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1.
大兴安岭中段二叠系大石寨组细碧岩的岩石学地球化学特征及其成因探讨 总被引：13，自引：6，他引：13
大兴安岭中段林西地区二叠纪大石寨组下部的细碧角斑岩建造记录了大石寨裂陷槽早期的发育历史，因而对其成因和构造环境的研究具有一定的意义。本文在详细地野外工作基础上，对二叠系大石组的细碧岩进行了较为系统的岩石学、元素地球化学及同位素地球化学研究。结果表明，细碧岩的岩石类型为玄武岩、玄武安山岩、安山岩、橄榄组安岩和粗安岩（或歪长粗面岩），属于拉斑玄武岩岩石系列；细碧岩的主量元素质量分数及变化范围类型似于N－MORB玄武岩；与正常洋中脊玄武岩相比较，细碧岩的LILE元素明显富集，HFSE元素的质量分数与大洋中脊玄武岩（N－MORB）相接近，Nb,Ta明显亏损；细碧岩的稀土元素分配模式具平坦型；（^87Sr/^86Sr)t为0．7013－0．7056。细碧岩形成于大石寨裂陷槽早期裂陷阶段弧后盆地局部扩张的构造环境；细碧岩是由拉斑玄武质岩浆在上升过程中热卤水的严重混染后喷出地表结晶而形成的。 相似文献
2.
何瑞芳 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1992,(4)
1.岩石地球化学特征经研究,秦岭、祁连细碧岩-石英角斑岩建造存在C和A(或A1、A2)类地球化学趋势,这些趋势代表不同的岩浆演化系列。北秦岭早古生代二郎坪群和丹凤群细碧岩-石英角斑岩建造具有A+C类基性火山岩+C类角斑岩、石英角斑岩共生组合,A类属拉斑玄武岩浆系列。扬子地台北缘中、晚元古宙细碧岩-石英角斑岩建造具有A1±A2类基性火山岩+C类角斑岩、石英角斑岩组合,其中A1类属拉斑玄武岩浆系列,A2类属碱性玄武岩浆系列。祁连早古生代细碧岩-石英角斑岩建造具有±A1±A2±C类基性火山岩+C类角斑岩、石英角斑岩组合,A1、A2类属拉斑玄武岩浆系列及碱性玄武岩浆系列。秦岭、祁连细碧岩-石英角斑岩建造的共同特点为:(1)呈近东西向的线形带状分布, 相似文献
3.
南秦岭元古宙板内火山作用特征及构造意义 总被引：18，自引：2，他引：18
南秦岭元古宙火山岩主要由两大类岩石构成，一类为SiO245%-57%的基性火山岩系，另一类为SiO267%-78%的酸性火山岩系，主要岩石类型为细碧岩、玄武岩和石英角班岩、流纹岩。基性火山岩整体上属拉斑玄武岩系列，酸性火山岩属钙碱系列。火山岩强烈富集稀土元素，尤其是轻稀土元素，酸性火山岩和基性火山岩有相似的稀土元素特征，显示了源区特征的不同。基性火山岩富集强不相容元素，相对亏损Nb和Ti, 成于大陆裂谷环境，具有大陆拉斑玄武岩的特征。同位素特征表明基性火山作用与地幔柱活动密切相关。南秦岭的中、晚元古代大陆拉张及由古地幔柱活动所引发的陆裂火山岩浆活动是古秦岭洋打开的先兆。 相似文献
4.
华北板块南缘熊耳群火山岩岩石学及其形成环境讨论 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
熊耳群火山岩系以熔岩为主,其岩石学、岩石化学及地球化学特征表明为双模式火山岩套:下、上熊耳群的主要岩石类型为钾细碧岩及细碧岩、钾角斑岩及角斑岩,属碱性玄武岩浆系列,其源岩浆来自地幔,在上升过程中曾在中间岩浆房停顿并与壳层物质混染。中熊耳群的主要岩石类型为钾石英角斑岩,属拉斑玄武岩浆系列,岩浆来源于下地壳的熔融。火山岩系的岩石地球化学特征及区域分布特征表明熊耳群火山岩系产于活动大陆边缘裂谷带,豫西—陕西这一裂谷带从下熊耳群至上熊耳群火山活动从北向南移动,从东向西扩展,上熊耳群形成时裂谷深度最大,东西范围也最广。中熊耳群形成时期裂谷带为相对闭合阶段,壳层熔融物质上升喷发。 相似文献
5.
