共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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考虑降雨入渗的有密集排水孔幕渗流场分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
有复杂边界面的渗流场求解问题经常会同时涉及降雨入渗边界和密集排水孔边界,这一般是一个非饱和渗流问题,因此传统的稳定饱和排水子结构模型不能适用。根据2类不同的排水孔,给出了排水子结构典型网格划分型式,提出了相应的非饱和排水子结构水力学模型,并引入传统模型中未考虑的降雨入渗等其它边界,使得模型更全面和完善。 相似文献
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利用FLAC3D程序提供的二次开发平台UDM在VC++编译环境下实现了一基于修正剑桥模型的简化边界面模型的开发。介绍了边界面模型的基本原理,并给出了开发关键技术和具体实施方法。通过三轴加卸载试验、不排水静三轴试验、不排水动三轴试验等几种数值试验与修正剑桥模型进行了对比研究。计算结果验证了所开发的边界面模型的正确性及相对修正剑桥模型的优越性。 相似文献
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目前关于城市固废的降解固结理论研究均沿用太沙基传统排水边界,但是这样不能完全描述垃圾填埋场中复杂的排水边界条件。因此,在已有的简化降解固结模型基础上引入连续排水边界条件,建立了新鲜面为连续排水边界的饱和城市固废一维降解固结模型。在此基础上,借助特征函数解偏微分方程得到了级数形式的解析解答,解的退化检验和收敛性判断初步验证了其合理性。解析解与已有解答的对比分析显示,引入连续排水边界条件后,超静孔压分布有显著的变化;且解析解可解决初始条件和边界条件的矛盾,能反映边界上孔压消散的时间效应。进一步的参数敏感性分析显示,通过调整界面参数可以模拟各种排水条件,获得从完全不排水到完全排水的连续解答。此外,从排水能力差异会改变降解固结发展速度出发,提出了一种保证填埋场稳定的可行策略。 相似文献
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排水是岩土体及工程构筑物渗流控制的主要措施之一,其实质是通过在渗流域内形成潜在溢出边界或低水位边界而实现渗流控制的。在排水渗控条件下,渗流场往往具有强烈的边界非线性特征,Signorini型变分不等式方法从理论上为稳定和非稳定排水渗流问题提供了有效的分析方法,但其实际效果还需要得到试验的验证。通过开展含5个排水廊道的排水砂槽模型试验,研究了复杂排水条件下砂土渗流的基本规律,并通过试验数据与数值计算成果的对比分析,论证了Signorini型变分不等式方法的有效性和正确性。试验结果表明,在稳定渗流条件下,排水砂槽上游侧3个排水廊道对渗流控制起主导作用,而下游侧2个廊道则失去排水功能,数值计算与试验成果吻合较好;在非稳定渗流条件下,受测压管精度、砂样均匀性和毛细效应的影响,数值计算与试验成果存在一定偏差,但也较好地揭示了复杂排水条件下砂槽中的非稳定渗流特征。排水砂槽试验结果验证了Signorini型变分不等式方法的有效性和正确性,为复杂排水条件下岩土体及工程构筑物的渗控结构优化设计提供了有效的分析手段。 相似文献
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《岩土力学》2017,(1)
通过空心圆柱扭剪仪对不同相对密实度的饱和南京砂分别进行了单调扭剪不排水、排水试验以及循环扭剪不排水试验。试验结果表明:在单调扭剪试验中,试样相转换线的位置与排水条件无关,但相对密实度较大试样的相转换线斜率小于相对密实度较小的试样。在循环扭剪不排水试验中,对于相对密实度较小的试样,当其有效应力路径接近单调扭剪荷载作用下具有相同初始条件试样的相转换线时,孔压急剧增加,扭剪应变迅速增大,试样出现不稳定现象,随后发生初始液化;对于相对密实度较大的试样,当其有效应力路径接近单调扭剪荷载作用下试样的相转换线时,试样出现循环活动现象,随着循环扭剪荷载的继续施加,有效应力路径表现为以破坏线为边界且呈"蝴蝶"形状的一系列重叠的回滞环,此时孔压在某一常值上下波动,累积孔压不再增加。具有相同初始条件的试样在循环和单调扭剪荷载作用下得到的相转换线几乎相同,这一规律不受相对密实度的影响。 相似文献
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在考虑软黏土流变特性的基础上,结合工程实际,引入连续排水边界条件,建立了变荷载下连续排水边界黏弹性地基一维固结模型。通过分离变量法与常数变易法,求得了变荷载作用及连续排水边界条件下的饱和软黏土一维固结模型的解析解,进一步研究了透水边界条件和土体参数对超孔隙水压力、有效应力的影响。研究结果表明:上下边界透水性的不同会直接影响超孔隙水压力的变化;越靠近透水性大的边界处的土体固结速度越快,且随着其离排水边界的距离减小,对固结速度的影响逐渐增大;另外,软土层的渗透系数、Kelvin体弹簧的弹性模量和黏滞系数等对土颗粒间的有效应力影响较大。 相似文献
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采用轴平移技术对砂土、粉质黏土、黏土3种土质的土-水特征曲线进行了测试分析,并结合核磁共振技术测得了试样在不同基质吸力加载步条件下的T2时间（横向弛豫时间）分布曲线,从细微观角度分析了脱湿过程中孔隙水在土体中赋存分布的情况。实验结果表明:3种土质的体积含水率随着控制吸力的增大而减少,该脱湿曲线可分为边界效应区、过渡区与残余区3个区域。其中,黏土的持水特性明显大于粉质黏土和砂土。核磁共振的试验结果与压力板仪获得的脱湿过程是对应的,从微细观角度展示了土体的排水过程。在排水过程中,总体上具有较大势能的大孔隙水先排出,随后小孔隙开始排水,但这一规律并不绝对,由于土体孔隙结构的复杂性,会出现大小孔隙同时排水以及土样中水分重分布的现象。 相似文献
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轻非水相液体（LNAPL）进入到地下环境中,首先在非饱和带进行垂向迁移,到达毛细带后在地下水面以上形成饱和透镜体。准确预测LNAPL渗漏在毛细带形成的透镜体厚度,对于LNAPL的去除及污染含水层的修复具有重要的指导意义。通过模拟实验测定了水-油两相吸湿及脱湿曲线,采用水-油饱和度-压力曲线拟合出了吸湿及脱湿进入压力。根据透镜体达到稳定状态时脱湿、吸湿压力水头之间的关系,建立了透镜体厚度的预测计算方法,并以中砂和粗砂为例,预测出实验条件下柴油在毛细带形成透镜体稳定时的厚度分别为4.61 cm和1.29 cm。通过室内模拟槽实验,测得柴油在中砂和粗砂中迁移时形成的透镜体厚度分别为5.30 cm和1.50 cm。预测与实验结果的相对误差分别为13.0%和14.0%。误差产生的主要原因为脱湿与吸湿曲线是在非干燥情况下测得,从而导致预测的透镜体厚度偏小。 相似文献
