共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
水力和超载条件下锚固岩石边坡动态稳定性拟静力分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于极限平衡理论,综合考虑水力条件、坡顶超载、地震荷载效应和锚固效应对岩石边坡进行了全面的稳定性分析。计算给出了多影响因素条件下岩石边坡稳定性安全系数的表达式,并重点分析了几种相关参数组合对岩石边坡稳定性的影响。分析表明,坡顶张拉裂缝积水、地下水渗流作用、滑面出流缝被堵塞、地震影响效应不利于岩石边坡抗滑稳定性,而锚索锚固效应则对提高边坡抗滑稳定性有积极作用;坡顶张拉裂缝积水、滑面出流缝被堵塞、水平向地震影响效应都不利于岩石边坡抗倾覆稳定性,但锚索锚固效应、坡顶超载、与竖直方向地震效应则对提高边坡抗倾覆稳定性有益。最后针对工程实际,提出了相应的工程建议。 相似文献
2.
A sequence of amphibolite to granulite facies metasedimentary and mafic metaigneous rocks from the western Italian Alps has been analysed for rare earth elements (REE). In this sequence, the metasedimentary granulites have probably been affected by a melting event while the metaigneous granulites remained unaffected. Metasedimentary granulites have a less fractionated chondrite-normalized REE pattern than equivalent amphibolite facies rocks. The granulites tend to have a higher content of heavy REE and lower abundances of light REE (LREE). The leucosomes of migmatitic granulites have lower REE content than the melanocratic bands and both these rock types have variable relative abundances of Eu. The mafic granulites have LREE enriched patterns while the amphibolites are slightly depleted in LREE. The differences between the mafic granulites and amphibolites are probably of pre-metamorphic origin. 相似文献
3.
目前报道的不少实验成果,在得出粉土热物性指标和某一因素的关系时,并未保持其他影响因素固定不变,因而只能说明粉土热物性指标随影响因素的定性变化趋势。要建立热物性指标与影响因素间的确定性关系和推算公式,需要更为严格的实验,即研究某一影响因素时保持其他因素不变。通过一系列实验,对粉土试样的热导率进行研究,在排除孔隙比、干密度、土样成分等影响因素的情况下,独立分析了粉土的热导率与含水量间的关系。实验结果表明粉土的热导率随含水量的增大而增大,其变化规律与砂土一致,都符合对数变化规律,且整个变化过程可分为两个阶段。同时还分析了粉土的内在传热机制,有效描述和解释粉土热导率随含水量的变化规律。分析结果表明用对数形式来描述粉土热导率与含水量之间的关系是正确的。 相似文献
4.
宽线三维转换波资料处理方法及效果分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了三维转换波资料坐标旋转、面元划分及三维共转换点计算方法,即将每一个转换波共炮点道集内所有地震道进行坐标旋转,旋转后的转换波道集在炮检距、纵横波速度已知的条件下,用迭代方法计算三维转换点的平面坐标,并绘制在平面上.将平面分割为小的面元,凡是转换点在同一面元内的记录道都属于同一共反射点转换波道集,转换点面元大小与纵横波速度比有关.在上述研究的基础上,建立了宽线三维转换波资料处理流程,处理了某油田某地区的宽线转换波资料. 相似文献
5.
回顾了我所近十多年来对西北区前寒武纪地质研究工作所取得的重要进展。首次制定了《西北区前寒武系划分对比方案》,为进一步开展前寒武纪地质研究工作奠定了基础;相继发现(或肯定)了西北区晚前寒武纪冰碛层,建立了全区震旦系;分别在北山、龙首山、贺兰山、全吉及碧口等地区建立(或厘定)了前寒武系标准(或代表性)剖面,解决了一些长期没有解决的疑难问题;对西北区晚前寒武纪古生物取得了一些新的资料;并解决了一些地区重要矿产含矿层位的时代问题。 相似文献
6.
中国大陆斑岩铜矿资源潜力定量评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用美国"三部式"资源评价方法原理,对中国大陆斑岩铜矿成矿地质背景、时空分布规律、矿床模型等方面研究,圈出46个远景区;以中国1999年金属储量数据库和区划矿产地数据为基础,建立了铜矿数据库共984个,分不同类型进行品位吨位的研究,以此为基础构造出数字找矿模型和开发出矿产资源定量评价模型程序,并计算了每个远景区的概率资源量,为评估中国斑岩铜矿资源潜力提供了参照。 相似文献
7.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(6):716-721
Lomonosov is said to have implied appreciation of glaciation as a geologic process, to have proposed a system of evolution for land forms, and to have established the working concept of geographical analogy which the reviewer relates to Wegener's ideas on continental drift.--B. N. Cooper. 相似文献
8.
