共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
利用实测重力垂直梯度反演长白山地区一剖面的深部构造 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
针对重力梯度高分辨率的特点,利用在长白山地区实测的重力垂直梯度数据,采用梯度空间参量图反演其深部构造。台阶模型试验表明: 重力梯度空间参量图能给出构造倾角和倾面的信息,结合重力梯度剖面和梯度空间参量图可以构建出地下构造的几何模型,进而对一些复杂构造进行解释。通过对比实测布格重力异常和实测重力梯度异常,重力梯度比重力异常的分辨率更高; 将梯度法应用到实测重力梯度数据的处理中,结果表明: 该方法对确定密度变化界面的水平位置和深度具有非常好的效果。 相似文献
2.
南海重力异常特征及其显著的构造意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在南海地区地震测深数据有限的情况下,利用重力异常可以研究南海大范围的深部地壳结构及地质构造展布特征。基于空间重力异常,结合最新的地形、沉积物厚度及地震测深等数据,分别从地震约束的莫霍面反演和无约束的三维相关成像两个视角研究南海的地壳结构,利用壳幔界面起伏、地壳厚度及三维等效密度分布来探讨地壳结构的纵横向变化。同时,联合采用延拓、水平梯度及线性构造增强滤波方法聚焦重力异常中的区域线性特征,突出显示了反映地壳横向变化的深断裂、洋陆转换边界、海盆扩张轴等线性构造的展布。重力解释与贯穿南海南北的广州-巴拉望地学断面对比表明,重力异常反演及异常的区域线性特征,较好地揭示了南海海域大范围的地壳结构与区域构造展布。 相似文献
3.
南海西南次海盆的平面形态比较独特，是一个往北东开口、尖角指向西南的“V”字型海盆。正确认识其扩张运动学特征是研究南海新生代扩张与构造演化的关键一环。本文利用反射地震剖面、重力异常和磁异常资料、IODP大洋钻孔资料等，详细分析了西南次海盆的地质构造特征。研究结果揭示，次海盆边缘扩张期的上超层序自北东而西南特征相同，是海盆同一时间开启形成的沉积；作为西南次海盆与东部次海盆的构造分界，中南- 礼乐断裂带并非完全呈S—N向延伸，而是一条南、北两端均朝西弯曲、略呈弧形的断裂带，此为西南次海盆扩张期间呈扇形推移所导致；西南次海盆西部一条断层面西倾的断裂带在此分隔了扩张海盆区与过渡壳区，两区之上发育一套扩张期间沉积的层序，覆盖在扩张区的洋壳之上和过渡壳区的古近系之上，证实两区经历了同步拉张的过程。由此证实，西南次海盆的扩张运动学模式为“剪刀式扩张”。即海盆的扩张自北东而西南同时开启，扩张速率却自北东而西南逐渐减慢，导致越往西洋壳区越窄，使得海盆西部尖角区域成为有拉张而无扩张、面积较窄的过渡壳区，因而形成呈“V”字型展布的西南次海盆。 相似文献
4.
本文在综合整理中国东南沿海一带区域物化探资料的基础上,对羊洲-下桐市-火轩市-酒港一带中生代火山岩铀矿化与深层构造和物化探异常的关系进行了研究。讨论了莫霍面、区域重力场和深层构造的关系;重力梯度带与火山岩铀矿的关系;重力梯度带内浅部重力异常与铀矿的关系。提出了中生代火山岩型铀成矿带与上地幔变异带、重力梯度带之间有密切相关的分布规律,重力梯度带内的浅部重力异常可以确定铀矿的空间位置等看法。此外,水系沉积物的分析结果也反映出Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag以及Ni、Cr、Co等元素的异常,在重力梯度带内有着特定的展布规律,其空间分布与铀元素也具有密切的联系。 相似文献
5.
