共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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高温地热钻井过程中,温度会对泡沫钻井液体系稳定性造成影响。针对高温地热井泡沫钻井液的技术要点,分别对发泡剂、稳泡剂、抗温土的优选,在此基础之上分别对泡沫钻井液的抗高温性能、抗污染能力进行了评价。实验结果表明:(1)优选出的发泡剂/聚合物/粘土体系在不同温度下进行测试,均具有良好的泡沫稳定性和发泡能力,说明初步形成的泡沫体系具有良好的抗230℃高温的能力。(2)通过模拟欠平衡钻进过程中地热水对泡沫钻井液体系的污染发现,该体系耐一价盐能达到20%,而且在加入5%CaCl_2后析液半衰期仍在5 min以上,最终形成一套抗高温能力可达230℃,具有较好悬浮携带能力的地热井抗高温环保钻井液体系。 相似文献
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低温泡沫钻进技术除了具有岩心采取率高、钻进效率高和孔内事故少的特点之外,还具有低导热性、低热容量及对钻井孔壁的热干扰小等特点。低温泡沫系统由空压机、泡沫液罐、热交换器、泡沫发生器和参数监测系统组成。通过对泡沫液和空气制冷后,经发泡器混合后可获得低温泡沫。利用低温泡沫作为冲洗介质进行取心钻进,孔内返出的泡沫经消泡后,可再次循环利用。该技术在漠河盆地冻土井工程中进行了应用,经试验数据分析,低温泡沫对冻土层温度的影响极小,岩心采取率高,满足冻土层取心钻进工作的要求。 相似文献
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氯化聚乙烯的拉伸性、耐候性、耐臭氧性、耐热性、耐寒性、阻燃性、颜色稳定性均为优良。氯化聚乙烯辐照交联发泡法与化学交联发泡法相比,更容易操作,发泡效果更好,与物理发泡法相比,对设备的要求相对较低。主要研究辐射交联发泡的发泡材料凝胶含量与发泡的关系,辐射交联度与发泡形态的关系以及发泡温度对发泡材料的影响。 相似文献
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泡沫油在天然能量开采过程中具有"原油粘度高、生产气油比低、原油日产水平高、产量递减慢、天然能量开采采收率高"等特有的开采特征;而泡沫的稳定性是决定"泡沫油现象"存在时间长短的最关键因素。为定量描述泡沫稳定性的主控因素,自主研制了高温高压泡沫油可视化稳定性测试模型,并利用该模型开展了温度、溶解气油比、降压速度及孔隙尺寸对泡沫稳定性的单因素影响规律评价实验。实验结果表明,泡沫油中泡沫稳定存在的最高温度为60℃,最低极限原始溶解气油比为5 m3/m3,最低降压速度为0.08 MPa/min;同时发现,在越接近油藏实际孔隙尺寸的多孔介质中,泡沫的存在时间越长,表明在实际油藏天然能量开发过程中,"泡沫油现象"将会长期存在。以上认识有效地指导了MPE-3油藏天然能量开发,对于类似稠油/超稠油油藏确定合理的开发操作策略,实现经济高效开发具有重要指导意义。 相似文献
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为了研究贮能管对消泡器消泡能力的影响,进行了消泡器消泡能力室内试验.通过试验可知,贮能管的长度对泡沫的消泡率有很大影响.试验证明,随着贮能管长度变短,泡沫稳定性增大,消泡率提高.对不同长度(1 m、2 m、8 m)贮能管的消泡率进行测试,结果是当贮能管长度为1 m、直径为20 cm时,其消泡率最高,达到73%左右.另外消泡率与气液比有关,当气液比α= 100～200时,消泡率较高.同时借助FLUENT软件对该管中泡沫流动速度与泡沫压力变化进行了数值模拟分析.结果表明:泡沫流动速度与贮能管的长度及直径无关,而泡沫压力随着贮能管的长度变小而更加稳定,这有利于提高消泡效果.模拟结果与实验结果相符. 相似文献
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泡沫镍基P-25薄膜光催化降解水中喹啉 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了提高TiO2薄膜的光催化效率和使用稳定性,采用浸渍涂布法将粉体P-25 TiO2负载在泡沫镍基片上,制备泡沫镍基负载P-25薄膜光催化材料,利用XPS和FE-SEM分析了薄膜的晶相和形貌,并考察了不同条件下P-25薄膜对水中喹啉的降解效能。研究发现：P-25薄膜均匀覆盖泡沫镍基片表面,薄膜呈混晶结构,表面呈现微裂痕。实验表明：增大光照强度和曝气量能够明显提高水中喹啉的光催化降解率;低pH有利于水中喹啉的去除;初始浓度和温度不是光催化反应的主控因子;曝气产生的吹脱、扰动和水力紊流效应对光催化反应的影响不明显。结果显示：不改变水溶液温度和pH条件下,P-25薄膜对水中喹啉有良好的去除效果,并可多次重复使用。 相似文献
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在泡沫复合驱油矿场试验过程中,由于压缩机注入压力以及现有注采工艺技术的限制,导致泡沫复合驱实际应用方案与实验方案有很大差异。为了正确评价试验效果,本文对泡沫复合驱应用方案进行了室内模拟评价,认为气液比是影响驱替效果最为重要的因素。随着气液比的下降,最终采出程度是下降的,气液交替周期对泡沫复合驱的影响非常明显。同时还进行了不同渗透率油层泡沫复合驱效果、泡沫复合驱和普通的三元复合驱油效果对比评价,认为相比于普通的ASP复合驱,泡沫复合驱技术具有明显的优势。这一试验对今后泡沫复合驱技术的进一步发展具有意义。 相似文献
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利用分子模拟软件Materials Studio（MS）建立了一定温度、压力条件下,考虑含水煤层、泡沫压裂液起泡剂、稳泡剂相互作用的狭缝孔分子模拟模型。基于分子扩散理论计算并评价了分别在常见的4种起泡剂以及4种稳泡剂影响下的甲烷分子扩散能力大小。结果表明,与原始含水煤层相比,加入起泡剂十二烷基磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠和甜菜碱后,甲烷自扩散系数分别降低了71.3%、74.7%、56.3%和54.0%。相比于仅加入起泡剂（十二烷基苯磺酸钠）的情况下,加入稳泡剂聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇和羧甲基纤维素后,甲烷自扩散系数分别降低了63.2%、57.9%、55.3%和71.1%。据此可知,起泡剂是降低含水煤层中甲烷扩散能力的主要因素,而稳泡剂的使用会进一步降低甲烷扩散能力。在起泡剂和稳泡剂的共同影响下,甲烷自扩散系数降低超过了80%,这对煤层气产出极为不利。建议在保证泡沫压裂液泡沫性能前提下,通过优化起泡剂分子结构、减少用量以减小起泡剂和稳泡剂对甲烷扩散的影响,并尽量避免使用大分子稳泡剂。 相似文献
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泡沫潜孔锤应用于水文水井钻探的钻进工艺初探 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
泡沫潜孔锤是将普通潜孔锤的工作介质从单一流体(空气)变成两相流体的压缩泡沫,并以泡沫作为动力介质驱动潜孔锤工作的新型工艺方法.从分析泡沫潜孔锤的结构特点和工作原理出发,结合室内实验,在钻进设备的配套、灌注系统的设计、钻进规程参数的选择等方面,对泡沫潜孔锤应用于水文水井钻探的钻进工艺进行了研究.结果表明,泡沫潜孔锤钻进技术有着广泛的应用前景. 相似文献
