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ZHANG Kang WANG Darui Exploration Production Research Institute China Petroleum Chemical Corporation 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(3)
Almost all the oil and gas reservoirs developed in marine sedimentary strata of China have undergone processes of multi-phase reservoir formation and later modification. The irregular reservoirs are classified into three types as the Naxi, Tahe and Renqiu ones, increasing successively in the development degree of karstificated pores and fissures and the connection degree of independent reservoirs. In these reservoirs, the unity in the fluid feature, pressure and oil-gas-water interface also increases successively from the Naxi to the Renqiu type. The main body of Ordovician reservoirs of the Tahe Oilfield in the Tarim Basin is a network pool rather than a stratified, massive, stratigraphically-unconformed or weathering-crust one. The fluid nature of oil, gas and water, the interface positions and the pressures, as well as the dynamic conditions of fluids within the reservoirs during the production are all different from those in stratified or massive oil and gas reservoirs. Carbonates in the Akekule upli 相似文献
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ZHANGKang WANGDarui 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(3):866-872
Almost all the oil and gas reservoirs developed in marine sedimentary strata of China have undergone processes of multi-phase reservoir formation and later modification. The irregular reservoirs are classified into three types as the Naxi, Tahe and Renqiu ones, increasing successively in the development degree of karstificated pores and fissures and the connection degree of independent reservoirs. In these reservoirs, the unity in the fluid feature, pressure and oil-gaswater interface also increases successively from the Naxi to the Renqiu type. The main body of Ordovician reservoirs of the Tahe Oilfield in the Tarim Basin is a network pool rather than a stratified, massive, stratigraphically-unconformed or weathering-crust one. The fluid nature of oil, gas and water, the interface positions and the pressures, as well as the dynamic conditions of fluids within the reservoirs during the production are all different from those in stratified or massive oil and gas reservoirs. Carbonates in the Akekule uplift and the Tahe Oilfield are assemblages of various types of reservoirs, which have an overall oH-bearing potential and obvious uneven distribution. Testing and producing tests are the major means to evaluate this type of reservoirs and acid fracturing improvement is a key link in petroleum exploration and development. 相似文献
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从已发现的油气田看中国海相油气勘探 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
