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1.
The Arctida Craton and Neoproterozoic-Mesozoic orogenic belts of the Circum-Polar region 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
An attempt is made to characterize an assembly of Arctic tectonic units formed before the opening of the Arctic Ocean. This
assembly comprises the epi-Grenville Arctida Craton (a fragment of Rodinia) and the marginal parts of the Precambrian Laurentia,
Baltica, and Siberian cratons. The cratons are amalgamated by orogenic belts (trails of formerly closed oceans). These are
the Late Neoproterozoic belts (Baikalides), Middle Paleozoic belts (Caledonides), Permo-Triassic belts (Hercynides), and Early
Cretaceous belts (Late Kimmerides). Arctida encompasses an area from the Svalbard Archipelago in the west to North Alaska
in the east. The Svalbard, Barents, Kara, and other cratons are often considered independent Precambrian minicratons, but
actually they are constituents of Arctida subsequently broken down into several blocks. The Neoproterozoic orogenic belt extends
as a discontinuous tract from the Barents-Ural-Novaya Zemlya region via the Taimyr Peninsula and shelf of the East Siberian
Sea to North Alaska as an arcuate framework of Arctida, which separates it from the Baltica and Siberian cratons. The Caledonian
orogenic belt consisting of the Scandian and Ellesmerian segments frames Arctida on the opposite side, separating it from
the Laurentian Craton. The opposite position of the Baikalian and Caledonian orogenic belts in the Arctida framework makes
it possible to judge about the time when the boundaries of this craton formed as a result of its detachment from Rodinia.
The Hercynian orogenic belt in the Arctic Region comprises the Novozemel’sky (Novaya Zemlya) and Taimyr segments, which initially
were an ending of the Ural Hercynides subsequenly separated by a strike-slip fault. The Mid-Cretaceous (Late Kimmerian) orogenic
belt as an offset of Pacific is divergent. It was formed under the effect of the opened Canada Basin and accretion and collision
at the Pacific margins. The undertaken typification of pre-Late Mesozoic tectonic units, for the time being debatable in some
aspects, allows reconstruction of the oceanic basins that predated the formation of the Arctic Ocean. 相似文献
2.
During geodynamic reconstruction of the Late Mezozoic-Cenozoic evolution of the Arctic Ocean, a problem arises: did this ocean originate as a legacy structure of ancient basins, or did it evolve independently? Solution of this problem requires finding indicators of older oceanic basins within the limits of the Arctic Region. The Arctic Region has structural-material complexes of several ancient oceans, namely, Mesoproterozoic, Late Neoproterozoic, Paleozoic (Caledonian and Hercynian), Middle Paleozoic-Late Jurassic, and those of the Arctic Ocean, including the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Canadian, the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene Podvodnikov-Makarov, and the Cenozoic Eurasian basins. The appearances of all these oceans were determined by a complex of global geodynamical factors, which were principally changed in time, and, as a result of this, location and configuration of newly opened oceans, as well as ones of adjacent continents, which varied from stage to stage. By the end of the Paleozoic, fragments of the crust corresponding to Precambrian and Caledonian oceans were transported during plate-tectonic motions from southern and near equatorial latitudes to moderately high and arctic ones, and, finally, became parts of the Pangea II supercontinent. The Arctic Ocean that appeared after the Pangea II breakup (being a part of the Atlantic Ocean) has no direct either genetic or spatial relation with more ancient oceans. 相似文献
3.
V.A. Vernikovsky N.L. Dobretsov D.V. Metelkin N.Yu. Matushkin I.Yu. Koulakov 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2013,54(8):838-858
The particularities of the current tectonic structure of the Russian part of the Arctic region are discussed with the division into the Barents–Kara and Laptev–Chukchi continental margins. We demonstrate new geological data for the key structures of the Arctic, which are analyzed with consideration of new geophysical data (gravitational and magnetic), including first seismic tomography models for the Arctic. Special attention is given to the New Siberian Islands block, which includes the De Long Islands, where field work took place in 2011. Based on the analysis of the tectonic structure of key units, of new geological and geophysical information and our paleomagnetic data for these units, we considered a series of paleogeodynamic reconstructions for the arctic structures from Late Precambrian to Late Paleozoic. This paper develops the ideas of L.P. Zonenshain and L.M. Natapov on the Precambrian Arctida paleocontinent. We consider its evolution during the Late Precambrian and the entire Paleozoic and conclude that the blocks that parted in the Late Precambrian (Svalbard, Kara, New Siberian, etc.) formed a Late Paleozoic subcontinent, Arctida II, which again “sutured” the continental masses of Laurentia, Siberia, and Baltica, this time, within Pangea. 相似文献
4.