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通常的渗流计算中排水的模拟方法很多,诸如排水子结构法、增加渗透阻抗等。但大型地下厂房与洞室的排水非常复杂,若对每个排水孔都进行模拟就非常繁杂。利用简化方法,采用给定水头和给定流量相结合的方法可以较为方便地解决复杂排水模拟的问题。对糯扎渡地下厂房和洞室群的复杂排水和对左岸包括地下厂房与硐室进行渗流计算分析,通过多个计算方案的比较,对给定流量和给定水头模拟排水效果进行合理假定,使模拟结果得到的排水区流量和水头趋于一致,由此得到合理可靠的排水模拟效果。对模拟得到的糯扎渡左岸山体渗流场进行了分析。计算结果有助于优化工程渗控方案,同时为计算变形稳定提供合理可靠的水荷载。 相似文献
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This paper presents semi-analytical solutions to Fredlund and Hasan’s one-dimensional consolidation for unsaturated soils under symmetric semi-permeable drainage boundary conditions. Two variables are introduced to transform two coupled governing equations of pore-air and pore-water pressures into an equivalent set of partial differential equations, which are easily solved by the Laplace transform. Then, the pore-air and pore-water pressures, and soil settlement are obtained in the Laplace domain. Crump’s method is adopted to perform the inverse Laplace transform in order to obtain semi-analytical solutions in time domain. It is shown that the present solution is more applicable to various types of drainage boundary conditions, and in a good agreement with existing solutions from the literature. Furthermore, several numerical examples are provided to investigate the consolidation behavior of an unsaturated single-layer soil with traditional drainage boundary (single or double), and single-sided and double-sided semi-permeable drainage boundaries. Finally, it illustrates the changes in pore-air and pore-water pressures and soil settlement with time at different values of symmetric semi-permeable drainage boundary conditions parameters. In addition, parametric studies are conducted by the variations of pore-air and pore-water pressures at different ratios of air-water permeability coefficient and the depth. 相似文献
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Examination of two lines of repeated leveling in North Carolina and Georgia reveals
- 1. (1) apparent uplift at the Blue Ridge-Piedmont physiographic boundary (the AtlanticGulf drainage divide) relative to the Atlantic Coastal Plain on the east and the Valley and Ridge province to the west; and
- 2. (2) large tilts over short baselines superimposed upon the regional pattern in the vicinity of the nearby Blue Ridge—Piedmont geologic boundary (the Brevard fault zone). In the North Carolina profile a very pronounced correlation between topography and movement suggests possible systematic leveling error, but the observed movements appear to be larger than those normally attributed to leveling error. Thus, either refraction or rod errors are larger than expected, or the movement is real and strongly correlates with topography along this portion of the leveling line.
