skenderun Gulf alkaline rocks are mostly silica-undersaturated with normative nepheline and olivine and are mostly classified as basanites and alkaline basalts with their low-silica contents ranging between 43 and 48?wt.% SiO2. They display Ocean Island Basalt (OIB)–type trace element patterns characterized by enrichments in large-ion-lithophile elements (LILE) and light rare earth element (LREE), and have (La/Yb)N?=?8.8–17.7 and (Hf/Sm)N?=?0.9–1.6 similar to those of basaltic rocks found in intraplate suites. The basanitic rocks have limited variations Sr-Nd isotopic ratios (87Sr/86Sr?=?0.70307–0.70324, 143Nd/144Nd?=?0.512918–0.521947), whereas the alkali basalts display more evolved Sr-Nd isotopic ratios (87Sr/86Sr?=?0.70346-0.70365, 143Nd/144Nd?=?0.512887–0.521896). The ?skenderun Gulf alkaline rocks also display limited Pb isotopic variations with 206Pb/204Pb?=?18.75–19.09 207Pb/204Pb?=?15.61–15.66 and208Pb/204Pb?=?38.65–39.02, indicating that they originated from an enriched lithospheric mantle source. Calculated fractionation vectors indicate that clinopyroxene and olivine are the main fractionating mineral phases. Similarly, based on Sr-Nd isotopic ratios, the assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC) modeling shows that the alkali basalts were affected by AFC processes (r?=?0.2) and were slightly contaminated by the upper crustal material.The high TiO2 contents, enrichments in Ba and Nb, and depletions in Rb can likely be explained by the existence of amphibole in the mantle source, which might, in turn, indicate that the source mantle has been affected by metasomatic processes. The modeling based on relative abundances of trace elements suggests involvement of amphibole-bearing peridotite as the source material. ?skenderun Gulf alkaline rocks can thus be interpreted as the products of variable extent of mixing between melts from both amphibole-bearing peridotite and dry peridotite.  相似文献   

14.
Zijinshan is a large porphyry–epithermal Cu–Au–Mo–Ag ore system located in the Zijinshan mineral field (ZMF) of southwestern Fujian Province, China. Although it is commonly accepted that the early Cretaceous magmatism and the metallogenesis of the mineral field are closely related, the tectonic setting for the ore-forming event(s) has been controversial and regarded as either extensional or subduction-related. New U–Pb zircon geochronology, Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic systematics, and geochemical data presented here from granites and volcanic rocks in the mineral field help to clarify this uncertainty.LA–MC–ICP-MS U–Pb zircon analyses yield weighted mean ages of between ca. 165 and 157 for the monzogranite, ca. 112 Ma for granodiorite, and between ca. 111 and 102 Ma for nine samples of volcanic units in the study area. These dates, integrated with previous geochronological data, indicate that there were two magmatic events in the area during the Middle to Late Jurassic and the Early Cretaceous. Major and trace element geochemistry indicates that these rocks are high-K, calc-alkaline granites, are enriched in LREE and Th, U, Ta, Nd, Sm and Yb, and depleted in Ba, K, Sr, P, Ti and Y. These features are characteristic of volcanic-arc granites or active-continental margin granites. The Middle to Late Jurassic monzogranitic plutons in the region have initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.7096 to 0.7173, εNdT values of − 10.1 to − 7.6, 206Pb/204Pb isotope ratios of 18.51–18.86, 207Pb/204Pb isotope ratios of 15.64–15.73, and 208Pb/204Pb isotope ratios of 38.76–39.18. The Early Cretaceous granodiorite and volcanic rocks are distinctly different with initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.7055–0.7116, εNdT values of − 8 to 0.5, 206Pb/204Pb ratios ranging between 18.49 and 19.77, 207Pb/204Pb ratios of 15.63–15.71, and 208Pb/204Pb ratios of 38.71–40.62. These characteristics suggest that the source for the Middle to Late Jurassic monzogranitic plutons is a partially melted Mesoproterozoic substrate, with a minor component from Paleozoic material, whereas the Early Cretaceous granodiorite and volcanic rocks may represent mixing of crustal and mantle-derived melts. It is therefore suggested that the Middle to Late Jurassic monzogranitic plutons, and the Early Cretaceous granodiorite and volcanic rocks in the ZMF are the result of an active continental-margin setting related to the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate beneath the Eurasian continent. Given that the mineralization and the early Cretaceous granodiorite and volcanic rocks in the area are genetically related, the Zijinshan porphyry–epithermal ore system formed in the subduction-related tectonic setting.  相似文献   

