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三江平原湿地消长与区域气候变化关系研究 总被引：34，自引：0，他引：34
以遥感手段为主,提取近20年来多个时期三江平原湿地变化动态数据。将湿地动态数据与历年气象数据相对变化比较处理后,再作灰色关联分析,可以发现它们之间的相互关系。研究表明三江平原湿地面积减小迅速,三江平原区域气候环境变化剧烈,超过全球气候变化速度。通过灰色关联分析可以发现,湿地在维持区域"冷湿"效应中作用突出,三江平原湿地的变化与气温变化成负相关,与降水、湿度变化成正相关。湿地消长与气候要素中的降水因子的相关关系最大,与日照因子相关关系较低,与降雪因子几乎无关。 相似文献
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增大液动射流式冲击器单次冲击功的试验研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
:试验结果发现 ,当行程加大时 ,获得较高的冲锤末速度 (5 .43m/s) ,单次冲击功 34 6 .45J。当活塞运动所需瞬时流量已大大超过了水泵供水的供给量时 ,冲击器仍能稳定地工作 ,这体现了射流冲击器作为一开放的系统所特有的流量可自动补偿的优点。射流冲击器对负载的适应能力较高 ,且在大行程条件下 ,增加锤重可较大幅度地提高单次冲击功。 相似文献
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John W. Handmer 《GeoJournal》1995,37(3):355-368
Sydney is the largest city in Oceania (the Australia — south Pacific region). During its existence of more than 200 years the city has suffered many emergencies and many psycho-social and media crises — but has escaped major disaster in the sense of deaths or economic loss. Does this indicate that disaster vulnerability has been managed well, or simply that Sydney has been fortunate? The evidence suggests that the natural environment is relatively benign. With some important exceptions, such as flooding, management has rested largely on emergency response, and on handling the residual risk through increasingly sophisticated loss redistribution mechanisms. For the more obvious “natural” hazards this approach has worked so far. But the approach appears to be incapable of dealing with many of the more insidious slow-onset hazards such as environmental degradation and social inequality. Unfortunately these are among the constituent issues of sustainability. 相似文献
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河北洞子沟银多金属矿矿物标型特征及找矿意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对洞子沟银矿床黄铁矿成分、热电性标型、石英微量元素和热发光特征测试,发现2、3号矿体石英微量化学Co/Ni平均值为0.33,具层控矿化的特点;据矿床地球化学特征推断洞子沟银矿床成因与海相火山无关,认为洞子沟银矿床具备典型沉积改造型层控矿床基本特征.黄铁矿热电性标型为低值N型,石英热发光曲线出现双峰,峰形较正常等显示洞子沟银矿本区深部具较好找矿远景. 相似文献
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Changes of the Hailuogou Glacier, Mt. Gongga,China, against the Background of Global Warming in the Last Several Decades 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Great change, associated with global warming, has occurred at the Hailuogou (海螺沟)has retreated 1 822 m in the past 106 years, with an annual mean retreat of 17.2 m, and the front elevation has risen by 300 m since 1823. Comparison of glacier variations and temperature fluctuations in China and the Northern Hemisphere, over the last 100 years, indicates that glacier retreat stages occurred during the warm phase, and vice versa. Mass balance records during 1959/60--2003/04 have shown that the glacier has suffered a constant mass loss of snow and ice. The accumulated mass balance, -10.83 m water equivalent, indicates an annual mean value of -0.24 m water equivalent. The correlation between the mass balance and temperature is significant, which also indicates that climate warming is the crucial cause of glacier loss.Local hydrological and climatic data demonstrate that runoff from the glacier has been increasing both seasonally and annually.The correlation analysis and trend analysis indicate that ice and snow melted water is the main cause of an increase in the runoff. As the climate has become warmer, changes in the glacier surface morphology have obviously occurred. These include a decrease in glacier thickness, enlargement of glacial caves, and reduction of the size of clefts on the glacier surface. The ablation period has lengthened and the ablation area has expanded. A variety of factors thus provide evidence that the Hailuogou glacier has suffered a rapid loss of snow and ice as a result of climatic warming. 相似文献
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我国电气石矿产资源开发前景分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
电气石是近年来开发的重要的新型功能矿物材料。文章论述了我国电气石矿产的类型、成矿特点及电气石矿产产出时空分布特征,表明我国具有电气石矿产资源优势。同时介绍了电气石矿物功能特性和电气石应用产品,展现我国电气石资源开发应用前景。 相似文献
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基于转角随机的Monte Carlo搜索技术（AbdallahⅠ．Husein，2001）有两点不足：（1）计算结果随机，（2）当坡体介质较为复杂时，容易陷入局部极值。因此对该法进行了改进，将随机转角变为常值转角，使之成为确定性方法。算例分析表明：改进后的Monte Carlo搜索技术兼具Random Walking（逐渐逼进）与Random Jumping（均匀扫描）双重特性，这种特性使得改进MC能兼顾计算精度与效率。且更不易受初始滑面的影响，具有更强的适应性。尽管旋转角的大小对改进MC的计算结果有一定的影响，但并不敏感，实际边坡工程只需选择若干个试算角度便能得到较为满意的结果，除非坡体介质有狭长软弱层，此时要适当增加试算角度或改变初始滑面的位置。 相似文献
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Industrial decentralisation (ID) has been a central component of South Africa's regional strategy for over twenty years. Until recently, though, the programme has evinced little interest amongst industrialists. The fact that ID policy has been premised upon political rather than economic considerations has been thought to lie at the root of this failure. Following recent developments, however, this view is being reassessed. The reorganisation of ID policy in 1982 and the dramatic acceleration in the rate of industrial relocations that this reorganisation appears to have induced, has led theorists to revise their thinking on both the economic and political imperatives underpinning the programme. The purpose of this paper is to review the debates that are now developing concerning ID in South Africa, and to suggest where further research and analysis might be most profitably directed. 相似文献
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Slope stability analysis: a support vector machine approach 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Pijush Samui 《Environmental Geology》2008,56(2):255-267
Artificial Neural Network (ANN) such as backpropagation learning algorithm has been successfully used in slope stability problem.
