共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Li Genxiao Wang Chang Wang Gang Xiao Zhiyong Wu Xianlong Jiang Feng 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2021,39(2):1365-1380
The influence of the sealing degree of the lining structure and the permeability of surrounding rock on the stability of the tunnel has always been the main topic concerned by the relevant engineering researchers. Based on the research background of the tunnel project of Qingdao metro line 1 and the in-depth analysis of the existing research results, this paper makes a systematic analysis and research on the influence mechanism of the sealing degree of the lining structure and the permeability of surrounding rock on the stability of the tunnel by the numerical simulation. The results show that the safety coefficient of each part of lining structure decreases with the increasing degree of tunnel sealing, which is manifested by the increase of the settlement of the vault and the convergence of the arch foot. In addition, the stability of surrounding rock becomes worse with the increase of permeability coefficient of surrounding rock, which means the higher pore pressure and larger displacement of rock around the chamber. At the same time, the influence of the sealing degree of the lining structure on the stability of the tunnel will increase with the permeability of the surrounding rock. The works in this paper have guiding significance for the construction of submarine tunnel under different characteristics of surrounding rock and the selection of sealing degree of lining structure.
相似文献2.
G.N. Fomin 《Geoforum》1976,7(4):259-269
The paper describes the current stage of transformation of the residential distribution system in the USSR, the state policy in the field of urban development, the tasks facing Soviet architects and the way to their solution. The state policy in the field of residential distribution and urban development provides for: the systematic and scientifically substantiated distribution of production and human settlements on the basis of coordinated development and distribution of productive forces and the perfecting of the systems of residential distribution; the utilization, improvement and protection of landscape; the restriction of the growth of very large cities and development of the network of small and medium towns; the transformation of villages into modern well-organized settlements of the collective and state farms and the elimination of the existing distinctions between town and country; the regular development and distribution of towns and settlements in different geographical zones and most favourable natural-and-economic regions of the USSR; the overcoming of irregular population distribution in the European and Asiatic parts of the USSR; the formation of group-systems of human settlements on the basis of big urban agglomerations and territorial-industrial complexes; the development of new territories through land improvement. Basic attention in the report is paid to the consideration of the master scheme of residential distribution in the USSR, its scientific fundamentals, main purposes and tasks. The analysis of the decisive factors and of the main trends of the development of the systems of human settlements for a long-term perspective is given. The master scheme of residential distribution contemplates the systematic development on the USSR territory of different human settlements contributing, to a maximum degree, to the achievement of the objectives of socialist construction, to the creation of most favourable conditions for the people's work, life and rest, to the development and intensification of social production taking into account objective tendencies of urbanization and the effective use of forecasted urban development resources. The realization of the master scheme of residential distribution will allow to fully take into account the economic, ecological and demographic requirements in the elaboration and realization of the plans of development of production and residential distribution aimed at the rise of the living standard of the Soviet people. 相似文献
3.
采用实测资料分析和理论探讨的方法,研究了黄河口海岸造陆与水沙过程变异的关系.研究结果表明:黄河口陆域来水来沙是海岸造陆的基础,来水来沙越大,造陆面积越大,水沙过程变异后,由于水沙的急剧减少,黄河口海岸造陆速度减缓,典型岸段严重蚀退造陆面积也大幅减小;尾闾河道萎缩对海岸造陆影响较大,萎缩越严重,越不利于海岸的造陆发育.运用多元回归分析建立了黄河口海岸造陆水沙临界综合关系式,可供科学调控来水来沙实施黄河口海岸防护过程中参考. 相似文献
4.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(10):1142-1152
On the basis of a study of a large quantity of deep-seated xenoliths from the kimberlites of the Malo-Botuobuya, Daldyn-Alakit, Upper Muna, and Lower Olenek regions of Yakutia, we have discussed the distribution of the ultrabasic rocks and eclogites in the kimberlite pipes both on the basis of petrographic composition, and also on depth facies, and a comparison is presented of the mineral composition of the deep-seated inclusions and of the amounts of defined types of xenoliths with the diamond capacity of the kimberlites. The conclusion has been reached that: 1. the amounts of inclusions of deep-seated rocks vary significantly not only in kimberlites from the various diamond fields, but also in the pipes of a single diamond-bearing region; 2. the composition of the ultrabasic rocks and eclogites of the diamond-bearing pipes is distinguished from that of the inclusions of the non-diamond kimberlites in these rocks; and 3. the diamond capacity of the kimberlites has been determined by the depth of occurrence of the magmatic focus and the velocity of uprise (intrusion) of the melt during the formation of the kimberlitic diatremes —Authors. 相似文献
5.