熊耳群火山岩系以熔岩为主,其岩石学、岩石化学及地球化学特征表明为双模式火山岩套:下、上熊耳群的主要岩石类型为钾细碧岩及细碧岩、钾角斑岩及角斑岩,属碱性玄武岩浆系列,其源岩浆来自地幔,在上升过程中曾在中间岩浆房停顿并与壳层物质混染。中熊耳群的主要岩石类型为钾石英角斑岩,属拉斑玄武岩浆系列,岩浆来源于下地壳的熔融。火山岩系的岩石地球化学特征及区域分布特征表明熊耳群火山岩系产于活动大陆边缘裂谷带,豫西-陕西这一裂谷带从下熊耳群至上熊耳群火山活动从北向南移动,从东向西扩展,上熊耳群形成时裂谷深度最大,东西范围也最广。中熊耳群形成时期裂谷带为相对闭合阶段,壳层熔融物质上升喷发。 相似文献
6.
四川冕宁茶铺子火山岩及其含矿性 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
四川冕宁茶铺子火山岩产于扬子地台与松潘甘孜地槽褶皱带的接壤部位,是石棉石油房－冕宁茶铺子－盐源爷天窝古火山带的重要组成部分。火山岩已细碧角斑岩化,主要种属有苦橄拉斑玄武质细碧岩、橄榄拉斑玄武质细碧岩、橄榄玄武质细碧岩、碱性橄榄玄武质细碧岩、碱性橄榄玄武质细碧岩、橄榄粗安质细碧角斑碉、细碧岩化碱性橄榄玄武岩、细碧角斑岩化玄武安山岩。火山岩既有碱性系列,又有拉斑系列;既有钠质类型,也有钾质类型。岩石组合和岩石化学特征表明该火山夺形成于裂谷环境,是扬子板块大陆边缘二叠纪裂谷发展最盛期的火山活动产物。火山岩的Ａu背景值高,火山岩的后期蚀变作用、构造活动及岩浆侵入作用既使火山岩中的金活化,又带入了深部的金,有利于金矿成矿。 相似文献
7.
内蒙古东部早二叠世火山岩的成因和动力学背景对于揭示兴安地块和松嫩地块的拼合作用具有重要意义.通过选取大石寨地区大石寨组基-中性火山岩为研究对象,开展LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、全岩主微量和锆石原位Lu-Hf同位素分析,旨在讨论其岩石成因和构造背景,为制约兴安地块与松嫩地块的拼合过程和探讨兴蒙造山带东段的构造演化提供更多信息.大石寨组基-中性火山岩包括变细碧岩、变玄武岩、碎屑岩化玄武安山岩、玄武安山质晶屑凝灰岩、绿泥石化安山岩、杏仁状安山岩、安山质晶屑凝灰岩等.锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素定年结果显示,变细碧岩和绿泥石化安山岩样品的206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值分别为286.0±4.3 Ma（MSWD=0.14）和286.0±3.3 Ma（MSWD=0.14）,说明大石寨组基-中性火山岩喷发于早二叠世,反映了早二叠世的构造岩浆作用事件.岩石地球化学研究表明,大石寨组基-中性火山岩为一套弱过铝质-偏铝质富钠质亚碱性玄武岩-玄武安山岩-安山岩岩石组合,以拉斑系列为主,部分兼具拉斑性和钙碱性特征,相对富集大离子亲石元素（LILE,Ba、U、K等）和轻稀土元素（LREE,La、Ce）,亏损高场强元素（HFSE,如Nb、Ta等）.锆石原位Lu-Hf资料显示,变细碧岩和绿泥石化安山岩具有较高的正εHf（t）值（6.68~12.94,8.41~12.31）和相近的单阶段模式年龄（TDM1=438~589 Ma和413~668 Ma）.综合研究表明,大石寨组基-中性火山岩来源于亏损地幔,在岩浆演化过程中经历了单斜辉石、橄榄石和铁镁氧化物的分离结晶作用,并遭受过较强烈的地壳混染作用.结合区域地质资料,大石寨地区大石寨组火山岩形成于陆内伸展的构造背景,而非俯冲背景的产物,这表明兴安地块与松嫩地块的拼合事件发生在早二叠世之前.同时通过对比区域上早中二叠世火山岩的地球化学特征以及其他地质资料,认为内蒙古中东部早中二叠世火山岩是陆内伸展作用的产物,而区域上的伸展作用可能起始于早石炭世. 相似文献
8.