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The study presents semi-analytical solutions of two-dimensional plane strain consolidation problem in unsaturated soils incorporating the lateral semipermeable drainage boundary by adopting Fourier sine series and Laplace transform. The two-dimensional plane strain consolidation equations in the form of two-order partial differential equations with three variables are firstly converted to two-order partial differential equations with two variables, which are similar to those of one-dimensional consolidation problem. The four-order ordinary differential equations about excess pore-air and excess pore-water pressures are got by applying Laplace transform and the substitution method. Then, the solutions of excess pore pressures and settlement are achieved in the Laplace transform domain. Afterwards, on the basis of Crump's method, the inverse Laplace transform is conducted to obtain the analytical solutions in time domain. The comparison is conducted to verify the exactness of the obtained solutions, and the two-dimensional plane strain consolidation property with the lateral semipermeable drainage boundary is illustrated and discussed. Parametric studies are demonstrated for the excess pore pressures and normalized settlement with the change of the boundary parameters, air-water and lateral-vertical permeability coefficients, and the distance and depth. It can be found that the lateral semipermeable drainage boundary impedes the consolidation rate obviously, and when different investigated parameters are adopted, the consolidation property is similar to each other under the later permeable and semipermeable drainage boundary conditions. 相似文献
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Gas drainage not only ensures safety in coal mine but also produces clean energy and reduces emission of greenhouse gases. However, a good method to evaluate the efficiency of gas drainage is still absent. In this study, we firstly propose a definition of gas drainage efficiency which is defined as the ratio of the real output–input efficiency to the ideal output–input efficiency. The definition combines both engineering parameters such as radius, length of borehole and economical parameters such as drilling cost to develop a comprehensive index for the assessment of the engineering–economical efficiency. Then, three important factors to determine gas drainage efficiency including the difficulty level, the input and output, namely investment and production, and the attenuation characteristic of gas drainage are discussed. Based on the relative standards, the index can reasonably evaluate gas drainage projects with different difficulty levels, thereby avoiding dependence on an absolute standard for the evaluation of overall difficulty levels. The indicator can also take both input and output into consideration and reflect the reduction of gas drainage flow with time. Besides, we investigate the relationship between gas drainage efficiency and several engineering parameters, including borehole radius, borehole length and the quality of borehole sealing. The results show the possibility of optimizing engineering parameters to maximize gas drainage efficiency. Finally, the evaluation method is proven efficient by performing case studies. 相似文献
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岩溶水库坝基防渗帷幕灌浆幕深与幕长的结构形式及处理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
防渗帷幕灌浆是处理岩溶地区水库坝基坝肩渗漏的主要方法之一，它可以杜绝深、浅层的复杂的岩溶漏水问题，帷幕设计的合理性及其效果取决于水文地质、地下水的补排条件，水工建筑物结构之间的帷幕体的搭接形式，布置格局和边界范围。本文根据34处渗漏水库的灌浆实践，提出确定帷幕的深度和长度的原则，并得出了相关曲线和经验公式，对岩溶地区水库的渗漏处理进行探讨。 相似文献
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An iterative procedure is proposed to determine the far-field state of stress that exists in a rock mass with non-linear behavior around a tunnel. Absolute displacements of the tunnel wall obtained by means of geodetic measurements are used to identify the boundary stress conditions. Previous information is accounted for, so that boundary conditions can be updated at the various stages of a project, as soon as new information becomes available. The application to the 2-D plane strain synthetic model of a tunnel in a yielding rock mass shows the fast convergence of the procedure and the need to use absolute displacements (rather than relative displacements) in order for the identification problem to be well-posed. 相似文献