15.
Seven hundred and twenty-five Sr, two hundred and forty-three Nd and one hundred and fifty-one Pb isotopic ratios from seven different Mexican magmatic provinces were compiled in an extensive geochemical database. Data were arranged according to the Mexican geological provinces, indicating for each province total number of analyses, range and mean of values and two times standard deviation (2σ). Data from seven provinces were included in the database: Mexican Volcanic Belt (MVB), Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO), Baja California (BC), Pacific Ocean (PacOc), Altiplano (AP), Sierra Madre del Sur (SMS), and Sierra Madre Oriental (SMOr). Isotopic values from upper mantle and lower crustal xenoliths, basement outcrops and sediments from the Cocos Plate were also compiled. In the MVB the isotopic ratios range as follows:87Sr/86Sr 0.703003-0.70841;143Nd/144Nd 0.512496-0.513098;206Pb/204Pb 18.567-19.580;207Pb/204Pb 15.466-15.647;208Pb/204Pb 38.065-38.632. The SMO shows a large variation in87Sr/86Sr ranging from ∼0.7033 to 0.71387.143Nd/144Nd ratios are relatively less variable with values from 0.51191 to 0.51286. Pb isotope ratios in the SMO are as follows:206Pb/204Pb 18.060-18.860;207Pb/204Pb 15.558-15.636;208Pb/204Pb 37.945-38.625. PacOc rocks show the most depleted Sr and Nd isotopic ratios (0.70232-0.70567 for Sr and 0.512631-0.513261 for Nd). Pb isotopes for PacOc show the following range:206Pb/204Pb 18.049-19.910;207Pb/2047Pb 15.425-15.734;208Pb/204Pb 37.449-39.404. The isotopic ratios of the AP rocks seem to be within the range of those from the PacOc. Most samples with reported Sr and Nd isotopic data are spread within and around the “mantle array”. The SMO seems to have been formed by a mixing process between mantle derived magmas and continental crust. The MVB appears to have a larger mantle component, with AFC as the dominant petrogenetic process for the evolved rocks. There is still a need for Pb isotopic data in all Mexican magmatic provinces and of Nd isotopes in BC, AP, SMS, and SMOr.  相似文献   

16.
The Dexing porphyry copper deposit, part of the circum-Pacific porphyry copper ore belt, is the largest porphyry copper deposit in China. We present new LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb and molybdenite Re–Os dating, bulk-rock elemental and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic as well as in situ zircon Hf isotopic geochemistry for these ore-bearing porphyries, in an attempt to better constrain their petrogenesis. LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb dating shows that the Dexing porphyries were emplaced in the early Middle Jurassic (～171 Ma); molybdenite Re–Os dating indicates that the associated Cu–Mo mineralization was contemporaneous (～171 Ma) with the igneous intrusion. The rocks are mainly high-K calc-alkaline and show adakitic affinities, including high Sr and low Y and Yb contents, high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios, and high Mg# (higher than pure crustal melts). These porphyries have initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.7044?0.7047, ?Nd(T) values of –1.5 to?+0.6, and ?Hf(T) (in situ zircon) values of?+2.6 to?+4.6. They show unusually radiogenic Pb isotopic compositions with initial 206Pb/204Pb ratios up to 18.41 and 207Pb/204Pb up to 15.61. These isotopic compositions are distinctly different from either Pacific MORB or Yangtze lower crust but are similar to the subducting sediments in the western Pacific trenches. Detailed elemental and isotopic data suggest that the Dexing porphyries were emplaced in a continental arc setting coupled with westward subduction of the palaeo-Pacific plate. Partial melting involved the subducted slab (mainly the overlying sediments), with generated melts interacting with the lithospheric mantle wedge, thereby forming the investigated high-K calc-alkaline porphyry magmas.  相似文献   

