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1.
地幔流体及其金成矿作用：兼论夹皮沟金矿田的地幔流体与成矿 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
地幔流体是以Ｃ－Ｈ－Ｏ为主的体系,富含Ｈ、ＣＯ２、ＣＨ４、Ｈ２Ｓ、Ｈ２Ｏ和大量的不相容元素（如Ｋ、Ｐ、Ｌｉ等）及一定量的金属氧化物,在不同地质环境下其组成成分有一定的变化。地幔流体有地幔柱型、洋中脊玄武岩型和岛弧型３种主要源区,通过交代和（或）溶解地幔、地壳岩石等方式迁移、富集而成矿。夹皮沟金矿田内构造－岩浆活动及区域变质作用表明该区地幔活动频繁且强烈,金矿成矿流体具有地幔流体组成和成矿作用特征, 相似文献
2.
中国东南沿海地区地幔岩包体中流体及熔体包裹体研究 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
浙江新昌和福建明溪地区新生代玄武岩中地幔岩包体矿物中的ＣＯ２包裹体和含ＣＯ２硅酸盐岩浆包裹体的研究表明，它们捕获于温度１２０７℃～１２６７℃和压力８１５～１１４７ｍｐａ条件下，约相当于３０～５０ｋｍ深的上幔环境；ＣＯ２包裹体流体成分是以ＣＯ２为主，有ＣＨ４、ＣＯ、Ｈ２Ｓ、Ｈ２Ｏ、Ｎ２、和Ｈ２等次要组分，代表地幔流体成分。含ＣＯ２硅酸盐岩浆包裹体均一后成分不同于寄主玄武岩，它富ＳｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＭｇＯ和Ｋ２Ｏ，贫ＦｅＯ和ＣａＯ，反映了未分异原始玄武岩浆的成分，它们可能是研究地区的地幔软流圈－岩石圈界面抬升，压力降低在地幔流体作用下发生的部分熔融作用的产物． 相似文献
3.
地幔流体与地球的放气作用 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
地幔流体的形成、聚集和渗透是引起地幔交代作用的主要营力。地幔交代作用发育的强弱决定着所生成岩浆的碱性程度。地幔流体和部分熔融体高度富集不相容元素,它们与亏损地幔的相互作用可以使后者发生ＬＲＥＥ和不相容元素的局部富集。通过板块俯冲作用使地球表层的ＣＯ２进入地幔,参加地球的碳循环。热点岩浆来源的ＣＯ２中含有部分循环的ＣＯ２,而大洋中脊玄武岩中的ＣＯ２主要是原始地球的ＣＯ２。携带ＣＨ４和Ｈ２Ｏ的流体渗透至被俯冲带带入地幔的物质,使碳酸盐化的榴辉岩还原而形成含金刚石的榴辉岩和富水流体,并诱发局部熔融,所形成的熔体以火山喷发的形式上升到地表。地幔岩石中含有大量的流体,它们主要以流体包裹体的形式存在于地幔矿物中。几乎在所有的上地幔环境下形成的矿物中均找到了流体包裹体。包裹体内流体的成分主要是ＣＯ２,ＣＨ４,Ｈ２Ｏ及少量Ｈ２,Ｎ２等。 相似文献
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成矿流体及成矿机制 总被引：49，自引：0，他引：49
根据成矿流体样品——流体包裹体研究资料，目前已知的成矿流体主要有下列四种类型：（１）硅酸盐熔融体＋Ｍ（金属）；（２）Ｈ２Ｏ＋ＮａＣｌ＋Ｍ；（３）Ｈ２Ｏ＋ＣＯ２＋Ｍ；（４）Ｈ２Ｏ＋有机质＋Ｍ。这里所说的Ｈ２Ｏ，实际上是含有一定溶质的盐水；ＣＯ２则还包含有ＣＨ４、ＣＯ、Ｎ２、Ｈ２、Ｈ２Ｓ等等其它组分。不同的矿种、不同成因的矿床与一定种类的成矿流体有关，也就是说，成矿流体具有一定成矿专属性。通过成矿流体研究，我们认为成矿作用主要有下述几种形成机制：（１）不同种类流体混合成矿机制；（２）单一流体不混溶分离成矿机制；（３）流体＋有机质成矿机制；（４）水—岩交换成矿机制；（５）流体物－化条件改变成矿机制。 相似文献
5.