吉林省长白山地区新生代火山岩的特点及其成因 总被引：7，自引：5，他引：7
长白山地区新生代火山岩是一套玄武岩、粗面岩和钠闪碱流岩的双峰式火山岩组合。玄武岩类分别属于碱性玄武岩系列和拉斑玄武岩系列。奶头山期玄武岩是幔源原生岩浆直接喷发于地表的产物,其他各期玄武岩是幔源原生岩浆经历了一定程度分异作用的产物。粗面岩和钠闪碱流岩与玄武岩有成因联系,可能是玄武岩浆通过分离结晶作用而形成的。本区新生代火山岩是大陆裂谷构造环境下的产物,是在地幔增温和底辞上升过程中形成的。 相似文献
9.
碧口群火山旋回及其地质构造意义 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11
通过详细的野外剖面观察和室内岩石地球化学研究,将碧口碧火山岩划分为3个火山旋回,每个旋回下部为基性火山岩（细碧岩及细碧质凝灰岩）,上部为酸性火山岩（石英角斑岩或石英角斑质凝灰岩）。基性火山岩富集LREE及LIL。第一旋回基性火山岩属碱性系列,第二、三旋回基性火山岩属拉斑玄武岩系列。基性火山岩浆形成于与洋岛玄武岩类似的地幔柱源,其中第三旋回基性火山岩浆晚期受岩石圈地幔混染;酸性火山岩为地壳重熔作用的产物。碧口群火山岩属大陆裂谷双峰式火山岩系,是中一新元古代扬子地块北缘大陆拉张作用的产物。这种拉张作用是秦岭造山带从震旦纪开始的大规模扩张作用的先兆。 相似文献
10.
中晚元古代碧口群海相火山岩分布于扬子古板块西北缘,本文通过火山岩岩相学及微量元素研究,对该群火山岩的岩浆系列,岩浆作用以及产出地质构造环境等一系列问题进行了论述。碧口群海相火山岩由火山相细碧岩、角斑岩、石英角斑岩及次火山相的钠质辉绿岩组成,岩相学资料表明本区细碧-角斑岩系是由偏富钠的细碧岩浆直接结晶形成,可借用“海底热卤水与岩浆混染”成因模式来说明细碧岩浆成因。火山相细碧角斑岩属钙碱岩浆系列,次火山相钠质辉绿岩属拉斑玄武岩浆系列,它们与产于火山岩系中的超基性岩组成蛇绿岩套,产于岛弧环境,按都城(1975)分类属I类蛇绿岩。该蛇绿岩组合为橄榄拉斑玄武岩浆深部分异序次喷发-侵入的产物。 相似文献
11.
