共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 765 毫秒
1.
海洋水色卫星遥感研究与进展 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
系统介绍了目前海洋水色卫星遥感在海洋碳通量、生物海洋学及上层海洋过程研究,以及海岸带环境监测与管理中的主要应用方向;分析了上述应用对水色卫星传感器在时空分辨率、光谱波段设置和空间覆盖范围等方面的具体设计要求;概括了新一代水色卫星传感器的特点;指出了水色卫星遥感资料应用中的定标、大气校正及定量反演技术等关键问题;介绍了各国海洋水色卫星遥感的发展计划,提出了我国海洋水色卫星遥感研究的对策。 相似文献
2.
3.
湖泊物质组成的复杂性使得湖泊水色遥感难于对海洋Ⅰ类水体的水色遥感,解决难点的关键是湖泊固有光学特性的高精度测量,建立表观光学特性与固有光学特性的关系即生物光学模型是较为适合湖泊水色遥感的技术方法,其中涉及到大气、水体以及水气界面处的辐射传输定律,而去除大气影响是提高湖泊水色反演精度的关键技术之一,分析了获取离水辐亮度所涉及的内容和算法,概括了目前适用于湖泊水色遥感反演的大气校正方法,详细分析了固有光学量的计算方法以及实现湖泊水色遥感的正演和反演的步骤和方法;最后提出了实现我国湖泊水色遥感需要重点研究的问题。 相似文献
4.
本文首先概要地介绍了国际上20世纪80年代以来卫星水色遥感器的发展,以及我国在90年代建立的海洋水色遥感应用技术系统,包括资料接收、处理、查询、分发、试应用和辐射验证等系统,重点论述了利用我国的FY-1C卫星以及美国的SeaWiFS和AVHRR卫星资料监测我国沿海的水色环境,包括沿海水体的叶绿素和悬浮泥砂浓度的时空分布,赤潮的监测以及沿海海区流场的研究。研究表明,卫星海洋水色遥感技术在海洋渔业资源的开发和保护、海岸带区牧化管理、河口港湾工程环境评价、海洋污染环境的监测和动力学研究等方面有广宽的应用前景。 相似文献
5.
在水色遥感中,光学浅水底部反射的贡献显著地改变了水体反射信号的强度与光谱分布,成为制约二类水体遥感反演精度的瓶颈问题之一.在分析光学浅水概念和内涵的基础上,从水底反射特性测量、水底二向反射特性(BRDF)与水底反射效应校正模型3个方面论述了国内外在水底反射校正研究方面的进展;指出了发展光学浅水区的提取算法、建立典型底质... 相似文献
6.
与传统卫星遥感相比，机载高光谱遥感具有高时空分辨率、机动灵活等优势，可解决传统水质监测方法中存在的短板问题。机载高光谱遥感反演方法可以更全面地反映水质的时空分布变化，能够更好地捕捉地物光谱特征以提取更多的水质参数，适用于内陆水体或海湾的水质监测和水体污染的应急遥感监测。文章简述了机载高光谱遥感的特点，阐述了机载高光谱遥感水质监测的原理、监测对象和方法，综合介绍了有人机载和无人机载高光谱遥感在内陆水体或海湾水质监测中的研究与应用现状，剖析了机载高光谱遥感在水质监测中的问题，并对未来的发展趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
7.
8.
海洋水深信息对研究珊瑚礁海域资源与环境具有重要作用。南海珊瑚礁海域测深数据受多种条件限制施测困难,在时间与空间方面数量非常有限。文章针对南海岛礁海域以I类水体为主导的海水光学特性,以南沙群岛库归沙洲海域为例,使用Sentinel-2多光谱卫星遥感影像和同期过境的MODIS卫星数据,构建底质光谱,采用半分析半经验模型计算海水表面遥感反射率与海水叶绿素浓度,通过对数比值模型进行该地区光学浅水海域遥感水深反演分析,并进一步通过多时相反演水深融合提升精度。经与多波束实测水深数据验证,研究区域反演水深总体均方根误差和平均相对误差分别为2.68 m 和9.99%。该方法通过叶绿素浓度推演部分海水光学特性,可以从多光谱卫星影像中快速获取南海岛礁光学浅水海域初步水深信息,供相关海洋领域分析与应用。 相似文献
9.
地物波谱信息是多光谱遥感的基础、光谱信息所具有的特征反映了地物本身的存在、变化和差异。作为花岗岩岩石物理特性研究的一部分，笔者选择了广东早古生代两类花岗岩为研究对象测定并分析了两类花岗石及其围岩的反射光谱特征，并且依据它们光谱特性的差异。确定了遥感图象处理的技术和方法，为下一步该地区遥感图象识别花岗岩奠定了基础。 相似文献
10.
