共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
WEI Xiang GUO Ying CHENG Hanlie WEI Jianfei ZHANG Linlin HUO Liang HOU Zhenkun 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(5):1381-1392
The accurate estimation of fracture geometry parameters and the characterization of rock mass structure are two important topics in the geological disposal system of high-level radioactive waste (HLW). The Beishan area, as the current preselected area for China''s HLW disposal, has three subareas considered to be the key survey area at the stage of site selection. In this paper, a comprehensive survey method conducted on the outcrop is developed to estimate fracture geometry parameters. Results show that fracture occurrence obeys a Fisher distribution, fracture trace length obeys a normal distribution, and the distribution of spacing obeys a negative exponential distribution. An evaluation index, Rock Mass Structure Rating (RMSR), is proposed to characterize rock mass structure for the three subareas. The results show that the Xinchang area is more suitable to act as China’s HLW disposal repository site. At the same time, the index can also be applied to characterize surface rock mass structure and rock mass integrity at the site selection phase of HLW disposal. 相似文献
2.
Selection and Basic Properties of the Buffer Material for High-Level Radioactive Waste Repository in China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
WEN Zhijian 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(5):1050-1055
Radioactive wastes arising from a wide range of human activities are in many different physical and chemical forms, contaminated with varying radioactivity. Their common features are the potential hazard associated with their radioactivity and the need to manage them in such a way as to protect the human environment. The geological disposal is regarded as the most reasonable and effective way to safely disposing high-level radioactive wastes in the world. The conceptual model of geological disposal in China is based on a multi-barrier system that combines an isolating geological environment with an engineered barrier system. The buffer is one of the main engineered barriers for HLW repository. It is expected to maintain its low water permeability, self-sealing property, radio nuclides adsorption and retardation properties, thermal conductivity, chemical buffering property, canister supporting property, and stress buffering property over a long period of time. Bentonite is selected as the main content of buffer material that can satisfy the above requirements. The Gaomiaozi deposit is selected as the candidate supplier for China＇s buffer material of high level radioactive waste repository. This paper presents the geological features of the GMZ deposit and basic properties of the GMZ Na-bentonite. It is a super-large deposit with a high content of montmorillonite （about 75 %）, and GMZ-1, which is Na-bentonite produced from GMZ deposit is selected as the reference material for China＇s buffer material study. 相似文献
3.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2018,9(6):1639-1648
Cohesion(c) and friction angle(φ) of rock are important parameters required for reliability analysis of rock slope stability. There is correlation between c and φ which affects results of reliability analysis of rock slope stability. However, the characterization of joint probability distribution of c and φ through which their correlation can be estimated requires a large amount of rock property data, which are often not available for most rock engineering projects. As a result, the correlation between c and φ is often ignored or simply assumed during reliability studies, which may lead to bias estimation of failure probability. In probabilistic rock slope stability analysis, the influence of ignoring or simply assuming the correlation of the rock strength parameters(i.e., c and φ) on the reliability of rock slopes has not been fully investigated. In this study, a Bayesian approach is developed to characterize the correlation between c and φ, and an expanded reliability-based design(RBD) approach is developed to assess the influence of correlation between c and φ on reliability of a rock slope. The Bayesian approach characterizes the sitespecific joint probability distribution of c and φ, and quantifies the correlation between c and φ using available limited data pairs of c and φ from a rock project. The expanded RBD approach uses the joint probability distribution of c and φ obtained through the Bayesian approach as inputs, to determine the reliability of a rock slope. The approach gives insight into the propagation of the correlation between c and φ through their joint probability into the reliability analysis, and their influence on the calculated reliability of the rock slope. The approaches may be applied in practice with little additional effort from a conventional analysis. The proposed approaches are illustrated using real c and φ data pairs obtained from laboratory tests of fractured rock at Forsmark, Sweden. 相似文献
4.
ShenZhenyao LiGuoding LiShushen 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2004,15(4):388-394
One of the most suitable ways under study for the disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) is isolation in deep geological repositories. It is very important to research the thermo-hydromechanical (THM) coupled processes associated with an HLW disposal repository. Non-linear coupled equations, which are used to describe the THM coupled process and are suited to saturated-unsaturated porous media, are presented in this paper. A numerical method to solve these equations is put forward, and a finite element code is developed. This code is suited to the plane strain or axis-symmetry problem. Then this code is used to simulate the THM coupled process in the near field of an ideal disposal repository. The temperature vs. time, hydraulic head vs. time and stress vs. time results show that, in this assumed condition, the impact of temperature is very long (over 10 000 a) and the impact of the water head is short (about 90 d). Since the stress is induced by temperature and hydraulic head in this condition, the impact time of stress is the same as that of temperature. The results show that THM coupled processes are very important in the safety analysis of an HLW deep geological disposal repository. 相似文献
5.
