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1.
针对富有机质页岩储层复杂的矿物组分与微观孔缝结构,本文提出基于岩石物理模型和改进粒子群算法的页岩储层裂缝属性及各向异性参数反演方法。应用自相容等效介质理论与Chapman多尺度孔隙理论建立裂缝型页岩双孔隙系统岩石物理模型。开发基于岩石物理模型的反演流程,引入模拟退火优化粒子群算法解决多参数同时反演问题,反演算法能够避免陷入局部极值且收敛速度快。将本文方法应用于四川盆地龙马溪组页岩气储层,反演得到的孔隙纵横比、裂缝密度等物性参数和各向异性参数与已有研究结果一致,能为页岩储层的评价提供多元化信息。  相似文献   

2.
纵波AVOA垂直裂缝参数反演与运用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
包含定向排列的垂直裂缝性储层,可用具有水平对称轴的横向各向同性介质(HTI介质)来描述。通过分析HTI介质的描述和介质中纵波的动力学性质振幅随观测方位角和入射角的变化,给出运用HTI介质中纵波的AVOA特征反演裂缝的拟各向异性系数Gani,以及方位相角Φsym等参数的方法。对一个二层HTI介质模型和实际的宽方位纵波资料进行裂缝参数的反演。数值实验和实际资料的反演结果及分析表明,该方法是可行的。  相似文献   

3.
济阳坳陷罗家地区页岩储层的固有各向异性及水平层理发育使得储层呈现VTI(vertical transversely isotropy)各向异性,而VTI各向异性背景下垂直裂缝的发育使得储层进一步呈现等效正交各向异性特征。本文以正交各向异性介质作为罗家页岩油储层模型,在岩石物理建模中应用Backus平均理论将测井尺度的VTI各向异性粗化至地震尺度,并利用Schoenberg理论在VTI各向异性背景中引入垂直裂缝,进而得到正交各向异性等效介质模型,同时考虑裂缝尺度和流体填充等因素。之后,应用各向异性反射率法进行全波场地震正演模拟,计算正交各向异性页岩油储层AVAZ(amplitude versus azimuth)响应,通过振幅的方位特征进行储层裂缝识别。计算结果表明,PP波、PSV波和PSH波方位振幅响应各不相同,且方位振幅分布图的拟合形状可反映裂缝的发育方向,为页岩油储层中裂缝的地震识别提供依据。  相似文献   

4.
塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩缝洞储层发育,油气产量突出。多年研究表明尺度较大的洞穴、孔洞储层发育规律尚能确定,但是对于尺度较小的裂缝,发育规律难以确定。基于OVT域五维地震数据包含偏移距和方位角信息,可有效实现方位各向异性研究,提高裂缝预测精度和准确性。基于椭圆拟合的纵波各向异性裂缝预测技术是应用较广的一种方法,对不同方位角振幅、频率、纵波阻抗等信息进行椭圆拟合从而确定裂缝走向和发育密度,该方法未能充分考虑数据中的弹性信息。基于各向异性反演的叠前裂缝技术对不同方位角数据进行弹性参数反演, Thomsen各向异性参数估计,在HTI介质中利用傅立叶级数展开求取反应各向异性特征的B1参数,进行裂缝预测。将该方法在塔里木盆地A区块展开应用,裂缝预测效果明显。  相似文献   

5.
宽方位地震资料波场正演响应特征表明:地震纵波在地下地质体中传播时,反射系数在不同的方向具有明显的方位各向异性特征。利用方位各向异性进行裂缝预测已经成为国内外的研究热点之一。本文通过地震纵波随方位变化的正演响应特征分析,结合Bakulin等提出的含流体裂缝各向异性参数之间的相互关系,对Rüger公式进行了近似简化,推导了裂缝型储层含流体情况下,可以用于表征裂缝发育的各向异性参数γ与反射系数之间的表达式,提出了一种基于各向异性参数反演的裂缝预测方法。通过理论模型和实际资料应用证明了方法的有效性和适用性,为应用宽方位叠前地震资料进行裂缝预测提供了一种可行的方法技术。  相似文献   

6.
基于各向异性AVO的裂缝弹性参数叠前反演方法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
基于各向异性理论,将具有水平对称轴的高角度裂缝介质等效为HTI介质。首先,通过分析HTI介质反射界面的纵波反射系数公式,研究裂缝介质振幅随偏移距和方位角的变化特征,探索了方位各向异性介质弹性参数和各向异性参数的叠前反演方法。其次,为更好地估测介质的弹性参数:纵波阻抗IP、横波阻抗IS以及各向异性梯度Γ,对反射系数近似式进行了简化,同时对简化公式的精度进行了对比分析。最后,选取2D逆掩断层模型,利用褶积公式制作不同方位的合成地震道集,并对合成地震道集添加随机噪声(信噪比为2∶1),将其应用于方位AVO叠前反演算法试算中。结果表明,当信噪比为2时,方位AVO叠前反演所得纵波阻抗、横波阻抗及各向异性梯度的估测值与模型真实值基本吻合,而且估测值能够较准确地反映原始模型的地层特征,验证了方位AVO叠前反演算法的准确适用性。  相似文献   