新疆甜水海地块种羊场石炭纪火山岩年代学和地球化学:岩石成因和地质意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
甜水海地块西段的种羊场地区发育一套互层状产出的玄武岩-玄武安山岩-流纹岩,本文对其进行了岩石学、同位素年代学和地球化学研究。结果表明,流纹岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年获得三组年龄:343.5±4.1Ma表明火山岩的形成时代为早石炭纪,2439±26Ma和1988±36Ma说明甜水海地块存在前寒武纪结晶基底。其中玄武质岩石岩性从拉斑系列、钙碱性系列向碱性系列过渡,呈现出E-MORB(OIB)、大陆板内拉张和岛弧的混合特征,与典型弧后盆地Okinawa玄武岩有一定的差异,表明其可能是异常陆缘弧后盆地拉张裂解的产物。玄武质岩石和流纹岩的主量元素、稀土元素和微量元素比值对的差异表明它们不是同源岩浆演化的产物,玄武质岩石的源区为类似E-MORB(OIB)的岩石圈地幔,且发生了部分熔融,原始岩浆上升过程中经历了矿物分离结晶和地壳混染作用。流纹岩属于高硅高碱的钙碱性火山岩,是上地壳部分熔融的产物。种羊场早石炭纪火山岩可能代表了古特提洋西端早期扩张的记录,为西昆仑-喀喇昆仑地区晚古生代多岛洋格局提供了新的证据。 相似文献
12.
新疆新源县城南石炭纪火山岩岩石学和元素地球化学研究 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
新疆新源县南部那拉提山北坡出露的石炭纪火山岩主要由玄武岩、玄武质粗面安山岩、粗面安山岩、安山岩、流纹岩和火山碎屑岩组成。该火山岩中玄武岩属于钙碱性系列，安山质岩石和流纹岩属于高钾钙碱性系列，其中轻稀土轻微富集而重稀土相对亏损，玄武岩富集大离子亲石元素、U、Th和Pb，亏损高场强元素。研究表明，该火山岩岩浆可能是由俯冲板片脱水产生的流体交代地幔楔后，地幔楔发生部分熔融的结果。微量元素模拟计算表明，该玄武岩岩浆可以由石榴石二辉橄榄岩经3％～6％的部分熔融得到；安山质岩浆可由玄武岩岩浆经15％-28％的分离结晶形成。 相似文献
13.
In this paper we present geochemical, zircon U–Pb and Hf isotopic data on the late Paleozoic volcanic rocks of the Dashizhai Formation, which are exposed along the northwestern margin of the Songnen terrane in eastern Inner Mongolia. Our aim is to constrain the petrogenesis and tectonic setting of the volcanic rocks and to unravel the late Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the northwestern part of the Songnen terrane, along the eastern segment of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Lithologically, the Dashizhai Formation is composed mainly of rhyolitic tuff, rhyolite, dacite, andesite, basaltic andesite and basalt, with minor basaltic trachyandesite. The zircons separated from these rocks are euhedral–subhedral, have high Th/U ratios (0.2–1.6), and display broad oscillatory growth zoning, indicating a magmatic origin. The results of zircon U–Pb dating indicate the volcanic rocks formed during the early Permian (295–283 Ma). Geochemically, these volcanic rocks belong to the mid-K to high-K calc-alkaline series and are characterized by an enrichment in large ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and a depletion in high field strength elements (HFSEs, such as Nb, Ta, and Ti), similar to igneous rocks that form in active continental margin settings. Most magmatic zircons of the rhyolites show positive εHf(t) values (+ 3.65 to + 13.0) and two-stage model ages (TDM2) of 1396–551 Ma. These geochemical characteristics indicate that the acidic volcanic rocks of the Dashizhai Formation were most likely derived from the partial melting of dominantly juvenile crustal components with a possible addition of “old” materials. In contrast, the basic to intermediate volcanic rocks were derived from the partial melting of a depleted lithospheric mantle that had been metasomatized by fluids derived from a subducted slab. These data, together with regional geological investigations, suggest that the generation of the early Permian volcanic rocks of the Dashizhai Formation was related to the southward subduction of the Paleo–Asian oceanic plate beneath the Songnen terrane. This also implies that the terminal collision between the Songnen and Xing'an terranes did not occur before the early Permian. 相似文献
14.
