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1.
A new subfamily, Burmadysagrioninae Zheng, Wang and Nel, subfam. nov., for the genus and species Burmadysagrion zhangi Zheng, Wang and Nel, gen. et sp. nov. is described from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. This is the third dysagrionid damselfly from the Mesozoic and the second one from Burmese amber. The new specimen has a unique discoidal cell with the anterior and posterior sides not parallel, and the basal side longer than the distal side, unlike the typical ‘sieblosiid-dysagrionine’ type. It differs from other dysagrionid damselflies by the presence of a simple wing venation, the vein IR1 originating below the pterostigma and a special discoidal cell. 相似文献
2.
Liaostenophlebia yixianensis gen. et sp. nov., a new stenophlebiid damsel-dragonfly, is described from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of western Liaoning, northern China. It is the third Chinese damsel-dragonfly belonging to the family Stenophlebiidae to be described. Liaostenophlebia gen. nov. differs from the other genera of Stenophlebiidae in having Ax2 shifted just above MAb, a transverse and narrow Hal, a more curved anterior side of the hypertriangle, and a broader cubital-anal area. Sinostenophlebia zhanjiakouensis Hong, 1984 was previously attributed to Stenophlebiidae and hardly compares with other genera within this family. A check of the plates of the type species (Sinostenophlebia zhanjiakouensis Hong, 1984) suggests that Sinostenophlebia Hong, 1984 should be a member of the family Aeschnidiidae and it is very likely that this genus is a junior synonym of Leptaeschnidium Pritykina, 1977. The new data increases the diversity of both Stenophlebiidae and Aeschnidiidae in the Lower Cretaceous of China. 相似文献
3.
The genus Mesosticta Huang, Azar, Cai et Nel, 2015 was established based on the wing bases of two damselflies from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Here we describe a new well-preserved platystictid damselfly, Mesosticta electronica sp. nov., with complete forewings and hindwings. The diagnosis of Mesosticta is revised and augmented in this paper. Mesosticta electronica sp. nov. differs from Mesosticta burmatica Huang, Azar, Cai et Nel, 2015 in having the arculus slightly distal of Ax2, a free subdiscoidal cell, the hindwing AA ending on the middle area of the posterior side of the discoidal cell, and the base of RP2 being three or four cells distal of the subnodus. The new discovery adds to the diversity of damselflies in mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber and puts the origin of Platystictidae to at least the mid-Cretaceous. 相似文献
4.
G. Kusche Dr. 《GeoJournal》1983,7(6):499-504
Nemonychidae is a small family of phytophagous Coleoptera, which consists of 22 living genera and 65 known species. It constituted the dominant group amongst all Phytophaga in the fossil records of the Upper Jurassic, some 200 million years ago, and is safely regarded as the most primitive family of Curculionoidea. As 20 out of the current 22 genera are strictly confined to conifers, it is assumed that the ancestral forms were living on Gymnospermae. The adults of Nemonychidae, at least during their reproductive season, and the larvae feed in the main on pollen. The mature larvae abandon the strobili (male cones) or flowers and drop to the ground to pupate in the soil. Under the same humidity and temperature conditions, some larvae emerge as adults within 2 to 6 months whilst others undergo a diapause of 1 or 2 years. The Palearctic has 2 genera confined to Pinus (Pinaceae) and 1 to Consolida and Delphinium (Ranunculaceae); the Nearctic also has 3 genera, all on Pinus, 1 shared with the Palearctic; the Neotropic has 5 genera, 3 on Araucaria (Araucariaceae), 1 on Saxegothaea (Podocarpacea) and 1 on Nothofagus (Fagaceae), all but 1 species from Chile; the Australian Region has 5 genera, 4 on Araucaria and Agathis (Araucariaceae) and 1 on Phyllocladus, Podocarpus, Dacrycarpus and Dacrydium (Podocarpaceae). 相似文献
5.
