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1.
早全新世季风演化的高分辨率石笋δ18O记录研究--以河南老母洞石笋为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于豫西老母洞LM2石笋8个高精度230Th年龄,449个氧碳同位素,建立了达十年际分辨率的8.2~10.9 ka B.P.亚洲季风变化的δ18O记录序列.老母洞石笋δ18O值最为偏负达-12.0‰,最偏正为-8.2‰,振幅达3.8‰.早全新世10.13~10.9 ka B.P.时段内,河南西部老母洞石笋和东石崖石笋,陕西九仙洞C996-2石笋δ18O曲线揭示该时段内季风稳定,而中国南方的衙门洞石笋、三宝洞石笋和极地冰芯GRIP记录揭示该时段季风逐渐增强;同时季风达到顶峰的时期也不相同,进一步说明中国南北方早全新世10.13~10.9 ka B.P.时段季风演变过程的差异,可能与中国南北方气候的响应机制有关.从早全新世平均分辨率10年的LM2石笋记录中识别出8.2 ka,9.5 ka,10.2 ka和10.9 ka显著弱季风事件,尤其是8.2 ka和9.5 ka事件.对比分析老母洞与已发表的高分辨率石笋δ18O记录发现:石笋所揭示的某些冷事件发生时间在亚洲季风区存在差异,主要表现在事件内部变化特征及趋势上.LM2石笋δ18O曲线并没有明显记录9.3 ka弱季风事件,而是在9.3~9.6 ka B.P.左右记录了一个弱季风事件,与DSY09(2009)、Y1、HS-4记录相似,表明在该时段内存在季风的减弱事件,但是氧同位素传输的复杂性,使其在南北方表现不同.此外,在LM2石笋δ18O的8.2 ka B.P.开始时段,氧同位素曲线阶段性下降,且变幅达3‰,与Zhang等研究万象洞石笋提出的“中国8 200阶段”吻合,表明中国北方地区的8.2 ka事件是阶段性的事件,而南方的石笋氧同位素记录揭示的8.2 ka事件并未表现出阶段性特征,其原因有待于更多北方高精度石笋记录来进一步研究.LM2石笋氧同位素记录进行功率谱分析发现:在短尺度上季风变化与太阳活动密切相关,这与近年来对早全新世极端气候变化研究的驱动机制是一致的,早全新世亚洲季风的演化与太阳活动变化引起的太阳辐射能量的变化和北半球高纬气候的变化状况有关. 相似文献
2.
全新世气候突变事件是全球变化研究的热点,但对其行为特征与动力学机制的认识仍存在不足。本文选取贵州董哥洞2支高分辨率、高精度定年的石笋（DX1和DA）δ18O记录,分析小冰期和“8.2 ka BP”事件期间亚洲夏季风强度变化的结构特征与其驱动机制。通过两个突变事件的精细对比,发现两者在持续时间、振荡幅度和转型特征等方面均有很好的相似性,尤其是均显示出“两谷一峰”的结构性特征。北高纬地区淡水注入导致大西洋经向翻转流（AMOC）的减弱可能是触发“8.2 ka BP”事件的重要驱动力,这暗示具有相似结构特征的小冰期弱季风事件可能也响应于AMOC机制。将小冰期时期石笋δ18O记录与指示AMOC变化的北大西洋放射性碳数据进行对比,发现两者具有相似的变化过程,这表明在早晚全新世不同气候背景条件下,AMOC仍能够通过影响南北半球温度梯度的变化而影响低纬热带辐合带位置的移动,进而调控千-百年尺度低纬季风区水文循环的时空变化。 相似文献
3.
对贵州荔波董歌洞D4石笋的再次高密度230Th测年及碳、氧同位素分析，在16 ka 以来的部分，平均分辨率达 18a 。研究表明，氧同位素记录除反映季风的强弱变化外，能更好地揭示 H1，BA，YD以及全新世中 9.1ka，8.2ka、4.6ka 气候突变事件。碳同位素记录和沉积速率则能更好地反映气候干湿的变化。石笋记录对气候期的正确划分及突变事件的准确定位及定年，可为全球变化其他记录的研究提供一个可靠时间系列的基准标尺。 相似文献
4.