7.
裂缝诱导双相HTI介质模型及其弹性波传播方程   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
高炜  刘财  郭智奇  兰慧田  黄航 《世界地质》2014,33(4):904-933
将Biot双相介质理论与Gurevich裂缝各向异性理论相结合,建立了能够同时考虑实际裂缝性储层孔隙性和各向异性的裂缝诱导双相HTI介质模型。从本构方程、动力学方程和动力学达西定律出发,推导出了裂缝诱导双相HTI介质中弹性波传播的一阶速度-应力方程,并针对方程的刚性问题,给出了利用显式二阶时间积分法数值求解该方程时所需要满足的稳定性条件。该方程能够定量地给出双相HTI介质的波场特征与裂缝参数、背景孔隙介质参数之间的关系,描述弹性波在这种介质中的传播机理。  相似文献   

8.
理论和实践表明,垂直定向排列的裂缝能够诱导方位各向异性,三维P波地震是一种经济有效的裂缝勘探方法。合理的三维勘探有利于从三维地震数据中提取和增强有效的属性参数,来表征方位各向异性,达到检测和预测储层裂缝的目的。这里通过综述目前常用的纵波裂缝检测技术,结合部分实际数据,总结了三维P波采集方案设计的一些基本原则,为储层裂缝检测提供了野外设计方面的参考。  相似文献   

9.
双相介质叠前储层参数反演方法研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
从双相介质的理论出发,建立了叠前储层参数反演的目标函数,研究了多维储层参数迭代优化算法,提出了双相介质叠前储层参数反演的技术流程。模型数据、实际地震资料的应用表明,该方法反演误差较小、精度高于叠后地震波形反演。   相似文献   

10.
叠前纵波方位各向异性检测裂缝是目前应用最为广泛的方法,该方法主要是利用AVAZ地震资料椭圆拟合的长轴与短轴信息来评价裂缝,该方法在具体应用时,认为裂缝型储层AVAZ响应特征的变化仅由各向异性参数决定,而没有考虑非各向异性参数的影响,从而引起裂缝评价的多解性。为提高该技术的裂缝评价精度,从模型分析入手,将模型中各向异性参数及岩性参数设置为概率密度分布函数,然后采用Monte Carlo随机方法进行叠前AVAZ正演模拟。首先,对各向异性参数对椭圆拟合的影响进行简单分析,得出各向异性参数γ对椭圆扁率B/A与各向异性因子B影响最大、δ次之、ε最小。然后,进一步重点分析不同标准差的速度与密度模型的B/A与B响应特征,得出地层的速度与密度的变化在较小范围内时,该技术评价裂缝才具有一定的可行性,其中,地层纵波和横波速度的变化(尤其是纵波速度)对叠前AVAZ响应影响较大,地层密度几乎没有影响,故当横向岩性变化较大时,该方法在评价裂缝型储层时的结果具有一定的不确定性。   相似文献   

11.
由于裂缝性油气藏具有突出的资源潜力和经济效益,利用地震方法对裂缝储层进行精细的定量描述逐渐成为勘探地球物理的关键任务之一。为了克服以往数据驱动类反演方法无法直接获得裂缝参数、而基于静态等效介质模型驱动的反演方法无法描述孔隙内部结构和流体信息的缺点,笔者提出一种基于动态等效介质模型的储层定量描述新方法。该方法通过频变AVO(amplitude variation with offset)理论建立目标函数并使用全局最优化算法反演裂缝参数。一维和二维模型测试证实,由于充分利用了反射系数频变响应对裂缝密度和时间尺度因子的敏感性,反演方法可以对裂缝储层实现有效描述。  相似文献   

12.
煤体中直立裂隙的多波地震响应及预测   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
何兵寿  彭苏萍  张会星  张晓明 《地质学报》2008,82(10):1416-1421
裂隙探测是煤层气勘探开发与煤矿安全生产的重要研究内容。规则发育的直立裂隙在理论上可等效为具有水平对称轴的横向各向同性(HTI)介质,本文通过正演记录研究了HTI介质的多波地震响应,分析了裂隙发育方位对横波偏振特性的影响规律,在此基础上分析了利用横波记录的方位角道集获取地下裂隙参数的可行性与基本原理,为便于工业应用,文中研究了一种基于两个水平分量叠加剖面的角度扫描法求取地下目标煤层的裂隙发育方位。实际资料处理证明了该方法的准确性与可靠性。  相似文献   