I.Yu. Koulakov C. Gaina N.L. Dobretsov A.N. Vasilevsky N.A. Bushenkova 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2013,54(8):859-873
Based on the analysis of various geophysical data, namely, free-air gravity anomalies, magnetic anomalies, upper mantle seismic tomography images, and topography/bathymetry maps, we single out the major structural elements in the Circum Arctic and present the reconstruction of their locations during the past 200 million years. The configuration of the magnetic field patterns allows revealing an isometric block, which covers the Alpha–Mendeleev Ridges and surrounding areas. This block of presumably continental origin is the remnant part of the Arctida Plate, which was the major tectonic element in the Arctic region in Mesozoic time. We believe that the subduction along the Anyui suture in the time period from 200 to 120 Ma caused rotation of the Arctida Plate, which, in turn, led to the simultaneous closure of the South Anyui Ocean and opening of the Canadian Basin. The rotation of this plate is responsible for extension processes in West Siberia and the northward displacement of Novaya Zemlya relative to the Urals–Taimyr orogenic belt. The cratonic-type North American, Greenland, and European Plates were united before 130 Ma. At the later stages, first Greenland was detached from North America, which resulted in the Baffin Sea, and then Greenland was separated from the European Plate, which led to the opening of the northern segment of the Atlantic Ocean. The Cenozoic stage of opening of the Eurasian Basin and North Atlantic Ocean is unambiguously reconstructed based on linear magnetic anomalies. The counter-clockwise rotation of North America by an angle of ~ 15° with respect to Eurasia and the right lateral displacement to 200–250 km ensure an almost perfect fit of the contours of the deep water basin in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. 相似文献
5.
Various stages of the development of sedimentary basins along the ancient margins of the North American and South American
plates are considered. It is shown that the potential of the oil-and-gas bearing is related to a certain stage of evolution
of the basins. For the margins of the North American plate, it is the first stage of development in the structure of the ancient
Paleozoic continental margins that developed under passive tectonic conditions. For the basins along the ancient margins of
the South American plate, it is the second stage, which is the stage of the formation and development of foredeeps overlaid
on the earlier structures. An interesting regularity is displayed: than younger the folding-mountain structures that originated
in the distal parts of the continental margins, than greater the age range of source rocks in the sedimentary basins preserved
there. 相似文献
6.
The Siberian–Icelandic hotspot track is the only preserved continental hotspot track. Although the track and its associated age progression between 160 Ma and 60 Ma are not yet well understood, this section of the track is closely linked to the tectonic evolution of Amerasian Basin, the Alpha-Mendeleev Ridge and Baffin Bay. Using paleomagnetic data, volcanic structures and marine geophysical data, the paleogeography of Arctic plates (Eurasian plate, North American Plate, Greenland Plate and Alaska Microplate) was reconstructed and the Siberian–Icelandic hotspot track was interlinked between 160 Ma and 60 Ma. Our results suggested that the Alpha-Mendeleev Ridge could be a part of the hotspot track that formed between 160 Ma and 120 Ma. During this period, the hotspot controlled the tectonic evolution of Baffin Bay and the distribution of mafic rock in Greenland. Throughout the Mesozoic Era, the aforementioned Arctic plates experienced clockwise rotation and migrated northeast towards the North Pacific. The vertical influence from the ancient Icelandic mantle plume broke this balance, slowing down some plates and resulting in the opening of several ocean basins. This process controlled the tectonic evolution of the Arctic. 相似文献
7.