河流悬浮泥沙动态监测对河道变迁、水利工程安全运行、生态和环境保护等都具有重要的应用价值,利用遥感技术可对大区域河流水体悬浮泥沙进行实时监测。与海洋和湖泊等大面积水体相比,当前对河流悬浮泥沙遥感关注较少,且已有研究主要关注入海河流河口区域。为充分发挥不同时间、空间和光谱分辨率多源卫星遥感资料优势,实现更广泛区域、不同级别河流的悬浮泥沙输运遥感监测,对国内外已发表的关于河流悬浮泥沙卫星遥感的数据源和模型进行了系统归纳,总结出河流悬浮泥沙卫星遥感研究中面临河流遥感反射率高精度提取、悬浮泥沙浓度高精度遥感和基于二维表层悬浮泥沙浓度遥感的三维通量遥感等挑战和难点;在此基础上,从去除邻近效应大气校正、考虑悬浮泥沙粒径分布的浓度遥感和悬浮泥沙输运通量三维遥感3个方面对河流悬浮泥沙遥感监测的未来发展进行了展望。 相似文献
11.
Estimation of colored dissolved organic matter and salinity fields in case 2 waters using SeaWiFS: Examples from Florida Bay and Florida Shelf 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. J. D’Sa C. Hu F. E. Muller-Karger K. L. Carder 《Journal of Earth System Science》2002,111(3):197-207
Estimates of water quality variables such as chlorophylla concentration (Chl), colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), or salinity from satellite sensors are of great interest to
resource managers monitoring coastal regions such as the Florida Bay and the Florida Shelf. However, accurate estimates of
these variables using standard ocean color algorithms have been difficult due to the complex nature of the light field in
these environments. In this study, we process SeaWiFS satellite data using two recently developed algorithms; one for atmospheric
correction and the other a semianalytic bio-optical algorithm and compare the results with standard SeaWiFS algorithms. Overall,
the two algorithms produced more realistic estimates of Chl and CDOM distributions in Florida Shelf and Bay waters. Estimates
of surface salinity were obtained from the CDOM absorption field assuming a conservative mixing behavior of these waters.
A comparison of SeaWiFS-derived Chl and CDOM absorption with field measurements in the Florida Bay indicated that although
well correlated, CDOM was underestimated, while Chl was overestimated. Bottom reflectance appeared to affect these estimates
at the shallow central Bay stations during the winter. These results demonstrate the need for new bio-optical algorithms or
tuning of the parameters used in the bio-optical algorithm for local conditions encountered in the Bay. 相似文献
12.
An improved three-band semi-analytical algorithm was developed for improving the performance of the three- and four-band algorithms, for chlorophyll-a concentration retrievals in the highly turbid waters of the Yellow River estuary. In this special case study of the Yellow River estuary, the optimal wavelengths of the improved three-band semi-analytical algorithm must meet the following requirements: the λ 1 and λ 2 must be restricted to within the range 660–690 nm, and the λ 3 must be longer than 750 nm. The algorithm calibration and validation results indicate that the improved three-band algorithm indeed produces superior performance in comparison to both the three- and four-band algorithms in retrieving chlorophyll-a concentration from the extremely coastal waters of the Yellow River estuary. Comparing the improved three-band algorithm to the original three- and four-band algorithm, the former minimizes the influence of backscattering by suspended solids in near-infrared regions, while the three-band algorithm has a much stronger error tolerance ability than the four-band algorithm. These findings imply that if an atmospheric correction scheme for visible and near-infrared bands is available, the improved three-band algorithm may be used for quantitative monitoring of chlorophyll-a concentration in turbid coastal waters with similar bio-optical properties, although some local bio-optical information or improved models may be required to reposition the optimal band positions of the algorithm. 相似文献
13.
我国海洋光学遥感应用科学研究的新进展 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14
20世纪90年代以来,我国航天遥感事业的发展促进了海洋光学应用科学的发展,特别是通过近几年来,国家“863”高新技术计划的实施,在该方面有了新进展。文章将着重介绍光学遥感信息的大气校正、光学遥感海洋环境信息提取、光学遥感在赤潮与溢油监测等3个方面的应用科学新进展,并提出了在我国进一步深入开展海洋光学遥感应用科学技术研究的建议。 相似文献
14.
The atmospheric correction bands 7 and 8 (765nm and 865nm respectively) of the Indian Remote Sensing Satellite IRS P4-0CM
(Ocean Colour Monitor) can be used for deriving aerosol optical depth (AOD) over the oceans. A retrieval algorithm has been
developed which computes the AOD using band 7 data by treating the ocean surface as a dark background after removing the Rayleigh
path radiance in the sensor-detected radiances. This algorithm has been used to detect marine aerosol distributions at different
coastal and offshore locations around India.
A comparison between OCM derived AOD and the NOAA operational AOD shows a correlation ∼0.92 while that between OCM derived
AOD and the ground-based sun photometer measurements near the coast of Trivandrum shows a correlation of ∼0.90. 相似文献
15.
