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本文以北京市怀柔区为例,通过现场调查,对688处崩塌灾害分别以面数据和点数据的形式获取了两套编目图。根据现场调查和资料分析,选取岩性、地形、断裂和道路建设作为该区崩塌灾害的主控因素,采用频率比(FR)模型对崩塌灾害的易发性进行了评价。为了对评价结果的预测性进行检验,采用随机分割法,选取了415处崩塌用于频率比模型的计算,剩余的273处崩塌用于评价结果预测性的验证。预测曲线表明,基于崩塌面数据的评价结果比基于点数据的评价结果具有明显的优越性。根据基于面数据的频率比模型评价结果,可以将研究区的崩塌灾害易发性划分为5个等级:较低易发(占全区14%)、低易发(占全区20%)、中等易发(占全区27%)、高易发(占全区22%)和极高易发(占全区17%)。相关工作和结论可以为区域地质灾害易发性评价中编目图的编制提供参考,并为怀柔区区域国土利用和防灾减灾提供指导。 相似文献
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以万山区为例,在区域滑坡孕灾条件的基础上,筛选工程地质岩组、斜坡结构、平均坡度、地貌、距构造距离及距河流距离共6个易发条件因子,选取逻辑回归模型和信息量模型对山区滑坡进行易发性评价。结果显示逻辑回归模型中中高易发区面积占比分别为1578%和1970%,82%的地质灾害点落在该区域内;信息量模型中中高易发区面积占比为1241%、2519%,包含了区域88%的滑坡灾害点。最后通过实际发生的灾害点在各易发区的分布情况进行检验,逻辑回归模型中灾害点落在高易发区的比例远小于信息量模型,且高易发等级中灾害点实际发生的比值较小,说明针对山区区域滑坡地质灾害易发性评价结果预测上,信息量模型的评价结果更为客观准确。 相似文献
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在研究广东省崩塌、滑坡、泥石流孕灾环境的基础上,选取高程、坡度、地质年代、岩性、距断层距离、距水系距离、归一化植被指数(NDVI)7个因子作为地质灾害易发条件因子。首先利用CF模型计算出7个因子各分类级别的CF值,然后将各因子的CF值作为自变量,是否发生地质灾害作为因变量,利用Logistic回归模型得到各因子的回归系数。再对各因子之间的独立性进行检验,所选7个因子都符合独立性检验条件,全部进入到逻辑回归方程中,计算出各独立单元发生崩滑流地质灾害的概率。根据计算结果将广东省崩滑流地质灾害易发程度划分成四类:极低易发区(16.63%),低易发区(28.65%),中易发区(32.57%),高易发区(22.15%)。评价模型的合理性和精确度都符合检验要求,说明采用确定性系模型和逻辑回归模型能够较为客观准确地评价广东省地质灾害易发性。 相似文献
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滑坡灾害易发性研究对地质灾害风险管理及减灾防灾有着重要的现实意义。目前,多模型耦合的评价方法在国内外应用较为广泛,但将证据权与其他方法相结合用于滑坡易发性评价的研究却较少。鉴于此,本文以浙江省永嘉县为例进行滑坡易发性评价,选取高程等9个因素作为滑坡易发性的评价因子。利用证据权模型计算得到的证据权对比度与分级栅格比、滑坡栅格比进行比较,实现各评价因子状态分级处理;再运用Logistic回归模型算得各评价因子的权重。综合两种模型确定的状态分级权重和评价因子权重,基于GIS的栅格运算功能得到各评价单元的滑坡发生概率,实现研究区滑坡易发性分级区划。研究结果表明,证据权与Logistic回归耦合模型的评价结果的合理性与精确度均优于两种单一模型;且极高易发区和高易发区主要分布在水系延展区、断层密集区、岩组软弱区。研究结果对滑坡灾害风险管理及城市防灾规划具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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基于逻辑回归模型和确定性系数的崩滑流危险性区划 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
崩滑流是崩塌、滑坡和泥石流地质灾害的总称。本文根据逻辑回归模型和贵州省崩滑流地质灾害发生的确定性系数CF,统计贵州省内崩滑流发生概率与其影响因子之间的函数关系; 并利用GIS技术编制贵州省崩滑流地质灾害危险性区划图。首先根据影响因子子集中已发崩滑流灾害面积和影响因子子集面积来计算崩滑流地质灾害发生的确定性系数CF; 其次将灾害是否发生作为因变量,影响因子子集发生崩滑流地质灾害的确定性系数CF作为自变量,应用逻辑回归模型统计分析它们之间的函数关系; 然后利用GIS技术计算研究区内各独立属性单元发生崩滑流地质灾害的概率p,按p值10等分标准将研究区划分为10个危险性等级区,并绘制贵州省崩滑流地质灾害危险性区划图; 最后用已发崩滑流地质灾害的分布数据来检验危险性区划的效果。研究结果表明:本文根据逻辑回归模型和崩滑流地质灾害发生的确定性系数CF,将贵州省分为Ⅰ～Ⅹ的10个崩滑流地质灾害危险性等级区与实际情况基本符合,能够良好地反映贵州省境内发生崩滑流地质灾害的难易程度。 相似文献
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藏东南帕隆藏布流域雪崩关键影响因素与易发性区划研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
雪崩灾害是青藏高原广泛分布的一类灾害,通过对雪崩的关键影响因素分析,构建雪崩灾害易发性评价体系,可为布局在青藏高原的川藏铁路等重大工程建设的防灾减灾工作提供科学支撑。本文以藏东南帕隆藏布流域为例,基于遥感解译和野外调查,识别出381个崩至林线以下的沟槽型雪崩范围,综合选取了18个雪崩影响因子,运用主成分分析法(PCA)对影响因子进行分析,获得了帕隆藏布流域雪崩发育的关键影响因素,并赋予各影响因素权重,通过加权信息量(PCA-Ⅰ)和加权确定性系数(PCA-CF)进行雪崩易发性区划,采用ROC曲线进行精度检验。结果表明,帕隆藏布流域内雪崩活动的关键影响因素可归纳为气候气象、宏观地形、微观地形和抑制作用成分4类主成分因素,其中气候气象解释了30.61%的数据变异,地形地貌解释了21.23%的数据变异;PCA-Ⅰ模型计算的雪崩易发性区划指数在[-2.41,1.365]区间内,PCA-CF得到雪崩易发性区划指数在[-0.549,0.424]区间内,两者ROC曲线的AUC均大于0.70;但PCA-Ⅰ模型计算的雪崩易发性结果在帕隆藏布下游通麦段的河谷区呈现明显的异常区,相对而言,PCA-CF模型计算的雪崩易发性区划指数更合理,且其ROC曲线的AUC评价精度高达0.913。整体结果表明雪崩高易发区域主要分布于帕隆藏布上游窄谷段(然乌至玉普段)、中下游(玉普至通麦段)两岸山岭的山脊部位和各支流窄谷段。 相似文献
