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1.
博罗科努石炭纪侵入岩为一巨大的岩基,主体岩性为闪长岩,边部发育石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、花岗岩、斑状花岗岩等,属富含角闪石强-中等钙碱性系列.该岩体的形成主要与板块的俯冲作用有关.在闪长岩中获得锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为308.2Ma±5.4Ma.岩体侵入最新地层为下石炭统大哈拉军山组,为石炭纪活动陆缘火山岩的深成组分,它们共同组成该区的陆缘型岩浆弧,从而说明该区在晚古生代存在古板块的俯冲作用.  相似文献   

2.
新疆东部哈尔里克山出露大量闪长岩和花岗岩岩体,在小铺一带,岩体发育片麻状构造,其围岩为一套变质岩系.对小铺西侧片麻状黑云母花岗岩锆石SHRIMPU-Pb定年研究,获得(311±9)Ma的206Pb/238U表面年龄.结合岩体及锆石的矿物学特征,该年龄被解释为片麻状黑云母花岗岩岩体的侵位年龄.结合前人的研究资料,笔者推测该片麻状黑云母花岗岩形成于弧后伸展构造环境,其片麻状构造的发育与伸展作用有密切关系,小铺一带变质作用的下限年龄为(311±9)Ma.  相似文献   

3.
碎屑锆石研究是探讨其碎屑物质来源、源区特征、沉积时代和形成环境的一种有效途径。笔者通过对新疆东部哈尔里克山南麓石炭纪砂岩的47粒碎屑锆石SHRIMPU-Pb定年研究,获得的年龄为388~949Ma,其主体为418~482Ma。结合锆石的矿物学特征、CL图像特点以及哈尔里克山区域地质资料,得出如下结论:(1)哈尔里克山南麓所研究的砂岩中最年轻的碎屑锆石年龄是(388±9)Ma,这意味着这套地层不老于中泥盆世,结合区域地质资料,笔者认为这套沉积岩应是在晚石炭世沉积的;(2)所研究的砂岩的碎屑物质主要来源于哈尔里克山早古生代与岛弧演化相关的岩浆岩;(3)哈尔里克山经历了中奥陶世—早志留世与康古尔塔格洋壳残片代表的洋岩石圈板块向北俯冲有关的岛弧、石炭纪弧后盆地和晚石炭世末期弧后隆起的构造演化历史;晚石炭世末期弧后隆起是导致哈尔里克山与博格达山现今地质差异的主要原因。  相似文献   

4.
高精度SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,二台北花岗闪长岩的形成时代为299.3±8.7Ma,代表了岩浆侵入到上地壳的年龄;其中所含的暗色微粒包体形成时代为301.5±6.6Ma,与寄主岩石的时代在误差范围内完全相同。结合野外、岩相学和主量、微量元素地球化学特征分析,偏基性的暗色微粒闪长质包体与寄主花岗闪长质岩浆并非有直接成因联系,包体可能是由过冷的镁铁质岩浆混入到花岗闪长质岩浆中发生快速冷凝,然后被花岗闪长质岩浆携带、侵入到上地壳中形成的。因此,花岗闪长岩及其包体才能够具有相同的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄。二台北岩体与东准噶尔广泛分布的以碱性花岗岩为代表的后碰撞花岗岩具有相同的形成时代,乌伦古-斋桑泊断裂北侧的花岗闪长岩、石英闪长岩等和断裂南侧的碱性花岗岩、钾长花岗岩等的形成时代非常相近,应该是同一期岩浆活动的产物,无法区分出先后顺序。而这些岩体普遍具有低的~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr初始比值和正的ε_(Nd)(t)值,表明它们都是新疆北部晚古生代幔源岩浆活动的产物,它们的形成和演化提供了准噶尔地区后碰撞幔源岩浆底侵作用导致大陆地壳垂向生长过程的信息。  相似文献   