新疆西准噶尔北部地区的早泥盆世马拉苏组出露有少量富钠低钾的拉斑质中基性熔岩,这些分布于谢米斯台断裂北侧的玄武安山岩和玄武岩多呈夹层状断续产出于火山碎屑岩之中。马拉苏中基性熔岩的Mg#与主、微量元素协变关系及Th-Th/Nd图反映了其并非同源岩浆演化的结果。马拉苏火山岩中的玄武安山岩富集LILE、亏损HFSE,具有较高的Th含量及较低的Hf/Th和(Nb/Th)PM比值,显示出弧火山岩的地球化学特征。其中的玄武岩则具有略为平坦的稀土元素分配样式,较低的Th含量及较高的Hf/Th和(Nb/Th)PM比值,此同MORB地球化学特征极为相似;虽然其也显示有轻微的LILE富集、HFSE亏损,但是较高的La/Nb比值则暗示这同地壳或俯冲物质组分的卷入有关,且一系列构造环境判别图解也进一步印证了马拉苏组内的玄武岩应属似MORB基性熔岩。此外,两类岩石的高场强元素比值Zr/Nb、Hf/Ta同全球平均大洋中脊玄武岩的相应比值极为接近,反映了马拉苏组中基性火山岩的物质源区主体均为MORB地幔物质源区。La/Yb-Gd/Yb原始地幔标准化比值的模拟计算进一步显示了马拉苏组玄武安山岩与受改造(俯冲沉积物或地壳物质的混染)的石榴子石或尖晶石-石榴子石地幔橄榄岩物质源区的部分熔融作用有关,而似MORB型玄武岩则源自尖晶石地幔橄榄岩源区的部分熔融。结合区内同期的蛇绿岩、火山岩和碱性花岗岩的地球化学研究,我们可以进一步推断此类兼具有似MORB和弧火山岩地球化学特征的早泥盆世马拉苏火山岩应当是西准噶尔地块北部在早古生代受后期俯冲作用影响下经历弧后扩张形成的火山-岩浆地质记录。 相似文献
15.
长岭断陷早白垩世火山岩富硅、富碱,岩石以非碱性系列为主,包括钙碱性和高钾钙碱性系列,碱性系列火山岩为钾玄岩系列。酸性岩与中、基性岩的微量元素特征差别明显,岩石总体微量元素特征与造山带火山岩相似,富集LREE、Rb、K和大离子亲石元素,TiO2含量低,贫Sr。火山岩的形成与造山带岩石圈拆沉作用引起地壳拉张减薄的大地构造背景有关。研究区基性火山岩为地幔岩部分熔融作用的产物,岩浆演化过程中存在单斜辉石和橄榄石等矿物的分离结晶作用,中性岩为原生玄武质岩浆分异演化的产物,营城组酸性火山岩的形成与构造活动存在直接关系,为构造剪切挤压应力致使上地壳重熔的结果。 相似文献
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17.
Chong WANG Jinglan LUO Chunyong CHEN Xianying HE Shangwei MA Xuelong XU Jingjing DAI Yong LIU 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(Z2):31-31
Well Drilling shows that the volcanic rocks from the Carboniferous Batamayineishan Formation in the Eastern Junggar basin are mainly composed of volcaniclastic rocks (av. 52%) and volcanic lavas (32%), with a small amount of volcanic pyroclastic lavas (av. 11%). The volcanic lavas are basalt‐basaltic andesite‐andesite‐dacite assemblage. The LA‐ICP‐MS zircon U‐Pb dating of the andesite and the dacite yielded 325～321 Ma and 310 Ma ages, respectively, which is of high agreement with the published age (300 Ma) of basalts from this Formation, it is implied that an important volcanic activity occurred in Junggar basin in the late Carboniferous. The lavas have low TiO2 and high Na2O, indicating a calc‐alkaline series. Geochemical data show that they are characterized by LREE‐enriched patterns with slightly negative Eu anomalies. The rocks have high large ion lithophile element (LILE), and low high field strength element (HFSE) concentrations, with strong negative Nb, Ta and Ti anomalies. From basic through intermediate to felsic, the depletions in Sr, Ti and P of the studied volcanic rocks increase gradually. These geochemical characteristics indicate that the volcanic rocks are magmatic evolution products attributed to partial melting of mantle‐derived spinelle lherzolite related to oceanic subduction in an island‐arc setting. In combination with the LA‐ICP‐MS zircon U‐Pb dating, it is inferred that subduction of the Junggar Ocean in eastern Junggar basin lasted to the Late Carboniferous. Consequently, the final closure of the Junggar Ocean occurred most likely after 310 Ma. 相似文献
18.