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本文通过对平凉市崆峒区城市地质灾害调查数据的综合分析,采用层次分析法构建崆峒区城区地质灾害易发性评价指标体系,根据城区地质灾害分布发育特征,建立崩塌、滑坡、泥石流地质灾害易发性层次结构模型,确定其影响因素权重,对崆峒区城市范围的地质灾害易发性进行了分区评价,其评价结果与实际条件比较吻合。其区划成果对崆峒区城市发展规划、减灾防灾以及灾害治理提供了可靠的依据,为开展黄土高原河谷阶地型城市地质灾害易发性评价工作具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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贵州省都匀市滑坡易发性评价研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
都匀市是贵州省城镇滑坡地质灾害多发频发区。文章以都匀市沙包堡镇为研究区,采用栅格单元提取高程、坡度、岩性、水系等9项致灾因子,分别使用都基于数学统计模型的定量分析方法（二元逻辑回归模型、信息量模型）和定性分析方法（层次分析模型）对都匀市研究区滑坡地质灾害易发性进行评价。结果表明:二元逻辑回归模型预测精度与预测效果均为最优,其ROC曲线下面积AUC值为0.873,易发性分区中高易发区和中易发区内预测发生滑坡面积比占95.41%,且最符合野外实地调查验证情况。评价方法与结果可为贵州城镇地区滑坡地质灾害评价和防治提供借鉴。 相似文献
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A landslide susceptibility zonation (LSZ) map helps to understand the spatial distribution of slope failure probability in
an area and hence it is useful for effective landslide hazard mitigation measures. Such maps can be generated using qualitative
or quantitative approaches. The present study is an attempt to utilise a multivariate statistical method called binary logistic
regression (BLR) analysis for LSZ mapping in part of the Garhwal Lesser Himalaya, India, lying close to the Main Boundary
Thrust (MBT). This method gives the freedom to use categorical and continuous predictor variables together in a regression
analysis. Geographic Information System has been used for preparing the database on causal factors of slope instability and
landslide locations as well as for carrying out the spatial modelling of landslide susceptibility. A forward stepwise logistic
regression analysis using maximum likelihood estimation method has been used in the regression. The constant and the coefficients
of the predictor variables retained by the regression model have been used to calculate the probability of slope failure for
the entire study area. The predictive logistic regression model has been validated by receiver operating characteristic curve
analysis, which has given 91.7% accuracy for the developed BLR model. 相似文献
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会宁县地处甘肃省中部,地质灾害极为发育,共发育有崩塌16处、滑坡12处、泥石流7条,地质灾害已对研究区造成了重大经济损失。为了对会宁县地质灾害易发性进行分区评价及指导防灾减灾,在区域地质灾害调查的基础上,建立了地质灾害数据库,采用层次分析法和GIS空间分析统计方法,选取14个基础指标,建立了会宁县地质灾害易发性分析评价模型,对评价单元叠加分析计算及验证分析,将会宁县地质灾害的易发程度划分为3个区,即高易发区、中易发区和低易发区。通过专家评审法检验地质灾害易发性评价结果,认为评价结果与实际地质灾害情况相符性较好,可以为制定会宁县地质灾害综合防治措施提供依据。 相似文献
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Susceptibility zoning of geological disasters based on GIS: A case of Huining area in Gansu Province
Huining County is located in the central part of Gansu Province, and the geological disasters are extremely developed in this area. There are 16 collapses, 12 landslides and 7 mudslides, which have caused great economic loss. In order to divide and evaluate the susceptibility zoning of geological disasters in Huining County, the authors established the geological disaster database based on the regional geological disaster investigations. The evaluation model of geological disaster susceptibility analysis was established by the analytic hierarchy process and statistical method of GIS spatial analysis, and 14 basic indicator layers were selected. The evaluation units were overlaid, analyzed and verified, and the results show that the