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1.
兴蒙陆内造山带   总被引：21，自引：9，他引：12  
徐备  王志伟  张立杨  王智慧  杨振宁  贺跃 《岩石学报》2018,34(10):2819-2844
本文提出了"兴蒙陆内造山带"的新概念(Xing-Meng Intracontinent Orogenic Belt,XMIOB),从大地构造、沉积建造、岩浆作用和变质作用等方面论述了XMIOB从晚古生代到中生代初的陆内伸展及陆内造山过程,为探讨晚古生代构造演化提供了新模式。根据对内蒙古中西部晚古生代构造格局的总体认识,可将XMIOB划分为五个构造单元即:早石炭世二连-贺根山裂谷带、晚石炭世陆表海盆地、早二叠世艾力格庙-二连伸展构造带、早-中二叠世盆岭构造带和晚二叠世索伦山-乌兰沟伸展构造带。晚石炭世末-二叠纪在兴蒙造山带基底上发育三期伸展构造:第一期见于内蒙古北部二连-艾力格庙地区,形成陆内裂谷盆地及其盆缘三角洲沉积,发育时代为302～298Ma;第二期在内蒙古中西部广泛分布,以隆起与凹陷相间分布的盆岭构造为特征,发育时代为290～260Ma;第三期见于内蒙古南部索伦山到温都尔庙乌兰沟一带,形成主动裂谷背景下的红海型小洋盆,发育时代为260～250Ma。晚古生代与伸展过程有关的岩浆活动可分四期:1)早石炭世贺根山期:以蛇绿岩为主,发育于具有前寒武纪古老基底和早古生代造山带年轻基底的陆壳伸展区; 2)晚石炭世达青牧场期:主要沿北造山带分布,以基性和酸性岩浆构成的双峰式侵火成岩为特征; 3)早二叠世大石寨期:形成的岩石种类多样,分布广泛,包括双峰式火山岩、双峰式侵入岩和碱性岩; 4)二叠纪末-三叠纪初索伦山期:形成陆缘型蛇绿岩或基性岩-超基性岩组合,产生于软流圈上涌造成的主动裂谷背景。兴蒙陆内造山带的构造变形可分为两期,第一期为晚古生代地层大范围褶皱变形,造成盆-岭构造带的缩短;第二期为沿盆-岭构造的边界强烈剪切变形,产生向东逃逸的挤出构造,其构造背景是北部蒙古-鄂霍茨克造山带和南部大别-秦岭中央造山带的远距离效应引起的被动闭合作用。兴蒙陆内造山带的变质作用分为两个阶段,早期变质作用主要表现为石炭纪期间与陆内伸展有关的低压高温变质,晚期为二叠纪末到三叠纪初区域大面积的低压绿片岩相变质以及沿构造边界的局部中-低压型低温变质。  相似文献   

2.
Late Paleozoic volcanic rocks in the Intra-Sudetic Basin of the Bohemian Massif in the Czech Republic can be subdivided into two series: (I) a minor bimodal trachyandesite-rhyolite series of Upper Carboniferous age with initial 87Sr/86Sr of ca. 0.710 and εNd values of −6.1 also characteristic of volcanics of the near Krkonoše Piedmont Basin (0.707 and −6.0, Ulrych et al., 2003) and (II) a major differentiated basaltic trachyandesite-trachyandesite-trachyte-rhyolite series of Lower Permian age with lower initial 87Sr/86Sr of ca. 0.705-0.708 and εNd values ranging from −2.7 to −3.4/−4.1/. The newly recognized volcanic rocks of trachytic composition indicate that the rocks were formed by magmatic differentiation of similar parental melts rather than constituting a bimodal mafic-felsic sequence from different sources. Both series are generally of subalkaline affinity and calc-alkaline character with some tholeiitic tint (FeO/MgO vs. SiO2, presence of orthopyroxene). The magmatic activity occurred in cycles in a layered chamber, each starting primarily with felsic volcanics and ending with mafic ones. The mafic rocks represent mantle-melt(s) overprinted by crust during assimilation-fractional crystallization. The Sr-Nd isotopic data confirm a significant crustal component in the volcanic rocks that may have been inherited from the upper mantle source and/or from assimilation of older crust during magmatic underplating and shallow-level melt fractionation.  相似文献   

