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基于上海某工程超长桩载荷试验成果,采用Boltzmann数学模型拟合了桩侧土和桩端土的荷载传递函数,进而采用有限杆单元法和荷载传函数分析了单桩荷载传递机理.结果显示,基于试桩成果拟合得到的Boltzmann荷载传递函数,可以较好的用于模拟单桩Q-S曲线及侧摩阻力发挥过程,由于桩侧摩阻力与桩土相对位移接近理想弹塑性的函数关系、桩身材料的非线性等因素,会导致模拟的单桩Q-S曲线与实测结果存在差异. 相似文献
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注浆成型螺纹桩为一种利用施工工艺创新,结合钻孔灌注和二次注浆技术的新型螺纹抗拔桩型,目前已在软土地区开展应用。为了对其受力承载特性深入研究,使该桩型得到广泛推广,通过数值分析方法对其抗拔性能和承载机制进行了三维有限元数值模拟。首先,通过数值模拟桩-土界面室内大型直剪试验得到了有限元分析需要的桩-土接触面参数,而后将得到的参数带入注浆成型螺纹桩抗拔三维有限元数值模型,通过计算得到了不同距径比S/D(即螺距与桩径的比值)螺纹桩的抗拔荷载-位移曲线和轴力分布,并观察了抗拔过程中桩周土体塑性变形的发展。数值分析表明,螺纹桩与桩周土体的机械咬合作用增大了桩侧摩阻力,从而使桩体极限抗拔承载力较等截面圆桩提高约25倍;同时,其承载能力与桩体的S/D有关,当S/D取最优时,荷载-位移曲线的初始切向刚度最大,极限承载力最高,桩周土体形成的连续拱形破坏区域最大。 相似文献
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为了研究竖向荷载作用下桩的变形特征及桩身内力的分布规律,本文基于现场单桩静载试验及数值模拟研究了桩的Q-S曲线特征及桩的内力分布形态。结果表明：(1)当荷载级别达到130 t时,桩的侧壁摩阻力未能充分发挥作用。因此单桩的极限承载力远大于设计值;(2)数值模拟得到的单桩桩顶最大沉降值为15 mm,而实测值桩顶最大位移12.5 mm,两者的相对误差在10%以内。总体来看数值模拟的计算是合理有效的;(3)采用数值模拟对试验结果进行了验证分析。证明数值模拟的合理性。此外,对于黏性土而言,由于桩土极限位移介于6～10 mm,但桩在最大一级荷载下,未能达到上限值,因此侧壁摩阻力只能分担总荷载的40%。 相似文献
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通过现场实测的增强型桩和光圆型桩静压试验和桩身内力测试数据,探讨了增强型桩的荷载传递规律。为研究增强型管桩竖向承载特性,将增强型管桩纵向凸肋按截面积计入桩体刚度,而环向凸肋对桩侧土的作用通过桩侧摩阻提高系数来反映;以荷载传递函数的双曲线模型为基础,建立了适用于增强型桩的荷载-沉降关系的计算迭代模型。结合现场静载试验获得的荷载-沉降曲线和桩身轴力分布曲线,反分析确定传递函数的计算参数。应用结果表明,本文方法确定的荷载-沉降曲线和桩身内力分布与实测值吻合较好,具有较好的实用性。 相似文献
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基于虚土桩模型,分析了层状地基中桩端土性对单桩沉降特性的影响。首先,以虚土桩扩散角反映桩端土层应力扩散效应,将桩端一定锥角范围内由桩端至基岩面的土体视为虚土桩,并根据其变截面特性,将虚土桩沿纵向划分为有限个微元段。然后,对桩及虚土桩桩侧土体采用理想弹塑性荷载传递模型,利用荷载传递法,推导了层状地基中以桩侧土塑性发展深度为变量的单桩荷载-沉降递推计算方法,并进一步得到了桩身轴力及桩侧摩阻力递推计算式。在此基础上,给出了荷载传递模型参数选取方法,并分析了虚土桩临界深度的影响因素及由实测荷载-沉降曲线反演虚土桩扩散角的可行性。最后,利用该方法分析了桩端沉渣和软弱下卧层对荷载-沉降曲线的影响。结果表明,考虑桩端土层应力扩散效应时,通过计算得到的桩顶及桩端荷载-沉降曲线与实测曲线吻合较好;当桩端存在沉渣或软弱下卧层时,采用虚土桩模型的单桩沉降计算方法可以在一定程度上反映沉渣特性及软弱下卧层埋深等因素对桩顶荷载-沉降曲线的影响。 相似文献
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采用弹塑性有限元法,结合岩土体结构特征,应用接触单元模拟桩土之间的不连续面,分别对单桩传统静载加载方式和自平衡加载方式进行数值模拟。自平衡加载方式的数值模拟结果与实际自平衡测试结果吻合较好,说明选取的模型和参数比较合理。进而采用此模型和参数,对传统静载加载方式进行数值模拟,得出桩上部荷载传递过程中桩及桩周岩土体应力及位移,求出各单元的应力应变,确定出桩侧法向应力,结合桩土之间摩擦试验的参数,根据莫尔-库仑理论求出桩侧摩阻力。最后将有限元数值模拟和自平衡实测侧摩阻力值进行对比,验证了在选用合理的模型和物理力学参数的基础上,有限元计算的侧摩阻力值和实测值较吻合,通过有限元方法计算获得的单桩侧摩阻力值具有一定的可借鉴性和实用性。 相似文献
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桩荷载与变位的数值模拟分析 总被引：15，自引：3，他引：15
本文结合理论t-z曲线和实验t-z曲线的分析,提出了一种桩荷载与变位的数值分析方法,并对某工程的桩基进行了模拟计算。计算结果与实测结果一致,表明该模型可以作为评估桩基工程的一种手段。 相似文献
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有许多分别确定桩端阻及桩侧阻与沉降关系的方法。其中之一是从桩静载荷试验曲线中把二者分开，较普遍的作法是假设极限荷载之后桩侧阻不再增加成为常数，极限荷载之前桩端阻与沉降成线性关系。据此有几种作图法来确定极限荷限时的端阻及侧阻。本文在现场试验的基础上，分析了桩端阻及侧阻的发育特性，认为用双曲线拟合桩端阻一沉降曲线更为切实实际，从而建议了一种从桩静载荷试验曲线分别确定端阻及侧阻与沉降关系的方法。 相似文献
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超长钻孔桩竖向承载性状的试验研究 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11
利用工程桩作为锚桩，并在反力系统中充分应用预应力技术，建立了大吨位静载试验装置。分析了超长桩的承载性能和荷载传递机理，结果表明：超长桩的荷载-沉降曲线没有明显破坏点。其竖向荷载主要依靠桩侧摩阻力进行传递，桩侧摩阻力的发挥存在最佳深度范围。超长桩的承载性能还受土体特性、施工工艺等因素影响。 相似文献