In the period of impounding and running of the Three Gorges Reservoir, the sensitive degrees of change of groundwater table and displacement to the fluctuation of water level are different in different parts of landslides induced by the fluctuation of water level (as the case of Xietan Landslide). According to the relationship between different sensitive degrees of monitoring variables (underground water level and displacement) and quantity of monitoring information, the sensitive zones of groundwater table and displacement to the fluctuation of reservoir water level are divided into different degrees by the approach of fuzzy pattern recognition. The result of numerical subarea of sensitive zone of groundwater table and displacement indicates that the middle and front part of the landslide are the main places with groundwater table affected by the fluctuation of water level of reservoir; the variation of horizontal displacement of surficial part of the middle and front part of the landslide is more sensitive to water impounding and sudden fall of water level; and with the increase of elevation and depth of the landslide, the horizontal displacement changes less and less; the change of vertical displacement of surficial parts of the landslide is most sensitive to the fluctuation of water level of Three Gorges Reservoir; and with the increase of depth, the change of vertical displacement become smaller and smaller. By the means of the numerical subarea regulation of Xietan Landslide, the suggestions to the point layout for monitoring the groundwater table and displacement in the landside of Three Gorges Reservoir are put forward. 相似文献
6.
针对长春某地下车站深基坑工程,深入研究了基坑开挖过程中近铁路侧通风井段险情的发生过程及其致险机制。通过分析通风井附近桩身水平位移、桩顶水平位移、支撑轴力以及铁路道轨两侧路肩沉降差,探讨了通风井段基坑变形过大的原因;采用ABAQUS有限元软件对该基坑的施工过程进行数值模拟,分析了通风井段基坑施工险情的发生机制。研究结果表明,通风井段基坑变形过大是由岩土体过度应力释放和基坑变形空间效应共同作用导致。由于通风井处阳角的存在,且施工过程中通风井段基坑未架设斜撑,致使该处基坑变形的空间效应显著,坑壁产生指向通风井的扭转变形;开挖速度过快、支撑安装不及时和岩土体中过度应力释放导致围护桩变形过大,使基坑的稳定性变差。 相似文献
7.
Gurgen P. Tamrasjan 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1970,59(2):623-636
The paper deals with the distribution of main earthquakes of the world by local solar time counted out from the moment of the lower culmination of the sun, and by local lunar time counted out from the moment of the upper culmination of the moon relative to the meridian of the focus of earthquake. The uniplanetary seismic (and thereby in a definite sense also the modern tectonic) activity is in a close and distinct connection with the conditions of cosmic life of the earth, separate regions of which are in a close reciprocal coordination defining the seismic energy yield now in one, now in another time. The distribution of the strongest earthquakes (the number of them and especially their energies), which depict the basic seismic picture of the earth, is entirely distinctly coordinated by the mechanism of cosmic interactions. And here very strict regularities are revealed. Each main seismic region of the earth corresponds on the map of time to definite and typical zones of intensification of seismic activity and to the zones of sharp attenuation of this activity (seismic depressive zones). The map of time is as if divided by different seismic regions into spheres of influence. The sphere of influence of one region is often almost prohibited for the other one. This firstly relates to the upper structurehypsometric storey of the planet, to the earth's crust and to its underlying mantle, which contributes 4/5 of the whole seismic energy of the planet. The localization of the high seismic activity of the separate regions only at definite, strictly outlined plots of the map of time indicates the strict uniplanetary coordination of the planet's seismic energy yield. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
螺旋群桩基础承载性状试验研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
根据螺旋群桩现场静载试验结果,分析了螺旋群桩基础承载性状的影响因素,讨论了极限荷载下群桩几何参数对螺旋群桩的桩端阻力和桩侧摩阻力的影响。结果表明,螺旋群桩承载性状受到相邻桩的叶片距离以及首层叶片到承台底面间的桩长度影响明显。在叶片桩距比（桩间距比叶片直径）小于2时,螺旋群桩静载试验的荷载-位移曲线呈缓变形,无明显的拐点,群桩破坏属于整体破坏。同时,螺旋桩的叶片有助于减小承台下桩间土变形活动区的高度,增强了桩-土-承台的相互作用,减小了群桩基础沉降量。 相似文献
11.
超覆型库岸老滑坡滑床前缘大多发育一砂卵石层,该砂卵石层的强渗透性将影响滑坡渗流场,从而影响滑坡的稳定性.以三峡库区万州中学老滑坡为例,在确定该滑坡中地下水作用模式为承压水含水层作用模式的基础上,假定砂卵石层的4种不同渗透系数,来研究在库水位波动条件下,滑床砂卵石层渗透性对滑坡稳定性的影响.分析表明,超覆型老滑坡砂卵石层的渗透系数不同,滑坡中浸润线也不同,渗透系数越小,浸润线越低,滑坡中地下水相对库水位的滞后效应越明显;库水位上升阶段、高水位运行阶段和下降初期,万州中学老滑坡各级滑坡的稳定性系数随砂卵石层渗透系数k2的增大而减小;库水位稳定在150 m时,老滑坡整体稳定性随k2的增大而增大,k2的变化对次级滑体和三级滑体的稳定性影响不明显.这对于库区老滑坡的复活和监测预警工程有较强的应用价值. 相似文献
12.
