共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
N. S. Bortnikov V. M. Novikov A. D. Savko N. M. Boeva E. A. Zhegallo E. B. Bushueva A. V. Krainov D. A. Dmitriev 《Lithology and Mineral Resources》2013,48(5):384-397
This paper reports the results of precision structural-morphological study of kaolinite from clayey rocks taken in various areas of the Voronezh anteclise subjected to different stages of lithogenesis: primary kaolins of the weathering crust, proluvial-talus and lacustrine secondary kaolins, as well as lacustrine-swampy fireproof and deltaic-lagoonal refractory clays. The clayey material was transported over more than 300 km. The formation of the fireproof and refractory kaolin deposits in the Voronezh anteclise was related to the Devonian and Early Cretaceous stages of the geological evolution of the region. In terms of spatiotemporal and facies features, the studied genetic series of the kaolin clay deposits is unique. It was established that the sequential structural-morphological evolution o kaolinite in the considered deposits was caused by its mechanical disintegration during transport and redeposition. Interrelation between organic and mineral matters in the fireproof clays was revealed for the first time. Experimental studies of the behavior of kaolinite during sequential grinding and heating confirmed the main reasons for its natural degradation. The formation of virtually monomineral kaolin clays was provoked by the “flow-through” diagenesis, which is similar to weathering in trend. Evolution of mineral matter of the considered genetic series in kaolinite clay deposits was accompanied by the increase of δ18O values and their dispersion. Peculiarities identified in the behavior of kaolinite and related oxygen isotope characteristics of different-aged denudation and redeposition products of the Devonian weathering crust can play an indicator role in studying different stages of the lithogenesis of clayey rocks. 相似文献
2.
广西合浦清水江高岭土矿的矿物学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
广西合浦清水江高岭土矿床属花岗岩蚀变型.在区域地质背景概况调查及矿区地质特征、矿石自然品级分布研究的基础上,在矿区内7个不同地点采集样品并分离提纯.样品的X射线粉晶衍射分析表明黏土矿物主要由高岭石和伊利石组成;热分析显示了矿物的相变过程;扫描电镜观察显示高岭石为片状;其化学成分以比较低的铁、钛含量为特征;漂白作用对黄色和红色黏土的白度改善非常明显,小于2μm的颗粒分布占80%左右.这些特征表明广西合浦清水江高岭土的品质优良,具有广阔的开发利用前景. 相似文献
3.
本文采用电子探针、透射电镜和化学物相法,查明某古岩溶铀矿床中铀主要呈显微和超显微状沥青铀矿、铀石,其次呈分散吸附状和铀酰（次生）矿物形态存在;钼主要呈蓝钼矿、钼钙矿、钼华、钼铅矿等氧化物,其次呈胶硫钼矿等形态存在;铼主要呈吸附状,其次可能在黄铁矿中呈二硫化物包裹体形态产出。最后讨论了该三个元素赋存状态与该铀矿床形成地球化学环境之间的关系。 相似文献
4.
Liu Qinfu Department of Resources Engineering China University of Mining Technology Beijing Xu Hongliang Material Department Zhengzhou University of Technology Henan 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2000,11(2)
The kaolinite rocks are very abundant in China coal mea-sures,most of which are very pure,excellent and in goodquality for industrial use.The geological feature,occurrence,origin and processing techniques are largely different fromthose of the traditional kaolins.The kaolinite rocks in Chinacoal measures are marvelous,but a large-scale kaolinite de-posit is rare in the world.The origin of kaolinite rocks in thecoal measures is under debate for a long time(Liu and Zhang,1 997;Liang,1 995;Boho… 相似文献
5.
6.
粘土矿物是影响砂岩储集性能的重要因素。结合实例讨论了粘土矿物成因、绝对含量、成分、产状及晶体形态等与砂岩储集性能的关系。研究表明,粘土矿物对砂岩储集性能的影响程度与砂岩本身的成熟度有关。当砂岩成熟度高时,随粘土矿物绝对含量的增加,其储集性能降低,尤其是渗透率降低;但高成熟度砂岩随高岭石和充填状粘土矿物含量增高,物性相对变好。当砂岩的结构和成分成熟度比较低时,粘土矿物对其储集物性影响较小,而主要与岩石本身的成分和结构有关。研究还表明,不同形态的伊利石对砂岩的物性影响也不同,片状伊利石有利于改善储层物性,而纤维状和发丝状伊利石增多会使砂岩储集物性降低或变为非储层。 相似文献
7.