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A wavelet based method is proposed to evaluate the time-dependent damping ratio in statnamic load tests by the continuous wavelet transform and half-power bandwidth method. The displacement along the pile during a statnamic test is described by a linear shape function, although the pile is assumed to be a single degree of freedom system (SDOF). The damping ratio is calculated by the half-power bandwidth method from the time–frequency spectra of continuous wavelet transform for the statnamic pile load test. A numerical simulation and two field statnamic tests were analyzed to verify the applicability of the proposed method, and the outcomes were compared with the results obtained using the unloading point method (UPM) and a method in literature. The damping ratio obtained with the proposed method is satisfactory and provides an additional interpretation measure for statnamic load tests. 相似文献
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非均质地基中群桩竖向荷载沉降关系分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
运用剪切位移法计算了桩轴向荷载传递因子.对于桩端采用线性的荷载传递函数,推导了基于弹塑性模型的单桩竖向荷载沉降的解析解.分析过程中考虑了土体强度沿深度线性变化的特性和桩土间的滑移现象,因此更符合大部分土体的实际性状.在此基础上,建立了考虑桩土滑移的桩-桩相互作用系数的计算公式,并将上述方法应用于群桩的分析,获得了群桩的荷载沉降特性.该分析方法克服了目前应用较多的弹性理论方法夸大桩土相互作用的缺点,单桩和群桩的荷载沉降曲线的分析结果和实测数据吻合,证明了该方法的合理性. 相似文献
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砂土地基斜桩水平承载特性p-y曲线法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于Reese建议的砂土p-y曲线,提出了适用于斜桩水平承载特性分析的修正p-y曲线及相应的有限元分析方法。根据桩前土体受力特点,假设桩前浅层土体达到极限破坏状态时桩侧被动破坏区为一个三维楔形体,采用极限平衡分析方法导出了斜桩桩侧极限土抗力表达式,对比研究了斜桩倾角、桩-土界面摩擦系数等因素对极限土抗力的影响规律,并给出了斜桩初始地基反力模量确定方法。在此基础上,修正Reese提出的直桩p-y曲线,提出了砂土地基中斜桩p-y曲线确定方法。利用虚功原理,导出了斜桩水平承载特性分析的有限单元列式,编制相应的分析程序,通过算例验证了方法的合理性和有效性。最后,采用修正的p-y曲线法对一离心机模型试验进行了模拟分析,结果表明,计算与试验结果吻合得很好 相似文献
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Jinbo Chen Robert B. Gilbert Yoo Sang Choo Peter W. Marshall James D. Murff 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2016,40(9):1321-1338
The objective of this paper is to present a simplified method to determine the pile foundation system capacity based on the lower bound theorem of plasticity. The motivations for determining the lower bound capacity are the following: (1) to evaluate the accuracy of solutions based on the upper bound method; (2) to provide a conservative and efficient solution to the system capacity; and (3) to provide information about load distribution among individual piles at the verge of failure for the pile system. The failure mechanisms for a single pile and for the pile system are assumed to be two‐dimensional. For a typical long offshore pile, the upper and lower bound analyses produce identical lateral capacities. A simplified failure surface for loads at the single pile head is proposed and verified through analysis of 16 case study piles. With this proposed failure surface for a single pile, the lower bound failure load of the pile foundation system is obtained using the elastic compensation method enhanced with the linear matching method. Comparing with the existing upper bound and finite element solutions, the proposed lower bound method is capable of accurately and efficiently predicting the ultimate capacity of a pile foundation system. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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大面积堆填或开挖时深厚软土地层内部常产生较大滑移,这为该类地层中考虑桩土作用的抗滑桩分析带来较大困难。考虑深厚软土的滑移性状,针对既有悬臂桩法计算存在的问题进行修正,滑动面上部桩身受荷段的桩身荷载采用等腰三角形分布且极值点为极限侧土压力,设滑动面下部桩身锚固段上侧桩周软土为理想弹塑性以考虑软土大位移条件,下侧为弹性状态,并通过位移叠加原理对传统方法求解产生滑动面不连续的缺陷进行修正。通过现场桩侧堆载试验验证,修正悬臂桩法的弯矩和位移计算结果较好,桩顶位移误差小于3%,桩身最大弯矩误差小于10%。所提方法有助于深厚软土地层抗滑桩的设计和计算。 相似文献
