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研究了电气石微粉吸附水中Cu2＋、Pb2＋、Zn2＋的过程,讨论了吸附时间、粒度、用量和pH值等因素对吸附效果的影响,分析了电气石对含Cu2＋、Pb2＋、Zn2＋废水的吸附机理。电气石加工成超细粉体时,表面产生大量的不饱和键,在溶液中与水配位,使水发生解离生成羟基化表面,将重金属离子吸附到晶体负极,使局部金属离子浓度增高与电气石表面羟基离解而产生的氢氧根离子发生反应,形成各种沉淀或碱式盐析出,直到溶液中各种离子浓度达到平衡时为止。提出了凡是氢氧化物难溶于水的金属离子,理论上都可以使用电气石微粉进行吸附净化处理的观点。研究结果表明,电气石微粉对Cu2＋、Pb2＋、Zn2＋有较好的吸附效果。 相似文献
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电气石的电场效应及其在环境领域中的应用前景 总被引：43，自引：1，他引：42
电气石具有永久性的自发电极,电气石微粒的周围存在着以c轴轴面为两极的静电场.在电场作用下,水分子发生电解,形成活性分子 H3O+,吸引水中的杂质、污垢,净化水质;OH- 和水分子结合形成负离子,改善人们的生活环境;电场对带电粒子有吸附作用,可以吸附粉尘,净化空气.电气石还具有高的机械化学稳定性,与沸石、蒙脱石等的吸附作用相比,电气石不具有饱和极限,可持续使用,重复利用率高,在环境领域具有很好的发展前景. 相似文献
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电气石的电场效应及其在环境领域中的应用背景 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
电气石具有永久性的自发电极，电气石微粒的周围存在着以c轴轴面为两极的静电场。在电场作用下，水分子发生电解，形成活性分子H3O^ ，吸引水中的杂质、污垢，净化水质；OH^-和水分子结合形成负离子，改善人们的生活环境；电场对带电粒子有吸附作用，可以吸附粉尘，净化空气。电气石还具有高的机械化学稳定性，与沸石、蒙脱石等的吸附作用相比，电气石不具有饱和极限，可持续使用，重复利用率高，在环境领域具有很好的发展前景。 相似文献
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电气石吸附Cu2+,As(Ⅲ),F-影响因素及机理研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以新疆电气石为原料,通过原子荧光光谱仪、原子吸收分光光度研究电气石的不同粒度、用量、吸附时间、热处理温度等对水中Cu2 ,As(Ⅲ)吸附的影响;进而探讨分析电气石的吸附机理。研究结果表明:(1)电气石对Cu2 ,As(Ⅲ),F-离子的去除率随着电气石粒径的减小而增加。随着电气石用量的增加,去除率逐渐提高,增至一定值后下降。热处理温度为300℃,500℃时,可提高电气石吸附Cu2 ,As(Ⅲ)的效率。加热预处理未改善电气石对F-离子吸附能力。(2)电气石对带电性质不同的阴、阳离子都具有较好的吸附作用。电气石的极性和表面性质使其对离子可能存在络合吸附和静电吸附两种形式。电气石对Cu2 ,As(Ⅲ)吸附为表面络合吸附与静电吸附共同作用,吸附效果好。对F-吸附只存在静电吸附,吸附效果差。 相似文献
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Cu(Ⅱ)-EDTA废水由于其螯合性难以处理.采用电气石/H_2O_2体系进行降解,结果显示废水处理达到较好的效果.COD和Cu~(2+)的去除率与电气石投加量、H_2O_2用量和温度呈正相关性.溶液pH=3时,两者去除率最大.紫外-可见吸收光谱显示,处理后的Cu(Ⅱ)-EDTA被降解为小分子有机物.通过对比电气石反应前后的XRD图谱和红外光谱发现,电气石与EDTA降解中间产物发生络合.反应动力学研究结果表明,电气石/H_2O_2体系降解废水的反应为拟一级反应. 相似文献
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电气石是一种天然的硅酸盐矿物,具有自发极化效应,晶体表面存在静电场,在水处理领域具有广阔的应用前景。本研究利用碳酸钙沉积法考察电气石颗粒的阻垢性能,对投加不同粒径电气石颗粒后产生的碳酸钙钙垢的结构和微观形貌进行分析,探讨电气石颗粒对碳酸钙水溶液结晶性能的影响。实验结果表明,电气石颗粒具有一定的表面阻垢效果,能够降低碳酸钙在水溶液中的溶解度,促使溶液中碳酸钙形成并黏附在电气石颗粒表面,从而抑制碳酸钙钙垢黏附在换热固体表面,且电气石颗粒粒径越小,抑制效果越明显。XRD和SEM分析表明,电气石颗粒能够影响碳酸钙晶体的成核过程,改变碳酸钙的晶体形貌,形成附着性较差的文石型碳酸钙,达到阻垢效果。 相似文献
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为探究不同颜色电气石中致色元素的化学状态及其化学环境,利用X射线光电子能谱方法对绿色调（墨绿色、蓝绿色、淡绿色）和粉红色调电气石样品进行分析。结果表明,绿色调和粉红色调电气石样品中均含有少量的过渡金属离子,如Fe,Mn,Ti,Cr,且不含Li和Be。不同颜色的电气石晶体中过渡金属阳离子的化学状态相同,且分别为Fe3＋,Mn4＋,Ti4＋,Cr3＋,但其与阴离子配位的环境有所差别。绿色调电气石样品中虽然Fe的质量分数有较大的差别,但均有部分Fe元素与F结合,即占据晶体结构中的Y位;粉红色电气石样品中,Fe离子没有与F形成配位,仅占据结构中的Z位。相反,在粉红色电气石样品中,Mn主要与F结合配位的方式存在,占据结构中的Y位,而绿色调电气石样品中大部分的Mn与O配位成键,只有少部分的Mn与F结合配位。由于Fe3＋,Mn4＋离子对之间电荷转移的可能性不大,故电气石的颜色可能主要由于d—d电子跃迁和氧与金属离子（O2--M）间电荷转移吸收引起,尤其是由于化学环境的差异（包括配位阴离子种类、杂质缺陷、结构畸变等）所引起。 相似文献
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Fe^2＋浓度对Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans耐铜性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