在许多语气表明，在地球的更深化部位存在着来自地幔的巨厚甲烷储层。这种成因类型的甲烷在Ｃ，Ｏ，Ｈ同位素上与有机质正常裂解所形成的甲烷气明显不同。Ｋｅｌｌｅｙ认为该类ＣＨ４的形成至少有两个阶段；第一阶段涉及到岩浆挥发分，形成的温度较高，ＣＨＲ被捕获在包体中，并在其中继续发生ＣＯ２转化为ＣＨ４的反应，使ＣＨ４聚集较轻的碳同位素，即残留的ＣＯ２比原始地幔气更重；第二阶段发生于４００℃左右，由于冷却作用，在 相似文献
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冀东高级变质岩石的流体包裹体研究 总被引：5，自引：5，他引：5
冀东高级变质的石榴石斜长片麻岩、含或不含石榴石的角闪二辉斜长片麻岩、紫苏花岗岩、斜长角门岩等岩石中的流体包裹体主要有４类，按形成的先后顺序依次为：（１）Ｈ２Ｏ和ＣＯ２两液相包裹体，ＣＯ２的部分均一温度是－１２℃，密度１．０４ｇ／ｃｍ３，Ｈ２Ｏ含量２１％～３９％（ｍｏｌｅ％），ＣＯ２含量５０％～７１％（ｍｏｌｅ％）；（２）ＣＯ２液相包裹体，冰点温度－５６℃～－６１℃，均一温度－７．４℃～－３５．１℃，ＣＯ２密度约为１．０５ｇ／ｃｍ３，ＣＯ２含量８２．１％～９８．４％（ｍｏｌｅ％），还有少量的ＣＨ４、Ｎ２和Ｈ２等组分；（３）Ｈ２Ｏ和ＣＯ２多相包裹体，ＣＯ２的部分均一温度７℃～２８℃，ＣＯ２密度为０．６４～０．９３ｇ／ｃｍ３，气相组分以ＣＯ２、ＣＨ４和ＣＯ为主，液相成分主要是Ｈ２Ｏ和ＣＯ２；（４）多世代盐水溶液包裹体，冰点温度－０．５℃～－２０℃，盐度０．８７％～２２．８％（ｗｔ％），盐水密度０．７～１．０５ｇ／ｃｍ３，均一温度在１５０℃～２００℃和约３００℃，存在两个峰值。不同世代的流体包裹体记录了等密度降温的Ｐ－Ｔ路径。包裹体反映的变质作用早期降温过程流体的Ｈ２Ｏ／Ｈ２Ｏ＋ＣＯ２（ｍｏｌｅ）比值降低，晚期升高 相似文献
7.
大别山榴辉岩（牌楼）P－T－t轨迹 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文重点研究了大别山潜山，牌楼地区榴辉岩Ｐ－Ｔ－ｔ轨迹，探讨了大别山地区榴辉岩成因，认为榴辉岩原岩主要是碱性玄武岩，少部分洋脊拉斑玄武岩岩浆早期结晶分异堆晶岩及部分钙质沉积岩。它们在华北与杨子板块碰撞时（２６０±３０Ｍａ），地壳向下俯冲到４０－６０ｋｍ处，温度５５０°－８３０°Ｃ，压力１．１－２．１ＧＰａ的条件下形成的。在构造抬升过程中，榴辉岩产生了角闪岩相、绿片岩相退变质作用，角闪岩相温压条件：４６０°－５７０℃，０．４－０．７ＧＰａ。流体包裹体研究表明：流体包体成分主要为ＮａＣｌ－Ｈ＿２Ｏ，Ｈ＿２Ｏ，ＮａＣｌ－ＣＯ＿２－Ｈ＿２Ｏ体系，变质作用过程从早至晚由氧化向还原环境转化。熔融包体的发现表明：榴辉岩形成具有局部深熔作用。从榴辉岩产状、岩石化学、地球化学特征表明本地区榴辉岩不是一种成因，同时具有Ｂ类、Ｃ类榴辉岩特征。 相似文献
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通过对下四种环境中岩浆混染作用的实验研究：（１）俯冲板块之上；（２）地幔－陆壳边界界之下和（３）地幔－际壳边界之上；（４）浅部地壳内。用含Ｈ２Ｏ硅质熔体橄榄岩或角闪岩之间反应的一系列清楚的边界确定了；（１）混染熔体内的扩散断面和（２）二种物质之质的结晶反应带。由含Ｈ２Ｏ的橄榄岩－英云闪长岩－花岗岩混合物确定了一些相界，这些相界能区分从俯冲板块中产生的并经过地幔上升的熔体的混染程度和与橄榄岩（如堆积 相似文献
9.