The Vendian (Baikalian), Late Devonian (Ellesmerian), and Mid-Cretaceous (Brookian) orogenies were three cardinal events in the history of formation and transformation of the continental crust in the eastern Arctic region. The epi-Baikalian Hyperborean Craton was formed by the end of the Vendian (660–550 Ma), when the Archean-Proterozoic Hyperborean continental block was built up by the Baikalian orogenic belt and concomitant collision granitoids. As judged from the localization of deepwater facies, the Early Paleozoic ocean occupied the western part of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, western Alaska, and the southern framework of the Canada and Podvodnikov basins and was connected with the Iapetus ocean. The closure of the Early Paleozoic Arctic basins is recorded in two surfaces of structural unconformities corresponding to the pre-Middle Devonian Scandian orogenic phase and the Late Devonian Ellesmerian Orogeny; each tectonic phase was accompanied by dislocations and metamorphism. The Ellesmerian collision was crucial in the Caledonian tectogenesis. The widespread Late Devonian-Mississippian rifting probably was a reflection of postorogenic relaxation. As a result, the vast epi-Caledonian continental plate named Euramerica, or Laurussia, was formed at the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary. The East Arctic segment of this plate is considered in this paper. In the Devonian, the Angayucham ocean, which was connected with the Paleoasian and Uralian oceans [62], separated this plate from the Siberian continent. The South Anyui Basin most likely was a part of this Paleozoic oceanic space. The shelf sedimentation on the epi-Caledonian plate in the Carboniferous and Permian was followed by subsidence and initial rifting in the Triassic and Jurassic, which further gave way to the late Neocomian-early Albian spreading in the Canada Basin that detached the Chukchi Peninsula-Alaska microplate from the continental plate [25]. The collision of this microplate with the Siberian continent led to the closure of the South Anyui-Angayucham ocean and the development of the Mid-Cretaceous New Siberian-Chukchi-Brooks Orogenic System that comprised the back Chukchi Zone as a hinterland and the frontal New Siberian-Wrangel-Herald-Lisburne-Brooks Thrust Zone as a foreland; the basins coeval with thrusting adjoined the foreland. Collision started in the Late Jurassic; however, the peak of the orogenic stage fell on the interval 125–112 Ma, when ophiolites had been obducted on the margin of the Chukchi Peninsula-Alaska microplate along with folding and thrusting accompanied by an increase in the crust’s thickness, amphibolite-facies metamorphism, and growth of granite-gneiss domes. The magmatic diapir of the De Long Arch that grew within the continental plate in the Mid-Cretaceous reflected a global pulse of the lower mantle upwelling that coincided with the maximum opening of the Canada Basin. The present-day appearance of the eastern Arctic region arose in the Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic owing to the opening of the Amerasia and Eurasia oceans. Sedimentary basins of various ages and origins—including the Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous grabens, the spatially coinciding Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous rifts related to the opening of the Canada Basin, the syncollision basins in front of the growing orogen, and the Cretaceous-Cenozoic basins coeval with strike-slip faulting and rifting at the final stages of orogenic compression and during the opening of the Eurasia ocean were telescoped on sea shelves. 相似文献
8.
The integration of information obtained from onshore and offshore geological and geophysical research undertaken in the context
of the International Polar Year has led to the following results. The continental crust is widespread in the Arctic not only
beneath the shelves of polar seas in the framework of the Amerasia Basin but also in the Chukchi-Northwind, Lomonosov, and
Mendeleev ridges; a combination of continental and oceanic crusts is inferred in the Alpha Ridge. The Amerasia Basin is not
an indivisible element of the Arctic Ocean either in genetic or structural terms but consists of variously oriented basins
different in age. The first, Mesozoic “minor ocean” of the Arctic Ocean—the Canada Basin—arose as a result of impact of the
Arctic plume on the high-latitude region of Pangea. This inference is supported by the vast Central Arctic igneous province
that comprises the Jurassic-Mid-Cretaceous within-plate and ocean-island basaltic and associated rocks. The rotational mechanism
of opening of this basin is explained by the slant path of the plume head motion, which resulted in breaking-off and displacement
of a fragment of Pangea. The effect of the Arctic plume was expressed during all stages of the opening of the Canada Basin
and exerted effects on the adjacent part of the Eurasian continent during the formation of the Verkhoyansk-Chukotka tectonic
domain. The Canada Basin was an element of the segmented system of Atlantic spreading ridges, while the Arctic plume that
initiated its evolution was genetically related to the episodically acting African-Atlantic superplume. In comparison with
the Pacific superplume, the low productivity of African-Atlantic lower mantle upwelling became the cause of slow and ultraslow
spreading in the Atlantic and Arctic oceans and determined the passive character of their margins, including the Canada Basin. 相似文献
9.
A. I. Konyukhov 《Lithology and Mineral Resources》2010,45(2):136-153
Most recent oil-and-gas-bearing (petroliferous) basins are members of one of the five oil-and-gas accumulation belts confined
to the Mesozoic and Cenozoic continent/ocean transition zones. The Laurasian belt includes continental margins in the northern
Atlantic and Arctic oceans that accommodate several large petroliferous basins. 相似文献
10.
