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1.
鄂尔多斯盆地是近年研究的热点区域.以鄂尔多斯盆地东部上古生界在燕山运动主幕期间 (晚侏罗世-早白垩世) 的应力场量化研究为目标,以期为应力场数值模拟及储层裂缝预测提供边界条件.通过盆地边界同构造期构造形迹应力反演和地层剥蚀量恢复结果探讨了晚侏罗世-早白垩世三轴应力状态及水平最大主应力方向;基于泥岩压实曲线及Newberry力学模型计算了附加构造应力及垂直地应力,进而获得了研究区上古生界在晚侏罗世-早白垩世的三轴主应力大小及差应力值.研究结果显示,研究区在燕山运动主幕期间最大主应力近水平,方向为SEE98°,中间主应力近竖直,最小主应力为NWW方向;上古生界储层 (平均恢复埋深为4 600 m) 在燕山运动主幕的三轴主应力大小分别为93.2~101.3 MPa、65.8~67.2 MPa、53.1~53.6 MPa,差应力为40.1~48.0 MPa.研究结果为区域构造应力场数值模拟、储层裂缝预测及裂缝型油气藏有利区优选等油气勘探工作提供了必要的基础. 相似文献
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燕山辽西地区的盖层可分两个构造层,由燕辽复向斜和秦皇岛背形相互叠加,并相应发育两期推覆构造。复向斜范围包括内蒙地轴和燕山沉降带,是由长条形的三个背斜和二个向斜相间,及配套的EW向纵断裂、SN向横断裂和NE向、NW向的共轭断裂组成。著名的尚义-宽城-凌源-朝阳-北票断裂是复向斜及其次级背斜的轴部纵断裂,以南大岭组、窑坡组和北票组作为其裂隙充填物。燕山EW向断裂南北对冲现象是复向斜纵断裂放射状排列并向核部推覆的反映。复向斜的形成机制完全符合纵弯褶皱作用下岩石的变形原理,是西伯利亚板块和华北板块碰撞的结果;秦皇岛背形的形成是后期太平洋板块俯冲在欧亚板块之下所致。 相似文献
3.
川东南构造应力应变以及构造期次的划分,是近年来四川盆地演化分析的重点研究对象。明确其构造演化与古应力场关系对于后期深化研究四川盆地边缘应力演化、指导本地区油气勘探具有重要意义。通过对酒店垭-桑木场背斜两翼须家河组露头观测到452组节理进行处理、统计、分析,利用传统的构造几何学分析方法、磷灰石裂变径迹以及声发射实验并结合相关区域构造演化史资料,分析了研究区裂缝发育期次以及古构造应力场。结果表明：该区主要为两套构造节理,分别为近NW—SE向和近NE—SW向两期主构造应力作用形成的节理;研究区自三叠纪之后发生了至少两期以上对该地区具有重大影响的构造运动：第一期为燕山运动中—晚期,最大主应力轴方向为133°,主要形成NE、NNE向断裂体系,构造规模较大、断裂发育;第二期为燕山运动末期-喜马拉雅运动早期,最大主应力轴方向为51°,主要形成NW向构造体系,构造规模较小、断裂仍较发育。 相似文献
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辽西中生代盆地特征及盆岭构造 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
辽西地区中生代陆相盆地及盆岭构造发育,可划分为早中印支期（T1,2）、晚印支期-早燕山期（T3-J1）、中燕山期（J2-J3）、晚燕山期（K1）、末燕山期（K2）5个盆地形成时期.一般地,盆地早期多为断陷阶段,晚期为拗陷阶段.盆地长轴方向为北东向或北北东向,受控于该时期的构造格架.山岭（古隆起）及其间宽广低拗的盆地组合形成盆岭构造.盆岭构造为辽西地区中生代构造的一大特色,可分为侏罗纪和白垩纪2个类型的盆岭构造,也反映了中生代地壳多次的裂陷和伸展作用. 相似文献
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本文中,笔者对燕辽地区的构造形迹进行了重新厘定,并将其划分成不同构造阶段的产物,提出了一些新的认识:燕辽地区范围包括"内蒙地轴"和燕山沉降带,其构造格局主要由燕辽向斜、燕辽复向斜和秦皇岛背形及其配套断裂组成,在这三个区域构造样式之下又发育次一级的褶皱构造及其配套断裂,并且后期构造对前期构造改造、叠加和利用,致使出现复杂的构造格局.海西一印支期形成了燕辽向斜及其配套断裂,"内蒙地轴"是燕辽向斜的北翼.燕辽沉降带是燕辽向斜的南翼.早中侏罗世进一步褶皱成复向斜,"内蒙地轴"南缘断裂是复向斜的轴部纵断裂并充填了上侏罗统作为裂隙充填物.中晚侏罗世开始,以秦皇岛-凌源断裂为轴面褶皱成一个背形.秦皇岛-凌源断裂的存在及其对燕山段和辽西段的影响致使燕山段和辽西段具有不同的地表出露形态. 相似文献
