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大庆航放测区可地浸砂岩型铀矿成矿条件分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
可地浸砂岩型铀矿是当今世界铀矿勘探的主攻方向，具有开采成本低、经济效益高的特点。本文运用航放资料结合地质、水文地质等资料较深入研究了大庆航放测区砂岩型铀矿的成矿条件，认为松辽盆地东北部具有十分有利的可地浸砂岩型铀矿成矿条件，铀矿成矿前景良好。海拉尔盆地也具有较好的砂岩型铀矿成矿条件，应予以关注。 相似文献
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中国北东部中新生代盆地地浸砂岩型铀矿成矿条件及找矿方向 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
中国北东部中新生代盆地是地浸砂岩型铀矿的主要勘查区.自1996年开始,为了寻找地浸砂岩型铀矿床,对这些盆地开展了1:500 000-1:200 000铀矿区域地质调查,投入了大量钻探工作量.运用可地浸砂岩型铀矿评价准则,对松辽盆地、海拉尔盆地的成矿地质条件进行分析,提出成矿的有利层位和远景区、段,为该区寻找地浸砂岩型铀矿床提供了科学依据. 相似文献
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迎接新世纪铀矿地质科研的新任务 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文章分析了即将到来的新世纪铀矿地质科研面临的新形势,提出其指导思想应为地质总局主攻可地浸砂岩型铀矿的总方针服务,其具体任务是：加强可地浸砂岩型铀矿的平价和靶区优选研究;开发可地浸砂岩到铀矿勘查的新技术和新方法;把成矿模式攻矿床模式发展为找矿模式;加强铀矿经济地质和铀资源动态评系统研究并建立中新生代盆地和砂岩型铀矿数据库。该工业北京地质研究院作为铀矿地质科研的排头兵,为保障新世纪铀矿地质科研任务的完 相似文献
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2000年9月17日-10月15日,作者参加地质总局组织的铀矿地质考察培训团对乌兹别克斯坦共和国地浸砂岩型铀矿进行了考察。着重对地浸砂岩型铀矿勘查各阶段工作方法,特别是储量计算(包括计算机处理)、地浸试验工艺、矿床经济技术评价(包括计算机程序)以及铀矿勘查管理工作等方面的学习。本文侧重介绍乌兹别克铀矿和铀矿地质企业,中卡兹库姆铀成矿省地浸砂岩型铀矿地质特征,典型矿床介绍、成矿规律概括等。通过这次考察培训,开阔了视野,增长了见识,增进了友谊、系统地学习和掌握了寻找地浸砂岩型铀矿的先进理论和技术方法,对我们目前所承担的地浸砂岩型铀矿区调项目工作很有帮助和启发。 相似文献
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长期以来,受地震勘探技术应用成本高的制约,该技术在地浸砂岩型铀矿勘探工作中一直未能得到大范围的推广应用。通过借鉴石油和煤炭勘探开发过程中地震勘探技术的应用经验,结合地浸砂岩型铀矿勘探开发特点,分析了地震勘探技术在地浸砂岩型铀矿勘探开发中的应用前景,并对其工作部署提出了建议。认为地震勘探技术不仅可以查明地层、岩性、构造、沉积相、泥-砂-泥结构、砂体厚度变化等与铀成矿相关的环境条件,而且可以实现对地浸砂岩型铀矿的直接预测,并为资源储量的估算提供依据。此外,在地浸矿山开发的设计和开采过程中地震勘探技术可以解决局部小构造的发育、地层的起伏变化、矿体的连续性以及地浸液的分布范围等问题,从而为砂岩型铀矿地浸开采中抽注钻孔的设计提供依据,为实现矿山的精准开发提供技术支撑,同时还可以为后续地浸矿山的退役治理提供必要依据。 相似文献
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Chris Yakymchuk Christopher L. Kirkland Chris Clark 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2018,36(6):715-737
The Th/U ratios of zircon crystals are routinely used to help understand their growth mechanism. Despite the wide application of Th/U ratios in understanding the geological significance of zircon U–Pb ages, the main controls on the Th/U ratio in metamorphic zircon are poorly understood. Here, phase equilibria modelling coupled with solubility expressions for accessory minerals are used to investigate the controls on the Th/U ratios of suprasolidus metamorphic zircon in an average amphibolite facies metapelite composition. We also present a new database of metamorphic Th/U ratios in zircon from Western Australia. Several factors affecting the Th/U ratio are investigated, including the bulk rock concentrations of Th and U, the amount of monazite in the system, and open v. closed system behaviour. Our modelling predicts that the main controls on the Th/U ratio of suprasolidus metamorphic zircon are the concentrations of Th and U in the system, and the breakdown and growth of monazite in equilibrium with zircon. Furthermore, the relative timing of zircon and monazite growth during cooling and melt crystallization has an important role in the Th/U ratio of zircon. Early grown zircon near the peak of metamorphism is expected to have elevated Th/U ratios whereas zircon that grew near the solidus is predicted to have relatively low Th/U ratios, which reflects the coeval growth of monazite during cooling and melt crystallization. Our modelling approach aims to provide an improved understanding of the main controls of Th/U in metamorphic zircon in migmatites and hence better apply this geochemical ratio as a tool to assist in interpretation of the genesis of metamorphic zircon. 相似文献
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The distribution of U has been studied in two metamorphic rock-series with a gradient of regional metamorphism. One series ranges from the lowest greenschist to amphibolite facies and the other one shows increasing metamorphic grade from amphibolite to granulite facies. Several medium and high pressure granulitic inclusions from alkali basalts were also analyzed. The abundances of U in the rocks do not appear to be affected by metamorphism below the granulite facies grade. Granulites are depleted in U in comparison with equivalent rocks of amphibolite facies grade. There are also differences in their U distribution, as the bulk of U in amphibolite facies rocks is located along the fractures and cleavage planes of ferro-magnesian minerals and in U-rich accessories, while in granulites, most of the U resides in accessory minerals. It seems that the depletion of U in granulites is due to a loss of U which is not located in accessory minerals or in the crystal structure of rock-forming minerals and may also be related to a migration of hydrous fluids, perhaps during dehydration. 相似文献