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Foaming injected gas is a useful and promising technique for achieving mobility control in porous media. The foam flow is influenced by the foam ability, stability, bubble size and the grain size of the porous media. In this study, the effects of two surfactants, their concentrations, foam quality (gas content) and the additive on the foam ability and stability are evaluated. The results show that the better ability and stability of foam can be obtained through regulating the parameters mentioned above. The permeability test indicates that the foam possesses a lower flow rate than the surfactant solution. Not only that, the conductivity discrepancy among three sands is also reduced when foam is present. The primary mechanism for foam flow in different type of unconsolidated sand is Jamin effect which depends on the foam ability and stability. Experimental determination of the foam distribution and morphology in heterogeneous pores, via two-dimension sand plate by means of stereoscopic microscope is carried out to explain the effect of foam size–bubble size relationship on Jamin effect. The results show that when the bubbles are adequately stable, the flow behavior (transfiguration and fracture) of foam is determined by the relationship between the foam size and the pore size. The resistances arising from transfiguration and fracture lead to different foam conductivity in three sands. The more decrease of discrepancy between medium and fine sand is caused by the fact that transfiguration is able to generate more resistance than fracture. 相似文献
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C. Lv J. Chen X. Wang 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2017,14(3):631-638
The aim of this study was to select the appropriate surfactant for the remediation of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane-contaminated soil using an in situ foam-flushing technique. The research investigated the performance of the nonionic surfactants polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether, polysorbate, and polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, as well as the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate, in foam static characteristics, solubility enhancement of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, adsorption loss onto soil, and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane desorption from contaminated soil using a foam-flushing approach. Considering the above four criteria, the overall performance suggested polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether should be selected for the remediation of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane-contaminated soil due to its better foamability and stability, relatively high solubilization ability for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, and greatest contaminant desorption efficiency from soil via foam flushing. Results of the dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane desorption experiments showed that desorption efficiency of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane by different surfactants was largely influenced by foam static characteristics and solubility enhancement of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane rather than adsorption loss onto soil, which indicated that foam static characteristics and solubilization ability of surfactants were two key criteria for selection of high-performance foam surfactant. 相似文献
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T. Dunkel E. L. de León Gallegos C. Bock A. Lange D. Hoffmann J. Boenigk M. Denecke 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2018,15(6):1139-1158
