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1.
南海及邻域具有多样的地形地貌和丰富的物源,为海洋固体矿产资源的形成和分布提供了物质来源和堆积环境。为系统查明南海及邻域砂矿资源分布情况,本文通过对南海及邻域2606个站位表层沉积物样品进行粒度测试、碎屑矿物鉴定,以及重矿物的品位计算,分析了南海及邻域有用矿物砂矿资源以及建筑用砂资源分布特征并预测了远景区,总结了砂矿成矿模式。结果表明,南海及邻域具有远景的矿种主要有锆石、钛铁矿、金红石、锐钛矿、独居石和石榴子石等;重矿物高品位矿点主要集中在南海东北陆架、菲律宾海盆、南部陆架,重矿物异常区主要位于周缘陆架浅水区以及越东外陆架浅水海域、菲律宾海盆。锆石品位异常区的范围最大,达到工业品位的面积也最大;其次是磁铁矿、钛铁矿、独居石的异常区;锐钛矿、金红石异常区的面积相当;石榴子石品位异常范围最小。根据砂矿的分布规律、大地构造背景、成矿条件以及成矿元素特征,圈定了24个有用重矿物砂矿成矿远景区和6个成矿带。沉积物中砂（0. 063~2 mm）含量大于50%的建筑用砂的远景区9个,主要分布于海南岛西南面到台湾海峡南部一线以北海域,其次为南海南部礼乐滩、万安滩、曾母暗沙附近海域,其余海域极为罕见。基于南海砂矿资源分布特征,初步建立了近岸型、潮流砂脊型、古河道埋藏型、峡口型、陆架坡折带型等五种砂矿成矿模式,为海砂资源进一步勘查提供方向和建议。 相似文献
2.
东海外陆架晚第四纪沉积物的稀土元素组成及物源示踪 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究东海外陆架稀土元素地球化学信息对于地层划分与物源分析的指示意义,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)对东海外陆架西湖凹陷区SFK-1孔沉积物进行了15个稀土元素(REE)含量测定。东海外陆架SFK-1孔稀土元素含量及比值变化表现出一定的分层性,垂向上自上而下可分为8层,表明稀土元素特征对于地层划分具有良好的指示意义。稀土元素分配模式表明SFK-1孔沉积物物源主要为长江和黄河,Eu异常与稀土元素总量关系判别图解和物源判别指数(PI)揭示SFK-1孔上部28.00 m以上沉积物以长江源为主,中部28.00~47.20 m沉积物以黄河源为主,下部47.20~82.90 m沉积物以长江源为主。研究表明长江从晚更新世早期到现代对东海陆架起着主要作用,而黄河物质在晚更新世晚期已开始对东海陆架沉积作用有一定影响。 相似文献
3.
东海陆架北部泥质区表层沉积物碳酸盐粒级分布与物源分析 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
对取自东海陆架北部表层沉积物及黄河、长江河道沉积物样品按1／4Φ或1／2Φ的间隔筛分，分别测定不同粒级中碳酸盐的含量，结果表明东海陆架表层沉积物碳酸盐含量都较高，且在砂、砾级中异常富集，碳酸盐颗粒分布具有分散、多峰的特点；黄河沉积物碳酸盐含量较高，主要分布于细粒级部分，并在细粒部分富集；长江沉积物碳酸盐含量明显低于黄河，分布较均匀，但是由于有淡水钙质生物碎屑的混入导致粗粒级中碳酸盐较为富集。依据沉积物中碳酸盐含量、分布及富集特征，结合沉积作用分析，表明济州岛西南泥质区沉积物为黄河、长江物质以及泥质区周边的再悬浮物质三部分的混合产物。 相似文献
4.