《China Geology》2020,3(1):104-112
Gold, iron, copper, lead-zinc and other mineral exploration in West Tianshan, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, has made remarkable progress in recent years. However, due to the dispute on the tectonic division of West Tianshan, the ore-controlling factors and the regional metallogenic laws are controversial. The authors analyze regional gravity data and notice that the high-value region corresponds to the Yili ancient continent, thus the southeastern boundary of the Yili ancient continent is delineated. Comparative analysis of gravity, aeromagnetic and geologic data reveals that the Tulasu basin, where some medium to large epithermal gold deposits locate, lies above the Yili ancient continent; the Yili Carboniferous-Permian rift extends in E-W direction, numbers of copper deposits have been found in the mid-west section of the rift which lies above the Yili ancient continent, whereas few copper deposits have been discovered in the east section which is outside the Yili ancient continent. Accordingly, the Yili ancient continent may he rich in gold, copper and other metal elements; the metal-bearing hydrothermal solution moves up with the activity of magmatism, and deposits in the favorable places (the Tulasu basin and the Yili Carboniferous-Permian rift), forming numerous small and medium gold, copper deposits, as well as some large and super-large gold deposits. Therefore, the tectonic-magmatic hydrothermal zone above the Yili ancient continent should be the prospective area for epithermal gold and copper polymetallic deposits. 相似文献
11.
12.
北美东部被动大陆边缘是世界上最古老的完整被动大陆边缘之一,是研究被动大陆边缘发育演化的天然实验室。本文在大量国外研究成果的基础上,应用盆地构造解析方法,深入研究了北美东部被动大陆边缘盆地群的地质结构和构造演化特征,并揭示了盆地群的油气地质规律。研究认为,北美东部盆地群沉积充填和不整合面发育具有明显的分段性和差异性。以区域不整合面为界,不同段盆地可划分为不同的构造层:南段盆地可划分为两套构造层;中段南部盆地可划分为3套构造层;中段北部盆地可划分为4套构造层;而北段盆地可划分为5套构造层。盆地群整体经历了陆内裂谷—陆间裂谷—被动大陆边缘的演化过程,但不同段盆地的构造演化具有明显的分段性和迁移性:晚三叠世沉降中心位于南段盆地;早侏罗世初期迁移至中段盆地,南段大陆开始裂解;中侏罗世逐渐迁移至北段盆地,中段大陆开始裂解;早白垩世晚期,北段大陆开始裂解。受持续的抬升剥蚀及大西洋岩浆活动省的联合作用,南段盆地和中段大多数盆地缺乏油气保存条件;斯科舍盆地和大浅滩盆地是主要的含油气盆地,以上侏罗统烃源岩为主,主要发育断层—背斜圈闭和盐体刺穿圈闭,整体表现为“自生自储”和“下生上储”的特征。 相似文献
13.
甘肃内蒙古北山地区古生代地壳演化 总被引：56，自引：6，他引：56
甘肃、内蒙古北山地区从寒武纪初期在前震旦纪统一古陆壳的基础上发生裂解，到石炭纪末洋盆最终闭合形成新的统一大陆，先后经历了两期板块构造体制和两次主要的俯冲-碰撞造山作用.其中，第一期板块构造体制出现在早古生代（O2-S3），沿红柳河-牛圈子-洗肠井一带裂解形成洋盆，晚奥陶世-志留纪发生由南向北俯冲，志留纪末大洋封闭;第二期板块构造体制出现在晚古生代中期（C），随着早石炭世初期红石山-百合山-蓬勃山有限大洋的发育，分割了哈萨克斯坦板块和塔里木板块，石炭纪末结束了板块构造格局，形成了新的统一大陆，自此以后北山地区进入陆内演化.石炭-二叠纪北山地区南部还出现了陆内裂谷、裂陷槽及断陷盆地等一系列扩张机制。 相似文献
14.
Volcanism and Tectonic Evolution in the North Qilian Mountains during Ordovician Period 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Lai Shaocong Department of Geology Northwest University Xi ’an Deng Jinfu Zhao Hailing Department of Geology China University of Geosciences Beijing 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》1998,9(1)
ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅＯｒｄｏｖｉｃｉａｎｍａｒｉｎｅｖｏｌｃａｎｉｃｒｏｃｋｓｉｎｔｈｅｎｏｒｔｈＱｉｌｉａｎｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｒｅｐｅａｔｅｄｌｙｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｄｆｏｒａｌｏｎｇｔｉｍｅａｎｄｂｅｅｎｃｏｎ－ｓｉｄｅｒｅｄａｄｉｓｔｉｎｃ... 相似文献
15.
