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中、低空机载成像光谱图像的几何校正研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文针对我国上海技术物理所研制的OMIS机载128道成像光谱系统试飞所获取的图像、定位和飞行姿态等数据，进行了图像几何修正处理和衫软件开发研究。详细分析了该系统所获取的定位与飞行姿态数据及存在的问题，并制定了相应的处理方案。根据该系统提供的各种参数，建立了航空高光谱图像单因素几何校正模型和几何畸变综合校正方法。对该系统在辽东湾地区试验飞行获取的10条航带图像进行几何校正和多航带镶嵌处理，效果理想。 相似文献
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高光谱热红外遥感技术在地质找矿中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
高光谱热红外遥感技术用于地质找矿,目前国内外都在探索,由于热红外发射光谱的混合为线性混合,利用线性解混技术可以对硅酸盐类矿物,如石英进行识别和提取。这是其优于可见光—近红外和短波红外之处。大多数金属矿床与石英脉—硅化带的关系密切。另外,石英脉与硅化带的控矿作用又有差异。因此,利用高光谱遥感技术提取石英脉—硅化带,并将二者区分开来,对于金属矿的找矿具有极其重要的意义。航空高光谱热红外遥感技术由于可以获取高空间分辨率(亚米级)的高光谱热红外数据,可以进行热红外矿物精细填图,提取规模小的石英脉或硅化带,从而更具地质找矿价值。本文利用核工业北京地质研究院遥感信息与图像分析技术国家级重点实验室的航空热红外成像系统(TASI),在甘肃北山柳园—方山口和新疆雪米斯坦地区获取了高空间分辨率的高光谱热红外遥感数据,从开展实用化热红外大气校正与光谱重建技术入手,探索了石英脉—硅化带提取与区分,解决了地质找矿中石英脉—硅化带的提取与区分这一具普遍性的关键技术难题,并通过示范应用,取得了明显的找矿效果。 相似文献
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介绍北京一号小卫星数据的特点及应用情况,分析了卫星图像镶嵌处理技术流程,对其中的技术难点,如去条带处理、几何校正、图像拼接及色彩平衡等进行了重点探讨并提出解决办法。利用北京一号小卫星数据将两幅多光谱影像进行了镶嵌处理,得到了一幅覆盖整个研究区的新影像,镶嵌影像色彩丰富、层次感好、信息量大。 相似文献
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EO-1Hyperion高光谱数据FLAASH模块大气纠正 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
EO-1Hyperion高光谱遥感影像在实际应用中,需对图像进行大气纠正及补偿等预处理,以便获得较好质量的图像,为进一步分析和应用提供保障.笔者运用FLAASH大气校正模型对中国云南香格里拉地区的Hyperion卫星影像进行大气校正,利用图像MNF转换法对光谱曲线进行去噪平滑优化,再对校正前后影像进行遥感影像和典型地物光谱曲线对比分析.结果表明,影像经FLAASH大气校正和MNF平滑后,较好地消除了大气影响和Hyperion高光谱遥感图像的光谱噪声. 相似文献
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航空高光谱遥感在岩石矿物精细识别和填图方面具有显著优势和应用前景。大气校正是实现航空高光谱影像中矿物反射光谱重建的关键技术,现有的大气校正模型方法需进一步评价和开发,以适应地质矿产勘查领域中的实用化需求。文章以内蒙古巴丹吉林盆地东部的本巴图铀资源勘查远景区为试验区,基于4种经典大气校正模型开发了航空高光谱数据大气校正批处理软件,对试验区SASI航空高光谱影像开展大气校正不同方法的试验评价。以试验区5种典型蚀变矿物的反射光谱重建作为评价对象,通过与USGS标准矿物光谱进行对比,结果表明：经过FLAASH模型、6S模型、快速大气校正模型和经验线性模型校正后的SASI影像均能较准确地反映矿物的诊断性光谱特征,吸收峰波长位置未发生明显偏移。相对而言,经验线性法更好地保持了矿物的光谱形态,作为试验区航空高光谱数据大气校正的优选方法。最后,在航空高光谱大气校正的基础上,完成了本巴图铀资源勘查远景区矿物填图,为分析和评价该地区铀成矿潜力提供了技术支撑。 相似文献
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高光谱遥感数据预处理是其应用于地物识别与信息提取过程中一项繁琐而必要的工作,预处理流程包括波段筛选、Smile效应纠正、坏线及垂直条纹去除、大气校正等。引入信噪比、均值、方差等参数进行了波段筛选;利用MNF变换、差值两类方法进行了Smile效应的检测,并通过线性拟合内插的方法纠正了Smile效应;利用均值法修复坏线、全局法去除垂直条纹均取得了较好的效果。大气校正过程中,选用了适宜的参数指标反演地表反射率,并经光谱优化减小了"噪声"的干扰。最后,通过波谱曲线形态分析及波谱匹配方法来评价预处理的效果。在此基础上总结了预处理的优化流程,并将该流程应用于福建矾山Hyperion高光谱遥感数据的预处理中,获得验证评价较好的160个波段数据,为后期的福建矾山高光谱遥感信息找矿奠定了基础。 相似文献
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GF-5观测卫星拥有着330个谱段的高光谱分辨率遥感数据,是我国2019年自主研发的首颗高光谱综合观测卫星。基于GF-5卫星开展的地质找矿应用的研究较少,文章选取了基岩裸露程度高、铀成矿地质条件优越的甘肃省龙首山铀成矿带作为GF-5高光谱遥感适宜性和可行性验证研究区,开展了数据预处理研究,构建了GF-5高光谱数据处理方法和流程,运用MNF算法、PPI算法,结合SAM光谱角填图技术,在研究区内共提取到包括钠长石、赤铁矿、高岭石、石英（硅化）、绿泥石和方解石在内的6种蚀变矿物。提取的蚀变矿物空间展布与区内铀矿（化）点、断裂构造和龙首山岩群分布特征关系密切,并通过开展地面光谱测量验证了蚀变矿物提取结果的可靠性。基于研究成果,丰富了GF-5高光谱的铀矿找矿工作思路,为国产GF-5高光谱遥感应用于地质找矿提供了参考。 相似文献
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Shi Jiancheng 《第四纪研究》2012,32(1)
积雪覆盖(snow cover)是气候、水文和生态环境等研究领域中很重要的参数之一.与积雪覆盖二值技术不同,亚像元雪盖反演技术可以在给定卫星观测空间分辨率前提下进一步提高积雪覆盖面积的反演精度.“多端元光谱混合分析”方法反演亚像元积雪覆盖度具有物理意义明确、精度高等优势.但由于其需要通过端元选取、最小二乘法反演等计算,运行效率较低,难以满足大数据量计算.我们发展了一种改进“多端元光谱混合分析”方法反演MODIS亚像元积雪覆盖的算法.该算法通过对MOD09GA数据进行图像端元自动提取,并利用能够代表图像端元类的典型端元库进行“多端元光谱混合分析”反演亚像元积雪覆盖.我们在端元选取、多端元线性混合模型分解等方面进行了改进与发展,不仅保证了产品精度,同时提高了计算的时效性. 相似文献