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在邵庄— 双庙水源地勘察评价过程中,应用U同位素场分析得到如下认识: ( 1)本区不同类型水体的U同位素具有不同的组成特征,主要表现为大气降水、山区岩溶水的U含量、I ( 234U) /I ( 238U)比值及Iex (234 U) 均较低;第四系孔隙水U含量和I ex ( 234U ) 均较高,但I (234 U) /I (238 U) 比值较低;隐伏岩溶水的U含量较低,介于孔隙水与大气降水之间,而I (234 U) /I (238 U) 比值与I ex (234U) 均较高; 地表水的U含量较高,但I (234 U) /I (238U) 比值低, Ie x (234U) 也较低; ( 2)蜀山背斜岩溶水系统具有大气降水、第四系孔隙水和深层岩溶水三源补给特征; ( 3)蜀山背斜岩溶水系统与双庙地垒岩溶水系统基本不存在水力联系,且二者补给条件也不同,蜀山背斜岩溶水系统与第四系孔隙水联系密切,接受上层孔隙水越流补给,径流条件好;双庙地垒岩溶水系统相对较封闭,与第四系孔隙水联系较弱,主要靠兖西奥灰水源地侧向径流补给,且径流条件相对较差。 相似文献
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Uranium in spinel peridotite inclusions in basalts from Sardinia 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The uranium distribution in spinel peridotite inclusions and their host basalt from Sardinia, Italy, was determined by fission-track mapping. Whole-rock U concentrations range from 14 to 55 ppb. Although the partitioning of U among major silicate phases of the inclusions — olivine, orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene — remains roughly constant, the U content in the minerals is highly variable, e.g. ranging from 27 ppb to 177 ppb in clinopyroxene. The U variation in the minerals shows no apparent correlation with their major element chemistry. Liquid which equilibrated with the assemblages of inclusions with high U content, had U concentrations higher than those found in basaltic rocks. It is suggested that the inclusions were contaminated with a phase strongly enriched in U and subsequently recrystallized. The available data show that spinel peridotite inclusions of basaltic rocks frequently have complex multistage evolution and thus cannot provide a representative picture of the upper mantle radioactivity. 相似文献
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Uranium geochemistry has been investigated in three acid lakes located on the Canadian Shield and one circumneutral lake in the Appalachian Region of Eastern Canada. In all Shield lakes, dissolved U concentrations were higher in the porewater than in the overlying water. In one of them, whose hypolimnion is perennially oxic, U released to porewater at depths of Fe remobilization was removed from the porewater at depths of Fe oxyhydroxides precipitation; these similarities in the U and Fe profiles indicate that part of the U becomes associated to Fe oxyhydroxides. The dissolved U and Fe profiles in the other two Shield lakes, whose hypolimnions were anoxic when sampled, did not show any significant recycling of these elements in the vicinity of the sediment-water interface and both elements diffused from the sediment to the overlying water. In contrast, in the Appalachian Lake, dissolved U concentrations were higher in the overlying water than in porewater, strongly decreased at the vicinity of the sediment-water interface and then remained relatively constant with sediment depth. Diagenetic modeling of the porewater U profiles, assuming steady-state, reveals that authigenic U always represented ?3% of the total U concentration in the sediments of all lakes. This observation indicates that diagenetic reactions involving U are not quantitatively important and that most of the U was delivered to the sediments at our study sites as particulate U and not through diffusion across the sediment-water interface, as is seen in continental margin sediments. Comparison of the U:Corg and U:Fe molar ratios in diagenetic material collected across the sediment-water interface with Teflon sheets and in surface sediments (0-0.5 cm) of the lake having a perennially oxic hypolimnion suggest that solid phase U was mainly bound to organic matter originating from the watershed; a strong statistical correlation between sediment non-lithogenic U and Corg in the Appalachian Lake supports this contention. Thermodynamic calculations of saturation states suggest that dissolved U was not removed from porewater through precipitation of UO2(s), U3O7(s) and U3O8(s) as previously proposed in the literature. 相似文献