TAN Boon-Kong 《《地质学报》英文版》2001,75(3):316-324
This paper provides an overview of the engineering geology of limestone. Limestone is of rather wide occurrence in Malaysia. It is interesting in view of the unique landforms and karstic features that are encountered in limestone terrains, e.g. steep, subvertical limestone cliffs rising abruptly and majestically above the ground surface and highly variable and pinnacled subterranean limestone bedrock. The karstic features and associated engineering geological problems of both the limestone hills and the bedrock are discussed in the paper. Rockfalls, sinkholes, cavities, etc. are some of the common engineering geological problems associated with limestone terrains. Some local case studies are provided as illustrations. Finally the rock mechanical properties of limestone is discussed at the end of the paper. 相似文献
6.
Late Hercynian-early Indosinian (Triassic) granite is widely distributed around the Taer region of the northern margin of West Kunlun. The rock mass is mainly composed of calc-alkaline porphyroid biotite adamellite and characterized by SiO2-rich, high-Ca, moderate-alkaline, and strongly peraluminous attributes, and relatively low ΣREE with LREE enrichment and a moderate Eu anomaly. As shown in the trace element spider web diagram, distinct peaks appear for Th, La, Nd, and Zr and clearly low values appear for Ba, Nb, Sr, P, and Ti. Further, compared with the primitive mantle, Rb/Sr and Rb/Ba are considerably higher and Nd/Th and Nb/Ta are relative low, all falling into the scope of the crust-origin rocks, indicating the characteristics of the crust-origin S-type granite. The rock mass’s zircon U-Pb isotopic age is determined to be 235.7 ± 3.9 Ma. On the basis of the age data, spatio-temporal location, lithology, and geochemistry of the rock mass, we conclude that the formation of the rock mass is closely related to the strong compressional orogenic movement (240 Ma) of the Tianshuihai terrane and the South Kunlun terrane. The rock mass is the product of the collision orogenic movement. However, distinct differences are observed between the studied rock mass and the synorogenic Bulunkou rock mass, which may be caused by the different collision strength and different positions with respect to the collision zone. 相似文献
7.
LEI Shibin Gold Headquarters of the State Economic Trade Commission Beijing China 《《地质学报》英文版》2000,74(3):548-553
Based on quantitative and semi-quantitative mathematical and mechanical analysis of the shape, motion, structural factors, stress field and deformation field of the ore-hosting faults in the Xincheng-Hexi gold deposit, the ore-controlling features of faults and mineralization mechanism are discussed. It is concluded that the mineralization is controlled by the main faults, subsidiary fractures, joint density, mechanical features and deformation of the faults. The ore bodies are mainly located in the lower part of the convex crest and upper part of the concave trough of the main undulating fault surface. Mineralization is positively correlated to the development of subsidiary fractures and joints, which correspond to zones of low internal stress and high body strain and shear strain. They are favourable positions for mineralization and alteration. 相似文献
8.
<正>Objective The Hadean zircon and rock are critical to deepening our understanding of the developmental history of early Earth,making possible new avenues for the Pre-Archean Eon.However,the Hadean rock on Earth is only identified in Canada indeed.Comparatively,the Hadean zircon has attracted considerably more attention,as it is widespread and exhibits robust chemical and physical features that 相似文献
9.
Granitoids are widely spread in the Nanling Region of China.Four rockbodies in the region the been studied for their REE,Rb,Sr,Ba and Sc distributions.The four rockbodies occurred in different locations and are characterized as being different in age and type.The rock types are presented as follows:Qinghu monzonite,Guangxi;Fuxi granodiorite,Guangdong;Jiufeng monzonitic granite,Hunan;Zudong K-feldspar granite,Jiangxi.From the major and trace element distributions in these granitoids it is clearly shown that Rb/Sr ratios in the rocks tend to increase with increasing SiO2 content and differentiation index(DI),but LREE/HREE,La/Yb and K/Rb ratios tend to decrease,suggesting a correlation between trace element distribution and major element composition for the granitoids.The distribution characteristics of trace elements in each of the rockbodies are described in detail.From the comparative analysis of the Qinghu monzonite and Fuxi granodiorite it is evidenced that the REE distribution is closely related to the sequence of crystallization for the minerals,and also to the petrochemical types of these granitoids in addition to their crystal chemistry. 相似文献
10.
