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1.
北塬剖面碳酸钙记录的末次间冰期气候不稳定性 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
最近格陵兰冰芯深孔ＧＲＩＰ揭示末次间冰期气候急剧不稳定、但邻近的另一冰芯ＧＩＳＰ２却表明这一时期气候是稳定的。其结论对将来气候的预测是至关重要的。临夏北塬高分辨率黄土－古土壤连续ＣａＣＯ３记录表明，气候在ＭＩＳ－５ｅ期间曾发生过３次显著的温暖时期和两次明显严寒的急剧大幅度皮动，与格陵兰ＧＲＩＰ孔气候记录一致。 相似文献
2.
我国中低纬度末次冰消期气候转暖 与高纬度气候变化的关系* 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
末次冰消期转暖的过程和机制一直是古气候研究的热点,然而对于末次冰消期全球气候在时间、空间上的变化以及热带低纬度地区在其中发挥的作用仍不明确。文章根据我国中低纬度地区的湖光岩玛珥湖、渭南黄土剖面和东海DGKS9603孔沉积物中的植硅体等环境指标的分析,研究了末次冰消期在这些地区的变化特点,并结合古里雅冰芯和南京葫芦洞石笋氧同位素记录与南极BYRD冰芯、北极格陵兰GRIP冰芯氧同位素记录进行了对比。结果表明,各地区转暖的时间并不同步,明显受印度洋季风或东南季风影响的古里雅、湖光岩地区是气候转暖较早的地区,格陵兰地区的快速转暖滞后于我国中低纬度转暖1.5~2.0ka以上。如何理解高纬度和热带低纬度地区气候转暖的差异性问题及其原因和机制有待于更多高分辨率气候记录研究和模型的检验。 相似文献
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4.
NEEM计划2537.36m透底深冰芯的钻取与成果概述 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
NEEM(格陵兰北部Eemian冰芯钻取)计划是目前最重要的国际冰芯研究计划,来自14个国家超过300名的科学家参与,目标是获得130～115ka BP甚至更古老的Eemian间冰期的透底冰芯和气候信息;此冰芯长达2 537.36m,最后2m冰芯含有数十万年的基岩和其他物质.介绍了NEEM计划深冰芯的钻取背景和NEEM计划概况,以及NEEM计划获取的成果,并详述我国科学家在2010年度深冰芯钻取过程中取得的认识. 相似文献
5.
末次间冰期以来地球气候系统的突变 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
地球气候系统的突然变化是近年来地学研究的热点。取自极地冰芯、海洋沉积物和陆地的古气候记录表明,末次间冰期以来全球经历了一系列数百年—千年时间尺度的气候突变事件,证明了在末次冰期—间冰期旋回大尺度气候变化背景下,全球气候存在较大不稳定性这一基本事实。尽管末次间冰期以来这些数百年—千年时间尺度气候突变事件的成因和影响范围还存在明显的不确定性,但已从诸如末次间冰期(MIS 5e)中期的干冷事件、末次冰期的Dansgaard-Oeschger旋回、Heinrich事件和Younger Dryas事件以及发生在全新世冰后期的一些降温事件的研究中,获得对过去130 ka来气候变化过程总体上的认识和理解。综述了近年来的主要研究成果,介绍了有关末次间冰期以来全球气候突变事件发生的时间、过程和机制等最新的研究进展。 相似文献
6.
220ka BP来萨拉乌苏河流域地质剖面地球化学特征及其对全球气候变化的响应 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
萨拉乌苏河流域位于我国北方沙漠/黄土过渡带和生态脆弱带,它对全球气候变化反映非常敏感,是研究全球气候变化响应的理想区域.对该区域滴哨沟湾剖面地球化学元素氧化物及其比值变化进行了分析,结果表明:约220 ka BP以来我国北方气候变化极不稳定,存在着不同时间尺度的频繁变化,这种不稳定性无论是在冰期还是间冰期都有很好的反映.其中倒数第二次间冰期存在3次气候波动;倒数第二次冰期存在7个气候旋回;末次间冰期存在7个气候旋回;末次冰期存在9个气候旋回.这些气候变化与深海氧同位素、极地冰芯反映的全球变化具有良好的对应关系,反映了该区气候变化与全球变化的高度一致性. 相似文献
7.