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Drew E. Latta Maxim I. Boyanov Kenneth M. Kemner Edward J. O’Loughlin Michelle M. Scherer 《Applied Geochemistry》2012
Structural Fe(II) has been shown to reduce several oxidized environmental contaminants, including NO3, chlorinated solvents, Cr(VI), and U(VI). Studies investigating reduction of U(VI) by soils and sediments, however, suggest that abiotic reduction of U(VI) by Fe(II) is not significant, and that direct enzymatic reduction of U(VI) by metal-reducing bacteria is required for U(VI) immobilization as U(IV). Here evidence is presented for abiotic reduction and immobilization of U(VI) by structural Fe(II) in a redoximorphic soil collected from a hillside spring in Iowa. Oxidation of Fe(II) in the soil after reaction with U(VI) was demonstrated by Mössbauer spectroscopy and reduction of U(VI) by the pasteurized soil using U LIII-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). XAS indicates that both reduced U(IV) and oxidized U(VI) or U(V) are present after U(VI) interaction with the Fe(II) containing soil. The EXAFS data show the presence of a non-uraninite U(IV) phase and evidence of the oxidized U(V) or U(VI) fraction being present as a non-uranyl species. Little U(VI) reduction is observed by soil that has been exposed to air and oxidation of Fe(II) to goethite has occurred. Soil characterization based on chemical extractions, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and Fe K-edge XAS indicate that the majority of Fe(II) in the soil is structural in nature, existing in clay minerals and possibly a green rust-like phase. These data provide compelling evidence for abiotic reduction of U(VI) by structural Fe(II) from soil near Fe-rich oxic–anoxic boundaries in natural environments. The work highlights the potential for abiotic reduction of U(VI) by Fe(II) in reduced, Fe-rich environments. 相似文献
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Roy F. Spalding A.Douglas Druliner Lowell S. Whiteside Arthur W. Struempler 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1984,48(12):2679-2692
Dissolved U concentrations and activity ratios (ARs) of the U isotopes in the 238U decay series were measured in ground and surface waters as part of an investigation to delineate the water quality in a proposed uranium mining area of northwest Nebraska. In oxidizing groundwaters from 67 wells completed in the Tertiary sediments, increasing U concentrations in the direction of groundwater flow generally were associated with a maturation of the formation water as evidenced by evolutionary trends in major ion character. The increased U levels probably are associated with leaching as shown by the positive correlation between U concentrations and total dissolved solids (TDS) (r = +0.83). The inverse relationships between TDS and U ARs (r = ?0.73) and U levels and ARs (r = 0.72) indicate that the decay of excess U-234 is related to maturation of the formation water and to sediment leaching along the flowpath. The data are described by a model which incorporates etching, decay and recoil and suggests that aquifer residence time can be estimated from the TDS level.The levels of soluble U in a reducing uraniferous hydrogeologic unit near Crawford, Nebraska are affected by the proximity of the sample collection to ore. In groundwater samples having similar chemistries (Na-SO4 + Cl type), similar Ehs, and collected from a close-knit pattern, U concentrations ranged from 0.01 to 2,037 μg l?1 and ARs ranged from 0.75 to 12.6. This high variability in U levels and ARs is indicative of uranium ore in small areal studies where low ARs almost always are associated with high U concentrations. 相似文献