中国海相油气勘探的主要目标是古生界碳酸盐岩,在漫长的演化历程中它的主要成藏类型是准原生型。对形成保存至今的工业油气藏来说,碳酸盐岩中有效烃源岩的总有机碳含量下限应≥0.5%,滨海相或海陆交互相煤系可对生烃作出重大贡献。碳酸盐岩中的储集体受裂缝—岩溶发育程度的控制而分为三种基本类型:(1)以孤立的缝洞储集体为主者称纳溪型,各储集体内的流体性质、压力均可有不同;(2)各储集体间相互连通从而有统一的压力和气、油、水界面,若其似块状者称任丘型,若其似层状者则称威远型;(3)居于这两个端元间的过渡类型为塔河型,其各部分之间的流体性质和压力可有一定差别,无统一油水界面。应注意对似层状储集体的勘探研究,保存条件的好坏对海相油气田有决定性的意义。在分析复杂的多期成藏史中,要注意古隆起和晚期成藏的辩证关系。我国的海相油气勘探有难度,要重新评价有效和高效烃源岩,从较浅部和次生油气蒇入手逼近油气源,寻找主力油气藏,要重视岩性圈闭和各构造(形变)层间的不吻合性。中国的海相油气勘探方向可分为优先勘探、立争突破、劣中选优三个层次。 相似文献
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Going deep has been the strategy for the sustainable development of the Tahe Oilfield.Following the TS1 well in block 1,which revealed excellent combinations of hydrocarbon generation,migration and accumulation in the deeper parts of the Tarim Basin,the TS2 well was drilled to learn more about the prospectivity in the deeper parts of the main blocks of the Tahe Oilfield.Seventeen core samples were collected to perform fluid inclusion studies,including petrography,fluorescence microspectrometry,and microthermometry.The results show that the deeper parts of the Tahe Oilfield have a good hydrocarbon potential.The Cambrian source rocks can supply sufficient oil for not only the Cambrian reservoirs,but also for the Lower Ordovician reservoirs.The CambrianOrdovician carbonates reservoirs experienced at least three oil charging events and one late gas charging event.Oil accumulations formed in the early stage of basin evolution were likely destroyed in the late stage with deep burial,tectonic movements,or invasion of hydrothermal fluids.Therefore,the deep hydrocarbon exploration of the Tahe Oilfield,even the whole Tarim Basin,should focus on gas accumulations,although oil accumulations,especially in Cambrian reservoirs,cannot be neglected. 相似文献
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近年来取得的油气勘探突破多与古构造活动区密切相关,如渤海湾盆地大港油田千米桥潜山凝析气藏、鄂尔多斯盆地靖边气田、塔里木盆地和田河气田及塔河油田的发现等。多年来的勘探实践证明,适时的古构造隆起对油气运移、聚集和成藏起着十分关键的作用。研究认为构造活动还直接控制着古风化壳岩溶裂缝—洞穴型、裂缝型等多种类型储层或储集体的发育。提出了岩石构造相的概念及分类体系;指出岩石构造相是岩石固结成岩后在不同时期所受构造作用的物质体现,可以按照岩石地层单元、构造运动期次及构造运动方式对其进行分类。分别以冀中坳陷任丘雾迷山组古潜山油藏及四川盆地赤水地区须家河组气藏为例,分析了抬升岩溶构造相及节理构造相储层的特征;认为前者多见于碳酸盐岩,各种溶蚀孔、洞、缝为储集空间,而后者见于不同岩类,构造裂缝及其伴生孔隙为储集空间,它们的物性特征都比较复杂。建议加强储层岩石构造相的研究,开展相关识别技术的开发。 相似文献
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古岩溶对可溶性岩石的改造作用表现为形成溶蚀孔洞等储集空间,特别是对于碳酸盐岩地层,古岩溶发育会极大地改善了地层的储集性能,形成具有良好孔渗性的岩溶储层。作为碳酸盐岩地层中重要储层类型之一,岩溶储层的发育与分布对于碳酸盐岩油气藏的形成具有重要意义。文章系统地总结了前人在不同类型岩溶储层以及断溶体等方面的研究成果,并对古岩溶油气储层研究的最新进展进行了梳理归纳,这对于认识我国含油气盆地中岩溶储层的发育与分布具有重要参考价值。总结认为古岩溶油气储层研究主要存在以下问题:（1）早成岩岩溶储层研究实例较少,且利用测井、地震资料对该类型储层的分布进行预测缺少相应实践;（2）表生岩溶储层的研究主要集中于古地貌恢复以及垂向分带方面。但目前的古地貌恢复方法,均具有一定的局限性,无法对古地貌实现定量恢复。垂向分带的方案众多,尚未形成一个统一的分类方案,且在垂向上带与带之间的界线不明确,无法进行准确地划分;（3）埋藏岩溶储层的研究主要集中在硫酸盐热还原作用以及热液溶蚀方面,对于受有机酸影响的埋藏岩溶储层缺少相应的研究;（4）断溶体的识别、刻画与预测主要依赖于地震资料,受地震资料分辨率影响显著;（5）岩溶储层发育的影响因素众多,仅靠单一地质或者地震资料无法实现对岩溶储层的精准预测。 相似文献
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地震、测井联合反演在塔河油田石炭系储层预测中的应用 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
塔河油田6区石炭系卡拉沙依组储层具有层次多、范围广，展布多呈条带状，横向连续性差的特点，为进一步拓宽该区的油气勘探领域，作者在本文中针对该区地质目标，提出利用地震、测井联合反演技术，对该区石炭系卡拉沙依组砂岩储层的横向分布进行预测，这对塔河油田目前勘探开发具有实际意义。 相似文献