冰芯记录中末次间冰期-冰期旋回气候突变事件的研究进展 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
冰芯记录中的气候变化是古气候研究中的重要组成部分. 极地、中低纬度和热带地区的冰芯记录表明, 在冰期间冰期旋回大尺度气候变化背景下, 全球经历了一系列数百年至千年时间尺度的快速气候突变事件, 诸如末次间冰期的干冷事件、末次冰期的DansgaardOeschger事件、 Heinrich事件和Younger Dryas事件等, 虽然这些穿插在冰阶中的暖湿气候事件、间冰阶中的干冷气候事件的成因、机制和影响范围还存在明显的不确定性. 主要介绍不同区域冰芯记录中末次间冰期冰期旋回这些气候突变事件发生的时间、过程和机制等的研究进展. 相似文献
8.
末次冰消期带湖光岩玛珥湖古季风变化记录 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
末次冰消期热带湖光岩玛珥湖沉积物高分辨率的生物硅、总有机碳、总氮和决氢等有机地化指标记录显示了一系列百年至升年尺度的快速变化,表明季风环流系统运行的强烈不稳定性,这种不稳定性变化与格陵兰冰芯记录的气候事件相比较,表现出一定的遥相关,但也表现出了末交肖期初始转暖低纬度区超前高纬度区的显著不同,这种变化可能与低纬度区热带水文循环的驱动作用相关。 相似文献
9.
大气CO2浓度与温度变化的时序关系是第四纪古气候研究的基本问题之一,对于理解目前人类所面临的气候变化问题具有参考价值。两极地区的冰芯既保存了气候变化的信号,也是大气CO2浓度的良好记录载体,为研究大气CO2浓度与温度变化的时序关系提供了重要线索。利用冰芯来重建过去的气候和大气CO2浓度的变化历史最早始于格陵兰地区,但是重建结果的时间跨度较短,目前最长的记录还未能跨越末次间冰期;而且,格陵兰冰芯内沉积了大量的碳酸盐粉尘,它们会与冰芯气泡内的酸发生化学反应生成额外的CO2,从而导致格陵兰冰芯重建的气泡CO2浓度偏差较大,不能真实地反映当时的大气CO2水平。南极冰芯是目前关于大气CO2浓度与温度变化时序关系研究的主要载体,利用大量的冰芯记录建立的冰层年代标尺已经较为精确,但是由于冰芯气泡的锁定深度较难得到精确的估算,使得重建的大气CO2浓度的年代标尺还存在较大的不确定性,这是二者之间的时序关系问题难以解决的最主要因素。此外,随着大量高质量古气候记录的不断积累,更大空间范围(不再局限于南极地区)内的温度变化与大气CO2浓度的时序关系研究在近年来得以开展,但其分析结果受数据处理方法的影响较大,还需要进行更多的对比探索。 相似文献
10.
柴达木盆地自然伽玛曲线与古里雅冰芯记录的末次间冰期以来气候环 … 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
采用柴达木盆地达参１井井自然伽玛（ＧＲ）曲线进行古气候反演,分析了ＧＲ曲线记录的末次间冰期以来的环境变迁过程,表明ＧＲ曲线忠实地记录了构造运动及气候变化的影响,与古里雅产,格陵兰冰芯所记录的气候事件均能均较好对应,表明柴达木盆地同时包含了高原隆升和全球性气候变化的信息,是反映古气候变化良好的信息载体之一,是反映内陆干旱盆地环境与气候变化良好的代用指标。 相似文献
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《Quaternary Science Reviews》2005,24(1-2):173-194
The climate history and dynamics of the Greenland Ice Sheet are studied using a coupled model of the depositional provenance and transport of glacier ice, allowing simultaneous prediction of the detailed isotopic stratigraphy of ice cores at all the major Greenland sites. Adopting a novel method for reconstructing the age–depth relationship, we greatly improve the accuracy of semi-Lagrangian tracer tracking schemes and can readily incorporate an age-dependent ice rheology. The larger aim of our study is to impose new constraints on the glacial history of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Leading sources of uncertainty in the climate and dynamic history are encapsulated in a small number of parameters: the temperature and elevation isotopic sensitivities, the glacial–interglacial precipitation contrast and the effective viscosity of ice in the flow law. Comparing predicted and observed ice layering at ice core sites, we establish plausible ranges for the key model parameters, identify climate and dynamic histories that are mutually consistent and recover the past depositional elevation of ice cores to ease interpretation of their climatic records. With the coupled three-dimensional model of ice dynamics and provenance transport we propose a method to place all the ice core records on a common time scale and use discrepancies to adjust the reconstructed climate history. Analysis of simulated GRIP ice layering and borehole temperature profiles confirms that the GRIP record is sensitive to the dynamic as well as to the climatic history, but not enough to strongly limit speculation on the state of the Greenland Ice Sheet during the Eemian. In contrast, our study indicates that the Dye 3 and Camp Century ice cores are extremely sensitive to ice dynamics and greatly constrain Eemian ice sheet reconstructions. We suggest that the maximum Eemian sea-level contribution of the ice sheet was in the range of 3.5–4.5 m. 相似文献
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MATTI SAARNISTO BRTTA ERIKSSON HEIKKI HIRVAS 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1999,28(1):12-22
Several till-covered organic deposits, principally lake gyttja, in Finnish Lapland have been correlated with the last (i.e. Eemian) interglacial on the basis of their lithostratigraphic position and pollen stratigraphy. Most of the sequences are short, but together with three longer sequences from Finnish Lapland and one from Swedish Lapland (Leveäniemi) they provide a complete picture of Eemian vegetational and climatic development. The Tepsankumpu site was revisited, and the till-covered thick freshwater gyttja deposit was studied in detail for pollen in order to search for signals of rapid climatic fluctuations postulated for the earlier part of the Eemian on the basis of Greenland ice core studies. The Eemian pollen stratigraphy in Finnish Lapland closely resembles the Holocene pollen stratigraphy of the area. The abundance of spruce and alder pollen suggests, however, more northerly limits for forest vegetation zones during the Eemian than during the Holocene. Oak also grew closer to Lapland, indicating a wanner climate than during the Holocene climatic optimum. The Tepsankumpu pollen stratigraphy indicates climatic stability over the entire time-span it covers, i.e. the major part of the interglacial. This finding is in conflict with results from Greenland GRIP ice core studies and interpretations of some Continental European Eemian pollen diagrams. 相似文献