3.
An integrated study on petrology and geochemistry has been carried out on the Late Carboniferous I-type felsic volcanics of the Liushugou Formation in the Bogda belt to constrain the late Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Bogda belt. The felsic volcanics were dated to be 315 to 319 Ma and are composed of trachy-andesite–trachyte ignimbrites and rhyolite lavas. They are in conformable contact with high-Al basalt. The eruption of the felsic volcanics and high-Al basalt is not bimodal volcanism, but is related to bimodal magma (basaltic and rhyolitic magmas). MELTS modeling and comparison with previous basaltic melting experiments indicate that the felsic volcanics are likely produced by partial melting of hydrated mafic crust rather than fractional crystallization of high-Al basalt. It is also supported by relatively large amounts of felsic volcanics to high-Al basalts and remarkably different incompatible element ratios (e.g., Th/Zr, Nb/Zr and U/Zr) of the rocks. The Bogda felsic volcanics have positive εNd(t) values (6.2–7.4), low Pb isotopes and low zircon saturation temperatures, consistent with a derivation from a juvenile crust in an arc setting. The intermediate ignimbrites display melting–mingling textures and abundant feldspar aggregates and have various δEu ratios, indicating that magma mingling and feldspar fractionation processes may have played an important role in the genesis of the ignimbrites. In contrast, the Early Permian felsic rocks in this region are of post-collisional A-type. We therefore propose that the Bogda belt was an island arc in the Late Carboniferous and then switched to a post-collisional setting in the Early Permian due to the arc–arc collision at the end of the Late Carboniferous.  相似文献   

4.
The Pliocene–Pleistocene northern Taiwan volcanic zone (NTVZ) is located within a trench-arc–back-arc basin and oblique arc–continent collision zone. Consequently the origin and tectonic setting of the andesitic rocks within the NTVZ and their relation to other circum-Pacific volcanic island-arc systems is uncertain. Rocks collected from the Tatun volcanic group (TTVG) include basaltic to andesitic rocks. The basalt is compositionally similar to within-plate continental tholeiites whereas the basaltic andesite and andesite are calc-alkaline; however, all rocks show a distinct depletion of Nb-Ta in their normalized incompatible element diagrams. The Sr-Nd isotope compositions of the TTVG rocks are very similar and have a relatively restricted range (i.e. ISr = 0.70417–0.70488; εNd(T) = +2.2 to +3.1), suggesting that they are derived directly or indirectly from the same mantle source. The basalts are likely derived by mixing between melts from the asthenosphere and a subduction-modified subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) source, whereas the basaltic andesites may be derived by partial melting of pyroxenitic lenses within the SCLM and mixing with asthenospheric melts. MELTS modelling using a starting composition equal to the most primitive basaltic andesite, shallow-pressure (i.e. ≤1 kbar), oxidizing conditions (i.e. FMQ +1), and near water saturation will produce compositions similar to the andesites observed in this study. Petrological modelling and the Sr-Nd isotope results indicate that the volcanic rocks from TTVG, including the spatially and temporally associated Kuanyinshan volcanic rocks, are derived from the same mantle source and that the andesites are the product of fractional crystallization of a parental magma similar in composition to the basaltic andesites. Furthermore, our results indicate that, in some cases, calc-alkaline andesites may be generated by crystal fractionation of mafic magmas derived in an extensional back-arc setting rather than a subduction zone setting.  相似文献   

5.
内蒙朝克山蛇绿岩地球化学: 洋内弧后盆地的产物？   总被引：8，自引：6，他引：2  
王树庆  许继峰  刘希军  侯青叶 《岩石学报》2008,24(12):2869-2879
朝克山蛇绿岩是内蒙贺根山地区出露最好的蛇绿岩之一,可能形成于中晚石炭世。朝克山蛇绿岩中的基性岩具有LREE亏损、类似N-MORB的稀土配分模式,而相对N-MORB富集大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素又类似岛弧火山岩的成分特征,因此,我们认为朝克山蛇绿岩应形成于弧后盆地。将朝克山蛇绿岩的基性岩与现代Mariana洋内弧后盆地和Okinawa陆缘弧后盆地的玄武岩及同属中亚造山带的、形成于洋内弧后盆地的新疆库尔提蛇绿岩对比,朝克山蛇绿岩更类似于Mariana玄武岩和库尔提蛇绿岩,因此其很可能形成于洋内弧后盆地而不是大陆边缘弧后盆地环境。  相似文献   