南海北部古俯冲带的位置及其对南海扩张的控制 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了确定南海北部古俯冲带的具体位置,作者利用美国LCT综合反演软件对收集到的重磁数据进行处理解释,结果显示在南海北部从台湾西南部到一统暗沙隆起,即沿南海海盆北部陆坡为一条布格重力异常水平梯度峰值带,指示了古俯冲带的具体位置;其北部的高磁异常代表了与之对应的古火山弧。深反射地震资料也验证了南海北部陆坡位置存在古俯冲带,钻井资料显示俯冲带存在的时代为晚侏罗世到早白垩世。据此绘制了南海地区晚中生代到现今的构造古地理演化图,指出南海的扩张应与晚中生代俯冲带这个先存的软弱带有关,南海海盆正是从古俯冲带的位置开始扩张。 相似文献
6.
钻遇莫霍面是人类一直以来的梦想。深海海底是地球上离莫霍面最近的地方，目前有研究推测南海是世界上莫霍面深度最浅的海域之一，但缺乏足够的直接证据。深反射地震探测可以直接揭示岩石圈的构造形态，是莫霍面探测的重要手段。本文基于长达15000 km的深反射多道地震剖面的解释、处理、制图和分析，结合前人的研究，形成了南海海盆区莫霍面反射特征和空间分布的初步认识。① 南海东部次海盆南部早期经历了较快速扩张，岩浆供应充足，受扩张停止后岩浆活动影响较小，基底平坦，地质构造相对简单，同时洋壳地震速度结构不存在异常，且有较强的广角莫霍面反射波和可识别的地幔顶部折射波，具备莫霍面钻探的基本条件。② 南海海盆不同区域的莫霍面反射强度存在较大差异。其中东部次海盆莫霍面反射最为强烈且清晰，西北次海盆次之，西南次海盆仅有零星出现的清晰莫霍面反射且可信度不高。③ 识别南海海盆区莫霍面地震反射长度超过3500 km，首次形成了海盆区深度域莫霍面地震反射空间分布图。与重力反演的莫霍面深度相比，利用深反射多道地震计算的莫霍面深度细节更为丰富，并且可以在垂向上清晰刻画莫霍面的结构。整体上，南海海盆区莫霍面地震反射强烈和可信度高的区域中，深度较浅的区域之一是东部次海盆南部，最浅处仅约9. 5 km，其中水深4. 01 km，洋壳厚度仅5. 54 km。综合判断，东部次海盆南部是南海重要的莫霍面钻探备选区，这对南海莫霍面钻探选址具有重要意义。 相似文献
7.
利用重磁水平和垂直二阶导数确定东北地区梯度带 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分析了东北地区的重、磁场特征,同时对研究区的布格重力异常和航磁异常数据进行水平和垂直求导。水平和垂直参量图能给出断裂和走向的信息。结合布格重力异常图可以得出东北地区重力梯度带的走向和边界,并对比重力和磁力的垂直和各个角度的水平二阶导数来综合确定东北地区梯度带。利用求重力和磁力的水平和垂直二阶导数来划分东北地区梯度带。 相似文献
8.
根据海底地形地貌特征和区域构造走向,可将南海海盆分为三个次海盆：西北次海盆、西南次海盆和中央次海盆。通过地磁异常资料之分析对比,在中央次海盆中鉴别出５ｄ－１１号磁异常条带,推测其海底扩张年代为晚渐新世一早中新世（３２－１ＭａＢＰ）;在西南次海盆中鉴别出１８－１３号磁异常条带,推测其海底扩张年代为晚始新世一早渐新世（４２－３５ＭａＢＰ）。通过对穿过中央次海盆与西南海盆的地震反射剖面之分析,发现西南次 相似文献
9.