闽北570隐爆碎屑岩型铀（银、钼）矿床成矿物理化学条件及物质来源研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
据产出在闽北中生代陆相长英质火山岩中受隐爆碎屑岩控制，以铀、银、钼共生为特征的５７０矿床流体包裹体及氢、氧同位素研究表明：５７０矿床成矿温度为１５０～１８０℃，成矿流体以富含ＨＣＯ~－_３、Ｆ－、ＳＯ~２－_４、Ｋ＋、Ｎａ＋等组分为特征，铀主要以ＵＯ２（ＣＯ３）~２－_２、ＵＯ２（ＵＯ３）~４－_３、ＵＯ２Ｆ~２－_４、ＵＯ２Ｆ~－_３形式运移，成矿富集作用与两种不同成因水溶液（火山热液和大气降水）的混合有关。对火山岩、基底变质岩和花岗岩的铅、硫同位素及成矿元素地球化学研究表明：５７０矿床成矿物质来源与基底岩石（花岗岩及变质岩）关系密切，具多源特点，高溪花岗岩体和南园组火山岩是铀的主要贡献者，钼主要来自火山热液，而银主要来源于麻源群变质岩。 相似文献
10.
试论幔源C－H－O流体与大陆板内某些地质作用 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
本文主要从流体来源、组成及其运移等方面介绍了幔源Ｃ－Ｈ－Ｏ流体系统的基本特征，提出了上地幔不同深度上存在两个Ｃ－Ｈ－Ｏ流体储区的看法，即上部的富ＣＯ＿２储区及下部的富Ｈ＿２Ｏ储区。进一步分析了地幔流体的地球化学和动力学意义，初步探讨了它与大陆板块内部构造岩浆活动及有关成矿作用的可能关系。 相似文献
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12.
Takeshi Ohba Takeshi Sawa Noriyasu Taira Tsanyao Frank Yang Hsiao Fen Lee Tefang Faith Lan Michiko Ohwada Noritoshi Morikawa Kohei Kazahaya 《Applied Geochemistry》2010
Two distinctive magmatic fluids were recognized in the Tatun volcanic group (TVG), Taiwan. One is a relatively reduced fluid represented by the fumarolic gases at Hsiao-you-ken (HYK) geothermal field. Another is an oxidized fluid containing high concentrations of HCl represented by the fumarolic gases at Da-you-ken (DYK). An intermediate gas was recognized at Gung-tze-ping (GTP) and She-hung-ping (SHP). The fumarolic gases at HYK and GTP possess the features of so-called primary steam generated on mixing of magmatic gas and meteoric groundwater. The fumarolic gases at DYK are a simple mixture between magmatic gas and water vapor of meteoric origin. The CO2/H2O molar ratio of the magmatic component in the fumarolic gases at DYK was estimated to be 0.018, meanwhile it was estimated to be 0.027 for the fumarolic gases at HYK and GTP, suggesting the magma beneath DYK is depleted in volatiles relative to the magma beneath HYK and GTP. The estimated CO2/H2O ratio for the magmatic component is comparable to that of some active volcanoes in Japan, suggesting the enrichment of volatiles in the magmas beneath TVG. 相似文献
13.