经过近50年的发展,海洋卫星遥感日益成熟,各种反演算法和数据集应运而生,大大推动了海洋水文过程的研究。围绕与海洋水文相关的重要物理参数,简要回顾了海面高度、海水深度、海表洋流及海水质量变化的卫星遥感反演基本原理、主要算法以及存在的难点和前沿性研究问题,介绍了应用遥感反演算法制成的全球海洋水文参数主要数据集,并结合目前存在的问题探讨了卫星遥感反演海洋水文参数的发展趋势及所面临的挑战。研究发现,运用多卫星、多通道、多模式的联合反演方法可以显著地提升人们监测海洋水文参数时空动态变化的能力,必将成为未来全球海洋水文遥感的主要研究方向之一。 相似文献
16.
P Jindal P K Thapliyal M V Shukla A K Mishra D Mitra 《Journal of Earth System Science》2014,123(6):1265-1271
The present study examines the potential of infrared sounder observations from Indian geostationary satellite INSAT-3D for the estimation of total column integrated ozone over the tropical Indian region. A dataset with diverse profiles was used to create training and testing datasets using forward simulations from a radiative transfer model for infrared sounder channels. A study was carried out for the standard tropical atmospheric profile to examine the sensitivity of ozone band radiance corresponding to the atmospheric temperature, water vapour, and ozone mixing ratios at different atmospheric pressure levels. Further, statistical retrieval technique has been used for the total column ozone estimation using two different approaches: (i) ozone channel observation along with the a-priori estimate of temperature and water vapour profile and (ii) only sounder channels observations. The accuracy of the retrieval algorithms was examined for different errors in the atmospheric profiles for the method (i) and different sensor noise specification for the method (ii). This study has shown that accurate temperature information is very important for ozone estimation and lower instrument noise results in better ozone estimates. 相似文献
17.
Satellite Estimates of Wide-Range Suspended Sediment Concentrations in Changjiang (Yangtze) Estuary Using MERIS Data 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Fang Shen Wouter Verhoef Yunxuan Zhou Mhd. Suhyb Salama Xiaoli Liu 《Estuaries and Coasts》2010,33(6):1420-1429
The Changjiang (Yangtze) estuarine and coastal waters are characterized by suspended sediments over a wide range of concentrations
from 20 to 2,500 mg l−1. Suspended sediment plays important roles in the estuarine and coastal system and environment. Previous algorithms for satellite
estimates of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) showed a great limitation in that only low to moderate concentrations
(up to 50 mg l−1) could be reliably estimated. In this study, we developed a semi-empirical radiative transfer (SERT) model with physically
based empirical coefficients to estimate SSC from MERIS data over turbid waters with a much wider range of SSC. The model
was based on the Kubelka–Munk two-stream approximation of radiative transfer theory and calibrated using datasets from in
situ measurements and outdoor controlled tank experiments. The results show that the sensitivity and saturation level of remote-sensing
reflectance to SSC are dependent on wavelengths and SSC levels. Therefore, the SERT model, coupled with a multi-conditional
algorithm scheme adapted to satellite retrieval of wide-range SSC, was proposed. Results suggest that this method is more
effective and accurate in the estimation of SSC over turbid waters. 相似文献
18.
Fred T. Mackenzie Andreas J. Andersson Rolf S. Arvidson Michael W. Guidry Abraham Lerman 《Applied Geochemistry》2011
Epochs of changing atmospheric CO2 and seawater CO2–carbonic acid system chemistry and acidification have occurred during the Phanerozoic at various time scales. On the longer geologic time scale, as sea level rose and fell and continental free board decreased and increased, respectively, the riverine fluxes of Ca, Mg, DIC, and total alkalinity to the coastal ocean varied and helped regulate the C chemistry of seawater, but nevertheless there were major epochs of ocean acidification (OA). On the shorter glacial–interglacial time scale from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to late preindustrial time, riverine fluxes of DIC, total alkalinity, and N and P nutrients increased and along with rising sea level, atmospheric PCO2 and temperature led, among other changes, to a slightly deceasing pH of coastal and open ocean waters, and to increasing net ecosystem calcification and decreasing net heterotrophy in coastal ocean waters. From late preindustrial time to the present and projected into the 21st century, human activities, such as fossil fuel and land-use emissions of CO2 to the atmosphere, increasing application of N and P nutrient subsidies and combustion N to the landscape, and sewage discharges of C, N, P have led, and will continue to lead, to significant modifications of coastal ocean waters. The changes include a rapid decline in pH and carbonate saturation state (modern problem of ocean acidification), a shift toward dissolution of carbonate substrates exceeding production, potentially leading to the “demise” of the coral reefs, reversal of the direction of the sea-to-air flux of CO2 and enhanced biological production and burial of organic C, a small sink of anthropogenic CO2, accompanied by a continuous trend toward increasing autotrophy in coastal waters. 相似文献