geological disaster susceptibility in Huining County can be divided into three zones of high easy-happening area, medium easy-happening area and low easy-happening area. It is considered that the evaluation results are in good agreement with the actual situation of geological disasters, with the expert evaluation method to examine the geological disaster susceptibility results. The evaluation results can provide some reference for the comprehensive prevention and treatment of geological disasters in Huining County. 相似文献
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Landslide susceptibility zonation mapping using logistic regression and its validation in Hashtchin Region,northwest of Iran 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Reza Talaei 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2014,84(1):68-86
Landslide susceptibility zonation mapping assists researchers greatly to understand the spatial distribution of slope failure probability in a region. Being extremely useful in reducing landslide hazards, such maps could simply be produced using both qualitative and quantitative methods. In the present study, a multivariate statistical method called ‘logistic regression’ was used to assess landslide susceptibility in Hashtchin region, situated in west of Alborz Mountainsnorthwest of Iran. In this study, two independent variables, categorical (predictor) and continuous, were drawn on together in the model. To identify the region’s landslides use was made of aerial photographs, field studies and topographic maps. To prepare the database of factors affecting the region’s landslides and to determine landslide zones, geographic information system (GIS) was used. Using such information, landslide susceptibility modeling was accomplished. The data related to factors causing landslides were extracted as independent variables in each cell (in 50 m×50 m cells). Then, the whole data were input into the SPSS, Version 18. The prepared database was later analyzed using logistic regression, the forward stepwise method and based on maximum likelihood estimation. Regression equation was determined using obtained constants and coefficients and the landslide susceptibility of the area in grid-cells (pixels) was computed between 0 and 0.9954. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the accuracy of the logistic regression model. The predicting ability of the model was 84.1% given the area under ROC curve. Finally, the degree of success of landslide susceptibility zonation mapping was estimated to be 79%. 相似文献
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Predictive landslide susceptibility mapping using spatial information in the Pechabun area of Thailand 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Hyun-Joo Oh Saro Lee Wisut Chotikasathien Chang Hwan Kim Ju Hyoung Kwon 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(3):641-651
For predictive landslide susceptibility mapping, this study applied and verified probability model, the frequency ratio and
statistical model, logistic regression at Pechabun, Thailand, using a geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing.