The Glandulariini (=Cyrtoscydmini) includes about 60 genera comprising over 70% of the extant species of Scydmaeninae. This successful group is today very common and abundant in forests of all continents. However, while extinct representatives of much smaller extant tribes, as Clidicini, Eutheiini and Cephenniini, were described from Cretaceous deposits, named genera and species of Glandulariini were so far known only from much younger Baltic, Sicilian and Dominican ambers. Here we report the first genus and species of definite Glandulariini from the Upper Cretaceous Burmese amber, Scydmobisetia vetutissima Jałoszyński and Yamamoto, gen. and sp. nov. Scydmobisetia is the first known glandulariine beetle with a pair of very long vertexal sensilla chaetica, previously not found in this tribe, but common among unrelated Staphylinidae. The new genus shows similarities to the extant genera Anthicimimus, Sciacharis, Spinosciacharis and Horaeomorphus, but S. vetutissima has protibial modifications typical of males of some extant species of Euconnus. We discuss the apparent disproportion in the oldest fossil record of various tribes of scydmaenines as a result of identification problems, and not the lack of known fossils. 相似文献
6.
A rich palynological assemblage consisting of algal remains (5 genera and 7 species, including dinoflagellate cysts), fungal spores (2 genera and 3 species), pteridophytic spores (5 genera and 8 species), gymnospermous pollen grains (3 genera and 3 species) and angiospermous pollen grains (17 genera and 22 species) has been recorded for the first time from the Miocene sediments exposed along Kullur-Kavur road, near Mangalore along the west coast of Karnataka. Among the important genera are: Achomosphaera, Leptodinium, Staphlosporonites, Hammenisporis, Polypodiaceaesporites, Quilonipollenites, Myricipites, Graminidites, Malvacearumpollis, Palaeomalvaceaepollis and Chenopodipollis. Qualitative and quantitative analyses reveal that the angiosperm pollen grains are dominant over pteridophytic spores and an overall, a warm and humid tropical-sub-tropical coastal climate with heavy precipitation is suggested for the site of deposition. The sediments were deposited in fluctuating conditions ranging from lacustrine to marine environments with fresh water swamps and ponds nearby. The occurrence of Hammenisporis, Polypodiaceaesporites, Quilonipollenites, Myricipites, Graminidites, Malvacearumpollis, Palaeomalvaceaepollis and Chenopodipollis in the present assemblage suggests an early Miocene age. A comparison of the present palynofloral assemblage with those known from the Indian Tertiary sediments shows its close resemblances with the Miocene palynoflora recovered from Quilon and Warkalli beds of Kerala basin. 相似文献
7.
Alloraphidia kyzylzharica sp. nov. is described from the Late Cretaceous (early Turonian) locality at Kyzylzhar, southern Kazakhstan. It is very similar to A. dorfi, but easily distinguished from it by wing shape and venation. We restrict the genus Alloraphidia to these two species. Ascalapharia raphidiformis is considered a member of Baissopteridae, sit. nov. Turonian Neuropterida are mainly characterized by a mixture of specialized genera of extinct families, and genera (sometimes modern) of highly advanced taxa, reflecting a sequence of global mid-Cretaceous crisis of non-marine biocoenoses. 相似文献
8.
The Family Afrograptidae is a ‘conchostracan’ group with multiple radial costae reaching to the umbo on their carapaces. It comprises four described genera: Afrograpta, Camerunograpta, Congestheriella and Graptoestheriella with a total of thirteen described species which are occasionally reported from the Jurassic and the Cretaceous in Africa, Europe and South America (i.e. Afrograpta from the Upper Cretaceous of Cameroon; Camerunograpta from the Jurassic to Cretaceous of Cameroon; Congestheriella from the Jurassic to Upper Cretaceous of the Congo Basin, Brazil, Bulgaria, Venezuela and Argentina; and Graptoestheriella from the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous of Brazil). A new genus and a new species, Surreyestheria ockleyensis gen. et sp. nov., belonging to the Family Afrograptidae from the Lower Cretaceous (lower Barremian) Upper Weald Clay Formation of Ockley Village, Surrey County, southern England is described in this paper. The new genus mainly differs from the other four genera by the special reticulate ornamentation on its carapace. It indicates that the Family Afrograptidae was more diverse and more widely distributed in the late Mesozoic than previously supposed. Afrograptidae is a special branch of Estheriellina the latter originating in the late Palaeozoic and the former in the early Mesozoic. Afrograptids, as a whole had been widespread across Pangea in the Early Jurassic. 相似文献
9.