Fluid inclusions in olivine and orthopyroxene of mantle peridotites from the Yushigou ophiolite can be divided into three types based on decrepitation temperature,shape and distribution.Type-1 fluid inclusions are characterized by oval or negative crystal shapes and small size(<5μm across).They occur in the cores and mantles of the host crystals,and decrepitated at>840℃.Type- 2 fluid inclusions have irregular or tabular shapes with relatively large size(10～100μm in length).They occur in irregular or circular healed micro-fractures in the host crystals,and decrepitated at 612～710℃.Type-3 fluid inclusions have size and shape,similar to type-2 fluid inclusions but occur in micro-fractures restricted to the margins of the host crystals,and decrepitated at much lower temperature from 190℃to 340℃.The three different types of fluid inclusions are interpreted to represent primary,metasomatic (pseudo-secondary)and secondary inclusions,respectively.Stepwise heating reveals three concentration peaks of volatiles at 200～400℃,400～800℃and 800～1200℃released from olivine and orthopyroxene in harzburgite and dunite from the Yushigou ophiolite, which are considered to correspond to the decrepitation of secondary,metasomatic and primary fluid inclusions at similar temperature ranges.CO2 is a major constituent in the volatiles released at three different temperature intervals.Trace amounts of H_2 and N_2 are present in the volatiles released at<800℃and trace amounts of H_2O and SO_2 are mainly present in the volatiles at 400～800℃.TheδD(-95.2‰,-306.3‰)of H_2O and theδ~(13)C(-15.5～-12.5‰)andδ~(18)O values(1.4～1.9‰)of CO_2 released at<800℃are lower than normal mantle values and suggest the mixing origin of crustal fluids( sedimentary organic)with ocean water,implying that Yushigou AOLM had undergone an intensive metasomatism by a fluid composed of CO_2.H_2O and SO_2,and followed by degassing. In contrast,the volatiles released at 800～1200℃are characterized by trace amounts of H_2 and CO in dunite and SO_2 in harzburgite, much lighterδ~(13)C(-29.1‰～-19.5‰),heavierδ~(13)O(8.8‰)of CO_2 and positive relationship between these isotopic ratios and the concentration of CO_2.Such features can be best explained by mixing of significant terrestrial crustal(organic)and minor mantle volatiles.We proposed that the Yishigou peridotites are more likely to have derived from a continental lithosphere instead of an oceanic lithosphere comprising the Yishigou gabbros and pillowed basalts.A supra-subduction tectonic setting is thus inferred for the Yushigou ophiolite. 相似文献
14.
地幔流体是以C-H-O为主的体系,富含H、CO2、CH4、H2S、H2O和大量的不相容元素（如K、P、Li等）及一定量的金属氧化物,在不同地质环境下其组成成分有一定的变化.地幔流体有地幔柱型、洋中脊玄武岩型和岛弧型3种主要源区,通过交代和（或）溶解地幔、地壳岩石等方式迁移、富集而成矿.夹皮沟金矿田内构造-岩浆活动及区域变质作用表明该区地幔活动频繁且强烈,金矿成矿流体具有地幔流体组成和成矿作用特征,显示金矿成矿作用与地幔流体活动密切相关 相似文献
15.
惰性气体同位素和卤素示踪成矿流体来源 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文简要地回顾了流体包裹体中He、Ar同位素以及Cl、Br和I在现代地壳流体和古成矿流体示踪研究方面的应用，认为利用流体包裹体中He、Ar同位素和Cl、Br、I可以有效地示踪地幔流体参与成矿的过程及其背景，有助于深入研究流体的热场和运移轨迹。 相似文献
16.
Compositions of Upper Mantle Fluids Beneath Eastern China: Implications for Mantle Evolution 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
ZHANG Mingjie WANG Xianbin LIU Gang ZHANG Tongwei BO WenruiInstitute of Geological Science Lanzhou University Lanzhou Gansu Key Lab of Gas-Geochemistry Lanzhou Institute of Geology CAS Lanzhou Gansu First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao Shandong 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(1):125-130
The composition of gases trapped in olivine, orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene in Iherzolite xenoliths collected from different locations in eastern China has been measured by the vacuum stepped-heating mass spectrometry. These xenoliths are hosted in alkali basalts and considered as residues of partial melting of the upper mantle, and may contain evidence of mantle evolution. The results show that various kinds of fluid inclusions in Iherzolite xenoliths have been released at distinct times, which could be related to different stages of mantle evolution. In general, primitive fluids of the upper mantle (PFUM) beneath eastern China are dominated by H2, CO2 and CO, and are characterized by high contents of H2 and reduced gases. The compositions of PFUM are highly variable and related to tectonic settings. CO, CO2 and H2 are the main components of the PFUM beneath cratons; the PFUM in the mantle enriched in potassic metasomatism in the northern part of northeastern China has a high content of H2, while CO2 a 相似文献
17.