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针对成层Gibson地基模型,研究了轴向荷载作用下单桩的非线性沉降响应。利用最小势能原理求得桩土体系的控制方程,获得了土体位移的解析解及桩身沉降的差分方程式。将土体看作线弹性理想塑性材料,分析了土体的非线性对桩身位移的影响,提出了考虑非线性的单桩沉降响应计算方法,利用Maple编制了相应的分析程序。通过算例研究了土性参数及桩长径比对端承单桩沉降的影响。将研究结果应用于桩基静载荷试验成果的分析,结果表明,两者吻合较好,证明了该方法的合理性。 相似文献
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An elastoplastic model for the analysis of a driven pile extended at the bottom with a micropile under axial load is presented. The model is an extension of the integral equation method of Poulos and Davis. The finite-difference scheme used to obtain the pile displacements is reformulated to take into account the discontinuity in the stress distribution at the joint between pile and micropile. The results obtained with the proposed method are compared with the outcomes of a more sophisticated finite element simulation, and also with data from full-scale load tests. Reasonably good agreement is obtained in both cases. 相似文献
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This paper presents a superposition method expanded for computing impedance functions (IFs) of inclined‐pile groups. Closed‐form solutions for obtaining horizontal, vertical, and rocking IFs, estimated by using pile‐to‐pile interaction factors, are proposed. IFs of solitary inclined piles, crossed IFs, and explicit incorporation of compatibility conditions for pile‐head movements are also appropriately taken into consideration. All of these factors should be known in advance and will be computed and shown for the most relevant cases. The accuracy of the proposed closed‐form solutions is verified for 2 × 2 and 3 × 3 square inclined‐pile groups embedded in an isotropic viscoelastic homogeneous half‐space soil medium, with hysteretic damping. The pile‐to‐pile interaction factors are computed by means of a three‐dimensional time‐harmonic boundary elements–finite elements coupling formulation. The results indicate that the IFs obtained from the proposed method are in good agreement with those obtained from the coupling formulation. Furthermore, crossed vertical‐rocking IFs of solitary piles need to be appropriately considered for obtaining rocking IFs when the number of piles is small. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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In a field, piles are likely installed in a multi-layered soil. Analysis of axially loaded piles in a multi-layered soil is complicated and deserves more attention. A boundary element method is used in this study to analyze an axially loaded single pile in a multi-layered soil using the solution for vertical and horizontal axisymmetric ring loads in a multi-layered elastic medium. Good and reasonable agreement is obtained between the proposed and published solutions for a single pile in a homogenous soil, a finite soil, and a Gibson soil. The proposed solution is also used to evaluate an axially loaded single pile in a multi-layered (8 layers) soil. 相似文献