Two new genera with two new species in Berothidae, Maculaberotha nervosa gen. et sp. nov. and Magniberotha recurrens gen. et sp. nov., are described from Upper Cretaceous Myanmar (Burmese) amber. Based on the new specimens of the same species, we propose some venational characters as intraspecific variations, e.g., the markings on the wings and crossveins in the radial sector. We also study and compare the female genital sclerites from three genera of Haploberotha, Dasyberotha, and Jersiberotha to highlight the importance of using these characters preserved in amber for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies. Furthermore, an updated key to the berothid genera of Myanmar amber is provided. 相似文献
10.
《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2021,132(4):426-437
Two new peculiar mid-Cretaceous braconid genera, Megalyrhyssalus gen. nov. (type species Megalyrhyssalus clavicornis sp. nov.) and Stephanorhyssalus gen. nov. (type species Stephanorhyssalus longiscapus sp. nov.), are described and illustrated from Burmese amber. According to the particular morphology and wing venation of Megalyrhyssalus gen. nov. a new subfamily Megalyrhyssalinae subfam. nov. is created. The subfamily Seneciobraconinae is synonymised under Protorhyssalinae (syn. nov.). Additionally, a key to the genera of Braconidae having second recurrent vein (2m-cu) in forewing is provided. 相似文献
11.
Christine Hallmann Jörg Rüdrich Matthias Enseleit Thomas Friedl Michael Hoppert 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,63(7-8):1701-1711
In the presented case study, ascomycete fungi and green algae on a marble monument were identified by comparisons of the 18S rRNA gene sequences, which were obtained from DNA either from environmental samples or from enrichment cultures. The organisms were found to be responsible for either black or green surface coverings on different areas of the monument surface. Most fungi were related to plant-inhabiting genera, corresponding to a heavy soiling of the marble surface with honeydew. Whereas green algae of the genera Stichococcus, Chloroidium and Apatococcus were found to be dominant in all samples, isolates of two additional genera were recovered only from enrichment cultures. A reference strain of Apatococcus lobatus and an isolate of Prasiolopsis sp. were investigated with respect to putative surface adhesive structures of the cell envelope. The Prasiolopsis cell walls were covered with a thin adhesive exopolysaccharide layer involved in biofilm formation. 相似文献
12.
Large igneous provinces (LIPs) are considered a relevant cause for mass extinctions of marine life throughout Earth’s history. Their flood basalts and associated intrusions can cause significant release of SO4 and CO2 and consequently, cause major environmental disruptions. Here, we reconstruct the long-term periodic pattern of LIP emplacement and its impact on ocean chemistry and biodiversity from δ34Ssulfate of the last 520 Ma under particular consideration of the preservation limits of LIP records. A combination of cross-wavelet and other time-series analysis methods has been applied to quantify a potential chain of linkage between LIP emplacement periodicity, geochemical changes and the Phanerozoic marine genera record. We suggest a mantle plume cyclicity represented by LIP volumes (V) of V = ?(350–770) × 103 km3 sin(2πt/170 Ma) + (300–650) × 103 km3 sin(2πt/64.5 Ma + 2.3) for t = time in Ma. A shift from the 64.5 Ma to a weaker ～28–35 Ma LIP cyclicity during the Jurassic contributes together with probably independent changes in the marine sulfur cycle to less ocean anoxia, and a general stabilization of ocean chemistry and increasing marine biodiversity throughout the last ～135 Ma. The LIP cycle pattern is coherent with marine biodiversity fluctuations corresponding to a reduction of marine biodiversity of ～120 genera/Ma at ～600 × 103 km3 LIP eruption volume. The 62–65 Ma LIP cycle pattern as well as excursion in δ34Ssulfate and marine genera reduction suggest a not-yet identified found LIP event at ～440–450 Ma. 相似文献
13.