末次冰消期以来的气候突变事件的时空变化特征及其区域响应是古气候环境变化研究的重要内容,然而亚洲中部干旱区末次冰消期以来的气候突变记录较少,尤其缺少末次冰消期期间快速转暖过程的区域响应.本研究通过对位于亚洲中部干旱区的新疆西天山中部亚高山湖泊赛里木湖湖心采得的长300 cm的SLM2009钻孔沉积物的碳酸盐含量和粒度变化特征的分析,在 14 个 AMS 14C测年数据的基础上,探讨了末次冰消期约23. 4 cal. ka B. P.以来亚洲中部干旱区的气候突变事件记录及其区域响应过程.结果表明:赛里木湖湖心钻孔沉积物完整记录了 H1 ( 17. 5 ~ 15. 2 cal. ka B. P.)、 YD ( 12. 6 ~ 11. 7 cal. ka B. P.)冷事件以及 B-A ( 15. 2 ~12. 9 cal. ka B. P.)暖事件等末次冰消期气候突变事件以及全新世以来的10. 5 ka、 8. 2 ka、 5. 5 ka、 4. 2 ka、 2. 8 ka和小冰期冷事件,这与亚洲中部干旱区已有的气候突变事件记录相吻合,表明末次冰消期以来亚洲中部干旱区具有相似的气候突变演化模式.同时这些气候突变事件与高纬冰芯以及低纬石笋氧同位素记录的一致性则表明气候突变具有全球性影响,受相同的成因机制因素控制. 相似文献
5.
据湖北省神农架永兴洞一支石笋的8个230Th年龄、648个δ18O数据,建立了晚全新世4.40～ 1.75ka B.P.时段平均分辨率为4a的东亚夏季风演化序列,其中在2.92～ 2.74ka B.P.期间,δ18O发生显著正偏,幅度达2.5‰,指示一个显著的弱季风事件(这里称之“2.8ka”事件).该事件以夏季风缓慢减弱开始,迅速增强结束,事件内部有两个次一级的振荡旋回(两峰三谷结构),在内部细节与转型特征上类似湖北和尚洞石笋δ18O记录的“8.2ka”事件,暗示发生在全新世这两个冷事件的驱动机制基本一致.这两个弱季风事件都发生在太阳活动明显减弱时期,并分别与北大西洋Bond 2和Bond 5冰漂碎屑事件同步,表明百年尺度的东亚季风环流的演化由太阳活动和北高纬气候共同驱动. 相似文献
6.
本研究利用辽宁本溪庙洞石笋MD12,通过230Th定年和高分辨率氧同位素分析,并集成庙洞另一支石笋MD11序列,重建了3.04~2.60 ka B.P.时期辽东地区夏季风(降水)变化历史。该石笋氧同位素序列记录了2.8 ka事件的详细过程,事件的核心阶段起止时间约为2.76~2.66 ka B.P.,中心点位于2.68 ka B.P.,稍微晚于西南石笋氧同位素记录(约2.71 ka B.P.),但是在事件的开始时间上,庙洞石笋氧同位素记录比西南石笋氧同位素记录晚了约100年。因此,庙洞石笋氧同位素记录与西南石笋氧同位素记录中显示的缓慢减弱-快速增强模式不同,2.8 ka事件在辽东石笋氧同位素记录中表现为快速减弱-突然增强的变化模式,与太阳活动代用指标一致变化,支持太阳活动是2.8 ka弱季风事件驱动因子的观点。庙洞石笋氧同位素快速响应太阳活动的变化特征,说明其动力学机制可能是太阳活动减弱导致北半球高纬度地区温度降低,然后通过大气"遥相关"作用影响东亚夏季风。 相似文献
7.