13.
Sigfus J. Johnsen Dorthe Dahl‐Jensen Niels Gundestrup Jrgen P. Steffensen Henrik B. Clausen Heinz Miller Valerie Masson‐Delmotte Arny E. Sveinbjrnsdottir James White 《第四纪科学杂志》2001,16(4):299-307
Oxygen isotope variations spanning the last glacial cycle and the Holocene derived from ice‐core records for six sites in Greenland (Camp Century, Dye‐3, GRIP, GISP2, Renland and NorthGRIP) show strong similarities. This suggests that the dominant influence on oxygen isotope variations reflected in the ice‐sheet records was regional climatic change. Differences in detail between the records probably reflect the effects of basal deformation in the ice as well as geographical gradients in atmospheric isotope ratios. Palaeotemperature estimates have been obtained from the records using three approaches: (i) inferences based on the measured relationship between mean annual δ18O of snow and of mean annual surface temperature over Greenland; (ii) modelled inversion of the borehole temperature profile constrained either by the dated isotopic profile, or (iii) by using Monte Carlo simulation techniques. The third of these approaches was adopted to reconstruct Holocene temperature variations for the Dye 3 and GRIP temperature profiles, which yields remarkably compatible results. A new record of Holocene isotope variations obtained from the NorthGRIP ice‐core matches the GRIP short‐term isotope record, and also shows similar long‐term trends to the Dye‐3 and GRIP inverted temperature data. The NorthGRIP isotope record reflects: (i) a generally stronger isotopic signal than is found in the GRIP record; (ii) several short‐lived temperature fluctuations during the first 1500 yr of the Holocene; (iii) a marked cold event at ca. 8.2 ka (the ‘8.2 ka event’); (iv) optimum temperatures for the Holocene between ca. 8.6 and 4.3 ka, a signal that is 0.6‰ stronger than for the GRIP profile; (v) a clear signal for the Little Ice Age; and (vi) a clear signal of climate warming during the last century. These data suggest that the NorthGRIP stable isotope record responded in a sensitive manner to temperature fluctuations during the Holocene. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
14.
SVEND FUNDER CHRISTIAN HJORT JON Y. LANDVIK 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1994,23(4):283-293
Marine, fluvial and glacigene sediments exposed in coastal cliffs and stream-cut sections in East Greenland between latitudes 69° and 78° N display a record of Quaternary climatic and environmental change going back to pre-Saalian times (> 240 ka), but with main emphasis on the last interglacial/glacial cycle. The stratigraphical scheme is based on studies on the Jameson Land peninsula, and contains five glacial stages and stades with the Greenland ice sheet or its outlets reaching the outer coasts. Individual sites are correlated and dated by a combination of biostratigraphy, luminescence dating, amino acid analyses, as well as 14 C- and uranium series dating. The pre-Weichselian Lollandselv and Scoresby Sund glaciations were the most extensive. During the Weichselian the Inland Ice margin in this part of East Greenland was apparently very stable. The Aucellaelv, Jyllandselv and Flakkerhuk stades mark the advance and subsequent retreat of outlet glaciers from the Inland Ice which advanced through the wide Scoresby Sund basin and reached the inner shelf. In-between the glacier advances, three interglacial or interstadial periods have been recognized. During the Langelandselv interglacia-tion (≅ Eemian) the advection of warm Atlantic water was higher than during the Holocene, and the terrestrial flora and insect faunas show that summer temperatures were 3–4°C higher than during the Holocene optimum. There is no unambiguous evidence for cooling in the sediments from this interval. Later, in isotope stage 5, there were apparently two ice-free periods. During the Hugin Sø interstade, stable Polar water dominated Scoresby Sund, and the terrestrial flora suggests summer temperatures 2° -3° lower than the present. The marine and fluvial sediments from the second ice-free period, the Mønselv interstade, are devoid of organic remains. 相似文献
15.