山西、河南高铝粘土铝土矿矿床矿物学研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
耐火材料工业把Al2O3>46%（熟料）的耐火粘土称为“高铝粘土”。从理论上应把铝硅比≥2.6的称为耐火用铝土矿,惟我国《储量规范》为了勘探工作方便仍称其为高铝粘土。而普通耐火粘土（熟料Al2O3<46%,但实际应用扩大到50%）与高铝粘土中的易熔杂质总量不超过6%,灼减一般不大于16%,Fe2O3一般不大于3%或3.5%。 相似文献
8.
广西东攀剖面二叠系顶部粘土矿物特征及古气候意义 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
对广西东攀剖面二叠系顶部20个样品中的粘土矿物进行X射线衍射分析。伊利石结晶度值显示这些样品形成于中晚成岩带的地质环境;伊利石、蒙脱石纵向分布规律和伊利石结晶度与伊利石含量的关系表明伊利石除陆源碎屑来源外,可能有部分为蒙脱石伊利石化而成;伊利石结晶度变化曲线和伊蒙混层类型的变化规律表明,本区粘土矿物组合与含量的变化除受到后期成岩作用的影响外,还明显地受沉积因素的控制;伊利石结晶度、伊利石化学指数、高岭石和伊利石的含量、伊蒙混层类型显示东攀剖面以9、10层界线上方5cm为界,古气候由干冷变为湿暖;水介质由偏碱性向酸性转变。 相似文献
9.
Many physico-chemical variables like rock-type, climate, topography and exposure age affect weathering environments. In the
present study, an attempt is made to understand how the nature of clay minerals formed due to weathering differs in tropical
regions receiving high and low rainfall. Clay mineralogy of weathering profiles in west coast of India, which receives about
3 m rainfall through two monsoons and those from the inland rain-shadow zones (<200 cm rainfall) are studied using X-ray diffraction
technique. In the west coast, 1:1 clays (kaolinite) and Fe—Al oxides (gibbsite/goethite) are dominant clay minerals in the
weathering profiles while 2:1 clay minerals are absent or found only in trace amounts. Weathering profiles in the rain shadow
region have more complex clay mineralogy and are dominated by 2:1 clays and kaolinite. Fe—Al oxides are either less or absent
in clay fraction. The kaolinite—smectite interstratified mineral in Banasandra profiles are formed due to transformation of
smectites to kaolinite, which is indicative of a humid paleoclimate. In tropical regions receiving high rainfall the clay
mineral assemblage remains the same irrespective of the parent rock type. Rainfall and availability of water apart from temperature,
are the most important factors that determine kinetics of chemical weathering. Mineral alteration reactions proceed through
different pathways in water rich and water poor environments. 相似文献
10.
In the geochemical study of sedimentation, hydrogen and oxygen isotope data are useful for a discussionon formation conditions and material sources of sediments. Hydrogen and oxygen isotope analyses were madeon clays separated from the sea-floor surface sediments at 9 stations in the western sea region of the AntarcticPeninsula. On the basis of these isotopic data and the clay mineral components and by use of statistical dia-grams, it may be concluded that the clay fraction in this sea region is composed mainly of terrigenous detritus:i.e. it was formed by surface weathering or supergene alteration of the rocks from the terrigenous region in thepeninsular in the presence of meteoric water. However, at least a part of montmorillonite is a marine authigenicmineral formed by alteration of submarine eruptive materials or terrigenous pyroclasts in the presence of seawater. The above result is consistent with the idea derived from the study of clay mineralogy. 相似文献
11.
Mihaela Grigore Richard Sakurovs David French Veena Sahajwalla 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2008,76(4):301-308
Degradation of coke in the blast furnace is influenced by its inherent mineral matter, the formation of which is itself dependent upon the nature of the coal mineral matter. To date few studies have been made of coke mineralogy and its relationship to the mineralogy of the parent coal. In this study the effect of carbonisation on coal mineral matter has been investigated by a detailed quantitative mineralogical examination of nine cokes and their parent coals. The quantitative analysis was performed on X-ray diffraction patterns of the mineral matter of cokes and coals, using SIROQUANT™. Coke mineralogy and its composition varied strongly between cokes, more strongly than variations in elemental composition of the ash. The mineral matter in the studied cokes consisted of crystalline mineral phases and also significant levels of amorphous phase (ranging between 44 and 75%). Decomposition of clays such as kaolinite, montmorillonite, illite and chamosite produced the amorphous phase and some of the crystalline mineral phases such as mullite, γ-alumina, spinel, cristobalite and leucite. The type of association of mineral matter in coals had an important role in how the clays decomposed. For example, association of kaolinite with silica-bearing minerals in intimate intermixture favoured formation of mullite over γ-alumina. Akermanite and diopside result from reaction of kaolinite with associated calcium bearing minerals (calcite, dolomite or ankerite). Quartz, fluorapatite and the three polymorphs of TiO2 (anatase, brookite and rutile) were the coal minerals that were least affected during carbonisation, as they were also found in the cokes, yet even they were affected in some cases. 相似文献
12.