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Rabor exploration area is in southeast of Kerman province, south of Urumieh-Dokhtar volcanic belt. Since there are many evidences of porphyry copper mineralization in this belt, prospecting and exploration of the intact and undiscovered places, especially the southern part of this belt, seems necessary. In this paper, use has been made of the “spectral feature fitting” (SFF) method to process ASTER satellite data (in Rabor exploratory area as a case study) for the identification and enhancement of hydrothermal alteration zones related to probable porphyry copper mineralization. The method is based on the comparison of absorption features in the image and the reference spectra. The distribution map of the indicator clay minerals, such as kaolinite, muscovite, illite, montmorillonite, alunite, pyrophyllite, dickite, chlorite, and epidote in Rabor exploratory area has been prepared with the help of this method. Identification and enhancement of alteration zones and overlaying Pay-Negin ore index on every individual zone reveal the capability and high efficiency of the SFF method in processing ASTER satellite data and preparing the distribution map of alteration minerals. Field and laboratory studies have shown that main alterations in this area are phyllic and argillic. These studies confirm the results obtained from remote sensing in the area. 相似文献
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Integration of ASTER and landsat TM remote sensing data for chromite prospecting and lithological mapping in Neyriz ophiolite zone,south Iran 
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下载免费PDF全文 Alireza Eslami Majid Ghaderi Sankaran Rajendran Amin Beiranvand Pour Mazlan Hashim 《Resource Geology》2015,65(4):375-388
Chromite deposits in Iran are located in the ophiolite complexes, which have mostly podiform types and irregular in their settings. Exploration for podiform chromite deposits associated with ophiolite complexes has been a challenge for the prospectors due to tectonic disturbance and their distribution patterns. Most of Iranian ophiolitic zones are located in mountainous and inaccessible regions. Remote sensing approach could be applicable tool for choromite prospecting in Iranian ophiolitic zones with intensely rugged topography, where systematic sampling and conventional geological mapping are limited. In this study, Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) satellite data were used for chromite prospecting and lithological mapping in the Neyriz ophiolitic zone in the south of Iran. Image transformation techniques, namely decorrelation stretch, band ratio and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to Landsat TM and ASTER data sets for lithological mapping at regional scale. The RGB decorrelated image of Landsat TM spectral bands 7, 5, and 4, and the principal components PC1, PC2 and PC3 image of ASTER SWIR spectral bands efficiently showed the occurrence of major lithological units in the study area at regional scale. The band ratios of 5/3, 5/1, 7/5 applied on ASTER VNIR‐SWIR bands were very useful for discriminating most of rock units in the study area and delineation of the transition zone and mantle harzburgite in the Neyriz ophiolitic complex. Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) technique was implemented to ASTER VNIR‐SWIR spectral bands for detecting minerals of rock units and especially delineation of the transition zone and mantle harzburgite as potential zones with high chromite mineralization in the Neyriz ophiolitic complex. The integration of information extracted from the image processing algorithms used in this study mapped most of lithological units of the Neyriz ophiolitic complex and identified potential areas of high chromite mineralization (transition zone and mantle harzburgite) for chromite prospecting targets in the future. Furthermore, image processing results were verified by comprehensive fieldwork and laboratory analysis in the study area. Accordingly, result of this investigation indicate that the integration of information extracted from the image processing algorithms using Landsat TM and ASTER data sets could be broadly applicable tool for chromite prospecting and lithological mapping in mountainous and inaccessible regions such Iranian ophiolitic zones. 相似文献
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Adel Zein Bishta 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(9):3513-3526
Wadi Baba–Wadi Shalal area locates in the westcentral part of Sinai, Egypt. It is covered by a Precambrian basement rocks comprise the northern part of the Precambrian Arabo-Nubian crystalline massive. The lithologic and structural setting of the investigated area was interpreted from the digital Landsat-7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) data. The structural lineament analyses for the lithologic units and their relationships to the high-radioactivity zones (HRZ) and the characterizations of HRZ of the study area are the main tasks of this article. Extraction algorithm was applied using Geomatica PCI package under the user defined parameters. The extracted structural lineaments have been evaluated and chicked using the visual interpretation and published works. The short-wave infrared spectral ETM+ band-7 was selected as an optimum data for automatic lineaments extraction since it scored the highest lineament frequency (1856) compared to the other visible and near infrared bands. The aeroradiometric color raster total count equivalent thorium (eTh) and equivalent uranium (eU) maps were used to delineate the highest radioactivity zones of the study area. A selective image processing technique (SIPT) is a new approach in Geomatica (9.1), which gives rise to valuable results in this work. The SIPT was carried out for the subset of the ETM+ data of the highest radioactivity zones. The spatial distribution of the structural lineament pattern maps for some low-radioactivity zones (LRZ) and for the highest radioactivity zones of the study area are prepared with their frequency rose diagrams. The NE–SW trend is the predominant structural lineaments trend in the investigated area. The NE–SW to the ENE–WSW directions are the predominant structural lineament trends in both the LRZ and the HRZ. These high-radioactivity zones of the investigated area are characterized by high lineaments density and lineaments-intersection density, restricted to Um Bogma Formation and younger granitic rocks and are not controlled by structural lineament trends. 相似文献