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塔河油田奥陶系油藏开发动态与地层水化学特征响应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
塔河油田是塔里木盆地第一个超亿吨级的大型油田,其主力油藏为奥陶系缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏.近年来,油田地层水的问题日益突出,严重影响了油田的开发和生产.阿克库勒凸起北部地质历史时期曾经发育间断性的大气水下渗-向心流,凸起南部斜坡区受到泥岩压实排水和粘土矿物脱水形成的离心流的影响,地层水受到一定程度的淡化.塔河油田主体部位处于越流泄水区,地层水具有明显的高矿化度和高K Na 、Cl-浓度,有利于油气聚集成藏.塔河油田奥陶系地层水动力场形成演化与油气运移、聚集密切相关.海西晚期、喜马拉雅期离心流强度大,是油气藏主要成藏期.早、晚海西运动、印支运动期间抬升剥蚀,遭受强烈的大气水下渗淋滤、生物降解,是油气藏主要破坏期.根据地层水赋存状态,区分出洞穴底部油气驱替残留水、洞穴周缘小缝洞系统驱替残留水、储层下部层间水3种不同类型.研究油井产出水矿化度、Cl-、K Na 浓度动态变化规律,总结出平稳型、起伏型、上升型和下降型4种动态类型.通过综合分析油井开发动态及油水产出特征,正确把握其变化过程,可以判断油井产水来源,从而为油田的稳油控水提供指导性建议. 相似文献
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塔河油田油气主要产自下奥陶统碳酸盐岩地层中，储渗空间和储层类型研究对油田的勘探开发有重要意义。笔者通过岩芯及铸体薄片的详细观察，结合钻井资料和测井曲线，对下奥陶统碳酸盐岩的储渗空间特征进行了成因类型划分，并在储渗空间发育分布状况、物性和油气测试资料分析的基础上，对各成因类型储层的储集性进行了评价。研究表明，大型洞穴发育比较普遍，相应的洞穴型储层是区内下奥陶统最主要的储层类型，是储集性能好、油气高产的首要目标，其次是构造裂隙型储层。 相似文献
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塔河油田十二区奥陶系油藏为碳酸盐岩岩溶缝洞型油藏,油气水分布规律复杂。对原油的物理性质、平面及纵向上的分布特征、油水界面等的分析表明,区内主要为高黏度、含蜡、高含硫的超重质原油。平面上密度分布呈西部和东部低、中部高的特点;纵向上原油密度与深度关系不大。高产油区多沿主断裂带分布。油水界面不统一,但从东向西随中奥陶统顶面的降低而降低。认为该区油气分布不受现今构造位置高低的控制,而是受区域构造背景、断裂带的分布、储集层的发育程度、成藏演化过程以及不整合面等因素综合控制。 相似文献
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Basic Types and Structural Characteristics of Uplifts: An Overview of Sedimentary Basins in China 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
The uplift is a positive structural unit of the crust. It is an important window for continental dynamics owing to its abundant structural phenomena, such as fault, fold, unconformity and denudation of strata. Meanwhile, it is the very place to store important minerals like oil, natural gas, coal and uranium. Giant and large-scale oil and gas fields in China, such as the Daqing Oilfield, Lunnan-Tahe Oilfield, Penglai 19-3 Oilfield, Puguang Gas Field and Jingbian Gas Field, are developed mainly on uplifts. Therefore, it is the main target both for oil and gas exploration and for geological study. The uplift can be either a basement uplift, or one developed only in the sedimentary cover. Extension, compression and wrench or their combined forces may give rise to uplifts. The development process of uplifting, such as formation, development, dwindling and destruction, can be taken as the uplifting cycle. The uplifts on the giant Precambrian cratons are large in scale with less extensive structural deformation. The uplifts on the medium- and small-sized cratons or neo-cratons are formed in various shapes with strong structural deformation and complicated geological structure. Owing to changes in the geodynamic environment, uplift experiences a multi-stage or multi-cycle development process. Its geological structure is characterized in superposition of multi-structural layers. Based on the basement properties, mechanical