The pre-orogenic morphology of the west Sicilian Mesozoic continental margin was characterised by platforms and basins elongated more or less parallel to the ancient junction between ocean and continent. The deformation of this continental margin during the Miocene gave rise to a number of thrust sheets which were transported southwards where they rest against the stable Iblean plateau. Eight thrust sheets have been sampled for palaeomagnetism in order to establish the amount of rotation, relative to Iblei, which occurred during emplacement. Clockwise rotations of large magnitude appear to have taken place, and these rotations are considered to be related to the emplacement of the Calabrian—Peloritani structure onto this continental margin. 相似文献
16.
由于东亚古大陆具有非常复杂的大地构造格架和地质演化历史,板块构造学说在本地区的应用面临很大挑战。王鸿祯教授提出了大地构造域(tectonic domain)的概念作为大陆内部的一级大地构造单元,同时提出了岩石圈对接消减带(convergent lithosphere consumption zones)的概念作为大地构造域的边界。王鸿祯、李思田等基于上述概念编制了新一代的大地构造和主要含油气盆地分布图,其成果揭示了中国中西部主要大型叠合盆地(塔里木,四川,鄂尔多斯等)均分布于具有稳定前寒武纪基底的大地构造域中心部位,稳定的地质条件为大规模油气聚集提供了重要条件。多阶段的构造运动对应于构造域间的相互作用过程,并控制了盆地演化历史。 相似文献
17.
A. I. Konyukhov 《Lithology and Mineral Resources》2009,44(6):513-530
Most of recent oil- and gas-bearing basins are incorporated in the group of five belts of oil-and-gas accumulation. They are
confined to continent/ocean transition zones, which existed in the Cenozoic. Three belts (Tethyan, Gondwanan, and Laurasian)
are latitudinal structures that include continental margins in the Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic oceans. The other two belts
are elongated in the N-S direction and located in the western and eastern peripheral parts of the Pacific Ocean. Taken together,
they unite basins with 75 to 80% of oil reserves discovered to date in our planet. 相似文献
18.
19.
L. A. Daragan-Sushchova O. V. Petrov N. N. Sobolev Yu. I. Daragan-Sushchov L. R. Grin’ko N. A. Petrovskaya 《Geotectonics》2015,49(6):469-484
The structure of the sedimentary cover and acoustic basement in the northeastern Russian Arctic region is analyzed. Beneath the western continuation of the North Chukchi trough and Vil’kitskii trough, a Late Caledonian (Ellesmere) folded and metamorphozed basement is discovered. It is supposed that Caledonides continue further into the Podvodnikov Basin until the Geofizikov branch. A large magnetic anomaly in the Central Arctic zone has been verified by seismostratigraphic data: the acoustic basement beneath the Mendeleev (and partially Alpha) Ridge is overlain by trapps. Wave field analysis showed that the acoustic basement of the Lomonosov Ridge has folded structure, whereas beneath the Mendeleev Ridge, the sporadic presence of a weakly folded stratum of Paleozoic platform deposits is interpreted. It is supposed that the Caledonian and Late Cimmerian fold belts in the periphery of the Arctida paleocontinent appeared as a result of collision between arctic continental masses and southern ones. After Miocene extension and block displacements identified from appearance of horsts, grabens, and transverse rises both on the shelf and in the ocean, a general subsidence took place and the present-day shelf, slope, and the deepwater part of the Arctic Ocean formed. 相似文献
20.
Åke Johansson David G. Gee Alexander N. Larionov Yoshihide Ohta Alexander M. Tebenkov 《地学学报》2005,17(4):317-325
Svalbard is located in the north-west corner of the Barents Sea shelf and the Eurasian Plate, in a key area for interpreting Caledonian and older orogens in the Arctic region. Recent U–Pb dating in the Nordaustlandet Terrane of eastern Svalbard shows this terrane to consist of a Grenville-age basement, overlain by Neoproterozoic to early Palaeozoic platformal sediments, and intruded by Caledonian anatectic granites. Deformation, metamorphism and crustal anatectic magmatism occurred both during the Grenvillian (960–940 Ma) and Caledonian (450–410 Ma) orogenies. This evolution shows great similarities with that of eastern Greenland. In the classical model, eastern Svalbard is placed outboard of central east Greenland in pre-Caledonian time. Alternatively, it may have been located north-east of Greenland and transferred west and rotated anticlockwise during Caledonian continent–continent collision. In the Neoproterozoic, easternmost Svalbard may have been part of a wider area of Grenville-age crust, now fragmented and dispersed around the Arctic. 相似文献