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The Qiongdongnan Basin is a strongly overpressured basin with the maximum pressure coefficient over 2.2. Two types of vertical overpressure configuration can be identified by electronic logs and mud pressure, based on the calibration with the test pressure. The first is a double overpressure configuration, in which the middle low overpressure zone divides the entire overpressure zone into two zones. The double overpressure configuration lies primarily in the western part of the basin. The second is a single overpressure configuration, in which overpressure increases with depth. The single overpressure configuration lies primarily in the eastern part of the basin. Distribution maps of the overpressure top and overpressure horizons show three important characteristics: (1) The distribution of the pressure coefficient is not uniform. There are many low overpressure zones against a background of high overpressure. (2) The pressure coefficient in the western area is greater than in the eastern area. The maximum pressure coefficient in the western area is greater than 2.2. (3) There is a low overpressure interval between the high overpressure zones in the western area. Based on the overpressure distribution, some important implications for hydrocarbon exploration can be drawn. In the Qiongdongnan Basin, it has been shown that normal pressure zones are favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation, and strongly overpressured zones (pressure coefficient greater than 1.8) are unfavorable for hydrocarbon accumulation. Accordingly, the NW low overpressure belt around wells R, Q and S should be beneficial for hydrocarbon accumulations, and should be considered as the next exploration play in the Qiongdongnan Basin. Theoretical hydrofracture calculation and interpretation of the sand injectites indicate the presence of widespread hydrofractures in the basin. Comparison between the sealing capacities of the double overpressure and single overpressure configurations shows that the former is superior for hydrocarbon accumulation and preservation. Because of the strong sealing capacity provided by the displacement pressure and pore pressure difference between the seal rock and reservoir in the double overpressure configuration zone, hydrocarbons barely penetrate the seal rock in the middle low overpressure zone. Therefore, the exploration interval should be within and below the middle low overpressure zone in the western basin. 相似文献
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机载高光谱具有高光谱分辨率和高空间分辨率的特点,展现出了独特的优势。机载高光谱数据的几何校正精度,直接影响着数据能否正常使用,是数据预处理中的关键问题。传统的空中三角测量技术必须依靠地面控制点才可以解算影像的外方位元素,工作量大,而且在无法测量地面控制点的区域不能使用。本文在分析CASI/SASI系统几何校正原理的基础上,结合POS AV系统,设计了一套几何检校方案;检验结果表明,在测区范围内无地面控制点的情况下,利用检校场飞行解算的相关数据,CASI/SASI高光谱数据的几何精度达到了要求。 相似文献
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矿物光谱混合模型研究对于蚀变带蚀变矿物的信息提取具有重要意义。本文基于目前两种主流的非线性光谱混合模型Hapke和Shkuratov模型,通过对两者特性的对比分析,提出了一种综合利用这两种模型进行矿物或岩石光谱混合模拟的思路,并针对斑岩型铜矿典型蚀变分带现象,进行钾化带、绢英岩化带、泥化带、青磐岩化带等典型蚀变带矿物组合光谱的模拟实验。本研究提取结果可以为斑岩铜矿蚀变带研究提供理论依据。 相似文献