Heinrich 1（H1）事件是末次冰期向全新世转变过程中,北高纬大冰盖快速崩塌的冰盖不稳定事件,其气候环境影响深远。东亚地区石笋δ18O记录在H1事件时,普遍正偏至冰期的较大值,此正偏值通常指示东亚季风整体减弱。然而,在长江中游地区反映局地水文变化的石笋微量元素和碳同位素记录,显示在H1事件时梅雨量增加。梅雨与东亚季风强度的反相关关系是否存在,这有待更多记录的验证与支持。基于长江下游梅雨区南京葫芦洞石笋铀元素的水文变化特征,发现在H1事件时,梅雨整体增多。在H1事件内部结构特征上,高分辨率石笋δ18O记录显示,以~16.1 ka B.P.为界,东亚季风强度存在两个不同状态,类似的转变过程在铀元素记录中有所体现,表现为梅雨量由低到高的转变特征。石笋δ18O记录的这一季风强度变化过程在20年内完成,铀元素记录尽管分辨率不高,但也表现为快速转变的特征。这种对应的快速转变过程,表明石笋铀元素对东亚季风大气环流变化的积极响应;另一方面,也证实了铀元素对气候环境变化的有效记录。南京葫芦洞石笋铀元素记录了梅雨在长江下游地区H1事件期间增强的特征,进一步支持了梅雨与季风强度变化的反相关关系,提供了中国季风区降水空间差异的东部记录。 相似文献
8.
基于湖北神农架青天洞1支长179mm石笋的8个230Th年龄、890条纹层和445个氧同位素数据,建立了早全新世8.8 ～7.9kaB.P.时段平均分辨率为2a的亚洲季风气候记录.结果显示,8.34～8.10kaB.P.期间石笋δ18O明显正偏,指示了一次持续约240a的弱夏季风事件.该弱夏季风事件与同期格陵兰冰芯记录的中心事件(在8.21kaB.P.,持续70a)及淡水注入模拟结果基本一致,表明“8.2ka”事件与淡水注入导致的大西洋经向翻转流减弱或关闭有关.然而,“8.2ka”事件发生前约120a,亚洲季风已开始逐渐减弱,与太阳活动明显减弱时间相对应,据此推测太阳活动可能对“8.2ka”事件具有一定的触发作用. 相似文献
9.
青藏高原与黄土高原过渡带的甘肃武都万象洞位于现代夏季风的边缘区, 对气候变化极为敏感.通过洞内一支石笋WX40D的6个高精度TIMS-U系定年数据和616个样品的氧同位素测定, 建立了28.3~23.0 ka B.P., 分辨率约为10年的亚洲季风气候变化序列. 石笋δ18O记录揭示Marine Isotope Stage 2 (MIS2)早期东亚季风气候具有10~100 a尺度高频震荡特征, 从中识别出北大西洋Heinrich 2 (H2)特强冷事件, 且记录显示该事件开始于24.6 ka B.P., 呈突发式降温之后持续跌宕式降温变化. 对比研究发现, 万象洞石笋δ18O记录H2事件与葫芦洞、天鹅洞的石笋记录有差别, 但是与湖南金滩湾洞穴石笋δ18O记录、33°N太阳辐射强度以及极地GRIP冰心记录变化趋势一致, 表明季风边缘区气候变化主要受北半球中纬度太阳辐射能背景、北大西洋冰漂碎屑带的扩张以及低纬太平洋海表温度变化等因素的控制, 同时万象洞特殊的地理位置使得区域气候更易受到与极地气候有密切联系的亚洲冬季风和西风环流变化的影响. 相似文献
10.
根据湖北永兴洞石笋(YX51)10个U/Th年龄,470组氧、碳同位素数据建立了深海氧同位素3阶段(MIS3)早期57.7~35.6kaB.P.期间东亚夏季风演化时间序列。在发育时段,千年尺度δ18O峰谷变化与高纬冰芯记录的Dansgaard-Oeschger(DO)事件一致;δ13C呈现出与δ18O正相关同步演化特征,但受区域环境影响,在事件内部细节上存在差异。区域对比表明,同一季风区的永兴洞和葫芦洞石笋δ18O指示的季风降水同位素组成具有本质上一致性;高低纬记录对比显示,千年尺度的峰谷变化一一对应,反映热带辐合带(ITCZ)水汽传输能力、平均位置变化对东亚季风和高北纬气候具有重要影响。在DO13至DO15事件内部,永兴洞石笋δ18O记录了显著的双峰特征,说明低纬季风强度变化和格陵兰冰芯δ18O揭示的次级暖峰具有一致对应关系,指示大气快速传输机制在高低纬环境突变中起着重要作用。 相似文献
11.