嗜酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌（Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans）是铜矿生物冶金中应用最广泛的微生物之一。但在冶金过程中淋滤出来的Cu2＋等重金属逐渐积累,达到一定的浓度后就会抑制A.ferrooxidans的生长,从而降低冶金的效率。本文着重研究了Fe2＋初始浓度对A.ferrooxidans耐铜性的影响。实验中ρ（Cu2＋）变化范围为0～5.0 g/L。结果表明,当ρ0（Fe2＋）为6.7 g/L时,A.ferrooxidans仅在Cu2＋为0～0.4 g/L的体系中能显著地氧化Fe2＋进行生长;当Cu2＋≥0.5 g/L时,A.ferrooxidans生长完全受到抑制。将ρ0（Fe2＋）增加到8.9 g/L,A.ferroox-idans在0.5、1.0、2.0和3.0 g/L Cu2＋的培养基中也能明显氧化Fe2＋,并最终将其完全氧化,Cu2＋对A.ferrooxidans生长抑制作用仅出现在4.0和5.0 g/L Cu2＋的体系中。因此提高体系中亚铁离子的浓度能提高菌体对Cu2＋的耐受力。研究结果对铜矿的生物冶金具有重要意义。 相似文献
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电气石是一种以含硼为特征的硅酸盐矿物,矿物中硼含量在2.78%~3.4%之间,但电气石中的硼被束缚在稳定的晶体结构中难以溶出而被植物吸收,从而影响电气石中硼在农业上的应用。本文通过一系列实验与检测分析,对电气石中硼的溶出机制进行了研究,发现＂高温煅烧十活化剂＂相结合的方法能有效地将电气石中硼的溶出,并初步选定Na2CO3为理想的活化剂,为开发电气石硼肥奠定了理论基础。 相似文献
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HE Dengliang YIN Guangfu DONG Faqin ZHANG Wei BIAN Qingquan SI yunxiang 《《地质学报》英文版》2012,86(2):423-429
Tourmaline from Altai mine in China's Sinkiang was used to remove lead (II), copper (II) from aqueous solution. The results demonstrate that tourmaline contains Na(Mg,V)3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4, NaFe3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4. The data show that Tourmaline from Altai mine in China's Sinkiang can be used natural adsorbent for lead (II), copper (II).It is observed that the adsorption data fitted to the Langmuir isotherm. Furthermore, both Pb (II) and Cu (II) absorbed by tourmaline and tourmaline were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Laser Raman Spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer, Transmission electron microscopy and Zeta potential. 相似文献
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碧玺是一种色彩丰富倍受青睐的宝石,同时也可以作为环境矿物用来治理环境.碧玺具独特的自发极化现象,具有表面电场,可以电解水、吸附带电离子、释放空气负离子.这些独特的性质赋予碧玺治理环境的用途,例如吸附污水中重金属离子、降解有极大分子污染物等.人体佩戴碧玺时,这种自发极化现象也会带来一定的保健功效,具有一定的电磁屏蔽效果,促进人体新陈代谢. 相似文献
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The San Jorge porphyry copper deposit in Mendoza, Argentina in some parts contains breccia pipes that are strongly enriched with tourmaline of the dravite–schorl solid solution series with some quartz, muscovite, orthoclase, kaolinite, Cu sulfides and arsenopyrite. The overall composition of tourmaline is rather homogeneous with an intracrystalline variation of the Fe/Mg ratio reflected by its texture, its core-rim zonation of tourmaline and by the statistical variation of the Fe/Mg ratio. The depth-related intracrystalline changes are best interpreted as a hydrothermal collapse breccia which formed as a result of the reaction of primary hydrothermal B–Fe-enriched fluids with the country rocks enriched in Mg. The chemical composition attests to only small-scale interaction of tourmaline with silicate fragments within the tourmaline breccia itself. Tourmaline as one of the ultrastable heavy minerals in stream sediment offers a potential tool to discriminate between Cu-bearing and barren breccia pipes, using the Fe/Mg ratio of the boron silicate for distinction. Fertile breccias reveal a significantly better correlation between Fe and Mg than barren tourmaline breccias. 相似文献
