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《矿物学报》2016,(2)
位于青海省东昆仑西部的野马泉地区三叠纪花岗岩分布广泛,本文通过花岗岩岩石学、地球化学、年代学研究,将晚古生代—早中生代造山旋回同碰撞阶段时限厘定为235~224 Ma,后碰撞时限厘定为224~204 Ma。研究表明,同碰撞阶段代表性侵入岩岩石组合为石英二长闪长岩-花岗闪长岩,具有钙碱性-高钾钙碱性系列准铝质-弱过铝质I型花岗岩的特征,岩石形成于下地壳或中下地壳,与幔源物质底侵作用和俯冲大洋物质"滞后"局部熔融有关,花岗闪长岩具有adakitic岩亲和性的特点。后碰撞阶段代表性侵入岩岩石组合为似斑状二长花岗岩-二长花岗岩-花岗斑岩,具有高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列准铝质-强过铝质S型花岗岩的特征,岩石形成于上地壳,含闪长质包体二长花岗岩源区具有EMⅡ富集地幔的印记,有别于不含包体的二长花岗岩。三叠纪花岗岩的形成可能经历了地幔底侵-洋壳"滞后"熔融和地壳熔融的深部过程。 相似文献
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A型花岗岩的岩石学亚类及其物质来源 总被引：34，自引：1，他引：33
评述和总结了国内外Ａ型花岗岩的岩石学特征,指出目前被划归为这类的岩石至少包括非造山和造山两种环境的７种类型（或组合）,即：①环状杂岩体中的碱性及准碱准铝质岩类;②斜长岩微纹二长岩紫苏花岗岩和钾质（环斑）岩花岗岩类;③层状杂岩体中的酸性岩类;④正长岩花岗岩类;⑤二长正长花岗岩类;⑥碱长碱性花岗岩类;⑦碱钙性花岗岩类。认为这些岩石的差异本质上反映出它们物质来源的多样性,亏损地幔、原始地幔、富集地幔、壳幔和地壳物质是这些岩石的潜在源岩。 相似文献
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花岗质岩石成因分类研究述评 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
由于花岗质岩石类型多 ,分布广 ,差异大 ,因此 ,国内外学者依据不同的判别标准提出了多种花岗质岩石的分类方案。通过对 2 0多种有代表性的分类方案的分析和对比 ,笔者认为 ,Barbarin(1999)提出的花岗岩类成因分类方案较为合理 ,但应补充橄榄玄粗质花岗岩类这一重要类型。文中较详细地介绍了Barbarin (1999)的分类方案 ,论述了含白云母的过铝质花岗岩类 (MPG)、含堇青石的过铝质花岗岩类 (CPG)、富钾的钙碱性斑状钾长石花岗岩类 (KCG)、富角闪石钙碱性花岗岩类(ACG)、岛弧拉斑系列花岗岩类 (ATG)、洋中脊拉斑质花岗岩类 (RTG)、过碱性和碱性花岗岩类(PAG)以及橄榄玄粗质花岗岩类 (SHG)的特征及其形成的地球动力学环境 ,并简要讨论了这种分类方法的优点和意义。 相似文献
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福建沿海晚中生代花岗质岩石成因及其地质意义 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
福建白云山、鼓山和石牛山均位于福建沿海地带,该区域花岗岩类分布广泛。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,白云山、鼓山（魁歧）和石牛山地区花岗岩年龄分别为99.3Ma±1.8Ma、99.4Ma±2.3Ma和94.7Ma±1.4Ma,属晚白垩世早期的产物。花岗岩均具有富硅、富碱、贫钙镁、高分异指数等特点,属弱过铝到准铝质岩石。稀土元素具中-强Eu负异常,总体呈现轻稀土元素富集的右倾“V型”模式。微量元素Rb、U、Th、La等强烈富集,相对亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti等元素。岩相学和地球化学特征分析表明,研究区花岗岩属典型的A型花岗岩,其中魁歧花岗岩为碱性A型花岗岩,其余地区为铝质A型花岗岩。研究表明,研究区A型花岗岩具有相似的源区组成;岩浆来源于地壳物质的部分熔融,并可能有部分地幔物质参与;碱性A型花岗岩较铝质A型花岗岩可能有更多的地幔物质加入。结合地球化学、野外地质、区域背景及年龄资料综合判定,中国东南沿海2类A型花岗岩为古太平洋板块俯冲体系中弧后伸展环境下的产物。 相似文献
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桂北新元古代两类过铝花岗岩的地球化学研究 总被引：24，自引：3，他引：24
广西北部新元古代花岗岩类岩石包括黑云母花岗闪长岩和黑云母花岗岩。地球化学特征表明，黑云母花岗闪长岩与含堇青石的过铝花岗岩（CPG）相当，而黑云母花岗岩则类似于白云母二长花岗岩（MPG）。黑云母花岗岩类是成熟地宙岩石部分熔融作用的产物，而黑云母花岗闪长岩类的形成与地幔柱起源的镁铁质岩浆和地壳起源的过铝质黑云母花岗岩浆之间的混合作用有关。这两类新元古代过铝花岗岩的形成与碰撞造山导致地壳加厚的挤压性构造无关，而与导致Rodinia超大陆裂解的地幔柱上升诱发岩石圈伸展的张性构造相联系。 相似文献
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冈底斯岩基是新特提斯洋北向俯冲和印度-欧亚大陆碰撞的重要岩浆记录,尼木地区位于冈底斯岩基中部。本文报道了尼木地区寄主二长花岗岩和辉长质包体的锆石U-Pb年代学、元素地球化学和锆石Hf同位素。锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,寄主花岗岩（197~190Ma）和包体（195Ma）同期侵位,形成于早侏罗纪。寄主二长花岗岩为弱过铝质高钾钙碱性系列岩石,富集轻稀土和K、U、Sr等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素,锆石εHf（t）值为+13.9~+16.0,其可能来源于初生地壳的部分熔融;辉长质包体为准铝质钙碱性系列岩石,具有与寄主岩相似的稀土和微量元素分配特征,锆石εHf（t）值为+13.8~+16.0,其可能代表了侏罗纪形成的新生下地壳,即寄主岩石的岩浆源区;结合前人研究,本文认为尼木地区的寄主花岗岩和暗色包体可能与新特提斯洋北向俯冲引起的地幔和初生地壳的部分熔融有关。 相似文献