6.
系统的微量元素和Sm-Nd同位素分析表明,川西地区早震旦世苏雄组双峰式火山岩中的大多数玄武岩具有高的正εNd(T)值(+5～+6)、大离子亲石元素和LREE富集,与现代典型的洋岛玄武岩和大陆溢流玄武岩省中的碱性玄武岩有非常相似的地球化学和同位素组成特征。酸性火山岩的εNd(T)值较低(+1.1～+2.6),地球化学特征总体上与A2-型花岗岩相似,它们是受地壳混染的OIB型玄武质岩浆在地壳中部的一个“双扩散”岩浆房通过结晶分异形成的。苏雄组双峰式火山岩形成于典型的大陆裂谷环境,非常类似于现代与地幔柱活动有关的高火山活动型裂谷火山岩,扬子块体西缘 800Ma前的裂谷作用和火山活动应是约825Ma前的华南地幔柱活动引发的结果。  相似文献   

7.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(11):1297-1312
ABSTRACT

Early Palaeozoic magmatic records and tectonic reconstructions along the northern margin of Gondwana are still pending problems. In this paper, Late Silurian Dawazi and Dazhonghe volcanics in SW Yunnan Province (China) were studied. The Dazhonghe volcanics (419 Ma) have variable chemical compositions with SiO2 ranging between 49.8 and 79.5 wt.%, whereas, the Dawazi volcanics (417–429 Ma) form a bimodal volcanic suite consisting mainly of silicic rocks and subordinate basaltic rocks with a SiO2 content gap of ca. 15 wt.%. The Dazhonghe volcanics display calc-alkaline elemental compositions with enrichment in light rare earth elements (LREEs), and depletion in high field strength elements (HFSEs) (e.g. Nb, Ta and Ti) and positive εNd(t) values (+ 4.0 to + 5.5). The Dawazi basaltic rocks are calc-alkaline, depleted in HFSEs, enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILEs) (e.g. Cs, Rb, U and K), and have high εNd(t) values of ?1.7 to + 5.4. The Dawazi silicic rocks have high Na2O/K2O ratios and positive εNd(t) values of + 2.4 to + 5.0, which are equivalents of calc-alkaline I-type granites. The Dazhonghe volcanics are dominated by fractional crystallization (FC) from a calc-alkaline primary magma which originated from an enriched mantle source metasomatized by subduction-related, sediment-derived fluid. The Dawazi basaltic rocks were derived from partial melting of an enriched mantle source metasomatized by subducted oceanic sediment/slab-derived fluids; the Dawazi silicic rocks originated from partial melting of the juvenile mafic lower crust with extensive FC. Both the Dazhonghe and Dawazi volcanics were generated in a continental back-arc extension setting. Combined with previous geological observations, a Late Silurian Prototethyan arc and back-arc extension system is proposed along the northern margin of Gondwana in SW China.  相似文献   

8.
The volcanic rock system of the Miaoling Formation contains the main ore-bearing rocks of two volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS)-type deposits in the Yanbian area of NE China. Investigation of the VRSMF is needed to better understand the formation of these VMS-type deposits and the tectonic evolution of the Yanbian area. To determine the petrogenesis, material sources, and formation age of the VRSMF, and elucidate its late Paleozoic tectonic evolution and metallogenic significance, this paper presents new petrological, geochronological, geochemical, whole-rock Sr–Nd and in situ zircon Hf isotopic data for the VRSMF. The VRSMF is composed of marine carbonate, intermediate–felsic volcanic rocks (andesite–trachyandesite–dacite) and pyroclastic rocks. Laser-ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry zircon U–Pb dating gives an eruption age of ca. 265 Ma for the pyroclastic rocks in the VRSMF. These rocks are classified as low- to medium-K calc-alkaline series. They are characterized by enrichments in large-ion lithophile elements (e.g., K, Rb, and Ba) and light rare earth elements, and depletions in high field-strength elements (e.g., Nb, Ta, and Ti) and heavy rare earth elements, showing affinity to igneous rocks formed in arc-related tectonic settings. These features, together with homogeneous zircon εHf(t) values of 10.9–15.7 and depleted Sr–Nd isotopic compositions [εNd(t) values of 2.4–5.0], suggest that the parental magma was derived from the partial melting of depleted mantle that had been metasomatized by subduction-related fluids. These results, along with findings of regional geological investigations, suggest that the formation of the VRSMF was related to subduction of the Paleo-Asian oceanic plate during the middle Permian. The VMS-type mineralization in the Hongtaiping and Dongfengnanshan deposits is interpreted to have formed in a bimodal–felsic setting in a back-arc extensional tectonic environment.  相似文献   