Hossein Molhem Mirsattar Meshinchi-Asl Mohammad Ali Jafarizadeh 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(8):2971-2979
Time domain electromagnetic (TDEM) response of a conductive permeable sphere is a main topic for good understanding and in developing past studies for detection and discrimination of buried metallic objects. Stochastic differential equation model is a valuable tool for stimulating real experience. In this paper, according to an Itô integral, we have obtained a weak approximation of stochastic TDEM response of permeable and nonpermeable sphere. We have used the deterministic solution of TDEM response of conductive permeable sphere by changing one of the variables that have been obtained from the boundary conditions of problem to random variable. By adding white noise to random variable and using stochastic integral, we have displayed stochastic time domain response of conductive permeable sphere. The Itô integral includes a factor that shows infirmity and intensity of noise which has been simply considered constant. Accordingly, we have showed the effect of noise for magnetic and nonmagnetic spheres. Numerical results from step and impulse response of TDEM have shown that the amount of this factor is different for the two types of spheres. 相似文献
9.
百年勘查成果与成矿规律之集大成——首部《中国矿产地质志》研编阶段性进展概述 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
继顾琅和鲁迅1906年出版《中国矿产志》以来的100多年中,中国社会发生了根本性改变,中华民族由半殖民地半封建国家逐步走上了康庄大道,矿产资源功不可没。根据《国土资源"十三五"规划纲要》"总结百年勘查成果和成矿规律"的要求,《中国矿产地质志》的各项研编工作全面部署,并取得实质性进展,截止目前共完成59部成果报告,取得了一系列重要成果:制定了统一的研编技术要求,清理出全国已发现矿产地近6.5万处,划分出18种矿床类型;修订和统一了部分省区的岩石地层划分方案和地层系统;划分或修正了大地构造单元和成矿区带,探讨了大地构造格局、演化与成矿作用,总结了重点Ⅲ级成矿区带成矿规律,建立了区域成矿模式和成矿谱系;完成了部分全国性、省级(单矿种)志书和普及本,获得了一批地球化学/年代学数据,深化了典型矿床和成矿规律研究,在钨、锡、锰、镍、银、锑矿等重要矿产矿床成因与成矿规律、华南洋构造演化与成矿、前寒武纪成矿等方面取得了一些创新性成果,不仅提升了矿床学理论研究水平,还指导了成矿预测和找矿勘查,普及了矿产知识,实现了边研编、边服务,取得了显著的社会效益。 相似文献
10.
South Africa’s cities have experienced dramatic changes over the past decade. Cities are now home to a multiracial population, and have been transformed by new forms of economic and social interaction. For some, these changes have become a significant source of fear and anxiety. In this paper, we examine reactions to urban spatial change in the city of Durban, as expressed in local newspapers and interviews with suburban residents. We describe how the discourses of urban change in Durban have centred on the increased presence of street traders within the city’s public spaces, and the various ways in which the activity of street trade has disrupted long-established modernist norms governing the occupation and use of the urban space. Specifically, we offer a detailed reading of three prominent narratives within the discussion of street traders in Durban--chaos, congestion and pollution. We argue that street traders have come to embody a wide range of more deeply seated cultural anxieties, which have been brought to the fore in the context of South Africa’s transition. These anxieties arise from the ways in which modern understandings of order, agency and subjectivity have been called into question by material changes in the city, and have implications for the nature of citizenship and civic engagement in post-apartheid South Africa. 相似文献
11.
Monica M. Grady 《Geology Today》2003,19(3):99-103
Over the past decade, planets have been discovered that orbit other stars, a vast ocean has been detected below the icy crust of Jupiter's satellite, Europa, and fossils have been reported in a rock from Mars. On Earth, micro-organisms have been identified that inhabit environments previously thought to be too inhospitable to support life. All these observations have helped to define the interdisciplinary subject that has come to be known as astrobiology. 相似文献
12.
13.