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东昆仑黑海地区发育加里东期过铝质花岗岩(424.0~420.5 Ma),其形成与地壳的发展演化密切相关,主要通过岩相学和地球化学方法对其进行了研究.黑海过铝质花岗岩由黑云母英云闪长岩、黑云母花岗闪长岩、黑云母花岗岩、二云母花岗岩和白云母花岗岩组成.SiO2变化区间为65.32%~75.87%,K2O/Na2O为0.47~1.52,δ为1.09~3.00,为钙碱性-高钾钙碱性系列;A/CNK为1.02~1.31,属于过铝质-强过铝质花岗岩.稀土元素具有轻稀土相对富集和重稀土相对亏损的特征,中等负铕异常.微量元素具有相对选择性富集大离子亲石元素而相对亏损高场强元素的特征.源区参与熔融物质由以变杂砂岩为主,向以变泥质岩为主过渡.结合区域资料,认为黑海过铝质花岗岩是东昆南俯冲增生杂岩楔发生伸展减薄引起地幔物质底侵而促使富硅铝地壳物质发生不同程度部分熔融形成. 相似文献
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两种主要过铝质花岗岩类的成因 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
二云母二长花岗岩到淡色花岗岩和富黑云母、含堇青石的英云闪长岩到二长花岗岩是两种不同的过铝质花岗岩类。它们可根据矿物、岩石组合及其在分异过程中过铝度的变化来加以区分。除极少数含白云母花岗岩类是由准铝质岩浆强烈分异或局部混染形成的外，大多数过铝质花岗岩类是由地壳岩石部分熔融所形成的。含白云母的花岗岩或富黑云母、含堇青石的花岗岩类的形成，不只取决于源区的性质，还受部分熔融的物理条件控制，其次采增厚地壳的 相似文献
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华北克拉通北缘中生代花岗岩：从碰撞后到非造山 总被引：34，自引：21，他引：34
根据岩石地球化学特征，可以将华北克拉通北缘的中生代花岗岩类划分为钙碱性和高钾钙碱笥花岗岩、强过铝质淡色花岗岩、高锶花岗岩、碱质A型花岗岩和碱性花岗岩五个类型。强过铝质淡色花岗岩起源于泥砂质变沉积岩在地壳加厚和隆升过程中的减压脱水熔融；高锶花岗岩起源于强烈加厚陆壳的下部或壳幔过渡带的中酸性或基性岩石脱水部分熔融；碱质A型花岗岩和碱性花岗岩均为岩石圈伸展背景下的岩浆作用产物，但后者明确指示区域岩石圈已处于板内裂谷状态。在区域地质演化总体框架下，中生代各类型花岗质岩浆活动的时间序列，明确反映出区域地球动力学背景从碰撞后到非造山的演化过程：钙碱性和高钾钙碱性花岗岩＋强过铝质淡色花岗岩＋高锶花岗岩＋碱质A型花岗岩构成碰撞后花岗岩套，而碱性花岗岩＋碱质A型花岗岩则构成板内非造山花岗岩套。区域花岗岩浆活动的演化表明，华北克拉通北缘地区中生代重大构造 转折应发生在160－150Ma之间。在160Ma以前的中生代早中期，区域岩石圈仍处于碰撞后前期的强烈加厚的过程之中，该时期以出现大量的高锶花岗岩和少量过铝质淡色花岗岩为特征；150－110Ma期间为碰撞后晚期的区域岩石圈强烈伸展时期，该时期则以高锶花岗岩侵位事件的急剧减少和碱质A型花岗岩大量出现为特征。在大约110Ma左右，区域岩石圈基本减薄到正常厚度（35－40km），并进入板内非造山的裂谷阶段，此时以出现碱性花岗岩为特征。研究认为，贯穿整个碰撞后阶段的钙碱性和高钾钙碱性花岗岩之所以具有消减带岩浆的地球化学特征，是因为它们继承了碰撞前西伯利亚板块向华北板块消减阶段及同碰撞阶段已经活化的源区（包括富集的地幔楔及下地壳）性质。 相似文献
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华南花岗岩物源成因特征与陆壳演化 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15
华南不同时代的花岗岩按物质来源及成因可划分为:幔源(分异)系列:幔-壳混源(同熔)系列;壳源改造(重熔)系列和幔-壳混源碱性系列等四个不同的系列,简要阐述了划分四类系列的岩石学、地球化学的依据。侧重根据Sm-Nd、Rb-Sr同位素成分,以二元混合模型计算了花岗岩源区物质组成中,上壳和亏损地幔组份各占的比例。在此基础上探讨了不同物源成因系列花岗岩形成与华南陆壳演化的内在联系:东安、雪峰旋回褶皱系阶段花岗岩物源成因类型比较多样,有幔源(分异)系列、不成熟壳源、成熟壳源改造(重熔)系列等;加里东,海西期以陆壳改造(重熔)系列为主;印支、燕山期活化区(地洼)阶段,在地幔活化激发下,中国东部陆缘形成幔—壳混源(同熔)系列花岗岩和相应的火山岩;但沿内部断裂带,在壳下地幔热传输及构造作用下引起陆壳重熔,形成属于壳源改造(重熔)系列花岗岩。同位素的研究证明了:地洼阶段的构造-岩浆活动主要动力是来自壳下地幔的活化。 相似文献
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本文主要基于东昆仑造山带、秦岭造山带、兴蒙造山带、阿尔泰造山带、燕山造山带以及华南过铝花岗岩带等花岗岩类形成的研究成果,讨论中国大陆内几个造山带的花岗岩类形成与大陆地壳生长方式和过程,我们的初步认识是:软流圈(对流地幔)的热和物质向大陆的输入(input)是大陆地壳生长和再改造的根本.大陆地壳的形成演化和再改造(reworking)主要通过岩浆作用完成,岩浆的形成、运移和定位是大陆地壳生长的基本过程.幔源玄武质岩浆底侵(underplating)于大陆地壳底部和内侵(intraplating)于地壳内部,是软流圈注入大陆的基本形式.造山带镁铁质下地壳的拆沉作用是致使陆壳总组成为中性火成岩(安山岩和闪长岩,或粗面安山岩和二长岩质的)的主要原因.收缩挤压构造作用使陆壳加厚达≥50 km,是诱发镁铁质下地壳拆沉作用的必需条件.火成岩构造组合及其时间序列是识别大陆地壳从软流圈地幔中分出,直至最终形成的过程的关键记录. 相似文献