9.
Situated in the southwest of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), the South Tian Shan (STS) Block is a key area for understanding the final accretion of the CAOB. A suite of volcanic rocks interbedded with continental sediments from the Xiaotikanlike Formation lies along the southwestern edge of the Tian Shan orogen. Laser-ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer U–Pb dating provided a crystallization age of 295.0 ± 2.8 Ma (MSWD = 1.3), suggesting an Early Permian magmatic event. The volcanic rocks show a variable composition, with dominant rhyolites and dacites, subordinate basaltic andesites and few basalts. The felsic rocks are enriched in K and exhibit remarkably negative anomalies in Ba, Sr, Eu, P and Ti. These anomalies associated with their high negative ε Nd(t) values and old Nd model ages suggest that they are most likely sourced from ancient lower crustal rocks. The mafic rocks are characterized by high Mg#, Cr, Ni contents, negative Nb, Ta anomalies and pronounced enrichment in light rare earth elements as well as mild enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements. The mafic rocks are thus inferred to derive from enriched subcontinental lithospheric mantle. The petrographic and geochemical characteristics of the Xiaotikanlike Formation volcanic rocks indicate that they were generated under a post-collisional regime. Therefore, the final collision between the Tarim Craton and the Kazakhstan–Yili terrane took place before Early Permian, most probably at Late Carboniferous. Differing from other tectonic units of the CAOB, the recycling of ancient lithospheric crust played a significant role in the continental growth of the STS Block.  相似文献   

10.
The Neoproterozoic Wadi Ranga metavolcanic rocks, South Eastern Desert of Egypt, constitute a slightly metamorphosed bimodal sequence of low-K submarine tholeiitic mafic and felsic volcanic rocks. The mafic volcanic rocks are represented by massive and pillow flows and agglomerates, composed of porphyritic and aphyric basalts and basaltic andesites that are mostly amygdaloidal. The felsic volcanic rocks embrace porphyritic dacites and rhyolites and tuffs, which overlie the mafic volcanic rocks. The geochemical characteristics of Wadi Ranga volcanic rocks, especially a strong Nb depletion, indicate that they were formed from subduction-related melts. The clinopyroxene phenocrysts of basalts are more akin to those crystallizing from island-arc tholeiitic magmas. The tholeiitic nature of the Wadi Ranga volcanics as well as their LREE-depleted or nearly flat REE patterns and their low K2O contents suggest that they were developed in an immature island arc setting. The subchondritic Nb/Ta ratios (with the lowest ratio reported for any arc rocks) and low Nb/Yb ratios indicate that the mantle source of the Wadi Ranga mafic volcanic rocks was more depleted than N-MORB-source mantle. Subduction signature was dominated by aqueous fluids derived from slab dehydration, whereas the role of subducted sediments in mantle-wedge metasomatization was subordinate, implying that the subduction system was sediment-starved and far from continental clastic input. The amount of slab-derived fluids was enough to produce hydrous magmas that follow the tholeiitic but not the calc-alkaline differentiation trend. With Mg# > 64, few samples of Wadi Ranga mafic volcanic rocks are similar to primitive arc magmas, whereas the other samples have clearly experienced considerable fractional crystallization.The low abundances of trace elements, together with low K2O contents of the felsic metavolcanic rocks indicate that they were erupted in a primitive island arc setting. The felsic volcanic rocks are characterized by lower K/Rb ratios compared to the mafic volcanic rocks, higher trace element abundances (~ 2 to ~ 9 times basalt) on primitive arc basalt-normalized pattern and nearly flat chondrite-normalized REE patterns, which display a negative Eu anomaly. These features are largely consistent with fractional crystallization model for the origin of the felsic volcanic rocks. Moreover, SiO2-REE variations for the Wadi Ranga volcanic rocks display steadily increasing LREE over the entire mafic to felsic range and enriched La abundances in the felsic lavas relative to the most mafic lavas, features which are consistent with production of the felsic volcanic rocks through fractional crystallization of basaltic melts. The relatively large volume of Wadi Ranga silicic volcanic rocks implies that significant volume of silicic magmas can be generated in immature island arcs by fractional crystallization and indicates the significant role of intra-oceanic arcs in the production of Neoproterozoic continental crust. We emphasize that the geochemical characteristics of these rocks such as their low LILE and nearly flat REE patterns can successfully discriminate them from other Egyptian Neoproterozoic felsic volcanic rocks, which have higher LILE, Zr and Nb and fractionated REE patterns.  相似文献   