However, generalization ability of conventional ANN has some limitations. For this reason, Support Vector Machine (SVM) which
is firmly based on the theory of statistical learning has been used in slope stability problem. An interesting property of
this approach is that it is an approximate implementation of a structural risk minimization (SRM) induction principle that
aims at minimizing a bound on the generalization error of a model, rather than minimizing only the mean square error over
the data set. In this study, SVM predicts the factor of safety that has been modeled as a regression problem and stability
status that has been modeled as a classification problem. For factor of safety prediction, SVM model gives better result than
previously published result of ANN model. In case of stability status, SVM gives an accuracy of 85.71%. 相似文献
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通过4种变形标距的弹性模量试验,研究了塑性混凝土弹性模量的合适测试方法。塑性混凝土棱柱体试件设置300mm、200mm、150mm和100mm共4种测试标距,其中300mm标距下的力和位移数据采用计算机自动采集,其余标距采用人工读数。结果表明,利用自动采集数据模式测得塑性混凝土弹性模量值最稳定,且其值远远小于人工读数模式下的值;一般而言,测试标距小,弹性模量值大,全长标距下弹性模量值最小;利用自动采集数据模式下得到单轴压缩应力应变曲线具有典型初始压缩弯曲段、较长的下降段,而人工读数下几乎不能测出初始压缩弯曲段,而主要表现为较长直线上升段。分析了塑性混凝土利用普通混凝土弹性模量计算公式的不足,提出利用其单轴峰值强度的0.3倍、0.7倍对应的点计算其弹性模量。同时提出室内测试塑性混凝土弹性模量试验时不需预压。 相似文献
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Amber has fascinated people since the Stone Age and as one of the best means of preservation of fossil organisms, it tickles our senses. The animals that are sometimes trapped in amber, like frozen moments of long‐lost ecosystems, can be so incredibly well preserved that they look modern—which, in some cases, has proven to be just the case. Because fossil‐bearing amber not only has a significant scientific value but is also a desired commodity on the open market, fake amber has unfortunately been around for centuries. 相似文献
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宣汉双石庙地区纵弯褶皱叠加特征及应力场、应变场分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对川东北双石庙地区横跨褶皱特征作了详细论述,对其早晚两期褶皱形成时应变力场特征进行了较深入的讨论,并对岩石有限应变进行了Fry法研究、分析,指出了单个褶曲为平面应变,且核部应变程度大于翼部,复合地区应变程度大于非复合地区等特点。 相似文献
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应用边坡可靠性分析中常用的蒙特卡罗法,并结合稳定性计算的剩余推力法和Sarma法,研究随机地震作用下边坡的可靠性。以三峡库区黄土坡滑坡为例,分析了地震效应对边坡稳定性的影响。计算结果表明:地震加速度对滑坡稳定性影响显著;竖向地震加速度小于水平地震加速度2/3时,对滑坡稳定性影响较小,大于水平加速度时,对滑坡稳定性影响明显。因此在一般工程设计中,可以只考虑水平向的地震作用,而对于设计烈度较大的大型工程,则应同时考虑水平向和垂直向的地震作用。 相似文献
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根据内蒙古东南部早前寒武纪孔兹岩系研究，指出变质流体在变质作用过程中对脱水变质反应的平衡温度具有明显的控制作用，并以热力学理论对这种控制作用的机制和程度加以解释和计算，据此阐明变质流体在划分变质相等方面的重要意义。 相似文献