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《Journal of African Earth Sciences》2008,50(2-4):148-167
The Bafoussam area in western Cameroon is part of the Central African Orogenic Belt. It is dominated by granitoids which belong to the Pan-African syn- to post-collisional post-650 Ma group. Syenogranites are predominant, but alkali-feldspar granite, monzogranite, quartz-monzonite and quartz-monzodiorite occur as well. Four granitoid suites, biotite granitoids and deformed biotite granitoids with amphibole, megafeldspar granitoids with megacrysts and two-mica granitoids with primary muscovite and igneous garnet are distinguished. The granites can be assigned to high-K calc-alkalic to shoshonitic series. The partly shoshonitic biotite granitoids are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous and can be labelled as a highly fractionated I-type suite. The megafeldspar granitoids are weakly peraluminous with I-type character whereas the two-mica granitoids are weakly to strongly peraluminous and belong to an S-type suite. Emplacement ages at 558–564 Ma for the two-mica granitoids have been dated from monazite by the EMP Th–U–Pb method.The REE in the biotite granitoids are moderately fractionated with (La/Lu)N = 23–38. Enrichment of Nb and Ta varies by one order of magnitude. The megafeldspar granitoids show homogeneous and strongly fractionated REE patterns with (La/Lu)N = 27–42. The primitive mantle-normalized element patterns are homogeneous with marked negative Ba, Nb, Ta, Sr, Eu and Ti anomalies. The two-mica granitoids are characterized by low to moderate total REE contents with strongly fractionated REE expressed by (La/Lu)N ranging from 7 to 59. The negative Nb and Ta anomalies are less significant. Nd and Sr whole-rock isotope data confirm different sources for the granitoid suites. The source of the I-type biotite granitoids was probably a juvenile mantle which has been variably metasomatized. The source of the I-type megafeldspar granitoids is characterized by juvenile mantle and lower crust components. Anatectic melts of the upper continental crust with variable contribution of lower continental crust or mantle melts can explain the heterogeneous isotopic signatures of the S-type two-mica granitoids. It is suggested that the melting of these sources was successively initiated by the rising isotherms during a syn- to post-collisional setting which followed a subduction. 相似文献