11.
北京延庆北部地区后城组火山岩岩石化学特征与成因探讨   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
汪洋  姬广义 《城市地质》2004,16(1):16-25
根据TAS图解 ,北京延庆北部地区后城组火山属于玄武粗安岩 流纹岩 (和粗面岩 )的双峰式组合。该套火山岩不属于典型的钾玄岩系列 ,在基性岩和中性岩中总体上以碱性系列和向碱性系列过渡的高钾钙碱性系列、钾玄岩系列为主 ,流纹岩类属于富钾质的拉斑系列。该套火山岩轻稀土元素明显富集。玄武粗安岩类岩石没有负铕异常或负铕异常不明显 ,而流纹岩存在明显的负铕异常。延庆北部地区后城组火山岩形成于燕山运动早期或中期阶段的造山变形事件趋于结束时的后碰撞构造环境中。  相似文献   

12.
The Lower Permian complex from Bocca di Tenda (Corsica island, France) consists of a gabbroic sequence crosscut by chilled dykes ranging in composition from basalt to trachyandesite and peralkaline rhyolite. The gabbroic sequence is mostly composed of olivine gabbronorites, quartz gabbronorites/diorites locally displaying high ilmenite amounts, and hornblende-rich tonalites. The quartz gabbronorites/diorites and the hornblende-rich tonalites have similar initial εNd values (+0.9 to ?1.1) and record a fractional crystallization process driven by separation of plagioclase, pyroxene, and ilmenite. The olivine gabbronorites have slightly higher initial εNd than the quartz gabbronorites/diorites and the hornblende-rich tonalites, thereby documenting that the early evolution of the melts that gave rise to the gabbroic sequence was controlled by concomitant fractional crystallization and crustal assimilation. The trachyandesite dykes are rare and rich in dark mica. The selected trachyandesite has initial εNd of +0.4, which is slightly lower than the εNd of the basalt dykes. The basalt and the trachyandesite dykes are most likely genetically related through a process of fractional crystallization controlled by segregation of plagioclase, clinopyroxene and minor ilmenite, and assimilation of crustal material. The peralkaline rhyolites have initial εNd values ranging from +0.3 to ?0.3. Whole-rock chemical variations and trace element compositions of Na-amphibole (arfvedsonite) indicate that the peralkaline rhyolite dykes record a process of fractional crystallization mainly controlled by separation of alkali feldspar and minor ilmenite and arfvedsonite. A plausible petrogenetic hypothesis for the genesis of the peralkaline rhyolite melts implies a protracted process of fractional crystallization from the trachyandesitic melts. This fractionation process would be initially ruled by separation of plagioclase, dark mica, and minor ilmenite. An alternative hypothesis for the origin of the peralkaline rhyolite melts implies partial melting of nearly coeval amphibole-rich mafic intrusives, which formed by crustally contaminated mantle-derived melts. The genesis of the peralkaline rhyolites is in any case correlated with mantle-derived melts that experienced extensive crustal contamination.  相似文献   