西南次海盆位于南海渐进式扩张的西南端,共轭陆缘结构和残留扩张脊保留完整,是研究南海深部结构和动力学机制的关键区域。前期研究发现,西南次海盆洋陆过渡带较窄、同扩张断层发育、地震反射莫霍面不清晰、具有慢速扩张等特征。然而,由于不同探测方法获取的地壳结构具有多解性,使得西南次海盆洋陆转换过程、慢速扩张洋壳结构与增生模式以及龙门海山岩石性质与地幔成因机制等基础科学问题尚存争议。为此我们建议在西南次海盆开展地质取样获取海山岩石样品,确定其年龄与性质,分析扩张后海山形成的深部动力过程;并对关键构造部署高精度的地震反射/折射联合探测,结合岩石物理分析,对西南次海盆进行构造成像和物质组成参数正反演,以实现壳幔尺度的地震学透视,为探索西南次海盆洋陆转换过程和洋壳增生模式提供重要的地球物理证据,以丰富和完善南海的动力学演化模式。 相似文献
10.
对南海南部地壳结构研究有助于揭示南海完整的演化历史。本研究对南海南部获取的两条多道地震剖面进行了地震 解释,并对重力数据进行了壳幔密度反演。其中 NH973-1 测线始于南海西南次海盆,覆盖了南沙中部的北段;NH973-2 测 线始于南海东部次海盆,穿越礼乐滩东侧。反演结果显示,莫霍面埋深在海盆区 10~11 km,陆缘区 15~21 km 左右,洋壳向 陆壳莫霍面深度迅速增加。海盆区厚度在 6~7 km,为典型的洋壳;陆缘区地壳厚度在 15~19 km,为减薄型地壳。进一步研 究表明(1)在西南次海盆残余扩张脊之下,莫霍面比两侧略深;(2)在礼乐滩外侧海盆区有高值重力异常体,推测为洋壳与深 部岩浆混合的块体;(3)南沙区域上地壳存在高密度带,且横向上岩性可能变化。南海南部陆缘未发现有下地壳高速层,有 比较一致的构造属性和拉张样式,为非火山型陆缘。我们对两条测线陆缘的伸展因子进行了计算,发现上地壳脆性拉伸因 子与全地壳拉伸因子存在差异,其陆缘的拉张模式在纵向上是不均匀一的。 相似文献
11.
A large, roughly circular structural basin is recognised on the Falkland (Malvinas) Plateau to the NW of West Falkland (Gran Malvina) Island (S 51°00′, W 62°00′). The basin, seen in seismic‐reflection profiles and evident as a large negative gravity anomaly, has a diameter of ~250 km. The age of the basin is estimated to be Late Palaeozoic. It is completely buried by younger sediments and has no topographic expression on the sea floor. We propose that the basin and geophysical anomalies, especially the combination of a large circular negative gravity anomaly with a rim of positive anomalies, and a marked circular series of positive magnetic anomalies in the same area, may be best explained by the presence of a large buried impact structure. 相似文献
12.
依据重力、磁力异常数据及其处理结果( 水平梯度模和斜导数) ,对敦化盆地边界、基底起伏、断裂位置及以火成岩为代表的磁性体分布进行了研究。盆地重力异常的分析和水平梯度模及斜导数的计算结果表明,盆地基底具南部凹陷、中央凸起和北部凹陷的“两凹一凸”的起伏形态特征,盆地内断裂以SW--NE 向为主,盆地为单断半地堑式盆地。依据航磁异常,将盆地划分为4 个异常区: 东北部磁异常区、中部低磁异常区、西南高磁异常区和西南边部相对低磁异常区。结合磁异常水平梯度模和斜导数的计算结果显示,以火成岩为代表的磁性体受SW--NE 向构造控制。 相似文献
13.
通过对穿越西北次海盆的3条地震测线以及一条深反射地震剖面的解释,对其新生代的构造 沉积特征进行研究,探讨了伸展模型,并进而对其新生代的构造演化过程和动力学机制进行了分析。结果显示：西北次海盆在30 Ma时开始发育,断层的活动期集中在渐新世,并大致以海盆中部的岩浆岩凸起为轴对称分布,对渐新统的沉积起控制作用。海盆扩张东强西弱,西部显示出更多的陆缘裂谷盆地的特征。25 Ma后扩张轴向南跃迁,西北次海盆的海底扩张运动停止,进入裂后沉降阶段。构造展布方向受到其南侧的中-西沙地块的影响,大致沿其北部边界展布。深反射地震剖面所反映的深部地壳结构也显示出大致沿海盆中轴对称的特征,显示研究区很可能为纯剪的变形模式。 相似文献
14.