13.
The presence of fractures in reservoir rocks causes scattering of seismic wave energy. In this paper, we utilize the finite-difference modelling technique to study these scattering effects to gain more insights into the effects and assess the validity of using anisotropic wave scattering energy as a diagnostic tool to characterize fractured hydrocarbon reservoirs. We use a simplified fractured reservoir model with four horizontal layers with a fractured-layer as the third layer. The fractures are represented by grid cells containing equivalent anisotropic medium by the use of the linear slip equivalent model. Our results show that the scattered energy, quantified through estimates of the seismic quality factor (Q) is anisotropic, exhibiting a characteristic elliptical (\(\cos 2\theta \)) variations relative to the survey azimuth angle \(\theta \). The fracture normal is inferred from the minor axis of the Q ellipse. This direction correlates with the direction of maximum wave scattering. Minimum wave scattering occurs in the fracture strike direction inferred from the major axis of the Q ellipse. These results provide more complete insights into anisotropic wave scattering characteristics in fractured media and thus, validate the practical utility of using anisotropic attenuation attribute as an additional diagnostic tool for delineation of fracture properties from seismic data.  相似文献   

14.
纵波各向异性裂缝预测方法是目前应用比较广泛、效果较好的一种裂缝预测方法;但传统椭圆拟合方法的准确性受到一系列因素的影响,致使裂缝密度反演结果不准确。本次研究根据Ruger方程精确式推导各向异性介质中储层裂缝密度的计算方法,该方法首先利用入射角、方位角、Thomsen各向异性三参数以及介质弹性参数的函数来计算纵波反射系数,然后根据纵波反射系数计算待测储层中裂缝的切向各向异性系数,最后根据各向异性系数计算待测储层的裂缝密度。利用该方法在四川盆地正坝南地区通过实际纵波AVOA数据反演法向和切向裂隙弱度预测裂缝密度,裂缝参数反演结果与钻井信息吻合;表明该方法能够用于裂缝储层预测,确定研究区裂缝发育情况。  相似文献   

15.
This paper presents an approach to modelling fracture networks in hot dry rock geothermal reservoirs. A detailed understanding of the fracture network within a geothermal reservoir is critically important for assessments of reservoir potential and optimal production design. One important step in fracture network modelling is to estimate the fracture density and the fracture geometries, particularly the size and orientation of fractures. As fracture networks in these reservoirs can never be directly observed there is significant uncertainty about their true nature and the only feasible approach to modelling is a stochastic one. We propose a global optimization approach using simulated annealing which is an extension of our previous work. The fracture model consists of a number of individual fractures represented by ellipses passing through the micro-seismic points detected during the fracture stimulation process, i.e. the fracture model is conditioned on the seismic points. The distances of the seismic points from fitted fracture planes (ellipses) are, therefore, important in assessing the goodness-of-fit of the model. Our aims in the proposed approach are to formulate an appropriate objective function for the optimal fitting of a set of fracture planes to the micro-seismic data and to derive an efficient modification scheme to update the model parameters. The proposed objective function consists of three components: orthogonal projection distances of the seismic points from the nearest fitted fractures, the amount of fracturing (fitted fracture areas) and the volumes of the convex hull of the associated points of fitted fractures. The functions used in the model update scheme allow the model to achieve an acceptable fit to the points and to converge to acceptable fitted fracture sizes. These functions include two groups of proposals: one for updating fracture parameters and the other for determining the size of the fracture network. To increase the efficiency of the optimization, a spatial clustering approach, the Distance-Directional Transform, was developed to generate parameters for newly proposed fractures. A simulated dataset was used as an example to evaluate our approach and we compared the results to those derived using our previously published algorithm on a real dataset from the Habanero geothermal field in the Cooper Basin, South Australia. In a real application, such as the Habanero dataset, it is difficult to determine definitively which algorithm performs better due to the many uncertainties but the number of association points, the number of final fractures and the error are three important factors that quantify the effectiveness of our algorithm.  相似文献   

16.
Multiparameter prestack seismic inversion is one of the most powerful techniques in quantitatively estimating subsurface petrophysical properties. However, it remains a challenging problem due to the nonlinearity and ill-posedness of the inversion process. Traditional regularization approach can stabilize the solution but at the cost of smoothing valuable geological boundaries. In addition, compared with linearized optimization methods, global optimization techniques can obtain better results regardless of initial models, especially for multiparameter prestack inversion. However, when solving multiparameter prestack inversion problems, the application of standard global optimization algorithms maybe limited due to the issue of high computational cost (e.g., simulating annealing) or premature convergence (e.g., particle swarm optimization). In this paper, we propose a hybrid optimization-based multiparameter prestack inversion method. In this method, we introduce a prior constraint term featured by multiple regularization functions, intended to preserve layered boundaries of geological formations; in particular, to address the problem of premature convergence existing in standard particle swarm optimization algorithm, we propose a hybrid optimization strategy by hybridizing particle swarm optimization and very fast simulating annealing to solve the nonlinear optimization problem. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed inversion method by conducting synthetic test and field data application, both of which show encouraging results.  相似文献   

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