The regional climate correlation within the Northern Hemisphere in the cold/dry mid-Younger Dryas event (YD) remains elusive. A key to unraveling this issue is sufficient knowledge of the detailed climate variability at the low latitudes. Here we present a high-resolution (3-yr) δ18O record of an annually laminated stalagmite from central China that reveals a detailed Asian monsoon (AM) history from 13.36 to 10.99 ka. The YD in this record is expressed as three phases, characterized by gradual onsets but rapid ends. During the mid-YD, the AM variability exhibited an increasing trend superimposed by three centennial oscillations, well-correlated to changes in Greenland temperatures. These warming/wetting fluctuations show a periodicity of ~ 200 yr, generally in agreement with centennial changes in cosmogenic nuclides indicated by the 10Be flux from the Greenland ice. This relationship implies that centennial-scale climate changes during the mid-YD are probably caused by solar output and rapidly transported over broad regions through atmosphere reorganization. 相似文献
12.
Using results from coupled climate model simulations of the 8.2 ka climate event that produced a cold period over Greenland in agreement with the reconstructed cooling from ice cores, we investigate the typical pattern of climate anomalies (fingerprint) to provide a framework for the interpretation of global proxy data for the 8.2 ka climate event. For this purpose we developed an analysis method that isolates the forced temperature response and provides information on spatial variations in magnitude, timing and duration that characterise the detectable climate event in proxy archives. Our analysis shows that delays in the temperature response to the freshwater forcing are present, mostly in the order of decades (30 a over central Greenland). The North Atlantic Ocean initially cools in response to the freshwater perturbation, followed in certain parts by a warm response. This delay, occurring more than 200 a after the freshwater pulse, hints at an overshoot in the recovery from the freshwater perturbation. The South Atlantic and the Southern Ocean show a warm response reflecting the bipolar seesaw effect. The duration of the simulated event varies for different areas, and the highest probability of recording the event in proxy archives is in the North Atlantic Ocean area north of 40° N. Our results may facilitate the interpretation of proxy archives recording the 8.2 ka event, as they show that timing and duration cannot be assumed to correspond with the timing and duration of the event as recorded in Greenland ice cores. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
13.
Christopher P. Francis Stefan Engels Ian P. Matthews Adrian P. Palmer Rhys G. O. Timms Anne-Lise Jourdan Ian Candy 《第四纪科学杂志》2021,36(3):325-338
Three clearly defined abrupt cooling events (ACEs) can be observed within Greenland Interstadial (GI)-1 in the Greenland ice-core records. However, the spatial variation in amplitude and timing of these ACEs is poorly understood due to the paucity of well-dated records with quantified temperature reconstructions. This study presents high-resolution chironomid-inferred July air temperature (TJul) and oxygen isotope (δ18O) records from Crudale Meadow (Orkney Isles, UK). Three centennial-scale ACEs punctuate the Windermere Interstadial at Crudale Meadow. The largest ACE shows an amplitude of 5.4 °C and a 1% isotopic decline and is centred on ~14.0 ka bp , consistent with the timing of the GI-1d event in the Greenland stratigraphy. The two other observed ACEs are of smaller magnitude and are centred on ~13.6 ka bp and ~13.2 ka bp , with these smaller magnitude events tentatively correlated with the GI-1cii and GI-1b events, respectively, but lack sufficient chronological constraint to fully assess their timing. When comparing the Crudale Meadow record with other locations in the British Isles a strong relationship can be observed between the magnitude of TJul cooling and latitude, with a reduced signal in more southerly locations, indicating that oceanic forcing may be a key driver of the ACEs. 相似文献
14.
"8.2 ka BP冷事件"的研究现状展望 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
统计了全新世早期气候突变事件"8.2 ka BP冷事件", 并对其触发机制及区域气候响应做了较深入的分析. 从各种气候记录的分布情况来看, 全新世早期的这次冷事件是全球性气候事件, 并非是一种局部气候变冷事件. 全新世早期Agassiz和Ojibway阻塞湖在大约8.47 cal ka BP时突然排泄, 可能是造成8.4～8.0 cal ka BP时期北大西洋地区突然降温的主要原因;另外, 8.4～8.0 cal ka BP期间的太阳辐射量减小或太阳活动减弱, 也可能对全新世早期的这次冷事件有一定强化作用. 由于西风带南移和季风环流减弱等原因的影响, 使得这次冷事件区域气候响应有明显的不同, 欧洲的中高纬度地区、东亚地区呈现一种冷干的气候状态;北美洲三分之二的地区降水量减少、风力加强;中美洲、非洲的大部分地区和阿拉伯半岛均以干旱为主;东欧、地中海地区呈现普遍的冷湿气候环境, 亚马逊盆地、智利玻利维亚高原呈现低湿的气候状况. 相似文献
15.