Study of the Emplacement Mechanism of the Fenghuangshan Granite Pluton and Related Cu-Au Mineralization in Tongling, Anhui Province 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
WU Ganguo ZHANG D LI Dongxu ZHANG Xiangxin SHAO Yongjun ZANG Wenshuan WANG QunfengKey Laboratory of Lithospheric Tectonics Exploration China University of Geosciences 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(2):492-502
The Fenghuangshan Pluton is located in the Tongling polymineral-cluster district in the middle-lower section of the Yangtze metallogenic belt. In tectonic terms, it is in the middle of the Guichi-Fanchang faulted fold bundle of the lower Yangtze Platform fold belt between the Dabie Orogenic Belt and the Jiangnan Massif. Analyses of the structural deformation characteristics of both the contact zone and the interior of the pluton are used to explain its emplacement mechanism. The foliation and lineation of the pluton, consisting of the oriented distribution of dark minerals and xenoliths, mainly concentrate along the margin of the pluton. Toward the center of the pluton, the foliation structure becomes weak, showing intense compression formation at the margin, and reflecting the conformable intrusion of the pluton. The relatively gentle lineation is evidence of a rotatory emplacement mechanism. Relatively steep marginal foliation reflects compression expanding. Affected by the thermal power of the pluton, 相似文献
13.
V.I.STAROSTIN O.G.SOROKHTIN 《地学前缘》2004,11(1):225-235
现有的矿产资源分布资料可以说明地球历史中亲铁和亲铜元素成矿的一般规律。铁矿床在元古宙地核分离之后最为发育。除个别显著成矿高峰外 ,金的储量分布与铁类似。亲铁元素矿物的成矿潜力在古元古代也最大 ,以后逐渐降低 ,只是在显生宙 ,因地壳的再循环和古老矿床中矿石物质的活化而再次增大。元素的行为则完全不同 ,在前寒武纪时期它们的活动性为中等。亲铜矿物矿床的总量 ,在显生宙因再循环而达到最高 ,亲铜矿物矿床成矿能力较之亲铁矿物强得多 ,因为硫化物比铁金属氧化物更为活泼。地球演化的旋回性表现为超大陆形成的周期性 ,它与矿产的分布颇为一致。铁矿、亲铁元素和金成矿作用的突然激增 ,显然是在超大陆形成之后 ,并且与其早期裂解的脉动相对应。亲铜元素堆积的高峰期往往与超大陆的形成期相对应。尽管亲铜元素成矿的第三次脉动与中生代古陆 (Mesogea)的形成并不一致 ,但却与劳亚古陆及冈瓦纳古陆的裂解相一致。此种成矿堆积现象可以借助地幔内非稳态化学密度对流所诱发的地壳发展周期性来解释。根据超大陆形成的周期性推断地幔对流巨旋回的主期应为 80 0Ma ,此种周期性亦反映了具原始地幔印记的亲铁、金和亲铜元素的聚集作用过程。因此 ,地球圈层中地幔对流作用的周期性亦显著地控制了包括地幔 相似文献
14.
燕山式板内造山带基本特征与动力学探讨 总被引：68，自引：10，他引：58
板内造山带的基本特征是前期已经固结的岩石圈重新活化。前期地壳基底的复活对后期构造的控制和造山期新生的构造对前期地壳的改造是板内造山作用的两大特征。燕山地区元古宙东西向基底断裂带在中生代的复活控制了区域盖层的构造,表现为沿古断裂的斜滑作用形成的正花状和负花状构造对中生代盖层沉积盆地及其构造的控制,形成盆缘逆冲断层;在基底和盖层中形成羽列式断层及大型Ｓ Ｃ 式排列的褶皱和断裂组合。其中的逆冲推覆构造也与发育于板缘的不同,主要为基底卷入型。幔源热活动导致强烈的岩浆活动和地壳被加热、软化,从而诱发变形是造山期新生的特点。燕山的纬向构造被ＮＮＥ向太行山构造带所叠加,以及许多以变质核杂岩和岩浆底辟为代表的垂向构造穿插其中,组成了燕山式板内造山带的主要构造格局。地球内部物质的垂向调整,幔源物质和热流的上升是板内造山带的主因。重力和地球自转引起的切向力是形成板内造山带表层构造的不可忽视的力源 相似文献
15.