5.
在1:5万区域地质调查工作中,对新疆北部萨吾尔山主脊花岗闪长岩采用激光ICP-MS技术进行锆石U-Pb年龄的测定,结果表明,岩浆侵住结晶年龄为(320±2)Ma,时代相当于晚石炭世;其中有(342±3)Ma、(354±2)Ma的捕获锆石.岩体岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学特征表明萨吾尔山花岗岩具岩浆混合作用特征,其形成可能与古亚洲洋闭合造山后的岩石圈伸展体制有关,即形成于后碰撞阶段的挤压-伸展转变期.  相似文献   

6.
新疆中天山古生代侵入岩浆序列及构造演化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
李平  赵同阳  穆利修  王哲  黄剑  屈涛  凤骏 《地质论评》2018,64(1):91-107
新疆中天山构造岩浆带是中亚造山带的重要组成部分,广泛分布着古生代花岗质侵入体。本研究重点对中天山南缘巴音布鲁克及巴伦台地区的花岗质侵入体进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,并获得了岩体侵位年龄由老到新分别为463±3Ma(石英闪长岩)、437±5Ma(石英闪长岩)、424±3Ma(二长花岗岩)、383±4Ma(二长花岗岩)、356±3Ma(二长花岗岩)和303±5Ma(正长花岗岩)。综合区域地质分析认为,中天山古生代侵入岩浆活动可分为四个构造岩浆演化阶段:(1)晚寒武世—晚奥陶世阶段,Terskey洋盆和南天山洋盆自新元古代打开形成广阔洋盆,Terskey洋盆在晚寒武世开始初次俯冲,于晚奥陶世洋盆闭合,南天山洋盆于早奥陶世初次俯冲,具有自西向东、由早到晚的俯冲特点;(2)早志留世—中泥盆世阶段,南天山洋盆持续向北俯冲,该阶段北天山洋开始向南侧俯冲,在伊犁地块北缘形成了弧岩浆;(3)晚泥盆世—早石炭世阶段,南天山洋盆闭合于晚泥盆世末期,在早石炭世中晚期进入残余洋盆演化阶段;(4)晚石炭世—早二叠世阶段,该阶段为后碰撞伸展环境,区域上为陆内演化阶段。  相似文献   

7.
哈尔里克山南坡塔水河一带花岗质岩体的锆石SHRIMPU-Pb定年结果显示:钾长花岗岩中的锆石8个测点的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(462±9)Ma;花岗闪长岩中的锆石8个测点的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(447±11)Ma;石英闪长岩中的锆石8个测点的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(448±7)Ma。这些年龄值是在哈尔里克古生代复合岛弧带首次获得的中—晚奥陶世中酸性侵入岩的时代,为探讨该古生代复合岛弧带的构造发展历史提供了新的资料。  相似文献   

8.
杨奇荻  郭磊  王涛  曾涛  张磊  童英  史兴俊  张建军 《岩石学报》2014,30(7):1961-1981
大兴安岭晚中生代岩浆活动在东北亚晚中生代构造岩浆演化研究中具有重要意义。本文首次报道了大兴安岭中南段甘珠尔庙地区5个晚中生代花岗岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄和地球化学研究结果。这些岩体形成于晚侏罗世(154Ma)和早白垩世(139~125Ma),显示高硅富碱特征,属高钾钙碱性系列,为高分异钙碱性I-A过渡型花岗岩,其中,早白垩世花岗岩分异程度高于晚侏罗世花岗岩。锆石Hf同位素特征显示,这些花岗岩源区以年轻物质为主,其中,晚侏罗世花岗岩εHf(t)值(+9.9~+15.9)高于该区底侵的新生下地壳,源区可能有更年轻的新底侵物质参与。早白垩世花岗岩εHf(t)值略低(+3.4~+13.9),其物源主要为底侵的新生下地壳和古生代俯冲增生杂岩混源,可能还混有少量更年轻的新底侵物质。结合区域资料分析,甘珠尔庙地区晚中生代花岗岩形成于后造山伸展背景,这种背景可能与蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋闭合碰撞后伸展有关。  相似文献   