V. V. Krupskaya G. A. Kalmykov O. V. Khotylev M. Yu. Revva 《Lithology and Mineral Resources》2006,41(3):222-229
Filtration-capacity properties of terrigenous reservoir rocks significantly depend on catagenetic transformations of clay minerals. Results of our research revealed the authigenic nature and formation stages of kaolinite and chlorite. The volume and shape of pore space define the morphology of clay particles. Depending on the pore volume, kaolinite crystallizes either as thick tabular aggregates or as fan-shaped intergrowths. The formation of authigenic clays in pores of terrigenous reservoirs decreases filtration-capacity properties of rocks with low permeability and, conversely, increases filtration-capacity properties of rocks with high primary permeability and large pore volume. 相似文献
13.
黏土矿物古气候意义研究的现状与展望 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
系统地分析了利用海洋沉积物、古土壤、湖盆沉积物中黏土矿物进行古气候环境研究的现状、存在问题和发展趋势。海洋沉积物的物源范围广,影响因素复杂,其中的碎屑黏土矿物所指示的古气候参数只能用于解释母源区的气候变化,而只有自生黏土矿物才能指示沉积区的气候;古土壤形成于特定的地质背景条件下,尤其是发育于火山物质母岩之上的风化自生黏土矿物,可以准确地指示该区的古气候条件;湖盆沉积物的物源范围小,沉积物中的黏土矿物可以更有效地运用于古气候环境的分析。对于沉积物中黏土矿物来源的分析,可以借助晶体中cv空位和tv空位的精细结构特征进行判断;在风化改造的红土剖面研究中,因强烈的化学风化、淋滤和迁移,黏土矿物方法具有独特的优势。风化过程中形成的一些亚种或过渡性黏土矿物,以及同生沉积过程中形成的黏土矿物,对气候环境的变化更加敏感,应加强这方面的研究。此外,在造山带的气候环境演化研究中,自生黏土矿物稳定同位素可以更可靠地指示气候环境的变化。 相似文献
14.
我国球粘土应成为独立矿种，湖沼球粘土中含“内胶体”的自生高岭石是生物有机质作用造成，水云母、I-M间层粘土矿物及有机质会增加可塑性、粘结性及干燥强度，钾、钠的增加可降低烧结温度。沉积球粘土与残积成因高岭石为无序或较无序，古生代煤系高岭石为有序和高度有序，岩浆热液成因的高岭石常为有序或高度有序；北方古生代软质粘土（紫矸）为规模较大、较为均匀稳定的高度有序高岭石，应积极开发。硬水铝石岩溶铝土矿应属于生物有机质成矿作用的沉积型铝土矿。 相似文献
15.
《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2023,83(2):125972
In China, the lack of Li resources is in stark contrast to a large amount of coal gangue produced by coal mining. To determine the distribution patterns and existing status of lithium (Li) elements in the coal gangue, the mineralogical and geochemical analysis were formed on samples of the roof, floor, and parting of No. 02, 2, 8, and 9 coal seams, being mined in Malan mine, Xishan coalfield, Shanxi Province. The results show that the lithium content in this study area is relatively enriched, the highest content is 499 μg/g in sample 02-G, and the average content is 109.8 μg/g, which is two times that of the world average value of claystone (45 μg/g). XRD analysis shows that the mineral composition of parting samples is mainly clay mineral kaolinite, while the coal seam roof and floor samples also include quartz and some iron-bearing minerals, such as pyrite and siderite. Likewise, possible lithium-rich mineral phases and possible lithium-rich factors were investigated in this paper. A comprehensive clay separation experiment and correlation analysis between lithium and major elements indicate that lithium is likely to exist in the clay mineral kaolinite in the study area. It is also found that the content of Li adsorbed by cryptocrystalline kaolinite is generally higher than that of crystalline kaolinite. According to the mechanism of Li+ adsorption in clay minerals, the higher lithium content of cryptocrystalline kaolinite is due to its larger specific surface area, which can adsorb more lithium on the surface. 相似文献
16.