The rhagionid Lebanoleptis huangi gen. et sp. nov. is described from the Lower Cretaceous amber of Lebanon. It is characterized, illustrated, and compared with the recent and fossil genera having the same particular absence of wing vein M3. Other Mesozoic flies with similar venation and currently attributed to the Rhagionidae are briefly discussed and should be revised. 相似文献
14.
A new fossil soldier beetle Myamalycocerus vitalii gen. et sp. nov., is described and illustrated from an inclusion in Upper Cretaceous Burmese amber (Myanmar). It differs from all extant genera that have elytra adorned with small striae by possessing raised punctation, very probably an ancient character as it is absent among current species. It differs from the fossil Ornatomalthinus Poinar et Fanti, by the long elytra and relief points which are less raised and more numerous. This new genus appears vaguely related (not necessarily phylogenetically) to the current genus Lycocerus Gorham. 相似文献
15.
The Cretaceous lacewing family Babinskaiidae comprises nine species in seven genera, of which two new genera and one new species are described herein: Parababinskaia elegans gen. et sp. nov. from the late Aptian Crato Formation of Brazil, and Pseudobabinskaia gen. nov. (with the only species Pseudobabinskaia martinsnetoi Lu et al., 2017, comb. nov.) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. The reduction of the veins AA2 and AA3 in the hind wing is an autapomorphy of the family. Babinskaiidae are most closely related to Nymphidae, and have probably evolved as a side branch of these. The superfamily Myrmeleontoidea is divided into two epifamilies: Nymphidoidae whose MP (or M) is long, not fused with CuA, and trichosors are present (Nymphidae, Babinskaiidae), and Myrmeleontoidae whose MP is crossvein-like, then fused with CuA, and trichosors are lost (Araripeneuridae, Ascalaphidae, Myrmeleontidae, Nemopteridae, Palaeoleontidae). The aligned crossveins 1r-m and 1m-cu in the forewing is probably the only venational autapomorphy of the Myrmeleontoidea. 相似文献
16.
A new larger benthic porcelaneous foraminifer of soritid affinity is described as Rajkanella hottingerinaformis n. gen., n. sp. from the middle-upper Cenomanian of Kosovo. It occurs in foraminiferal packstones and grainstones, in association with cuneolinids, rhapidionids, chrysalidinids, and other benthic foraminifers. Due to its general morphology and superficial chamber subdivision by exoskeletal elements, Rajkanella n. gen. can be compared with the early Paleogene genus Hottingerina Drobne, 1975, from which it mainly differs in its apertural features, ornamented test, and coiled adult stage. Further differences to coeval Pseudorhapydionina De Castro, 1971, Pseudorhipidionina De Castro, 1971, and to other comparable genera, are discussed. The discovery of Rajkanella hottingerinaformis in the middle-upper Cenomanian is a further witness of the significant radiation and blooming of increasingly complex porcelaneous foraminifers in inner platform, shallow-water depositional settings during that period. 相似文献
17.
Tong Bao Xuesong Zhang Katarzyna S. Walczyńska Bo Wang Jes Rust 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2019,130(2):247-256
Within this study the subfamily Praemordellinae is reviewed and the holotype of Praemordella martynovi Scegoleva-Barovskaja, 1929 is re-described. The genera Cretanaspis Huang and Yang, 1999, Mirimordella Liu et al., 2007, Bellimordella Liu et al., 2008 and Wuhua Wang and Zhang, 2011 is attributed to Praemordellinae. One new species, Wuhua peregrina sp. nov., is erected based on two well-preserved specimens from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou Biota (Inner Mongolia, China). The morphological characters of Praemordellinae are given and a key to genera of Praemordellinae is presented. Praemordellinae is closely related to extant Mordellidae in having humpbacked body, strongly deflexed head, filiform antennae and pectinate tarsal claws, but it is differing in that the pygidium absent and hind femora not well developed. It is also similar to Ripiphoridae in having a convex body and simple tarsi, but differs Ripiphoridae in having filiform antennae. Praemordellinae is probably a stem group including the ancestor of Mordellidae and Ripiphoridae. Also, within this paper, the fossil record of Mordellidae is summarized. 相似文献
18.