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Zhen Zheng Yanjing Chen Xiaohua Deng Suwei Yue Hongjin Chen Qingfei Wang 《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(2):569-580
The Qiman Tagh W-Sn belt lies in the westernmost section of the East Kunlun Orogen, NW China, and is associated with early Paleozoic monzogranites, tourmaline is present throughout this belt. In this paper we report chemical and boron isotopic compositions of tourmaline from wall rocks, monzogranites, and quartz veins within the belt, for studying the evolution of ore-forming fluids. Tourmaline crystals hosted in the monzogranite and wall rocks belong to the alkali group, while those hosted in quartz veins belong to both the alkali and X-site vacancy groups. Tourmaline in the walk rocks lies within the schorl-dravite series and becomes increasingly schorlitic in the monzogranite and quartz veins. Detrital tourmaline in the wall rocks is commonly both optically and chemically zoned,with cores being enriched in Mg compared with the rims. In the Al-Fe-Mg and Ca-Fe-Mg diagrams,tourmaline from the wall rocks plots in the fields of Al-saturated and Ca-poor metapelite, and extends into the field of Li-poor granites, while those from the monzogranite and quartz veins lie within the field of Li-poor granites. Compositional substitution is best represented by the MgFe_(-1), Al(NaR)_(-1), and AlO(Fe(OH))_(-1) exchange vectors. A wider range of δ~(11)B values from -11.1‰ to -7.1‰ is observed in the wall-rock tourmaline crystals, the B isotopic values combining with elemental diagrams indicate a source of metasediments without marine evaporates for the wall rocks in the Qiman Tagh belt. The δ~(11)B values of monzogranite-hosted tourmaline range from -10.7‰ and-9.2‰, corresponding to the continental crust sediments, and indicate a possible connection between the wall rocks and the monzogranite. The overlap in δ~(11)B values between wall rocks and monzogranite implies that a transfer of δ~(11)B values by anataxis with little isotopic fractionation between tourmaline and melts. Tourmaline crystals from quartz veins have δ~(11)B values between -11.0‰ and-9.6‰, combining with the elemental diagrams and geological features, thus indicating a common granite-derived source for the quartz veins and little B isotopic fractionation occurred. Tourmalinite in the wall rocks was formed by metasomatism by a granite-derived hydrothermal fluid, as confirmed by the compositional and geological features.Therefore, we propose a single B-rich sedimentary source in the Qiman Tagh belt, and little boron isotopic fractionation occurred during systematic fluid evolution from the wall rocks, through monzogranite, to quartz veins and tourmalinite. 相似文献