下向分层进路充填采矿法中,进路充填顶板的稳定对回采过程安全性至关重要,而分层充填体叠加载荷计算一直是顶板稳定性分析的难点。在充分考虑采动岩体荷载、矿体倾角、相邻分层间回采进路的交错布置、充填体与围岩的接触等工程实际后,推导了进路顶板平衡微分方程,求解得到进路顶板静荷载的理论值。结合回采工艺建立了“多跨梁”力学模型,并得到了回采进路顶板拉应力的理论计算公式,分析得到影响进路顶板稳定性的4个重要理论因素：顶板上部载荷σ v、回采进路跨度l、1:4充填体的厚度h、充填体自身抗拉强度[σt]。为充分考虑进路顶板静载荷和回采爆破动载荷影响,利用FLAC3D对多因素影响下的顶板稳定性进行了数值模拟正交计算。根据模拟结果,分析了各因素对顶板拉应力的影响规律,利用多元非线性回归的方法建立了多因素组合影响下顶板稳定性评价模型。该模型应用到某铜矿试验采场的实际生产,具有较好的指导作用。 相似文献
16.
黄河源区水环境变化及黄河出现冬季断流的原因 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
自1954年有水文观测资料以来，黄河曾在青海省玛多县黄河沿水文站发生过3次断流。本文在分析黄河源区水环境特征及其影响因素的基础上指出，鄂陵湖、扎陵湖的环湖融区调节能力低，当遇到连续干旱、冬季其调节水量不足以维系黄河径流时便会发生断流，这是断流的主因。湖水位降低、开采沙金、过度放牧等自然和人为因素也会对黄河发生断流产生影响。鄂陵湖口附近黄河上修建的水电站开始蓄水，提高了两湖及环湖融区的调节能力，今后黄河冬季出现断流的可能性将大为降低。 相似文献
17.
新生代板内造山作用研究--认识中国区域地质构造基本特征的关键 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
中国区域地质构造特征深受新生代初印度板块对欧亚板块陆陆碰撞的影响 ,原属显生宙不同时代构造单元拼贴的中国区域发生了普遍而强烈的构造叠加改造 ,导致板内造山作用。由作者新编的中国主要活动断裂构造图显示 ,印度板块的碰撞对中国地质构造演化的影响远比自中生代侏罗纪以来太平洋亚洲板块会聚造成的影响更为强烈。中国帕米尔山结东、西两侧的现今大陆动力环境差别巨大 ,其东侧的东移因遇太平洋板块向西俯冲而获得上冲的自由空间。阿尔金断裂带把中国西部分划为南、北断裂构造活动性质不同的两大构造域。有人否认板内造山作用是因为他们只承认经典的板块边缘造山带的存在。要改变这一观念深入研究板内造山作用及演化 ,综合分析造山带构造地貌、山体隆升扩展、与前陆盆地的耦合、陆相沉积建造序列、冲断推覆构造系及其匹配、壳源花岗岩侵位及深部地球物理场观测等是关键。中国是研究大陆拼贴地块区板内造山作用的理想区域 ,在这一地区从事研究可大大丰富大陆动力学的内涵 ,把地质构造综合成果及对演化规律的认识作为编制大地构造图新的重要要素 ,对理论研究与实际应用都有巨大意义 相似文献
18.
成矿流体输运物理机制研究的关键难题与方法体系 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
流体的物质来源，流体活化→迁移→聚集→沉淀过程的化学机理，流体输运与定位过程的物理机制，可视为构造-流体-成矿系统这一课题研究中的主要问题。相对于前两个基本方面的研究进展而言，流体的输运与定位过程的物理机制仍然是矿床学研究中一个重要难题。流体输运物理规律的研究方法主要包括定性分析、定量模拟和相似物理实验等。定性分析主要是对大量地质现象的高度概括和科学升华，分析结果表明成矿流体，尤其是多相热流体在给定三维动态形变场中的运移趋势及定位规律是成矿流体输运物理机制研究的关键问题；但由于逻辑推理和经验判断在定性研究中扮演了重要角色，定性研究的结果显得抽象和过于概略，不能详尽地阐明流体输运的物理过程。而定量模拟难以把握成矿期介质渗透率及成矿应力场的动态变化，使其与实际地质对象在物理性质上具有一定差距。物理实验虽能处理二维动态构造形变场中流体输运问题，但由于实验条件的限制，难以处理三维空间内流体运移问题。因而，上述 3种研究手段优势互补，它们的交错应用及结论间的相互对比与验证，将有望解决流体输运与定位过程物理机制研究中的重要问题。 相似文献
19.
20.