Precise timing and characterization of abrupt climate change 8200 years ago from air trapped in polar ice 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《Quaternary Science Reviews》2007,26(9-10):1212-1222
How fast and how much climate can change has significant implications for concerns about future climate changes and their potential impacts on society. An abrupt climate change 8200 years ago (8.2 ka event) provides a test case to understand possible future climatic variability. Here, methane concentration (taken as an indicator for terrestrial hydrology) and nitrogen isotopes (Greenland temperature) in trapped air in a Greenland ice core (GISP2) are employed to scrutinize the evolution of the 8.2 ka event. The synchronous change in methane and nitrogen implies that the 8.2 ka event was a synchronous event (within ±4 years) at a hemispheric scale, as indicated by recent climate model results [Legrande, A. N., Schmidt, G. A., Shindell, D. T., Field, C. V., Miller, R. L., Koch, D. M., Faluvegi, G., Hoffmann, G., 2006. Consistent simulations of multiple proxy responses to an abrupt climate change event. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103, 837–842]. The event began with a large-scale general cooling and drying around ∼8175±30 years BP (Before Present, where Present is 1950 AD). Greenland temperature cooled by 3.3±1.1 °C (decadal average) in less than ∼20 years, and atmospheric methane concentration decreased by ∼80±25 ppb over ∼40 years, corresponding to a 15±5% emission reduction. Hemispheric scale cooling and drying, inferred from many paleoclimate proxies, likely contributed to this emission reduction. In central Greenland, the coldest period lasted for ∼60 years, interrupted by a milder interval of a few decades, and temperature subsequently warmed in several steps over ∼70 years. The total duration of the 8.2 ka event was roughly 150 years. 相似文献
16.
H2事件是发生于末次冰盛期的一次显著的气候突变事件,对理解千年气候事件和内部机制具有重要意义.然而,目前具有高精度和精确定年的H2事件气候记录依然很少,这在很大程度上限制了对H2事件起止时间、内部细节和触发机制的进一步研究.本研究基于印度东北部乞拉朋齐洞(Cherrapunji Cave)具有年纹层的石笋CHE-2 (总长940 mm)的21个U-Th年代、 2701条纹层的计数和259个δ18O数据,重建了25. 50~24. 76 ka B. P.和24. 38~22. 42 ka B. P.(99. 5~437. 0 mm样品段)期间石笋δ18O的高分辨率(24. 38~23. 08 ka B. P.时段平均分辨率8年,其他时段平均分辨率14年)、精确时间序列,刻画了印度东北部地区H2事件的结束过程和精细结构.研究表明,乞拉朋齐洞石笋记录的H2事件结束时段为 24. 280±0. 028~23. 436±0. 028 ka B. P.,共持续 844±3年,振幅约为1. 9‰,事件发生时间在误差范围内与东亚季风区石笋记录和格陵兰冰芯记录同步,在此期间,δ18O记录呈现了两次负偏过程(24. 28~24. 17 ka B. P.和23. 90~23. 44 ka B. P.)和一段相对稳定过程(24. 17~23. 90 ka B. P.),叠加了多个百年-十年际尺度的气候振荡.本研究得到的高分辨率δ18O精确时间序列对于改善气候模型和检验气候事件假说有一定意义.从亚洲季风区与高纬地区同时段H2事件记录的对比来看,其发生机制可能主要包括以下几个方面: 1)淡水注入北大西洋导致AMOC减弱,北高纬温度降低,推动ITCZ南移;北高纬温度变化的信号通过西风带和蒙古冷高压传递到亚洲季风区,从而影响亚洲夏季风;2)H2事件结束过程可能受到南极缓慢变暖的影响;3)低纬和青藏高原的变化也可能对H2事件产生复杂的影响.这些依然有待更多的高分辨率记录和气候模拟结果的进一步验证. 相似文献
17.