An anisotropic geomechanical model for jointed rock mass is presented. Simultaneously with deriving the orthotropic anisotropy elastic parameters along the positive axis, the equivalent compliance matrix for the deflection axis orthotropic anisotropy was derived through a three-dimensional coordinate transformation. In addition, Singh’s analysis of the stress concentration effects of intermittent joints was adopted, based on two groups of intermittent joints and a set of cross-cutting joints in the jointed rock mass. The stress concentration effects caused by intermittent joints and the coupling effect of cross-cutting joints along the deflection-axis are also considered. The proposed anisotropic mechanics parameters method is applied to determine the deformation parameters of jointed granite at the Taishan Nuclear Power Station. Combined with the deterministic mechanical parameters of rock blocks and joints, the deformation parameters and their variability in jointed rock masses are estimated quantitatively. The computed results show that jointed granite at the Taishan Nuclear Power Station exhibits typical anisotropic mechanical characteristics; the elastic moduli in the two horizontal directions were similar, but the elastic modulus in the vertical direction was much greater. Jointed rock elastic moduli in the two horizontal and vertical directions were respectively about 24% and 37% of the core of rock, showing weakly orthotropic anisotropy; the ratio of elastic moduli in the vertical and horizontal directions was 1.53, clearly indicating the transversely isotropic rock mass mechanical characteristics. The method can be popularized to solve other rock mechanics problems in nuclear power engineering. 相似文献
11.
岩体工程质量是影响高放废物地质处置（HLW）工程长期稳定性和安全性的关键因素,也是处置库场址比选的重要依据。在地表岩体节理调查统计的基础上,采用RMR(relative metabolic rate)分级方案,探讨北山高放废物处置预选区内以花岗岩为主体围岩的岩体质量与岩体结构的对应特征,建立结构面间距D与RMR岩体质量总评分值之间的定量关系,对北山预选区芨芨槽地表岩体质量分布进行研究。研究结果表明,RMR与D值的点群分布具有扇形发散的正相关特征,随D值的增大,RMR亦呈增长趋势,但低级序岩体结构与岩体质量比高级序岩体表现出更好的对应关系。研究认为,选用RMR与D的点群中心线对应的线性方程评价花岗岩候选区的岩体质量可达到快速评价岩体质量、查明各级岩体空间分布特征的目的,同时也便于对不同候选场区进行大范围岩体质量对比。分析结果显示,北山芨芨槽预选地段BS16钻孔周边3 km2范围内主要以Ⅰ、Ⅱ级岩体为主,岩体质量总体较好且分布相对较为均匀。 相似文献
12.
以高放废物地质处置北山预选区新场岩体三个深钻孔的定压力压水试验为例,分别从压水阶段数据求解、压力恢复阶段数据求解和特殊试验段参数求解3个方面,对稳定流公式法和非稳定流参数拟合法进行了对比,得到了如下结论：非稳定流参数拟合法较稳定流公式法适用的渗流类型更多,使用数据量更大,结果更为可靠;在压水阶段和压力恢复阶段数据完整时,优先选择压力恢复阶段非稳定流参数拟合结果作为试验段的渗透系数.依据上述筛选原则,得到了新场岩体BS17～BS19三个深钻孔渗透系数的概率分布图,可初步判断新场岩体为低渗透性岩体,适宜于高放废物地质处置. 相似文献
13.
岩体节理几何特征定量描述是岩体力学性质和渗透性研究的基础,更是核废料处置库场址筛选和评价过程的主要内容。基于甘肃北山高放废物深地质处置库预选区BS17、BS18和BS19钻孔岩芯节理数量修正数据,针对节理间距建立了类负指数分布数学统计模型,进一步应用于RQD体系定量评价深部岩体完整性,通过与RID体系对比验证了概率模型的可靠性。指出节理数量-间距关系具有明显的分段线性特征,分维数随着间距增大而增大。确定了节理间距-数量关系符合尺度律,得出了数量与间距关系的多重分形特征。进一步分析了数量与埋深的多重分形特征,初步实现了岩芯节理的定量描述。验证了多重分形谱可以很好地统计分形维特征,尤其是节理几何形状及分布特征。该研究结果可为实现基于钻孔岩芯节理几何特征数据的深部岩体节理三维网格模拟提供参考。 相似文献
14.
花岗岩是中国高放废物处置的候选围岩,大量存在的节理面是核素迁移的主要通道,同时节理面对岩体的力学、水力性质起着支配作用。而节理面的表面形态与这些性质密切相关,因此需要对候选花岗岩体节理面展开多样本、大尺寸的现场表面形态研究。以中国高放废物深地质处置甘肃北山预选区某采石场中的天然节理面为研究对象,运用基于几何理论的测量方法,获得了大量不同尺度、不同方位的现场节理面的表面形态特征曲线。采用Barton直边法和统计参数法处理这些特征曲线,系统分析了特征曲线的尺度效应、各向异性特征以及与不同节理类型的关系。为进一步分析裂隙岩体的力学、水力特性建立了基础。 相似文献
15.