Landslide locations were identified in the study area from interpretation of aerial photographs and field surveys, and maps
of the topography, geology and land cover were constructed to spatial database. The factors that influence landslide occurrence,
such as slope gradient, slope aspect and curvature of topography and distance from drainage were calculated from the topographic
database. Lithology and distance from fault were extracted and calculated from the geology database. Land cover was classified
from Landsat TM satellite image. The frequency ratio and logistic regression coefficient were overlaid for landslide susceptibility
mapping as each factor’s ratings. Then the landslide susceptibility map was verified and compared using the existing landslide
location. As the verification results, the frequency ratio model showed 76.39% and logistic regression model showed 70.42%
in prediction accuracy. The method can be used to reduce hazards associated with landslides and to plan land cover. 相似文献
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Landslide susceptibility mapping in the Damrei Romel area, Cambodia using frequency ratio and logistic regression models 总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24
This study applied, tested and compared a probability model, a frequency ratio and statistical model, a logistic regression to Damre Romel area, Cambodia, using a geographic information system. For landslide susceptibility mapping, landslide locations were identified in the study area from interpretation of aerial photographs and field surveys, and a spatial database was constructed from topographic maps, geology and land cover. The factors that influence landslide occurrence, such as slope, aspect, curvature and distance from drainage were calculated from the topographic database. Lithology and distance from lineament were extracted and calculated from the geology database. Land cover was classified from Landsat TM satellite imagery. The relationship between the factors and the landslides was calculated using frequency ratio and logistic regression models. The relationships, frequency ratio and logistic regression coefficient were overlaid to make landslide susceptibility map. Then the landslide susceptibility map was compared with known landslide locations and tested. As the result, the frequency ratio model (86.97%) and the logistic regression (86.37%) had high and similar prediction accuracy. The landslide susceptibility map can be used to reduce hazards associated with landslides and to land cover planning. 相似文献
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滑坡易发性定量评估是预测滑坡发生空间概率的重要手段,基于统计分析原理的评估方法目前在国内外应用最为广泛,且不同评估方法的对比研究逐渐成为热点。以青海沙塘川流域黄土梁峁区为例,剖析了信息量模型和逻辑回归模型在滑坡易发性评估中的优越性和局限性,并探索提出基于二者的耦合模型。考虑坡度、坡向、起伏度、岩性、与干流距离、与支流距离和植被指数等7个影响因素,对比分析了基于信息量、逻辑回归及二者耦合模型的滑坡易发性评估的技术流程及结果。3种模型的成功率分别为:耦合模型成功率(78. 9%)>信息量模型成功率(71. 8%)>逻辑回归模型成功率(70. 8%)。在沙塘川流域黄土滑坡的易发性评估中,信息量和逻辑回归模型的表现基本相当,但信息量-逻辑回归耦合模型的成功率明显提升。该研究结果可为黄土高原区滑坡易发性定量评估提供借鉴。 相似文献
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结合辽宁省新宾县地质灾害发育情况,在充分分析影响该地区地质灾害发生发展的自然因素和人为因素基础上,应用模糊综合评判方法,通过网格单元剖分,对泥石流、崩塌、滑坡、地面塌陷、地裂缝5种地质灾害进行易发程度划分与评价.结合Visual BASIC软件编程对各单元区评定等级,对其数字化结果进行叠加分析,最后应用Sufer 7.0软件生成等值线进行了新宾县地质灾害易发区的划分并作出评价. 相似文献
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宜兴市地质环境条件复杂,人类工程活动强烈,地质灾害发育、危害严重。本文通过对宜兴市地质灾害发育现状、形成条件及影响因素分析,选取了评价因子,在网格剖分的基础上,采用加权指数模型,分别计算出每个单元的滑坡和崩塌、岩溶地面塌陷、采空地面塌陷的易发程度指数,然后利用MapGIS的空间分析功能进行叠加,得到宜兴市的地质灾害易发程度综合指数分区图,划分出地质灾害高、中、低和不易发区,为科学地开展地质灾害防治提供了依据。 相似文献