17.
The petrology, geochemistry, and isotope ratios of volcanics dredged during the 43rd cruise of R/V Academik Ioffe on the Bathymetrists Seamounts in the eastern equatorial Atlantic have been studied. These are alkaline volcanics of basic and ultramafic compositions. Spider diagrams of the trace elements of volcanic rocks demonstrate strong fractionation, indicating formation of their primary melts from an enriched mantle source at garnet depth facies. Considering the isotope ratio values of 143Nd/144Nd, 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, 208Pb/204Pb, and 87Sr/86Sr and the character of their variations, the volcanic mantle source was chemically heterogeneous: for various volcanic rocks it was a mixture of the mantle components HIMU with EM–1 or EM–2. Limestones dredged together with the volcanics yielded microfossils suggesting a Middle Eocene age of their formation in a carbonate platform environment.  相似文献   

18.
Over 200 H, O, Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope analyses, in addition to geologic and petrologic constraints, document the magmatic evolution of the 28.5–19 Ma Latir volcanic field and associated intrusive rocks, which includes multiple stages of crustal assimilation, magma mixing, protracted crystallization, and open- and closed-system evolution in the upper crust. In contrast to data from younger volcanic centers in northern New Mexico, relatively low and restricted primary 18O values (+6.4 to +7.4) rule out assimilation of supracrustal rocks enriched in 18O. Initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.705 to 0.708), 18O values (-2 to-7), and 206Pb/204Pb ratios (17.5 to 18.4) of metaluminous precaldera volcanic rocks and postcaldera plutonic rocks suggest that most Latir rocks were generated by fractional crystallization of substantial volumes of mantle-derived basaltic magma that had near-chondritic Nd isotope ratios, accompanied by assimilation of crustal material in two main stages: 1) assimilation of non-radiogenic lower crust, followed by 2) assimilation of middle and upper crust by inter-mediate-composition magmas that had been contaminated during the first stage. Magmatic evolution in the upper crust peaked with eruption of the peralkaline Amalia Tuff (26 Ma), which evolved from metaluminous parental magmas. A third stage of late, roofward assimilation of Proterozoic rocks in the Amalia Tuff magma is indicated by trends in initial 87Sr/86Sr and 206Pb/204Pb ratios from 0.7057 to 0.7098 and 19.5 to 18.8, respectively, toward the top of the pre-eruptive magma chamber. Highly evolved postcaldera plutons are generally fine grained and are zoned in initial 87Sr/86Sr and 206Pb/204Pb ratios, varying from 0.705 to 0.709 and 17.8 to 18.6, respectively. In contrast, the coarser-grained Cabresto Lake (25 Ma) and Rio Hondo (21 Ma) plutons have relatively homogeneous initial 87Sr/86Sr and 206Pb/204Pb ratios of approximately 0.7053 and 17.94 and 17.55, respectively. 18O values for all the postcaldera plutons overlap those of the precaldera rocks and Amalia Tuff, except for those for two late-stage rhyolite dikes associated with the Rio Hondo pluton that have 18O values of-8.6 and-9.5; these dikes are the only Latir rocks which may be largely crustal melts.Chemical and isotopic data from the Latir field suggest that large fluxes of mantle-derived basaltic magma are necessary for developing and sustaining large-volume volcanic centers. Development of a detailed model suggests that 6–15 km of new crust may have been added beneath the volcanic center; such an addition may result in significant changes in the chemical and Sr and Nd isotopic compositions of the crust, although Pb isotope ratios will remain relatively unchanged. If accompanied by assimilation, crystallization of pooled basaltic magma near the MOHO may produce substantial cumulates beneath the MOHO that generate large changes in the isotopic composition of the upper mantle. The Latir field may be similar to other large-volume, long-lived intracratonal volcanic fields that fundamentally owe their origins to extensive injection of basaltic magma into the lower parts of their magmatic systems. Such fields may overlie areas of significant crustal growth and hybridization.  相似文献   