13.
Extensive Permo-Carboniferous volcanism has been documented from the Bohemian Massif. The late Carboniferous volcanic episode started at the Duckmantian–Bolsovian boundary and continued intermittently until Westphalian D to Stephanian B producing mainly felsic and more rarely mafic volcanics in the Central Bohemian and the Sudetic basins. During the early Permian volcanic episode, after the intra-Stephanian hiatus, additional large volumes of felsic and mafic volcanics were extruded in the Sudetic basins. The volcanics of both episodes range from entirely subalkaline (calc-alkaline to tholeiitic) of convergent plate margin-like type to transitional and alkaline of within-plate character. A possible common magma could not be identified among the Carboniferous and Permian primitive magmas, but a common geochemical signature (enrichment in Th, U, REE and depletion in Nb, Sr, P, Ti) in the volcanic series of both episodes was recognized. On the other hand, volcanics of both episodes differ in intensities of Nb, Sr and P depletion and also, in part, in their isotope signatures. High 87Sr/86Sr (0.707–0.710) and low εNd (−6.0 to −6.1) are characteristic of the Carboniferous mafic volcanics, whereas low 87Sr/86Sr (0.705–0.708) and higher εNd ranging from −2.7 to −3.4 are typical of the Permian volcanics. Felsic volcanics of both episodes vary substantially in 87Sr/86Sr (0.705–0.762) and εNd (−0.9 to −5.1). Different depths of magma source or heterogeneity of the Carboniferous and Permian mantle can be inferred from variation in some characteristic elements of the geochemical signature for volcanics in some basins. The Sr–Nd isotopic data with negative εNd values confirm a significant crustal component in the volcanic rocks that may have been inherited from the upper mantle source and/or from assimilation of older crust during magmatic underplating and ascending of primary basic magma. Two different types of primary magma development and formation of a bimodal volcanic series have been recognized: (i) creation of a unique magma by assimilation fractional crystallization processes within shallow-level reservoirs (type Intra-Sudetic Basin) and (ii) generation and mixing of independent mafic and felsic magmas, the latter by partial melting of upper crustal material in a high-level chamber (type Krkonoše Piedmont Basin). A similar origin for the Permo-Carboniferous volcanics of the Bohemian Massif is obvious, however, their geochemical peculiarities in individual basins indicate evolution in separate crustal magma chambers.  相似文献   

14.
内蒙古东部早二叠世火山岩的成因和动力学背景对于揭示兴安地块和松嫩地块的拼合作用具有重要意义.通过选取大石寨地区大石寨组基-中性火山岩为研究对象,开展LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、全岩主微量和锆石原位Lu-Hf同位素分析,旨在讨论其岩石成因和构造背景,为制约兴安地块与松嫩地块的拼合过程和探讨兴蒙造山带东段的构造演化提供更多信息.大石寨组基-中性火山岩包括变细碧岩、变玄武岩、碎屑岩化玄武安山岩、玄武安山质晶屑凝灰岩、绿泥石化安山岩、杏仁状安山岩、安山质晶屑凝灰岩等.锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素定年结果显示,变细碧岩和绿泥石化安山岩样品的206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值分别为286.0±4.3 Ma（MSWD=0.14）和286.0±3.3 Ma（MSWD=0.14）,说明大石寨组基-中性火山岩喷发于早二叠世,反映了早二叠世的构造岩浆作用事件.岩石地球化学研究表明,大石寨组基-中性火山岩为一套弱过铝质-偏铝质富钠质亚碱性玄武岩-玄武安山岩-安山岩岩石组合,以拉斑系列为主,部分兼具拉斑性和钙碱性特征,相对富集大离子亲石元素（LILE,Ba、U、K等）和轻稀土元素（LREE,La、Ce）,亏损高场强元素（HFSE,如Nb、Ta等）.锆石原位Lu-Hf资料显示,变细碧岩和绿泥石化安山岩具有较高的正εHf（t）值（6.68~12.94,8.41~12.31）和相近的单阶段模式年龄（TDM1=438~589 Ma和413~668 Ma）.综合研究表明,大石寨组基-中性火山岩来源于亏损地幔,在岩浆演化过程中经历了单斜辉石、橄榄石和铁镁氧化物的分离结晶作用,并遭受过较强烈的地壳混染作用.结合区域地质资料,大石寨地区大石寨组火山岩形成于陆内伸展的构造背景,而非俯冲背景的产物,这表明兴安地块与松嫩地块的拼合事件发生在早二叠世之前.同时通过对比区域上早中二叠世火山岩的地球化学特征以及其他地质资料,认为内蒙古中东部早中二叠世火山岩是陆内伸展作用的产物,而区域上的伸展作用可能起始于早石炭世.   相似文献   