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Abundances of U and Th have been determined in 21 kimberlites from India by delayed fission neutron technique. Whole-rock U ranges from 1.87 to 3.93 ppm but Th shows wider variation from 14.02 to 60.44 ppm. Average Th/U ratios in three main diatremes are 7.9, 8.8 and 10.0. The interrelationships between U, Th and K are variable and complex. A positive correlation exists between P2O5 and U and Th. Model calculations suggest that enrichment of U involved considerable mantle reaction during ascent. 相似文献
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The uranium (U) content and 234U/238U activity ratio were determined for water samples collected from Korea's Han River in spring, summer, and winter 2006 to provide data that might constrain the origin of U isotope fractionation in river water and the link between U isotope systematics in river waters and the lithological nature of the corresponding bedrock. The large difference in the major dissolved loads between the two major branches of the Han River, the North Han River (NHR) and South Han River (SHR), is reflected in the contrasting U content and 234U/238U activity ratio between the tributaries: low U content (0.08–0.75 nM; average, 0.34 nM) and small 234U/238U activity ratio (1.03–1.22; average, 1.09) in the NHR; and high U content (0.65–1.98 nM; average, 1.44 nM) and large 234U/238U activity ratio (1.05–1.45; average, 1.24) in the SHR. The large spatial differences in U content and 234U/238U activity ratio are closely related to both lithological differences between the two tributaries and groundwater input. The low U content and small 234U/238U activity ratio in the NHR arise mainly from a combination of surface and meteoric weathering of the dominant silicate rocks in this branch and congruent dissolution of already weathered (secular equilibrium) materials. In contrast, the high U content and large 234U/238U activity ratio in the SHR are ascribed to the dissolution of carbonates and black shales along with significant inputs of deep groundwater. 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2003,18(6):823-843
The unmined Coles Hill U deposit of south central Virginia represents a natural setting where U is stabilized by phosphate mineral precipitation in an oxidizing bedrock aquifer. Drill cores from the shallow portion of the deposit preserve a sharp Fe redox front defined by Fe(III) oxide staining. This front is located near a discontinuity in U mineralogy with U(IV) assemblages (e.g. coffinite, uraninite) on the reducing side, and U(VI) assemblages on the oxidizing side. The discontinuity in U mineralogy does not, however, represent a major discontinuity in whole rock U concentrations, with sample groups from both oxidized and reduced sides of the front generally ranging from 500 to 1000 ppm. This observation suggests that the volume of shallow bedrock associated with the deposit has not lost significant amounts of U during the oxidation and incipient chemical weathering. The precipitation of Ba uranyl phosphate (Ba meta-autunite) is responsible for U retention within this zone. Ground waters sampled from the weathered bedrock aquifer associated with the deposit contain less than 15 μg l−1 dissolved U. This suggests that the low solubility of the Ba meta-autunite limits U concentrations to values lower than the US-EPA maximum contaminant level of 30 μg l−1. Ground water speciation and mineral saturation calculations show that, in addition to Eh and pH, the most important factor controlling this U fixation process is the activity ratio of dissolved phosphate to dissolved carbonate. Experimental results suggest that, at the Coles Hill site, the oxidation of U(IV) to U(VI) and subsequent precipitation of uranyl phosphate occurs rapidly (time scale of weeks) relative to ground water transport (e.g. 20 m/a). Furthermore, based on the rate of downward migration of the redox front, it is estimated that the oldest U(VI) phosphate assemblages associated with the Coles Hill U deposit have been stable for up to 150 ka. These observations have important implications for the design and long term performance assessment of phosphate-based stabilization and reactive barrier techniques. 相似文献