stratigraphy and development sequence, uplifts can be divided into three basic types ? the succession, superposition and destruction ones. The succession type is subdivided into the maintaining type and the lasting type. The superposition type can be subdivided into the composite anticlinal type, the buried-hill draped type, the faulted uplift type and the migration type according to the different scales and superimposed styles of uplifts in different cycles. The destruction type is subdivided into the tilting type and the negative inverted type. The development history of uplifts and their controlling effects on sedimentation and fluids are quite different from one another, although the uplifts with different structural types store important minerals. Uplifts and their slopes are the main areas for oil and gas accumulation. They usually become the composite oil and gas accumulation zones (belts) with multiple productive formations and various types of oil and gas reservoirs. 相似文献
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渤海油田近年来相继发现一批古近系油气藏，中深层油田储量规模逐步攀升，成为主力油藏类型，因此中深层储层预测突破对海洋石油工业起到至关重要的作用。但是，渤海中深层油田存在埋藏深、地质沉积条件复杂、地震资料品质差、预测难度大等特点，中深层油田构造破碎、储层展布及流体系统复杂、储量丰度低、油藏类型多样等诸多不利条件，一直是渤海油田地球物理和地质油藏研究的难点，并且对于中深层油田的储层研究和开发，都没有成熟的经验可借鉴。本文针对渤海油田的中深层油田的多期河道叠置特点、不同沉积特征及油藏类型，从叠后地震相入手，实现储层的精细刻画，并逐步解剖复合河道砂体内部的非均质特征，创新形成一套适合中深层油田高效开发的技术体系，并成功应用到渤海其它中深层油田高效开发实践中。 相似文献
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随着油气资源对外依赖度加大，中国的油气勘探已经拓展到深层和超深层领域，并相继在中西部盆地发现了塔河、普光、安岳、靖边、顺北等一批大型油气田，展示出广阔的勘探前景。中国已探明的深层和超深层碳酸盐岩油气藏特征与全球的有很大差异，经典的油气地质理论指导这类油气田勘探遇到了前所未有的重大挑战，需要完善和发展。通过调研和比较全球已探明的碳酸盐岩和砂岩油气藏地质特征，发现它们的油气来源条件、油气藏形成条件、成藏动力、演化过程特征等类同；同时，发现碳酸盐岩和砂岩油气藏的矿物组成、孔隙度和渗透率随埋深变化特征、孔渗结构特征、储层物性下限、油气藏类型等有着很大不同。中国深层和超深层碳酸盐岩油气藏与全球的相比较具有五方面差异:地层年代更老、埋藏深度更大、白云岩储层比率更大、天然气资源比率更高、储层孔渗关系更乱。中国已经发现的深层碳酸盐岩油气藏成因类型可以归为五种:沉积型高孔高渗油气藏、压实成岩型低孔低渗油气藏、结晶成岩型低孔低渗油气藏、流体改造型高孔低渗油气藏、应力改造型低孔高渗油气藏；它们形成的动力学机制分别与地层沉积和浮力主导的油气运移作用、地层压实和非浮力主导的油气运移作用、成岩结晶和非浮力主导的油气运移作用、流体改造介质和浮力主导的油气运移作用、应力改造和浮力主导的油气运移作用等密切相关。中国深层和超深层碳酸盐岩油气藏勘探发展的有利领域和油气藏类型主要有三个:一是低热流盆地浮力成藏下限之上自由动力场形成的高孔高渗常规油气藏；二是构造变动频繁的叠合盆地内外应力和内部流体活动改造而形成的缝洞复合型油气藏；三是构造稳定盆地内局限动力场形成的广泛致密连续型非常规油气藏。改造类非常规致密碳酸盐岩油气藏是中国含油气盆地深层和超深层油气资源的主要类型:它们叠加了早期形成的常规油气藏特征，又具有自身广泛连续分布的非常规特征，还经受了后期构造变动的改造；复杂的分布特征，致密的介质条件和高温高压环境使得这类油气资源勘探开发难度大、成本高。 相似文献
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本文在充分收集整理前人研究资料和成果的基础上,以流体包裹体技术方法为主要研究手段,展开对塔河油田流体包裹体研究,结果表明:所研究储层流体包裹体主要分为H2O包裹体、有机质包裹体、有机质-H2O包裹体3类;塔河油田奥陶系储层经历过5期热流体活动;得出3个盐度值;流体密度变化范围从0.90～1.15g/cm3;系统阐述了塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩流体包裹体在成岩环境、高温热水作用、低温多旋回、油气成熟度及油气充注等多方面的应用。 相似文献
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中国海相油气田勘探实例之三渤海湾盆地任丘古潜山大油田的发现与勘探 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：10
任丘油田发现于1975年,是我国最大的海相碳酸盐岩潜山高产油田,1996年探明储量4×108t。油田为一古潜山复式油气聚集带,由蓟县系雾迷山组、奥陶系马家沟组和亮甲山组、寒武系府君山组三个古潜山油藏以及古潜山上覆的下第三系沙河街组油藏构成。古潜山油藏为缝洞孔十分发育的碳酸盐岩储集体,油源为上覆的下第三系沙河街组,具独特的“新生古储”的油藏地质特征。论述了油田的发现和勘探历程、古潜山油藏的成藏特征,以及寻找古潜山油田的启示。 相似文献