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青海祁漫塔格中晚三叠世花岗岩:年代学、地球化学及成矿意义 总被引：39，自引：12，他引：27
地处柴达木盆地西南缘的青海祁漫塔格地区不仅是一个特征显著的构造-岩浆岩带,而且也是重要的多金属成矿带。本文对该区中晚三叠世花岗岩开展了详细的年代学、岩石地球化学及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成研究,并探讨了成矿意义。结果表明,本区中晚三叠世花岗岩均系准铝质到弱过铝质高钾钙碱性花岗岩类,晚三叠世花岗岩具有更高的K2O/Na2O比值,富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)和轻稀土元素(LREE),明显亏损高场强元素(HFSE),中等初始锶比值和偏负的εNd(t)值表明它们主要源于古老地壳物质的深熔或重熔,并可能有幔源物质的加入;发育闪长质暗色微粒包体的中三叠世花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄为230～237Ma,大多具斑状或似斑状结构的晚三叠世高分异富钾花岗岩形成于204～228Ma,表明大约240Ma祁漫塔格主造山已由挤压转入伸展并伴有幔源岩浆活动,晚三叠世后演化到后碰撞阶段;中晚三叠世花岗岩与本区密集产出的矽卡岩型和斑岩型多金属矿床的时空与成因关系密切,具有重要找矿指示意义。 相似文献
15.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2022,13(2):101338
The Early Cretaceous–Early Eocene granitoids in the Tengchong Block record the evolutionary history of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectono-magmatic evolution of Eastern Tethys. (a) The Early Cretaceous granitoids with relatively low (87Sr/86Sr)i ratios of 0.7090–0.7169 and εNd(t) values of ?9.8 to ?7.8 display metaluminous, calc-alkaline dominated by I-type granite affinity and hybrid mantle–crust geochemical signatures. They may have been derived from melting of the subducted Meso-Tethyan Bangong-Nujiang oceanic crust with terrigenous sediments in an arc-continent collisional setting. (b) The Late Cretaceous–Paleocene granitoids with relatively high (87Sr/86Sr)i ratios of 0.7109–0.7627, and εNd(t) values of ?12.1 to ?7.9 exhibit metaluminous to peraluminous, calc-alkaline dominated by S-type granite affinity and hybrid Lower–Upper crust geochemical signatures, which may be originated from partial melting of the Meso-Proterozoic continental crust in the collision setting between the Tengchong Block and Baoshan Block. (c) The Early Eocene granitoids have metaluminous, calc-alkaline I-type and S-type granites dual affinity, with relatively high (87Sr/86Sr)i ratios of 0.711–0.736, εNd(t) values of ?9.4 to ?4.7, showing crust-mantle mixing geochemical signatures. They may have been originated from partial melting of the late Meso-Proterozoic upper crustal components mixed with some upper mantle material during the ascent process of mantle magma caused by the subduction of the Neo-Tethyan Putao–Myitkyian oceanic crust, and collision between the Western Burma Block and the Tengchong Block. It is these multi-stage subductions and collisions that caused the spatial and temporal distribution of the granitic rocks in the Tengchong Block. 相似文献
16.