Satellite Gravity Anomalies and Their Correlation with the Major Tectonic Features in the South China Sea 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The South China Sea (SCS) is a region of interaction among three major plates: the Pacific, Indo-Australian and Eurasian. The collision of the Indian subcontinent with the Eurasian plate in the northwest, back-arc spreading at the center, and subduction beneath the Philippine plate along Manila trench in the east and the collision along Palawan trough in the south have produced complex tectonic features within and along the SCS. This investigation examines the satellite-derived gravity anomalies of the SCS and compares them with major tectonic features of the area. A map of Bouguer gravity anomaly is derived in conjunction with available seafloor topography to investigate the crustal structure. The residual isostatic gravity anomaly is calculated assuming that the Cenozoic sedimentary load is isostatically compensated. The features in the gravity anomalies in general correlate remarkably well with the major geological features, including offsets in the seafloor spreading segments, major faults, basins, seamounts and other manifestations of magmatism and volcanism on the seafloor. They also correlate with the presumed location of continental-oceanic crust boundary. The region underlain by oceanic crust in the central part of the SCS is characterized by a large positive Bouguer gravity anomaly (220–330 mgal) as well as large free-air and residual isostatic anomalies. There are, however, important differences among spreading segments. For example, in terms of free-air gravity anomaly, the southwest section of mid-ocean has an approximately 50 km wide belt of gravity low superimposed on a broad high of 45 mgal running NW–SE, whereas there are no similar features in other spreading segments. There are indications that gravity anomalies may represent lateral variation in upper crustal density structure. For instance, free air and isostatic anomalies show large positive anomalies in the east of the Namconson basin, which coincide with areas of dense volcanic material known from seismic surveys. The Red River Fault system are clearly identified in the satellite gravity anomalies, including three major faults, Songchay Fault in the southwest, Songlo Fault in the Northeast and Central Fault in the center of the basin. They are elongated in NW–SE direction between 20±30'N and 17°N and reach to Vietnam Scarp Fault around 16°30'N. It is also defined that the crustal density in the south side of the Central Basin is denser than that in the north side of the Central Basin. 相似文献
15.
Anne Deschamps Ryuichi Shinjo Takeshi Matsumoto Chao‐Shing Lee Serge E. Lallemand Shiguo Wu Scientific party of KR‐ KR‐ cruises 《地学学报》2008,20(4):327-332
We explore the tectono‐magmatic processes in the western West Philippine Basin, Philippine Sea Plate, using bathymetric data acquired in 2003 and 2004. The northwestern part of the basin formed through a series of northwestward propagating rifts. We identify at least five sequences of propagating rifts, probably triggered by mantle flow away from the mantle thermal anomaly that is responsible for the origin of the Benham and Urdenata plateaus. Gravitational forces caused by along‐axis topographic gradient and a ～30° ridge reorientation appear to also be driving the rift propagations. The along‐axis mantle flow appears to be reduced and deflected along the Luzon‐Okinawa fracture zone, because the spreading system remained stable west of this major fault zone. North‐east of the Benham plateau, a left‐lateral fracture zone has turned into a NE–SW‐trending spreading axis. As a result, a microplate developed at the triple junction. 相似文献
16.