Austin Zwick 《GeoJournal》2018,83(4):679-691
The competitive pressures of neoliberal economies have compelled employers to devolve responsibilities to contractors and subcontractors. The rise information technology platforms have significantly accelerated this trend over past decade. “Sharing economy” companies have such widespread adoption of neoliberalism’s industrial relations that a new moniker—“the Gig Economy”—has taken root. Although shareholders and consumers have benefited, middle-class jobs have been squeezed in the process. This paper uses Uber as a case study to discuss how Sharing Economy entities are merely the latest iteration of companies to enact the neoliberal playbook, including (a) (mis)classifying workers, (b) engaging in regime shopping, and (c) employing the most economically vulnerable, rather than giving rise to a new world of work altogether. The result is a crowding out of middle-class employment by precarious ‘gigs’ that lack legal protections and benefits. 相似文献
14.
地裂缝从20世纪中期以来,发生频率及规模逐年加剧,已成为一种区域性的主要地质灾害。目前,山东省内已发现45处较大规模的地裂缝。该文对地裂缝形成特点及危害进行了介绍,分析了山东省已经发生的几次典型的地裂缝灾害,并提出了防治对策建议。 相似文献
15.
Argument rages in the media on the effects of road-building on sites of archaeological importance. Certainly there have been many cases where sites of value have been lost, but others where sites of importance have been revealed that would probably have gone undetected for a considerable time, if not for ever. One example of a lucky discovery arose from a proposal to widen the road between the towns of Tralee and Killarney in County Kerry, south-west Ireland. A preliminary archaeological survey carried out along the route in 1996 revealed an area of exceptional archaeological richness. What was particularly surprising was that one feature contained a significant collection of fossils used for funereal or ceremonial purposes. 相似文献
16.
He, Ne and Ar isotopes have been measured in six, and 26Al in two diogenites. Cosmic-ray exposure ages corrected for shielding effects using 22Ne/21Ne ratios are generally concordant. Five diogenites have a group age of 14 Myr and three others may have a group age of 24 Myr, implying that two collisions may have produced 8 of the 9 diogenites. 相似文献
17.
作者近20年来在中国浙江省发现多处大型古地下工程洞室群,包括3 000余个古洞室。通过现场调查发现,在这些古洞室群中,既有迄今为止所发现的最大跨度为92 m的天台县黑洞大型古地下采石场洞室,又有最大高度为99 m的长屿硐天水云硐古地下采石场洞室,还有洞壁刻凿最为华丽的龙游石窟古地下洞室。这些洞室均具有共同的特点:始采于几百年-几千年,即均保持了上千年的稳定;它们又具有各自独特的结构:斜墙、鱼尾形柱托、斜顶、穹顶、肋形仰拱,洞间隔墙,洞间水平隔板等等。研究表明,这些独特的结构均对洞室的长期稳定起到了至关重要的作用;除此之外,在这些古地下洞室群中还发现了古人高超的测量技术、开凿技术和防水技术等。这些保持了上千年稳定的无支护大跨度人工洞室群,对现代岩石力学有着诸多启示。然而,随着对这些洞室群的发现及旅游开发,各种破坏现象已经产生,严重威胁着这些古工程遗迹的稳定和安全,同时也对如何开展大跨度人工洞室群的长期保护提出了新课题和新挑战。 相似文献
18.
《Gondwana Research》2015,27(3-4):1216-1221
A country's natural and cultural heritage is created in a unique environment, and for this heritage to survive, it must be preserved in a similar environment. In China, 60 years of afforestation to combat desertification near the Mogao Grottoes and the Crescent Moon Spring have shown that attempts to protect the regional environment have not protected these heritage sites, and may actually have endangered them. Conserving the environment's original state may be the most effective solution for heritage conservation where sites have survived under a specific set of physical and environmental conditions for hundreds or thousands of years and may not be able to survive a new environment. Man-made changes should only be attempted with great care to avoid damaging the conditions that have preserved the natural or cultural heritage in the long term. 相似文献
19.