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应用特征参数GU、FU、B处理区域伽玛能谱资料的效果初探 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从U、Th元素的地球化学特性出发,探讨了利用“古铀丰度”(Gu)、“活化铀”(Fu)和“相对变迂系数”(B)等特征参数处理区域伽玛能谱测量资料的可能性和实际应用效果。文中阐述了选用的能谱特征参数的理论基础及地球化学意义。同时,利用这些特征参数对成矿带上所作的区域地面伽玛能谱测量资料进行了处理。结果表明,利用这些参数在确定区域铀源体、研究该区铀元素活化运移和沉积富集规律、探讨该区控制铀矿化形成的主要地质因素以及预测区内铀矿找矿远景地段等方面都取得了较满意的效果,是一种值得进一步探索和完善的伽玛能谱资料处理方法。 相似文献
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本文对铜陵矿集区的landsat 7 ETM+遥感影像进行综合分析,获取影像波谱特性,运用波段比值和主成分分析的方法提取铁染和羟基蚀变信息,利用彩色密度分割得到蚀变异常图像,清晰显示铜陵矿集区的成矿有利区域。并对遥感解译结果和铜陵地区地质构造与现有矿点对比,验证提取结果。圈定的11个成矿有利区域中:3个A类区蚀变信息明显,具备有利成矿条件,成矿潜力巨大;4个B类区蚀变信息中等,具备有利成矿条件,具有一定成矿潜力;4个C类区蚀变信息离散,成矿条件不明显,具有成矿可能,但是潜力不大。 相似文献
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Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for Kakrapar atomic power station, Gujarat, India 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Seismic ground motion caused by earthquakes mainly affects the constructions and structures around its area of influence. In this context, the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) is a scientific step towards the safety analysis of any major construction such as nuclear power plant. Thus, the present study focused to estimate seismic hazard level at different probabilities for Kakrapar nuclear power plant located in the Western India. The hazard curves for the study area are developed following the procedure of PSHA suggested by Cornell–McGuire. Three source zones, Narmada-Tapti zone (NTZ), Rann of Kuchchh (ROK), and west passive margin (WPM), are classified on the basis of seismicity and tectonic setting of the study area. The estimated maximum magnitude (m max) for NTZ, ROK, and WPM are 6.9 ± 0.57, 6.5 ± 0.64, and 6.1 ± 0.64, respectively. Logic tree approach has been used for the development of hazard curves to account the epistemic uncertainties associated with the analysis. For maximum credible earthquake [MCE, i.e., the probability of exceedance of 2 % in 50 years (return period of ~2,500 years)], the peak spectral acceleration (i.e., PSA at 0.2 s) expected around 5 km of the Kakrapar nuclear power plant (site) is 0.23 g from all source zones; however, at exact site location, it is 0.18 g. The PSA values due to NTZ, ROK, and WPM based on MCE are 0.22, 0.065, and 0.052 g, respectively. In case of design-based earthquake (DBE, i.e., 50 % probability in 50 years (return period of ~110 years)), the calculated maximum spectral acceleration (SA) from all source zones is about 0.045 g. The PSA distribution for the DBE from the NTZ has reached a maximum value of 0.042 g; however, PSA for ROK and WPM is considerably low with a maximum value of 0.022 and 0.021 g, respectively. Considering the MCE and DBE, the estimated PSA at 0.2 s has a highest value of ~0.23 g from all source zones. Spectral accelerations (SAs) correspond to different periods are presented, and SA plots for NTZ zone can be considered as response spectra for the KAPS site. Deaggregation of PSHA in the present study is also discussed. PGA values reported in seismic zonation map and global seismic hazard analysis program around the present study area range from 0.05 to 0.2 g which is slightly lower than the peak acceleration obtained in this study. The results of this study would facilitate in the performance of the site-specific seismic probabilistic safety analysis. 相似文献