In this study, Illumina sequencing was used for the identification of bulking and foaming bacteria in industrial wastewater treatment plants. The reliable identification of bulking and foaming bacteria represents the first step in developing effective and specific control strategies to avoid disturbances in activated sludge systems. Illumina sequencing revealed 432 16S rRNA operational taxonomic units, representing phylotypes and including 21 bulking and foaming bacteria in the two investigated industrial wastewater treatment plants. Foaming represents the most severe problem in the cascade biology system. Up to 22.5% of all sequencing reads are bulking and foaming bacteria, including Chryseobacterium, Candidatus Microthrix parvicella and Gordonia sp. as the dominant bulking and foaming bacteria which are known for foam formation. Moreover, Illumina sequencing revealed an increase in Candidatus Microthrix parvicella and Gordonia sp. reads from activated sludge to foam and scum samples, indicating a preferred flotation and/or growth advantages in the foam and scum layers. Analyses of the taxonomic assignment and distribution showed that the phylum Actinobacteria is the most dominant phylum, underlining the key role of Actinobacteria in bulking and foaming. Multivariate data analysis was applied, revealing that the dominant bulking and foaming bacteria are positively correlated with the sludge age and influent flow and negatively correlated with the dissolved oxygen level and the temperature. In terms of developing a specific control strategy, the positive linear relationships to the fatty acid and surfactant sludge loadings are highlighted and the removal of lipid compounds from the wastewater influent could avoid an overgrowth of bulking and foaming bacteria. 相似文献
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在泡沫钻进过程中,现有的消泡器往往不能很好地达到消泡的目的。笔者建立了消泡器室内试验台,进行了消泡压力对消泡器消泡能力的影响试验,通过测试不同压力与不同泵转速确定了消泡压力与消泡率的关系,同时借助FLUENT软件对消泡器的扩散管和消泡管内部的压力分布,进行了数值模拟与分析。根据分析结果对消泡器进行了优化设计,将消泡管的长度从15cm增加至65cm。对改进后的消泡器进行室内试验,其消泡率达到80%左右。 相似文献
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Investigation on foaming properties of some organics for oily bubble bitumen flotation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Studies have shown that using organic coated bubbles (“oily” bubbles) could increase bitumen recovery rate in flotation. One way to coat bubbles is that used in the air-assisted solvent extraction process where solvent foam is formed and injected through a capillary to release solvent coated bubbles in a controlled manner into the aqueous system. To investigate adapting this approach, the foaming properties of some organics (Hexane, Heptane, Hexadecane, Petroleum Ether, Toluene, Benzene and Kerosene and their binary mixtures) of potential interest in oily bubble bitumen flotation were investigated. Silicone oil was found to be a good foaming agent in some cases. Bubble stability and film thickness experiments were carried out to help select candidate organics. Surface tension and dynamic viscosity measurements were conducted to examine the mechanism of foaming. Attachment studies showed that droplets of the selected organics readily attached to a bitumen surface compared to air bubbles. From a combination of criteria, 25:75 Hexadecane/Heptane appears to be a promising candidate. 相似文献
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以长庆某致密油井区取心样品、注入水与地层水、优选的空气泡沫体系等为基础,利用一维长岩心驱替实验装置开展了致密油储层基质与裂缝岩心分别注入纯泡沫液、空气与空气泡沫的注入能力实验,揭示在实际储层条件下,空气泡沫体系无法直接进入致密油基质岩心,但由于泡沫剂受到储层吸附,消泡后的纯泡沫液与气体可以顺利注入致密油基质岩心实现稳定驱替。设计并开展了基质渗透率级差为10、基质与裂缝双重发育的三管并联岩心驱替实验,明确了空气泡沫封堵裂缝调驱机理。泡沫流体主要进入裂缝岩心并有效封堵裂缝,部分泡沫消泡后形成的泡沫液与空气进入并驱替基质中的剩余油,最终空气泡沫驱残余油饱和度比水驱降低了21.12%,驱油效率提高了32.89%,改善水驱后开发效果明显;为避免暴性水淹的低效阶段,应在含水90%以前尽早转入空气泡沫驱,提高采油速度与经济效益。 相似文献