河曲-保德矿区含煤地层中高岭岩资源丰富,分别赋存于太原组顶部和山西组中部,其类型以隐晶质高岭岩为主,少量为细-粗晶质及烧变高岭岩。根据大量样品试测结果,其SiO2／Al2O3摩尔比值在2．0左右,说明本区高岭岩纯度高。分析其成因属沉积型煤系高岭岩矿床,其成矿母质类型有两种,一是陆地搬运高岭岩母质多为粘土矿物,运移至静水沼泽环境中沉积,在有机质酸的作用下形成较纯的高岭岩层;二是成矿母质为火山碎屑物质,在酸性沼泽环境下经成岩作用形成,区内高岭岩质地优良,具有广泛的利用前景,为发展煤矿循环经济提供了依据。 相似文献
17.
铝土矿的形成受到气候条件的严格限制。通过对黔北务川—正安—道真地区下二叠统铝土矿层钻孔岩心样品主量元素和黏土矿物的综合研究,探讨了铝土矿层形成时期黔北地区的古气候环境以及淋滤作用对矿层的改造。从下至上,铝土矿层化学蚀变指数(CIA)由80左右上升至大于90,成分分异指数(ICV)由0.8下降至0.1。X射线衍射分析发现,研究区铝土矿层中的黏土矿物组分为高岭石、伊利石与绿泥石,其中高岭石在各个钻孔中广泛存在且在大部分层位中含量较高,平均含量为34.2％,并呈机械碎屑或基质形态产出且有进一步风化成为铝矿物的现象;伊利石主要以机械碎屑形式产出,平均含量为21.5％,赋存于矿层的黏土质部分,结晶度变化范围为0.22°～0.71°;绿泥石多为基质,部分层位中含量极高且伴随ICV值上升,平均含量为44.3％,为后期成岩过程中由高岭石转化而成。矿层内极高的CIA值与广泛存在的高岭石证明,铝土矿形成时为炎热潮湿的古气候。而矿层内部ICV值的波动可能与淋滤作用所引起的矿层内元素迁移活动有关。 相似文献
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19.
本区燕山早期花岗岩发育的风化壳中的粘土矿物以高岭石和埃洛石(7Å)为主;蒙脱石、三水铝石及其它为新查明矿物。据粘土矿物组合特征,自风化剖面深部到地表分为三个带:含蒙脱石带,高岭石和埃洛石(7Å)带,含三水铝石带。本文探讨了矿物在风化过程中的生成演化顺序,并进行了热力学的解释。据各带粘土物质的阳离子交换量与稀土含量变化的不一致关系认为,稀土在C带中的富集是化学风化的结果,与粘土矿物组合无关。 相似文献
20.
台湾海峡表层沉积物中黏土矿物特征及物质来源 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
利用X射线衍射仪,对比分析台湾海峡及周边表层沉积物的黏土矿物特征,讨论长江、福建和台湾河流对海峡黏土矿物的贡献程度。福建河流（闽江）的黏土矿物以高岭石为主（>40％）,其次是伊利石（30％）和绿泥石,不含蒙脱石;长江和浙闽泥质区的黏土矿物特征是伊利石含量最高（61％～66％）,其次是绿泥石（16％～17％）和高岭石（10％～13％）,少量蒙脱石（6％～9％）。台湾河流（浊水溪）黏土矿物组合为伊利石（>70％）和绿泥石,不含高岭石和蒙脱石为特征。台湾海峡高岭石含量由西向东明显减少,说明高岭石主要来自福建的河流。〖JP2〗台湾海峡50 m等深线以东区域的黏土矿物具有高的伊利石和绿泥石含量,低的蒙脱石和高岭石含量,且伊利石的化学指数和结晶度值都明显低于长江和福建的河流,反映台湾河流的物质来源。在台湾暖流作用下,台湾河流为台湾海峡中北部提供了大量的伊利石和绿泥石。福建近海的黏土矿物主要是由福建河流提供的,但在平潭岛周边海域的黏土矿物可能有长江物质的混合。〖JP〗 相似文献