15.
Zircon U–Pb ages, geochemical and Sr–Nd isotopic data are presented for the late Carboniferous Baoligaomiao Formation (BG Fm.) and Delewula Formation (DW Fm.) volcanic rocks, widely distributed in northern Inner Mongolia, in the northern part of the Xing'an–Mongolia Orogenic Belt (XMOB). The BG Fm. rocks mainly consist of basaltic andesites and andesites while the DW Fm. rocks include dacites, trachytes, rhyolites, pyroclastic rocks and minor andesites. New LA-ICPMS zircon U–Pb analyses constrain their eruption to late Carboniferous (317–322 Ma and 300–310 Ma, respectively). The BG Fm. volcanic rocks are characterized by enriched large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and depleted high field strength elements (HFSE), with initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.70854–0.70869 and negative εNd(t) (− 2.1 to − 2.4) values. They have low La/Ba (0.03–0.05), high La/Nb (2.05–3.70) ratios and variable Ba/Th (59.5–211) ratios. Such features suggest that they are derived from melting of heterogeneous sources including a metasomatized mantle wedge and Precambrian crustal material. The DW Fm. volcanic rocks are more depleted in HFSE with significant Nb, Ta, P, Ti anomalies. They have high initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.72037–0.72234) and strong negative εNd(t) (− 11 to − 11.6) values which indicate those igneous rocks were mainly derived from reworking of the Paleoproterozoic crust. The late Carboniferous volcanic rocks have geochemical characteristics similar to those of the continental arc rocks which indicate the northward subduction of the Paleo Asian Ocean may have continued to the late Carboniferous. The volcanic association of this study together with the early Permian post-collisional magmatic rocks suggests that a tectonic transition from subduction-related continental margin arc volcanism to post-collisional magmatism occurred in the northern XMOB between the late Carboniferous and the early Permian.  相似文献   

16.
北山古生代火山岩尤其是石炭纪-二叠纪火山岩的形成环境及成因备受学者关注且长期以来存在争议。本文收集了近年来发表的关于北山石炭纪-二叠纪火山岩研究的地球化学数据,岩石地球化学特征显示北山石炭纪玄武岩主要为安山玄武岩,属拉斑系列,二叠纪火山岩主要为安山玄武岩和亚碱性玄武岩,落入拉斑系列及过渡区;石炭纪玄武岩和二叠纪玄武岩均具有LREE富集的球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式,轻重稀土元素分馏程度均较低。在微量元素蛛网图上,石炭纪-二叠纪遭受地壳混染的玄武岩呈现出明显的Nb-Ta亏损和微弱的Ti亏损特征,而未遭受地壳混染作用的绝大多数石炭纪-二叠纪玄武岩主要呈现出与OIB相似的"隆起"状不相容元素标准化配分模式。岩石成因分析认为,石炭纪-二叠纪玄武质岩浆可能主要来源于地幔柱,部分石炭纪-二叠纪玄武岩在形成演化过程中遭受了明显的大陆地壳混染作用,导致其出现十分相似于岛弧或活动大陆边缘的地球化学特征。结合区域构造演化分析及构造环境判别,认为石炭纪-二叠纪玄武岩均形成于大陆板内环境。  相似文献   

17.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(13):1630-1657
New geological, geochronological, and geochemical results on volcanic rocks and cobbles from early Mesozoic sedimentary rocks identify two contrasting latest Permian–Triassic volcanic rock suites in the northern North China Craton (NCC). The early rock suite erupted during the latest Permian–Early Triassic at ca. 255–245 Ma and was probably widely distributed in the northern NCC prior to the Early Jurassic. It comprises rhyolitic welded tuff, rhyolite, and tuffaceous sandstone and is characterized by high contents of SiO2 and K2O, moderate initial 87Sr/86Sr, low negative εNd(t) and εHf(t) values, and old Nd-Hf isotopic model ages. It was likely produced by fractional crystallization of lower crustal-derived magmas due to underplating by lithospheric mantle-derived magmas near the crust–mantle boundary in syncollisional to post-collisional/post-orogenic tectonic settings. The late rock suite, erupted during the Middle–Late Triassic at ca. 238–228 Ma, displays adakitic geochemical signatures and consists of intermediate volcanic rocks such as andesite, trachyandesite, and autoclastic trachyandesite breccia, with minor felsic rocks. This suite is characterized by high Al2O3, MgO, Sr, Ba, Cr, V, and Ni concentrations; high Mg# values; low Y and Yb concentrations and high Sr/Y ratios; low initial 87Sr/86Sr; high negative εNd(t) and εHf(t) values; and young Nd-Hf isotopic model ages. The younger suite was generated by mixing of magmas derived from melting of upwelling asthenosphere, with melts of ancient lower crust induced by underplating of basaltic magmas in an intraplate extensional setting. Strong upwelling of asthenospheric mantle and significant involvement of the asthenospheric mantle materials indicate that the lithospheric mantle beneath the northern NCC was partially delaminated during Middle–Late Triassic time, representing the initial destruction and lithospheric thinning of the northern NCC. Lithospheric thinning and delamination are likely the most important reasons for the Triassic tectonic transition and change of magmatism and deformation patterns in the northern NCC.  相似文献   