为了探讨月球大型撞击盆地形成后的壳幔物质迁移, 采用新近的月球重力场数据研究壳幔界面的起伏情况, 这对撞击盆地的形成演化研究有重要意义.通过对虹湾-雨海盆地地区玄武岩引起的重力异常进行正演模拟, 发现该部分重力异常仅约占布格重力异常幅值的8%, 布格重力异常主要与壳幔界面起伏有关.对该地区不同解算高度的剩余布格重力异常进行场源边界提取, 发现虹湾-雨海西北部的壳幔界面随深度增加向雨海中心倾斜, 在此区域下方, 壳幔界面会有一个向虹湾方向的额外上隆, 可能为月幔物质曾向此方向涌动造成.分析表明这种月幔上涌情况可能在雨海撞击时形成, 或者可能是形成虹湾的撞击对雨海盆地壳幔结构产生了二次影响, 在虹湾地区的壳幔回弹过程中, 拖动雨海下方的物质向虹湾方向运移造成的. 相似文献
17.
为了解决构造识别中多个断层不能同时识别倾向的问题,提出了利用断裂构造重力异常水平导数的分布特征实现的倾向成像技术,即断裂水平导数变化率较小的一侧指示断裂的倾向;由此可直接标识出断裂的特征,避免了以往该类方法复杂的运算。将这种技术应用到松辽盆地的实测重力异常的处理中,获得了松辽盆地的构造特征。松辽盆地东西两侧具有明显的重力异常差异,但已有的电法、地震资料难以揭示这种差异的原因。笔者以地震数据为约束,利用重力数据进行松辽盆地地层界面的反演,获得了莫霍面及以下的界面特征;认为松辽盆地重力异常差异的原因是松辽盆地莫霍面下方10 km存在一个界面,且由于太平洋板块的俯冲造成该界面在松辽盆地发生了较大的起伏,从而呈现异常的变化。 相似文献
18.
A total of 11,500 line km of aerogravity data have been used to construct an free-air gravity anomaly map for the Antarctic region that may contain the microplate boundary between the Haag Nunataks block and southern Antarctic Peninsula. Along-line free-air gravity anomaly data resolved wavelengths of 9 km or greater with better than 5 mGal accuracy. Coincident radio echo soundings provided data to construct a digital terrain model. The gravity effect of the terrain was calculated by Gauss–Legendre quadrature (GLQ) and spectrally correlated with the free-air gravity data. Terrain-correlated free-air anomalies related to possible isostatic imbalances of the crust were separated from terrain-decorrelated anomalies that may reflect intra-crustal density contrasts. Subtracting terrain-correlated free-air anomalies from the gravity effects of the terrain yielded compensated terrain gravity effects (CTGE) that were used to model the Moho by inversion. The results indicate moderate but significant crustal thinning below the Evans Ice Stream that is consistent with an extensional origin for the deep, wide, steep-sided trough that contains the ice stream as well as the continued elevation of the footwall flank of the basin. Changes along the axis of the rift, both in the gravity anomaly field and the distribution of Moho topography, can be explained by processes associated with continental lithospheric extension. Subsequently, many of the features produced by extension have been modified by glacial erosion and the sub-ice topography and gravity data reflect this. 相似文献
19.
The driving force for the basin subsiding against isostatic balance in and around Lake Biwa in the Kinki district, Japan is discussed. The lake region is characterized by strong negative Bouguer anomalies, especially by a steep horizontal gradient zone of gravity anomaly running along the western margin of the lake. The large negative anomaly (>50 mgal) cannot be explained by low-density sediments beneath it. A down-warping structure extending to the Moho depth should be taken into account. This conjecture has been strongly supported by a short-period receiver function imaging, which shows a clear offset of about 8 km for the Moho discontinuity under the steep gravity gradient zone.A question arises as to what is the driving force to create such a large down-warping structure. We consider that the subduction of the shallow-dipping slab under the region (Philippine Sea Slab) may cause crustal deformation by dragging the viscous mantle downward. In order to verify this model, we simulated the induced mantle flow due to the subduction of the Philippine Sea Slab and the pressure distribution on the crust–mantle boundary. This numerical experiment showed that the induced flow makes a strong negative pressure zone under the lake region if the slab has a vertical offset along the direction of subduction. This offset of the slab is consistent with plate models deduced from hypocentral distributions and Sp phases of the deep-focus earthquakes. 相似文献