利用X射线衍射，对东海东北部海域80个表层沉积物样品进行黏土矿物的相对含量分析.结果表明:东海东北部海域表层沉积物黏土矿物中伊利石（65.1%）含量最高，其次为绿泥石（26.6%）、高岭石（8.9%）和蒙皂石（4.3%）；矿物组合中伊利石-绿泥石-高岭石-蒙皂石型占绝对优势，伊利石-绿泥石-高岭石型较少.由外陆架至冲绳海槽，伊利石含量分布呈低-高-低-高；绿泥石呈低-高-低；高岭石分布趋势明显异于伊利石和绿泥石，含量值分布出现由高到低的趋势；蒙皂石在个别区域缺失，高值区呈斑块状分布在水深小于100 m的外陆架.快速聚类分析显示，黏土矿物可分为“类长江”、“类黄河”和“类台湾”3种类型，呈4个区域相间展布.“类黄河”型黏土矿物主要由黄海沿岸流将黄河、废黄河等物质再悬浮搬运而来，分布于29.5°N以北、127°E以西的外陆架区，并未越过东海外陆架进入冲绳海槽.外陆架区“类长江”型黏土矿物主要为低海平面时期古长江物质，并混有少量现代长江源悬浮物质；冲绳海槽区“类长江”型黏土矿物主要来自低海平面时期古长江物质.“类台湾”型黏土矿物主要由黑潮控制，由台湾经冲绳海槽南部搬运而来，沿陆坡附近沉积. 相似文献
5.
江汉平原沉积物重矿物特征及其对三峡贯通的指示 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
江汉平原是长江穿过三峡区的第一个大型卸载盆地, 其沉积物必然反映长江流经的物源区的物源特征.通过对盆地中心周老孔第四纪岩心的重砂样品中0.125~0.063mm粒级的重矿物含量变化、ATi、GZi、ZTR指数和重矿物组合分析, 发现从钻孔岩心深度110m开始向上, 水动力条件加强, 沉积速率加快, 重矿物的数量特征发生明显突变, 特征矿物的组合与现代长江相同.表明在周老孔岩心深度110m (古地磁年龄1.1Ma左右) 位置处, 长江三峡开始贯通, 江汉平原开始接纳长江带来的三峡上游的物质. 相似文献
6.
利用在海南岛西南部海域调查的最新资料,对2014年该区域采集的445个站位的表层沉积物样品进行了重砂矿物研究,计算了钛铁矿、锆石、金红石、磁铁矿4种有用重砂矿物的品位,分析了海南岛西南部海底有用重砂矿物品位异常值分布范围,在此基础上讨论了钛铁矿、锆石、金红石、磁铁矿品位状况及其形成条件。结果表明,钛铁矿品位异常值主要富集在沿岸带及研究区中南部,分布范围较广,有良好的成矿远景;其他3种有用重砂矿物主要富集在研究区中东部;认为重砂矿物的分布与海南岛母岩、水动力、沉积物底质类型密切相关,最终在海南岛西南部海域划分了3个潜在的有用重砂矿资源成矿远景区,都在可采水深范围之内,具有找矿意义,为将来开发提供了科学依据。 相似文献
7.
东海表层沉积物碎屑矿物组合分布特征及其物源环境指示 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为进一步明确东海陆架区的沉积物物源及水动力环境,对研究区表层沉积物的碎屑矿物进行了鉴定分析。研究区共鉴定出49种重矿物、8种轻矿物。根据碎屑矿物的组合分布结合矿物形态特征,将东海陆架区划分为三个矿物区,内陆架矿物区、外陆架矿物区及虎皮礁矿物区。内陆架矿物区,动力分选是影响碎屑矿物分布的主要因素,物质来源相对单一,碎屑矿物主要来源于现代长江物质,闽浙沿岸近岸河流的输入,人类活动也对该区的矿物组成产生一定的影响;外陆架矿物区,重矿物分布的主控因素是长期的分选作用,主要是长江物质经后期改造形成,现代长江物质可从内陆架中北部扩散至124.5°E左右,此外外陆架东南部地形的变化也对碎屑矿物的分布起到一定控制作用;虎皮礁矿物区,有来自黄河、长江、火山物质的多重影响,且水动力环境相对复杂。 相似文献
8.
东海表层沉积物间隙水、可溶铁和△C油气化探指标的初步研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
东海表层沉积物中能反映东海油气藏异常的气、液、固相物质成分和物理化学参数可作为东海油气化探指标。本文讨论了东海表层沉积物间隙水、可溶铁和△C的油气化探指标。表层沉积物间隙水可作为海洋油气化探液态烃的样品源。根据油气藏顶部氧化还原环境的异常,圈出东海陆架盆地古滨海砂可溶铁Fe~(3+)/Fe~(2+)<1分布区作为油气远景区,提出了东海陆架盆地找油的新领域。△C是用无机组分反映油气富集的一种化探方法。东海陆架沉积物与△C有关的碳酸盐矿物主要是菱铁矿。 相似文献
9.