B. L. Beard Kathy N. Fraracci Robert A. Clayton Toshiko K. Mayeda G. A. Snyder N. V. Sobolev L. A. Taylor 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1996,125(4):293-310
Diamond-bearing eclogites are an important component of the xenoliths that occur in the Mir kimberlite, Siberian platform,
Russia. We have studied 16 of these eclogite xenoliths, which are characterized by coarse-grained, equigranular garnet and
omphacite. On the basis of compositional variations in garnet and clinopyroxene, this suite of eclogites can be divided into
at least two groups: a high-Ca group and a low-Ca group. The high-Ca group consists of high-Ca garnets in equilibrium with
pyroxenes that have high Ca-ratios [Ca/(Ca+Fe+Mg)] and high jadeite contents. These high-Ca group samples have high modal%
garnet, and garnet grains often are zoned. Garnet patches along rims and along amphibole- and phlogopite-filled veins have
higher Mg and lower Ca contents compared to homogeneous cores. The low-Ca group consists of eclogites with low-Ca garnets
in equilibrium with pyroxenes with a low Ca-ratio, but variable jadeite contents. These low-Ca group samples typically have
low modal% of garnet, and garnets are rarely compositionally zoned. Three samples have mineralogic compositions and modes
transitional to the high- and low-Ca groups. We have arbitrarily designated these samples as the intermediate-Ca group. The
rare-earth-element (REE) contents of garnet and clinopyroxene have been determined by ion microprobe. Garnets from the low-Ca
group have low LREE contents and typically have [Dy/Yb]n < 1. The high-Ca group garnets have higher LREE contents and typically have [Dy/Yb]n > 1. Garnets from the intermediate-Ca group have REE contents between the high- and low-Ca groups. Clinopyroxenes from the
low-Ca group have convex-upward REE patterns with relatively high REE contents (ten times chondrite), whereas those from the
high-Ca group have similar convex-upward shapes, but lower REE contents, approximately chondritic. Reconstructed bulk-rock
REE patterns for the low-Ca group eclogites are relatively flat at approximately ten times chondrite. In contrast, the high-Ca
group samples typically have LREE-depleted patterns and lower REE contents. The δ18O values measured for garnet separates range from 7.2 to 3.1‰. Although there is a broad overlap of δ18O between the low-Ca and high-Ca groups, the low-Ca group samples range from mantle-like to high δ18O values (4.9 to 7.2‰), and the high-Ca group garnets range from mantle-like to low δ18O values (5.3 to 3.1‰). The oxygen isotopic compositions of two of the five high-Ca group samples and four of the eight low-Ca
group eclogites are consistent with seawater alteration of basaltic crust, with the low-Ca group eclogites representative
of low-temperature alteration, and the high-Ca group samples representative of high-temperature hydrothermal seawater alteration.
We interpret the differences between the low- and high-Ca group samples to be primarily a result of differences in the protoliths
of these samples. The high-Ca group eclogites are interpreted to have protoliths similar to the mid to lower sections of an
ophiolite complex. This section of oceanic crust would be dominated by rocks which have a significant cumulate component and
would have experienced high-temperature seawater alteration. Such cumulate rocks probably would be LREE-depleted, and can
be Ca-rich because of plagioclase or clinopyroxene accumulation. The protoliths of the low-Ca group eclogites are interpreted
to be the upper section of an ophiolite complex. This section of oceanic crust would consist mainly of extrusive basalts that
would have been altered by seawater at low temperatures. These basaltic lavas would probably have relatively flat REE patterns,
as seen for the low-Ca group eclogites.
Received: 10 July 1995 / Accepted: 17 May 1996 相似文献
20.
对具有不同地质历史背景的3类40Ar/39Ar法样品中的40Ar和39Ar释出特征进行对比,研究结果表明,40Ar/39Ar法样品中的40Ar、39Ar释气曲线主要表现为以下3种形式:完全重合型、过剩氩型和不规则型。当40Ar与39Ar释气曲线呈完全重合型时,40Ar/39Ar法全熔年龄代表了岩体的形成年龄;当40Ar、39Ar释气曲线是过剩氩型时,40Ar/39Ar法全熔年龄则大于岩体的形成年龄;当40Ar与39Ar释气曲线呈不规则型时,表明样品中的放射成固氩(40Ar*)发生了丢失,其全熔年龄一般较岩体的形成年龄小。对于40Ar、39Ar释气曲线呈过剩氩型的样品,40Ar/39Ar法年龄谱通常呈马鞍形,且马鞍形年龄谱的底部年龄一般都具有地质意义,代表了岩体的形成年龄。对于40Ar、39Ar释气曲线呈不规则型的样品,对其年龄谱的解释应持谨慎态度。 相似文献