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Raith Johann G. Riemer née Schöner Nina Meisel Thomas 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2004,147(1):91-109
Tourmaline rocks of previously unclear genesis and spatially associated with W- (Cu)-bearing calc-silicate rocks occur in Palaeoproterozoic supracrustal and felsic intrusive rocks in the Bonya Hills in the eastern Arunta Inlier, central Australia. Tourmalinisation of metapelitic host rocks postdates the peak of regional low-pressure metamorphism (M1/D1, ~500 °C, ~0.2 GPa), and occurred synkinematically between the two main deformation events D1 and D2, coeval with emplacement of Late Strangways (~1.73 Ga) tourmaline-bearing leucogranites and pegmatites. Tourmaline is classified as schorl to dravite in tourmaline–quartz rocks and surrounding tourmaline-rich alteration zones, and as Fe-rich schorl to foitite in the leucogranites. Boron metasomatism resulted in systematic depletion of K, Li, Rb, Cs, Mn and enrichment of B, and in some samples of Na and Ca, in the tourmaline rocks compared to unaltered metasedimentary host rocks. Whole-rock REE concentrations and patterns of unaltered schist, tourmalinised schist and tourmaline–quartz veins—the latter were the zones of influx of the boron-rich hydrothermal fluid—are comparable to those of post-Archaean shales. Thus, the whole-rock REE patterns of these rocks are mostly controlled by the metapelitic precursor. In contrast, REE concentrations of leucogranitic rocks are low (10 times chondritic), and their flat REE patterns with pronounced negative Eu anomalies are typical for fractionated granitic melts coexisting with a fluid phase. REE patterns for tourmalines separated from metapelite-hosted tourmaline–quartz veins and tourmaline-bearing granites are very different from one another but each tourmaline pattern mirrors the REE distribution of its immediate host rock. Tourmalines occurring in tourmaline–quartz veins within tourmalinised metasediments have LREE-enriched (LaN/YbN=6.3–55), shale-like patterns with higher REE (54–108 ppm). In contrast, those formed in evolved leucogranites exhibit flat REE patterns (LaN/YbN=1.0–5.6) with pronounced negative Eu anomalies and are lower in REE (5.6–30 ppm). We therefore conclude that REE concentrations and patterns of tourmaline from the different tourmaline rocks studied are controlled by the host rock and not by the hydrothermal fluid causing boron metasomatism. From the similarity of the REE pattern of separated tourmaline with the host rock, we further conclude that incorporation of REEs in tourmaline is not intrinsically controlled (i.e. by crystal chemical factors). Tourmaline does not preferentially fractionate specific REEs or groups of REEs during crystallisation from evolved boron- and fluid-rich granitic melts or during alteration of clastic metasediments by boron-rich magmatic-hydrothermal fluids.Editorial responsibility: J. Hoefs 相似文献