9.
萨吾尔地区位于西准噶尔东北缘,广泛发育晚古生代中酸性侵入岩和火山岩以及少量基性侵入岩,这些岩浆岩的年代学研究对于限制西准噶尔地区石炭纪构造环境具有重要的意义。本文通过研究萨吾尔地区科克托别岩体的岩相学特征、锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄以及地球化学特征,探讨该岩体构造背景以及成因机制,为进一步论证西准噶尔地区石炭纪构造环境提供佐证。科克托别岩体包括中粗粒辉长岩、细粒辉长岩和闪长岩,在野外露头显示细粒辉长岩以脉状侵入中粗粒辉长岩中,细粒辉长岩中包裹有中粗粒辉长岩包体,中粗粒辉长岩与闪长岩之间呈渐变过渡接触关系,说明科克托别岩体是不同期次岩浆侵位形成的杂岩体,早期岩浆侵入形成中粗粒辉长岩和闪长岩,晚期岩浆上侵就位于中粗粒辉长岩构造裂隙中形成细粒辉长岩。科克托别岩体中细粒辉长岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为323.2±6.2Ma,表明岩体形成于早石炭世晚期。该岩体成岩年龄晚于该地区蛇绿岩套岩石年龄,也晚于岛弧火山岩年龄以及含斑岩矿床侵入岩年龄,与该地区I型花岗岩年龄相似,而明显早于碰撞后A型花岗岩和双峰式火山岩的形成年龄,说明科克托别岩体可能形成于同碰撞构造环境中。不同岩相的岩石主量元素之间的相关关系以及微量元素配分型式相似性说明它们为同源岩浆结晶分异的产物。岩相学和地球化学特征表明岩体初始岩浆可能为软流圈地幔与上覆交代地幔相互作用形成,板片断离可能为软流圈地幔的上涌起到重要作用。  相似文献   

10.
华北克拉通北缘的内蒙古白云鄂博地区分布着由辉长岩、辉长闪长岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、黑云母花岗岩及钾长花岗岩等基性-中酸性-碱性花岗岩组成的闪长质-花岗质杂岩体,它们曾被认为是泥盆纪至侏罗纪多期次侵位的产物,而新的年代学资料揭示这些侵入体都是在晚古生代形成的.白云鄂博地区15件不同岩性的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年表明,其侵位年龄具有很好的一致性,仅发生在263~281Ma狭窄时间段内,峰期年龄269Ma.这表明白云鄂博矿床的形成与这些闪长质-花岗质岩石的侵入活动没有直接的成因联系,也为重新认识华北克拉通北缘晚古生代构造环境及演化史提供了新的年代学资料.  相似文献   

11.
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours.  相似文献   

12.
本文拟定了一种以熔融法制备样片,用X射线荧光光谱测定硅酸盐类样品中Si、Fe、Al、Tj、Mn、Ca、Mg、K、Na、P等元素的分析方法。在对不同靶材X光管和分光晶体实验对比的基础上,选择了最佳的测量条件。该法具有快速、准确,测量范围广,检测限低,价格便宜等优点。经过近百个各种类型标样或管理样品的分析对比表明,本法不仅适用于硅酸盐类岩石样品的分析,还适用于铁矿、铝土矿、碳酸盐类岩矿样品以及水泥、耐火材料等样品的分析。  相似文献   

13.
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提  相似文献   

14.
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.  相似文献   

15.
本文介绍样品经四硼酸锂熔融制成玻璃小饼。采用Lachance模式和理论a系数来校正元素间的效应,由3080E型X-射线荧光谱仪和DF-350B数据处理系统完成硅酸盐中十三个项目的测定。  相似文献   

16.
Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance.  相似文献   

17.
岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率   总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1  
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。  相似文献   

18.
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes.  相似文献   

19.
滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床.  相似文献   

20.
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources.  相似文献   

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