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银川盆地新生代构造演化：来自银川盆地主边界断裂运动学的约束 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
银川盆地新生代以来主要沿其边界断裂发生多期断陷活动,其边界断裂运动学特征记录了盆地的形成演化历史。基于其边界断裂滑动矢量的详细测量与分析,结合区域构造、盆地内沉积序列以及叠加变形分析,提出银川盆地新生代主要受NWSE向伸展、NESW向伸展与NESW向挤压3期构造应力场控制。结合区域构造演化与相关年代学数据,银川盆地新生代以来主要经历初始断陷、持续断陷与拉分断陷等3期构造演化,始新世-上新世受NWSE向伸展作用控制,银川盆地两侧主边界断裂发生正倾滑活动,导致盆地发生强烈断陷活动,充填了始新世-上新世红色砂岩、砾岩;更新世期间,古构造应力场转变为NESW向伸展,其主边界断裂以左行斜张活动,银川盆地持续断陷沉降;晚更新世晚期(?)以来,在NESW向挤压作用控制下,银川盆地主边界断裂发生强烈右行走滑兼正断活动,盆地受断裂剪切拉张活动,发生拉分断陷沉积。 相似文献
7.
松辽盆地南部-辽西地区横跨兴蒙-吉黑造山带、华北地台及其北缘的增生带几个大地构造单元。受不同类型基底和区域断裂控制,在辽西盆岭区、松辽盆地区和辽北盆地区发育不同类型的晚三叠世-早侏罗世、中-晚侏罗世、白垩纪盆地,各期盆地间继承性较差,方向性极强。三叠系烃源岩发育程度较差,下侏罗统、下白垩统2套煤系地层是主要烃源岩发育段。侏罗系北票组是朝阳-北票等盆地的重要烃源岩,白垩系烃源岩发育较好,除九佛堂组、沙海组、阜新组3套烃源岩外,义县组发育潜在烃源岩。盆地含油气性评价表明辽北盆地区发育4种不同级别的含油气盆地,其中以陆家堡断陷、钱家店断陷、昌图断陷和茫汉断陷勘探前景最好;辽西地区阜新-义县盆地、朝阳-北票盆地等具有一定的勘探价值。 相似文献
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利用声发射研究郯庐断裂北段古应力事件 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用声发射实验方法,测试分析了郯庐断裂带北段古构造应力场,结果显示郯庐断裂北段西侧自晚奥陶世以来,经历了8次古构造事件,最大主应力有效值为153.6MPa;从早二叠世至早燕山期,测区构造运动很弱;早白垩世以来有4次古构造事件。由此推断依兰-伊通断裂和哈尔滨-长春断裂形成于古生代,燕山运动使其演化成大型走滑断裂。 相似文献
10.
鄂尔多斯盆地沿河湾探区低渗储层长61构造裂缝主要形成期应力环境判识 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
开展储层裂缝预测研究,首先必须认识构造裂缝形成的期次及其古应力状态。通过上三叠统延长组长61储层岩石声发射实验得出的古构造历史有效最大主应力记忆出现率,厘定鄂尔多斯盆地沿河湾探区长61储层构造裂缝形成时最大主应力介于79.12~89.99 MPa之间。通过岩石古应力分期、裂缝充填物包裹体测温和期次测定,结合区域构造应力场演化分析,确定延长组储层构造裂缝主要形成期为燕山期。通过露头区地层和覆盖区定向岩心共轭裂缝或节理应变测量,恢复了沿河湾地区燕山期构造运动三轴应力状态,即最大主应力(δ1)方向为NW-SE向,优势方位129°∠10°,最小主应力(δ3)优势方位36°∠7°,中间主应力(δ2)近于垂直。裂缝主要形成期及其古应力状态研究成果为沿河湾探区长61低渗储层构造裂缝分布和发育规律定量预测研究提供了地质依据。 相似文献
11.