东海沉积物的稀土和微量元素 总被引：14，自引：3，他引：14
本文对东海沉积物稀土和某些微量元素的地球化学特征进行了系统的讨论,研究结果表明,东海陆架区沉积物的稀土和微量元素含量随样品的粒度由粗到细呈规律性变化。唯冲绳海槽区沉积物的稀土元素含量例外,具体表现为海槽西坡到东坡,随沉积物粒度由粗→细→粗,稀土元素含量因受沉积物矿物成分控制而逐渐降低。东海沉积物的稀土元素分布模式类似页岩,表明其物质来源主体仍是陆源的。 相似文献
10.
摘 要： 对东海沿岸陆架CJ08-630、CJ08-923、CJ08-1185三个柱状岩心56个重矿物样品63-125μm粒级重矿物的研究表明,重矿物种类有56种,最高含量可达53.1%;平均含量较低,为8.5%,;矿物组成以闪石类、帘石类、辉石类、片状矿物、自生黄铁矿及金属矿物磁铁矿、褐铁矿等等为主。重矿物来源复杂多样,包括陆源、火山、自生等各种来源的矿物。其中沿岸河流输入物是主要陆源矿物来源;此外还有沿岸和岛屿等的剥蚀物、冲刷物。沉积环境是影响重矿物分布的主要因素。 相似文献
11.
中国大陆架海底沉积物中的稀土元素 总被引：32，自引：2，他引：30
选择渤海、黄海、东海和南海有代表性的大陆架沉积物样品,利用X射张荧光光谱法测定了15个稀土元素。中国大陆架沉积物稀土元素的丰度为156ppm,相对接近于中国黄土和花岗岩的丰度,而与太平洋沉积物的丰度相差较远,具有明显的“亲陆性”。稀土的配分模式旦显著的负斜率,属陆壳稀土的典型特征。稀土含量受沉积物粒度控制。实验表明稀土主要以类质同像存在于粘土矿物之晶体构造中。根据数理统计,稀土与亲陆源粘土矿物的元素为一类,彼此呈正相关;与亲海洋生物的元素为负相关。事实说明中国大陆岩石的风化和搬运,是中国海大陆架沉积物中稀土的主要物质来源。 相似文献
12.
On the southeast Australian continental margin, mixed siliciclastic and temperate carbonate sediments are presently forming along the narrow 20–35 km‐wide northern New South Wales shelf over an area of 4960 km2. Here, year‐round, highly energetic waves rework inner and mid‐shelf clastic sediments by northward longshore currents or waning storm flows. The strong East Australian Current flows south, sweeping clastic and outer shelf biogenic sands and gravels. Quaternary siliciclastic inner shelf cores consist of fine to medium, lower shoreface sand and graded storm beds of fine to coarse sand. Physically abraded, disarticulated molluscs such as Donacidae and Glycymeridae form isolated gravel lags. Highstand inner shelf clastics accumulate at 0.53 m/103 y in less than 50 m water depth. Clastic mid‐shelf cores contain well‐sorted, winnowed, medium shoreface sands, with a fine sand component. Fine sand and mud in this area is discharged mainly from New South Wales’ largest river, the Clarence. The seaward jutting of Byron Bay results in weakened East Australia Current flows through the mid‐shelf from Ballina to Yamba allowing the fine sediments to accumulate. Quaternary carbonate outer shelf cores have uniform and graded beds forming from the East Australian Current and are also influenced by less frequent storm energy. Modern clastic‐starved outer shelf hardgrounds are cemented by coralline algae and encrusting bryozoans. Clay‐sized particles are dominantly high‐Mg calcite with minor aragonite and smectite/kaolinite. Carbonate sands are rich in bryozoan fragments and sponge spicules. Distinctive (gravel‐sized) molluscs form isolated shells or shell lag deposits comprising Limopsidae and Pectinidae. The upper slope sediments are the only significant accumulation of surficial mud on the margin (18–36 wt%), filling the interstices of poorly sorted, biogenic gravels. Pectinid molluscs form a basal gravel lag. During highstand the outer shelf accumulates sediment at 0.40 m/103 y, with the upper slope accumulating a lower 0.23 m/103 y since transgression. Transgression produced a diachronous (14–10 ka) wave‐ravinement surface in all cores. Relict marine hardgrounds overlie the wave‐ravinement surface and are cemented by inorganic calcite from the shallow and warm East Australian Current. Transgressive estuarine deposits, oxygen isotope Stage 3–5 barriers or shallow bedrock underlie the wave‐ravinement surface on the inner and mid shelf. Northern New South Wales is an example of a low accommodation, wave‐ and oceanic current‐dominated margin that has produced mixed siliciclastic‐carbonate facies. Shelf ridge features that characterise many storm‐dominated margins are absent. 相似文献
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14.