Within the volcanic sequence of the twin volcanoes of Lyttelton and Akaroa, Banks Peninsula, New Zealand a number of different magma series have been distinguished.An early series of hawaiites (McQueens Valley Formation) was erupted about 32 m.y. ago and is of transitional or mildly tholeiitic chemistry. Stratigraphically above the McQueens Valley Formation, but unconformably overlain by the main volcanic dome sequence, is a unit of rhyolite (Gebbies Pass Rhyolites) which is not directly related to the earlier or later basaltic volcanism. The rhyolite was probably formed during intracrustal melting which was related to the rise of basaltic magma into the crust.Between 12 and 9.7 m.y. a large volcanic dome, composed mainly of hawaiite, was built at Lyttelton. Dykes, which intrude the Lyttelton volcanic sequence, range in composition from basalt to trachyte. Late, mildly alkalic, basaltic flank flows (7.5–5.8 m.y.) occur in several areas and they, and the differentiated rocks of the dyke swarm can be related by a crystal fractionation model which has been quantitatively tested.Following construction of the Lyttelton dome a second larger dome was built at Akaroa between 9 and 7.5 m.y. The rocks of the Akaroa Volcano are principally hawaiites but rocks ranging in composition through to trachyte also occur. The differentiated rocks of the Akaroa volcano have derived from the basaltic rocks by a crystal fractionation controlled process, operating during ascent through the crust.None of the Banks Peninsula basalts appear to have derived from primitive (pyrolitic) mantle material, but progressive changes in the chemistry of the basalts with time implies that the mantle source regions were evolving geochemically as partial melting proceeded. Later lavas tend to be more alkalic and to have lower MgO/FeO ratios than earlier lavas. The volcanic rocks of the Banks Peninsula volcanoes were derived by fractional removal of olivine, plagioclase, clinopyroxene, magnetite and apatite from ascending basaltic magma batches. Variations between the suites reflect differences between the parental magma batches. 相似文献
19.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(6):714-736
We studied the geochemical characteristics of three types of Mesozoic igneous rocks from the Luzong volcanic basin: basaltic trachyandesite at Shuangmiao, pyroxene monzonite at Bajiatan, and quartz-syenite (A-type granite) at Huangmeijian. Based on analyses of whole-rock major elements, all investigated rocks are enriched in K, Na, Ti, Al, but depleted in Ca, representing a shoshonitic series. Trace element analyses show that these rocks are characterized by enrichments of large-ion lithophile elements and high field strength elements. Positive Nb and Ta anomalies in the chondrite-normalized spider diagram indicate that the shoshonitic volcanic rocks share similar features with Nb-enriched basalts, which are different from normal island-arc volcanical rocks (they are typically strongly depleted in Nb and Ta). Bulk-rock chemical compositions and Sr–Nd isotopes indicate that the three types of igneous rocks are geochemically comagmatic, suggesting that the melts were derived from an enriched mantle reservoir. We postulate an extensional tectonic setting for the formation of Luzong volcanic basin, possibly related to subduction of a palaeo-Pacific plate beneath the east Chinese continent during the Yanshanian period (Cretaceous). Therefore, the petrogenetic features of those volcanic rocks as well as A-type granites in the Luzong basin indicate that the regional large-scale Fe–Cu–Au mineralization was associated with oceanic slab melting, but not delamination or recycling of the ancient lower continental crust, as previously proposed. 相似文献