山西太古代——中生代构造应力场 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
本文采用历史分析与力学分析相结合的原则,研究山西太古代至中生代五次主要构造运动的形变特征、主应力方向及分布规律。中太古代晚期（阜平运动）以SSW向挤压为主;晚太古代末期（五台运动）、早元古代末期（吕粱运动）和侏罗纪（燕山运动）受SE—SEE向挤压;白垩纪（四川运动）以SSW向挤压为特征。五次构造运动的最大主压应力均呈近水平方向。 相似文献
12.
贵州省织金—纳雍煤田构造特征及其成因 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
织金—纳雍煤田主要发育NE、NW、EW及近SN向四组褶皱与断裂,其中以NE向最为发育。在早燕山期近EW向最大主应力作用下,黔中隆起及其邻区发生剧烈造山运动,在煤田东部边界形成向西逆冲的区域性大断裂—遵义断裂,并伴生一系列近NS向褶皱及断层。自东向西的强烈挤压使得垭都—紫云断裂带发生压剪性活动,在西部边界靠近断裂带形成一系列NW向褶皱及断层。随后主应力转变为SE—NW向,受到隆起的阻隔及纳雍—瓮安断裂、垭都—紫云断裂的限制,在煤田中部形成NE向褶皱及断层,此时奠定了织纳煤田的基本构造格局。晚燕山期将早期NE向构造左行剪切成"S"形,晚燕山期及喜马拉雅期主要表现为对早期构造的继承性发展。 相似文献
13.
鄂尔多斯盆地中生界油气成藏与构造运动的关系 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
鄂尔多斯盆地是中国著名的大型中生代含油气盆地,上三叠统延长组和侏罗系延安组为盆地主要含油层系,该含油层系经历了印支、燕山和喜山三期大的构造运动。通过中、新生代不同地质历史时期应力场分析以及构造热事件研究,结合裂缝性质、裂缝方位及裂缝中包裹体特征等,讨论了中生界油气成藏与构造运动的关系。研究认为盆地主要发育E—W向、NNE向和NE向三组区域性裂缝。其中,弱充填的NE向剪裂缝为印支期S—N向挤压环境下形成的剪裂缝,或基底断裂形成的诱导张裂缝;近E—W向展布的弱充填裂缝为燕山期NW—SE挤压环境下形成的剪切裂缝;强烈充填的NNE向张裂缝形成于喜山期NNW—SSE拉张环境。盆地中、新生代地层所经历的每一期构造运动都对盆内油气的运移和聚集起控制作用。印支运动使得盆地沉积了中生界最为重要的一套烃源岩;燕山运动产生的构造热事件使烃源岩达到了生排烃高峰期,使得油气成藏大多定型于燕山期;喜山运动使油气进行大规模的运移和调整,从而使中生界上部油气的分布与基底断裂带走向相吻合。中、新生代这三期构造运动对鄂尔多斯盆地发展和油气成藏产生了重要影响。 相似文献
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Stefan Luth Ernst Willingshofer Marten ter Borgh Dimitrios Sokoutis Jozua van Otterloo Arno Versteeg 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,102(4):1071-1090
Crustal deformation in front of an indenter is often affected by the indenter’s geometry, rheology, and motion path. In this context, the kinematics of the Jaufen- and Passeier faults have been studied by carrying out paleostress analysis in combination with crustal-scale analogue modelling to infer (1) their relationship during indentation of the Adriatic plate and (2) their sensitivity in terms of fault kinematics to the geometry and motion path of Adria. The field study reveals mylonites along the Jaufen fault, which formed under lower greenschist facies conditions and is associated with top-to-the-west/northwest shear with a northern block down component. In addition, a brittle reactivation of the Jaufen shear zone under NNW–SSE to NW–SE compressional and ENE–WSW tensional stress conditions was deduced from paleostress analysis. The inferred shortening direction is consistent with fission track ages portraying Neogene exhumation of the Meran-Mauls basement south of the fault. Along the Passeier fault, deformation was only brittle to semi-ductile and paleostress tensors record that the fault was subjected to E–W extension along its northern segment varying into NW–SE compression and sinistral transpression along its southern segment. In the performed analogue experiments, a rigid, triangular shaped indenter was pushed into a sand pile resulting in the formation of a Passeier-like fault sprouting from the indenter’s tip. These kinds of north-trending tip faults formed in all experiments with shortening directions towards the NW, N, or NE. Consequently, we argue that the formation of the Passeier fault strongly corresponds to the outline of the Adriatic indenter and was only little affected by the indenter’s motion path due to induced strain partitioning in front of the different indenter segments. The associated fault kinematics along the Passeier fault including both E–W extension and NNW to NW shortening, however, is most consistent with a northward advancing Adriatic indenter. 相似文献
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《Geodinamica Acta》2003,16(2-6):131-147