王金士 《中国地球化学学报》1991,10(1):88-98
REE geochemical studies of surficial sediment samples from the Yellow Sea of China have shown:(1)The average content of RE2O3 in the Yellow Sea sediments is 175 ppm,close to that in the East China Sea sediments.The REE distribution patterns in the Yellow Sea sediments are also similar to anomalies.These REE characteristics are typical of the continental crust.(2)The contents of REE are controlled mainly by the sediment grain size,i.e.,REE contents increase gradually with decreasing sediment grain size.REE are present mainly in clay minerals.In addition,REE contents are controlled obviously by heavy minerals.REE abundances in heavy minerals are much greater than those in light minerals.(3)Correlation analysis shows that REE have a close relationship with siderophile elements,especially Ti,which has the largest correlation coefficient relative to REE.Terrigenous clastic materials subjected to weathering and transport are suggested to be the main source of REE in the Yellow Sea sediments. 相似文献
15.
南海西部4°～18°N,1085～115°E海域表层沉积物中有孔虫定量分析表明,从陆架至深海盆区,随着水深增加,底栖有孔虫丰度总体呈下降趋势;而浮游有孔虫在上陆坡区水深200～2 000 m处最丰富,向浅水和深水方向,其丰度均下降,浮游有孔虫百分含量（P）与水深（D）有明显的相关关系。但在陆架区和陆坡－深海盆区,两者关系完全不同：在陆架区随水深增加浮游有孔虫百分含量明显增大,而在陆坡－深海盆区,两者呈负相关关系。经定量拟合水深小于200 m的陆架区,浮游有孔虫含量与水深满足关系式：lnD＝0.021P＋3.208;而在水深大于200 m的陆坡－深海盆区,两者满足D＝－5263P＋52 105.2。这主要是由于陆架区随水深增加,浮游有孔虫增加,但水深大于200 m后,碳酸盐的溶解起主要作用,浮游有孔虫比底栖有孔虫更易于溶解,造成其含量随水深增加而下降。 相似文献
16.
《Chemical Geology》2002,182(2-4):377-394
Bulk heavy metal (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd), Al, organic carbon and carbonate concentrations, grain sizes, and δC13 of the organic carbon distributions were studied in sediments collected throughout the East China Sea continental shelf and the Yangtze River Delta. The results demonstrated that terrigenous sediments from the Yangtze River is a dominating factor controlling the spatial variations of heavy metals and organic carbon concentrations on the East China Sea continental shelf. In addition, grain size and recent anthropogenic influences are also major factors modifying the spatial and vertical variations of heavy metals.Large spatial variations with a band type distribution of heavy metals, grain size, organic carbon and carbonate were observed. Higher concentrations of heavy metal and light δC13 of the organic carbon were found primarily in the Deltaic and inner shelf sediments. The band type distribution generally followed the coastline with little variations in the north–south direction. Away from the Delta and inner shelf (west–east direction), most heavy metal concentrations decreased rapidly with the exception of Cd where high concentrations of Cd were also found in the carbonate-rich shelf break sediments. Coarse-grained relict sediments and biogenic carbonate are two primary diluting agents for the fine-grained aluminosilicate sediments from the Yangtze River with high concentrations of heavy metals.Unusually high concentrations of Cu, Pb, and Cd showed both spatially and vertically that more pollution prevention measures are needed in the Yangtze River drainage basin in order to prevent further heavy metal pollution of the East China Sea inner continental shelf. 相似文献
17.
REE geochemistry has been studied of sea-floor sediments of the continental shelf of the East China Sea. The average content of RE2O3 is estimated at 175 ppm based on 68 sediment samples from the continental shelf. The absolute concentrations of Y and La-Lu in the sediments are shown in Table 3. The REE distribution patterns in the sediments demonstrate a distinct depletion in Eu and a negative slope. It is considered that the fragments of Mesozoie intermediate-acid igneous rocks widely distributed in southeastern China are the main source of REE in sea-floor sediments of the East China Sea continental shelf. 相似文献