Current models predict that the early atmosphere consisted mostly of CO2, N2, and H2O, along with traces of H2 and CO. Such models are based on the assumption that the redox state of the upper mantle has not changed, so that volcanic gas composition has remained approximately constant with time. We argue here that this assumption is probably incorrect: the upper mantle was originally more reduced than today, although not as reduced as the metal arrest level, and has become progressively more oxidized as a consequence of the release of reduced volcanic gases and the subduction of hydrated, oxidized seafloor. Data on the redox state of sulfide and chromite inclusions in diamonds imply that the process of mantle oxidation was slow, so that reduced conditions could have prevailed for as much as half of the earth's history. To be sure, other oxybarometers of ancient rocks give different results, so the question of when the mantle redox state has changed remains unresolved. Mantle redox evolution is intimately linked to the oxidation state of the primitive atmosphere: A reduced Archean atmosphere would have had a high hydrogen escape rate and should correspond to a changing mantle redox state; an oxidized Archean atmosphere should be associated with a constant mantle redox state. The converses of these statements are also true. Finally, our theory of mantle redox evolution may explain why the Archean atmosphere remained oxygen-deficient until approximately 2.0 billion years ago (Ga) despite a probable early origin for photosynthesis. 相似文献
18.
东天山香山镁铁-超镁铁岩中富CH4流体包裹体的特征及其意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
香山岩体是东天山镁铁-超镁铁杂岩带的一个典型岩体，相带发育。各相带都含有韭闪石质普通角闪石巨晶，后环绕橄榄石和拉长石生长，构成包橄结构和包含结构，表明母岩浆富水。本研究的样品采自于香山岩体中岩体。拉长石和橄榄石中的流体包裹体孤立分布，或成群分布，大小不等，无明显方向性，或成串分布，平行于寄主矿物的颗粒边界和生长晶面。流体包裹体主要为原生，一部分为次生或假次生，是在以角闪石结晶为标志的岩浆流体大量出溶期间捕获的，因而代表了岩浆源区的流体。运用显微激光拉曼光谱仪，在100～4000cm。全波段范围内对拉长石和橄榄石中的50多个流体包裹体的气泡进行了分析。结果表明，流体包裹体的气体成分分为4类：a)富CH4气体；b)富H2O气体；c)H2O CH4混合气体；d)多组分(C2H6 N2 CH4，C2H6 CH4 N2 C4H6)混合气体。因而，香山岩体所携带的流体是一种富CH4等还原性挥发份和富H2O的流体。由于上地幔处于相对氧化状态，上地幔的挥发份以CO2为主。因而，香山岩体的母岩浆和流体应该来自于地幔过渡带或软流圈，这同时也表明新疆北部晚古生代的地幔过渡带或软流圈可能是未被氧化的、含C—H系列流体的圈层。俯冲板片的再循环，为地幔深处的H2O提供了来源。富CH4还原性C—H流体和富H2O流体，为地幔深处的熔融发挥了重要作用，进而产生了新疆北部造山后广泛分布的镁铁一超镁铁岩浆以及铜镍硫化物矿床。 相似文献
19.
西天山阿希金矿流体包裹体研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
西天山阿希金矿含金石英脉内流体包裹体粒度细小,形态多样,以单一液相为主.化学成分上属K+（Na+）-SO2-4（Cl-）型,其中阳离子成分以K+为主,Na+次之;阴离子成分以SO2-4为主,Cl-次之;气相成分以H2O、CO2为主,富含O2、N2等气体,还原性气体（H2、CH4、CO等）含量亦较高.成矿作用发生于浅成（300~900m）、低温（120~180℃）和较封闭的还原环境.成矿流体盐度低,主要为大气降水并混以少量火山成因的岩浆水. 相似文献
20.
铀钍的地球化学及对地壳演化和生物进化的影响 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8
本文论述了在含挥发份和贫挥发份条件下Ｕ、Ｔｈ的迁移行为及其对地球和行星演化的影响,并阐述了造成地球独特地质演化历史的原因。提出了Ｕ、Ｔｈ在地球中的迁移模式以及该模式对地壳形成、演化的控制作用和对生物发展演化的可能影响。 相似文献