过铝花岗岩的成因类型与构造环境研究综述 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
概述了过铝花岗岩类的成因类型及形成的构造背景，特别介绍了过铝花岗岩岩浆的来源及其鉴别标志，指出过铝花岗岩岩浆按物质来源可分为壳源、幔源和壳幔混源三种类型，是地壳、地幔以及地壳物质与地幔物质相互混合和相互作用的结果，各种不同类型之间可能存在一种地壳源与地幔源之间的连续谱系，并简要介绍CPG和MPG两种主要过铝花岗岩的成因机制。提出了过铝花岗岩形成环境的综合判别准则，指出过铝花岗岩不仅要以形成于碰撞造山过程中的挤压性构造环境，而且可以形成于与岩石圈伸展作用相关的张性构造环境。 相似文献
17.
Classification and Source Materials of Continental Crust Transformation Series Granitoids in South China 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
The granitoids of the continental crust transformation series in South China may be divided into threetypes: (1) synorogenic migmatic and magmatic type. (2) anorogenic continental crust anatexis type, and (3)syncollision type. Based on the results of Sr and Nd isotopic determinations, the source material compositionof the three types of granitoids is calculated with crust-mantle binary mixing simulation. The calculations indi-cate that the granitoids of the first type consist of 78.6-89.7% upper crust endmember materials and15.0-10.3% depleted mantle endmember materials, the granitoids of the second type are composed of 63.7%upper crust endmember materials and 36.3% depleted mantle endmember materials, and those of the third type100% upper crust endmember materials. Hence. the source material composition of the granitoids of all thethree types is dominated by upper crust endmembers. 相似文献
18.
Jun-Hong Zhao Mei-Fu Zhou Jian-Ping Zheng 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2013,166(5):1505-1519
Zircon textures and micro-chemical compositions precisely record the origin and petrogenesis of granitoids, which are crucial for evaluating crustal growth and reworking, thermal and geodynamic evolution. Zircons in peraluminous granitoids from the three largest 820 Ma complexes (Guibei, Yueyang and Jiuling) in the Jiangnan Fold Belt in South China are used to constrain their sources and petrogenetic processes. Zircons in the Guibei granitoids have complex internal structures. Nearly all magmatic and inherited zircons have similar εHf (?6.8 to +5.6) and δ18O values (8.8–11.6 ‰) and dominantly lie between εHf evolution vectors for a crust created between 1.7 and 2.1 Ga, suggesting that the Guibei granitoids were produced by partial melting of recycled heterogeneous supracrustal material. However, the Yueyang granitoids contain zircons with high εHf (?0.5 to +9.7) and relatively low δ18O values (5.9–8.4 ‰) and two-stage model ages of 1.1–1.8 Ga, and thus may have been formed by melting of mafic rocks from the lower crust. The Jiuling granitoids and their enclaves contain more complex zircons with more variable εHf (?7.2 to +9.7) and δ18O values (7.0–10.6 ‰), and lie along the mixing trend between the above-proposed infracrustal and supracrustal granitoids. Therefore, the Neoproterozoic peraluminous granitoids in the Jiangnan Fold Belt were produced by melting and mixing of continental crust. Compared with extremely low (≤4 ‰) and negative δ18O values of Neoproterozoic igneous zircons formed in its northern active continental margin, the high δ18O peraluminous granitoids in the southeastern Yangtze Block are considered to have been formed by melting of hydrothermally unaltered continental crust triggered by asthenosphere upwelling in the Nanhua back-arc basin. 相似文献
19.
《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2016,57(7):1027-1039
Early Paleozoic granitoids of autochthonous and allochthonous facies in the Baikal area (Ol’khon Island, Khamar-Daban Ridge) are in close spatial association with gneisses, migmatites, and plagiogranites and are usually confined to granite–gneiss domes. They are virtually not subjected to magmatic differentiation. Formation of granitoids of the Solzan massif and Sharanur complex lasted 26–28 Myr, which might be considered an indicator of collisional granitoid magmatism. Collisional granitoids of different provinces have a series of indicative features: They are peraluminous and highly potassic and are enriched in crustal elements (Rb, Pb, and Th) but sometimes have low contents of volatiles. In contrast to collisional magmatism, petrogenesis of intraplate granitoids does not depend on the composition and age of the enclosing rocks. The geochemical evolution of intraplate granitoid magmatism in the Baikal area is expressed as an increase in contents of F, Li, Rb, Cs, Sn, Be, Ta, Zr, and Pb and a decrease in contents of Ba, Sr, Zn, Th, and U during the differentiation of multiphase intrusions. The geochemical diversity of these granitoids formed both from crustal and from mantle sources and as a result of the mantle–crust interaction, might be due to the effect of plume on the geologic evolution of intraplate magmatism. The wide range of compositions and geochemical types of igneous rocks (from alkali and subalkalic to rare-metal granitoids) within the Late Paleozoic Baikal magmatism area suggests its high ore potential. 相似文献