Combining fieldwork and surface data, we have reconstructed the Cenozoic structural and tectonic evolution of the Northern Bresse. Analysis of drainage network geometry allowed to detect three major fault zones trending NE–SW, E–W and NW–SE, and smooth folds with NNE trending axes, all corroborated with shallow well data in the graben and fieldwork on edges. Cenozoic paleostress succession was determined through fault slip and calcite twin inversions, taking into account data of relative chronology. A N–S major compression, attributed to the Pyrenean orogenesis, has activated strike-slip faults trending NNE along the western edge and NE–SW in the graben. After a transitional minor E–W trending extension, the Oligocene WNW extension has structured the graben by a collapse along NNE to NE–SW normal faults. A local NNW extension closes this phase. The Alpine collision has led to an ENE compression at Early Miocene. The following WNW trending major compression has generated shallow deformation in Bresse, but no deformation along the western edge. The calculation of potential reactivation of pre-existing faults enables to propose a structural sketch map for this event, with a NE–SW trending transfer fault zone, inactivity of the NNE edge faults, and possibly large wavelength folding, which could explain the deposit agency and repartition of Miocene to Quaternary deformation. 相似文献
17.
Kh. S. Zaky 《Geotectonics》2017,51(6):625-652
Shear fractures, dip-slip, strike-slip faults and their striations are preserved in the pre- and syn-rift rocks at Gulf of Suez and northwestern margin of the Red Sea. Fault-kinematic analysis and paleostress reconstruction show that the fault systems that control the Red Sea–Gulf of Suez rift structures develop in at least four tectonic stages. The first one is compressional stage and oriented NE–SW. The average stress regime index R' is 1.55 and SHmax oriented NE–SW. This stage is responsible for reactivation of the N–S to NNE, ENE and WNW Precambrian fractures. The second stage is characterized by WNW dextral and NNW to N–S sinistral faults, and is related to NW–SE compressional stress regime. The third stage is belonging to NE–SW extensional regime. The SHmax is oriented NW–SE parallel to the normal faults, and the average stress regime R' is equal 0.26. The NNE–SSW fourth tectonic stage is considered a counterclockwise rotation of the third stage in Pliocene-Pleistocene age. The first and second stages consider the initial stages of rifting, while the third and fourth represent the main stage of rifting. 相似文献
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《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2010,39(6):307-335
Paleostress orientations were calculated from fault populations at 24 sites along the SW–NE segment and five sites along the E–W, Yasin segment of the Karakoram–Kohistan Suture Zone in NW Pakistan. They demonstrate the importance of combined thrusting and strike-slip faulting. However, several paleostress tensor directions are distinguished: a dominant NW–SE compression and a minor E–W compression are compatible with the recent evolution of this part of the Hindu Kush. From the lack of both systematic overprinting-relationships and spatial trend (the two tensors were obtained at different locations) we conclude that in each location any of these two shortening directions can dominate. Heterogeneously distributed extension is found in some places and is likely due to local conditions. These paleostress tensors substantiate a transpressional regime due to far-field Himalayan compression and document the long-term background of the seismogenic deformation in this region. 相似文献
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本文根据重新理清的辽西凌源牛营子盆地晚三叠世-中侏罗世地层层序及时代,讨论其区域地层对比.晚三叠世晚期的邓杖子组是一套崩滑流为主的碳酸盐角砾,其为区域印支期构造运动的造山记录,与京西、冀北杏石口组、辽西北票羊草沟组(坤头菠罗组)可以对比;早侏罗世水泉沟组与京西、冀北南大岭组、辽西北票兴隆沟组层位相当,且各组火山岩时代基本相同;中侏罗世早期郭家店组底部含煤段与京西上窑坡组、冀北下花园组中部、辽西北票组中上部植物组合面貌一致;中侏罗世中期郭家店组砾岩段是燕山期构造变形主幕的产物,北京西山龙门组、冀北下板城下花园组上部、辽西北票海房沟组都是该期的记录,层位相当;辽西中侏罗世中晚期蓝旗组底部的时代为158±1Ma,与京西、冀北髫髻山组安山岩的同位素年龄总体一致.这说明差异较大的燕山板内造山带三叠纪-中侏罗世盆地的沉积记录显示了相似的演化规律. 相似文献