The 8.2 ka bp cooling event is assumed to be the most clearly marked abrupt climate event in the Holocene at northern mid‐ to high latitudes. In this study, we simulate the vegetation responses to the 8.2 ka bp climate change event over Europe and Northern Africa. Our results show that all dominant plant functional types (PFTs) over Europe and North Africa respond to these climate changes, but the magnitude, timing and impact factor of their responses are different. Compared with pollen‐based vegetation reconstructions, our simulation generally captures the main features of vegetation responses to the 8.2 ka bp event. Interestingly, in Western Europe, the simulated vegetation after perturbation is different from its initial state, which is consistent with two high‐resolution pollen records. This different vegetation composition indicates the long‐lasting impact of abrupt climate change on vegetation through eco‐physiological and ecosystem demographic processes, such as plant competition. Moreover, our simulations suggest a latitudinal gradient in the magnitude of the event, with more pronounced vegetation responses to the severe cooling in the north and weaker responses to less severe cooling in the south. This effect is not seen in pollen records. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Quaternary Science Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
18.
S.D. Mooney S.P. Harrison P.J. Bartlein A.-L. Daniau J. Stevenson K.C. Brownlie S. Buckman M. Cupper J. Luly M. Black E. Colhoun D. D’Costa J. Dodson S. Haberle G.S. Hope P. Kershaw C. Kenyon M. McKenzie N. Williams 《Quaternary Science Reviews》2011,30(1-2):28-46
We have compiled 223 sedimentary charcoal records from Australasia in order to examine the temporal and spatial variability of fire regimes during the Late Quaternary. While some of these records cover more than a full glacial cycle, here we focus on the last 70,000 years when the number of individual records in the compilation allows more robust conclusions. On orbital time scales, fire in Australasia predominantly reflects climate, with colder periods characterized by less and warmer intervals by more biomass burning. The composite record for the region also shows considerable millennial-scale variability during the last glacial interval (73.5–14.7 ka). Within the limits of the dating uncertainties of individual records, the variability shown by the composite charcoal record is more similar to the form, number and timing of Dansgaard–Oeschger cycles as observed in Greenland ice cores than to the variability expressed in the Antarctic ice-core record. The composite charcoal record suggests increased biomass burning in the Australasian region during Greenland Interstadials and reduced burning during Greenland Stadials. Millennial-scale variability is characteristic of the composite record of the sub-tropical high pressure belt during the past 21 ka, but the tropics show a somewhat simpler pattern of variability with major peaks in biomass burning around 15 ka and 8 ka. There is no distinct change in fire regime corresponding to the arrival of humans in Australia at 50 ± 10 ka and no correlation between archaeological evidence of increased human activity during the past 40 ka and the history of biomass burning. However, changes in biomass burning in the last 200 years may have been exacerbated or influenced by humans. 相似文献
19.
中国泥炭记录末次冰消期以来古气候研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
泥炭记录的环境演变是过去全球变化（PAGES）研究的重要领域之一,分析了中国泥炭记录的古气候演化研究的区域范围,当前主要以东北哈尼、青藏高原的红原、神农架大九湖以及华南定南大湖四个位于东部季风区的研究工作最为集中。泥炭沉积高分辨率综合信息揭示了末次冰消期以来中国气候变化的时空特征：冷暖干湿变化既有一致性又表现出区域差异,末次冰消期东北地区、东部山地、华南地区都表现出冷偏湿的气候特点,而青藏高原却为冷偏干或凉偏干;Younger Dryas（YD）事件之后,全新世早期和中期青藏高原、东部山地、华南地区气候总体以温湿为主要特征,而东北地区有效降水减少,到全新世晚期,呈现出干旱的变化趋势。并对B~A事件,YD事件,8.2 ka 以及4.2 ka等重大气候突变事件研究工作进行了综述。最后指出今后应拓展与重建更多区域古气候环境变化序列的对比,加强泥炭沉积及环境指标的基础理论,重视和提高大气沉降泥炭档案以及气候变化背景下泥炭地碳循环机制等研究工作。 相似文献