18.
The meta-basic volcanic rocks in the Tengtiaohe Zone yield zircon U–Pb ages of 258.8±2.5 Ma and 259.2±1.8 Ma, respectively which agree with the ages of flood basalts of ELIP and are similar to the basaltic rocks and komatiites from the Song Da Zone in northern Vietnam. The results suggest that the age of meta-basic volcanic rocks is Late Permian, rather than the Early Permian or Early Carboniferous ages as previously inferred. Most meta-basic volcanic rocks are strongly enriched in LREEs relative to HREEs and display trace element patterns similar to the ELIP high-Ti basalts, and are enriched in LILEs with negative Sr anomalies. Their initial ~(87)Sr/~(86) Sr ratios range from 0.705974 to 0.706188 and εNd(t) from-0.82 to-2.11. Their magmas were derived from an enriched and deep mantle source without significant crustal contamination. These meta-basic volcanic rocks formed in ELIP. Therefore, the Tengtiaohe Zone is not an ophiolite zone and can link to the Song Da Zone in northern Vietnam.  相似文献   

19.
朱永峰  孙世华  毛骞  刘焰 《地质论评》1999,45(7):1151-1154
本文报道了内蒙古东部早二叠纪火山岩的痕量元素地球化学特征,讨论了该区火山岩的源区特征,结果表明,内蒙古东部早二叠纪火山岩是不同性质组成的地幔不同程度部分熔融的产物。基性熔岩主要是具有亏损地幔性质的E－MORB高度部分熔融的产物,而中酸性火山岩的源区物质具有OIB特征。具有OIB型富集地幔特征的中酸性火山岩的源区可能是循环到地幔与海水发生强烈作用的古洋壳物质。这一结果表明,中晚古生代时期中朝板块与西伯利亚板块拼合后,俯冲到地幔中的古洋壳在早二叠纪以火山作用的方式返回到地壳环境中。  相似文献   

20.
新疆东准噶尔卡拉麦里造山带晚石炭世双峰式火山岩很好地记录了中亚造山带晚古生代时期洋陆转换阶段复杂的岩浆作用过程,对该过程的详细剖析能更好地理解中亚造山带的地质历史.通过该区域晚石炭世巴塔玛依内山组火山岩详细的岩石学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成的研究,并结合区域上已有的研究成果,获得了如下认识:(1) 该套火山岩组合形成于晚石炭世早期320.2±4.2 Ma,为晚石炭世早期陆相喷发的产物.火山岩具明显的双峰式组合的特征,基性端元由碱性系列和拉斑系列的玄武岩、玄武质粗面安山岩组成;酸性端元由粗面岩和流纹岩组成,成分上相当于A型花岗岩;(2) 岩石地球化学和同位素特征显示,该套双峰式火山岩来源于不同的岩浆源区,基性岩来自于亏损的地幔源区,在岩浆上升过程中发生橄榄石及单斜辉石的分离结晶作用并遭受了地壳混染,而酸性岩来自于下地壳的部分熔融;(3) 该套双峰式火山岩产出于后碰撞末期的构造环境,由于洋壳的拆沉作用而引发软流圈上涌,使得上覆的地幔发生部分熔融产生岩浆,同时由于底侵作用导致地壳下部发生部分熔融,喷发出地表形成该双峰式火山岩套,这套双峰式火山岩的出现,标志着东准噶尔卡拉麦里地区造山作用进入尾声.   相似文献   

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