岩体结构均质区划分是结构面统计与建模的基础。实践中以主控要素作指标、以最优划法为依据,更易获客观真实划分结果。针对国内核废料处置库北山预选区岩体结构面,开展了测窗范围截取、取样偏差及块网变异修正前处理,编程实现了多种方法下的均质区划分,初步探究各法在北山的判别力、适用性、局限性。结果表明：针对北山预选区而言,关联系数法和Mahtab法适用性较弱,Miller法最强;而Miller法中又以“34格大面积块”的划分效果最佳。将此最优划法应用至北山芨芨槽块段,希望能给结构面网络建模及后续渗流计算提供有益参考。 相似文献
16.
为了准确模拟岩体节理的空间分布,评价高放废物地质处置库围岩的稳定性,先通过调查露头节理数据,运用概率统计理论进行节理几何特征模拟,再利用Monte-Carlo法来模拟节理空间分布特征,并以高放废物地质处置新疆预选区天湖地段花岗岩体为研究对象,通过钻孔电视调查不同深度节理几何特征,划分钻孔岩体结构均质区,提出钻孔节理产状、大小、密度的统计方法和计算公式,以均质区建立节理三维网络模型并通过数据对比法进行模型验证。结果表明：1）利用列联表卡方检验和重叠窗口法可将天湖钻孔岩体划分为0~90、120~240、270~360和390~600 m等4个均质区;2）利用SPSS软件以及基于节理直径、迹长和隙宽之间的数量关系得出节理产状服从正态分布,节理直径服从负指数分布;3）通过数据对比法得出模型统计和现场测量的节理平均产状数据相差±3°以内,平均直径相差±1 m以内,平均面密度相差±0.01 m-2以内,从而验证了Monte-Carlo法建立的节理三维网络模拟的准确性。 相似文献
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18.
为了探讨高放废物地质处置甘肃北山预选区旧井和新场预选地段的古地下流体来源、成因、化学演化历史以及水-岩相互作用,文章系统研究了该地段花岗岩填隙方解石的产出特征及其碳、氧、锶同位素的组成特征。测试结果表明,旧井和新场方解石的δ13 C组成均较稳定且为负值(分别为-11.6‰~-5.7‰和-9.9‰~-5.1‰);δ18 O分别为-0.7‰~19.7‰和10.9‰~21.9‰,旧井方解石具有更宽的δ18 O取值范围。87 Sr/86 Sr也略有差异,旧井为0.708584~0.718749,新场为0.708838~0.732967,二者随深度增加而呈明显的降低趋势。研究表明,北山预选区地下流体来源及成因较复杂,浅部地下水受大气降水的影响较大,深部流体则主要源于地下咸水,为低温流体蚀变成因。花岗岩裂隙中的水-岩反应强度总体较弱,地下水环境相对稳定。相比较而言,新场岩体深部的地球化学环境更稳定,更有利于高放废物的长期处置。 相似文献
19.
高放废物地质处置北山预选区芨芨槽岩块地质特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
芨芨槽岩块是高放废物地质处置北山预选区新场地段中有利候选岩块之一。以高精度卫片解译、野外踏勘、地表工程揭露和节理测量为主要手段,对此岩块的岩石、断裂、节理带和节理等地质特征进行了详细调查和研究。芨芨槽岩块的主岩岩石类型单一,为黑云母二长花岗岩;后期有煌斑岩脉和石英脉贯人。断裂以NE向为主,共7条;多数断裂分布于岩块东西两侧边界,而岩块内部只有2条断裂。节理带以NW向为主,长度大于1km的有8条。据统计,岩块中节理有4个优势组,各优势组的产状和间距分别服从正态和负指数分布,节理平均间距为1．2-1．6m。断裂对节理的影响范围小于100m。此项调查和研究为处置库选址、性能评价和设计提供了必要的基础资料。 相似文献
20.
温度与荷载共同作用下岩石力学行为和损伤特性的研究,对于深入认识高放废物处置库围岩在热-力耦合作用下的渐进破坏规律具有重要意义。以国内高放废物处置库预选区甘肃北山花岗岩为研究对象,通过开展不同热处理温度后的物理力学性质测试,并借助偏光显微和X射线衍射细微观分析手段,对其宏观变形、损伤演化以及破坏特征开展了研究。研究结果表明：随着热处理温度的升高,质量、密度、纵波波速和峰值强度总体呈下降的趋势,而体积和峰值应变则逐渐增大,1 000 ℃时不同围压下的峰值强度分别减小了77.70%、57.28%、37.33%及33.97%,峰值应变分别增加了196.37%、115.27%、105.13%及90.38%。在低温、低围压下三轴压缩过程中北山花岗岩的损伤发展迅速,破坏形式以张拉劈裂为主,且试样破坏后极为破碎,在破坏面附近存在多条贯通的轴向裂纹;随着温度和围压的增大,北山花岗岩的变形由脆性向塑性转变,破坏形式都是陡倾角的剪切破坏。 相似文献