Although five genera of procyonids are currently present in South America, only two of the extant genera, Procyon and Nasua are represented in the South American fossil record. A recent discovery of a procyonid lower second molar in Late Pleistocene deposits of Aurora do Tocantins, northern Brazil, offers potential to further our understanding of the stratigraphic and temporal range of South American fossil procyonids. We use geometric morphometric analysis of two-dimensional landmarks and semilandmarks to explore morphological variation in the lower second molars of extant Procyon lotor and Procyon cancrivorus and multivariate methods to support the identification of the Pleistocene specimen as P. cancrivorus. This material represents the second fossil record of P. cancrivorus in South America Procyonids entered South America in two phases: the first comprising by Cyonasua and Chapadmalania during the Late Miocene, and the other recent genera, beginning in the Late Pleistocene. These Late Miocene procyonids were more carnivorous than Late Pleistocene-Recent omnivorous taxa and possible went extinct due to competition with other placental carnivorans that entered South America and diversified during the latest Pliocene-Early Pleistocene. 相似文献
19.
The new tribe Taimyralticini trib. nov., new genus Taimyraltica gen. nov. and new species Taimyraltica calcarata sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) are described from Upper Cretaceous (Santonian) Taimyr amber of northern Siberia (Yantardakh locality). The new genus shares characters with genera of the tribe Alticini (small size, transverse antebasal groove on pronotum, regular punctate-striate elytra) and the Galerucini (narrow, non-swollen metafemora). A possible apomorphy of the new genus and tribe is a large and acute metatibial spur, erect and oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis of tibia. This character state is unknown in recent and fossil genera of Galerucinae. Early evolution and divergence of leaf beetles are discussed, and a Jurassic and Early Cretaceous subfamily radiation is proposed. Fossil galerucines are reviewed. The oldest Phyllotreta is recorded from the lower Miocene of Izarra (Spain). Our findings show an extreme rarity of Phytophaga in Taimyr amber from Yantardakh. Absence of Phytophaga was recorded earlier at Obeschayuschiy (Santonian-Campanian of the Magadan Region) and compared with their much larger share in Khetana (north of Khabarovsk Krai); we find nearly the same differences between Taimyr amber from Yantardakh and Canadian amber. In Obeschayuschiy this appears due to the Mesophytic character of the flora. It is assumed that the Santonian amber gymnosperm forest of the Khatanga Basin had the same character. 相似文献
20.
The Agenian is the earliest Neogene European Land Mammal Age. It encompasses the mammalian zones MN1 (23.03–22.7 Ma) and MN2 (22.7–20.0 Ma) and roughly coincides with the Aquitanian standard age. Agenian mammalian assemblages from Western Europe encompass a mixture of rhinocerotid taxa of Oligocene affinities and of Miocene newcomers, mostly recorded in France, Germany, Switzerland, and to a lesser extent, Spain. Rhinocerotidae are documented by seven species referred to five genera (Pleuroceros pleuroceros, Protaceratherium minutum, Plesiaceratherium aquitanicum, Mesaceratherium paulhiacense, Diaceratherium lemanense, D. asphaltense, and D. aginense), further attesting to a low suprageneric diversity. Their systematics, morphology, ecology, stratigraphical and geographical ranges are detailed in the present article. Occurrences and geographical ranges of all seven rhinocerotid species are illustrated on palaeogeographical maps of the circum-Mediterranean region at 23 Ma (MN1) and 21 Ma (MN2). The richest Agenian localities (Paulhiac, MN1; Laugnac, MN2) record a specific diversity similar to that of Orleanian rhinocerotid assemblages, with up to five/six associated species. All Agenian rhinocerotid species from Western Europe are endemic to the concerned region, which is consistent with the complete geographic isolation of Western Europe by earliest Miocene times. However, all five genera are documented by twin species in coeval localities of South and Central Asia, which implies (1) vicariant speciation events by latest Oligocene times and (2) the existence of intermittent pathways for terrestrial megamammals such as rhinocerotids during the concerned interval. 相似文献