19.
The western Anatolian volcanic province formed during Eocene to Recent times is one of the major volcanic belts in the Aegean–western Anatolian region. We present new chemical (whole-rock major and trace elements, and Sr, Nd, Pb and O isotopes) and new Ar/Ar age data from the Miocene volcanic rocks in the NE–SW-trending Neogene basins that formed on the northern part of the Menderes Massif during its exhumation as a core complex. The early-middle Miocene volcanic rocks are classified as high-K calc-alkaline (HKVR), shoshonitic (SHVR) and ultrapotassic (UKVR), with the Late Miocene basalts being transitional between the early-middle Miocene volcanics and the Na-alkaline Quaternary Kula volcanics (QKV). The early-middle Miocene volcanic rocks are strongly enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILE), have high 87Sr/86Sr(i) (0.70631–0.71001), low 143Nd/144Nd(i) (0.512145–0.512488) and high Pb isotope ratios (206Pb/204Pb = 18.838–19.148; 207Pb/204Pb = 15.672–15.725; 208Pb/204Pb = 38.904–39.172). The high field strength element (HFSE) ratios of the most primitive early-middle Miocene volcanic rocks indicate that they were derived from a mantle source with a primitive mantle (PM)-like composition. The HFSE ratios of the late Miocene basalts and QKV, on the other hand, indicate an OIB-like mantle origin—a hypothesis that is supported by their trace element patterns and isotopic compositions. The HFSE ratios of the early-middle Miocene volcanic rocks also indicate that their mantle source was distinct from those of the Eocene volcanic rocks located further north, and of the other volcanic provinces in the region. The mantle source of the SHVR and UKVR was influenced by (1) trace element and isotopic enrichment by subduction-related metasomatic events and (2) trace element enrichment by “multi-stage melting and melt percolation” processes in the lithospheric mantle. The contemporaneous SHVR and UKVR show little effect of upper crustal contamination. Trace element ratios of the HKVR indicate that they were derived mainly from lower continental crustal melts which then mixed with mantle-derived lavas (~20–40%). The HKVR then underwent differentiation from andesites to rhyolites via nearly pure fractional crystallization processes in the upper crust, such that have undergone a two-stage petrogenetic evolution.  相似文献   

20.
The Lovozero alkaline massif—an agpaitic nepheline syenite layered intrusion—is located in the central part of the Kola Peninsula, Russia, and belongs to the Kola ultramafic alkaline and carbonatitic province (KACP) of Devonian age. Associated loparite and eudialyte deposits, which contain immense resources of REE, Nb, Ta, and Zr, constitute a world class mineral district. Previous Sr, Nd, and Hf isotope investigations demonstrated that these rocks and mineral deposits were derived from a depleted mantle source. However, because the Sr, Nd, and Hf abundances in the Kola alkaline rocks are significantly elevated, their isotopic compositions were relatively insensitive to contamination by the underlying crustal rocks through which the intruding magmas passed. Pb occurring in relatively lower abundance in the KACP rocks, by contrast, would have been a more sensitive indicator of an acquired crustal component. Here, we investigate the lead isotopic signature of representative types of Lovozero rocks in order to further characterize their sources. The measured Pb isotopic composition was corrected using the determined U and Th concentrations to the age of the crystallization of the intrusion (376?±?28 Ma, based on a 206Pb/204Pb versus 238U/204Pb isochron and 373?±?9 Ma, from a 208Pb/204Pb versus 232Th/204Pb isochron). Unlike the previously investigated Sr, Nd, and Hf isotopes, the lead isotopic composition plot was well outside the FOZO field. The 206Pb/204Pb values fall within the depleted MORB field, with some rocks having lower 207Pb/204Pb but higher 208Pb/204Pb values. Together with other related carbonatites having both lower and higher 206Pb/204Pb values, the combined KACP rocks form an extended linear array defining either a?~2.5-Ga secondary isochron or a mixing line. The projection of this isotopic array toward the very unradiogenic composition of underlying 2.4–2.5-Ga basaltic rocks of the Matachewan superplume and associated Archean granulite facies country rock provides strong evidence that this old lower crust was the contaminant responsible for the deviation of the Lovozero rocks from a presumed original FOZO lead isotopic composition. Evaluating the presence of such a lower crustal component in the Lovozero rock samples suggests a 5–10% contamination by such rocks. Contamination by upper crustal rock is limited to only a negligible amount.  相似文献   

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