Holocene warming marked by abrupt onset of longer summers and reduced storm frequency around Greenland 
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下载免费PDF全文 The abrupt climate shifts identified in Greenland ice cores transformed understanding of the climate system. Although primarily studied in the paleoclimate record, abrupt climate change induced by greenhouse gas rise poses a serious threat to modern humans and ecosystems. We present the first ultra‐high‐resolution view (hundreds of samples per year) of the abrupt onset (within 1 year) of the current interglacial (warm) climate retrieved from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project Two (GISP2) ice core archive. This abrupt onset is manifested by a marked reduction in storm event frequency and increase in the length of the summer season around Greenland. We apply this metric to the current rapid climatic amelioration in the Arctic as a precursor for future abrupt climate change events. 相似文献
16.
Pieter M Grootes Eric J Steig Minze Stuiver Edwin D Waddington David L Morse Marie-Jose Nadeau 《Quaternary Research》2001,56(3)
The 18O/16O profile of a 554-m long ice core through Taylor Dome, Antarctica, shows the climate variability of the last glacial–interglacial cycle in detail and extends at least another full cycle. Taylor Dome shares the main features of the Vostok record, including the early climatic optimum with later cool phase of the last interglacial period in Antarctica. Taylor Dome δ18O fluctuations are more abrupt and larger than those at Vostok and Byrd Station, although still less pronounced than those of the Greenland GISP2 and GRIP records. The influence of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation on regional ocean heat transport explains the partly “North Atlantic” character of this Antarctic record. Under full glacial climate (marine isotope stage 4, late stage 3, and stage 2), this marine influence diminished and Taylor Dome became more like Vostok. Varying degrees of marine influence produce climate heterogeneity within Antarctica, which may account for conflicting evidence regarding the relative phasing of Northern and Southern Hemisphere climate change. 相似文献
17.
中国南部石笋氧同位素记录记载了重要的气候变化信息。应用石笋氧同位素记录时首先需要考虑检验石笋的平衡结晶生长,特别是重复性检验,以排除可能的偶然性或地方因素。中国南部重复性很好的南京葫芦洞和贵州董歌洞石笋氧同位素记录主要代表了当时的降水氧同位素信息。两洞的记录都显示,在冰期或冰段时期降水的氧同位素比间冰期或间冰段时期明显偏重。受夏季风强弱变化的控制,与目前亚洲季风降水氧同位素的季节变化相对应,在间冰期或间冰段时,ITCZ偏北,降水以夏季风的大规模大气环流下的对流降水为主,其氧同位素较轻;相反地,在冰期或冰段时,ITCZ偏南,降水以夏季风爆发前的锋面降水为主,其氧同位素较重。虽然尚有其他许多影响因素,亚洲季风的变化应是影响中国南部石笋氧同位素在冰期/间冰期或冰段/间冰段的尺度上变化的主导因素。但在更小的尺度上(例如小冰期),石笋氧同位素记录的解释则需要谨慎。虽然下最终结论为时尚早,但作为亚洲季风的两个组成部分的东亚季风和印度季风很可能是同步的,至少在冰期/间冰期或冰段/间冰段的尺度上是如此。基于上述研究,进一步提出亚洲夏季风强段/弱段的概念(AsianSummerMonsoonInterstadial/stadial,或ASMI/ASMS),其在上个冰期中与格陵兰冰芯间冰段/冰段一一对应 相似文献
18.
过去气候演化的阶段性和突变 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
地球系统的历史信息是评估全球变化的一项重要因素。前些年，过去气候研究中发现了气候的突然变化的现象，突变证据大多出现在冰期，或由冰期向间冰期的过渡时期，并认为这是冰盖的成冰与溶解过程造成海水铅直运动的结果。近些年，过去气候研究还发现在间冰期中也出现突变。我国的历史文献、冰芯和沉积的高分辨率的古气候恢复工作发现近２０００年来中国气候明显存在着突变事件。因此，这给我们带来了新的问题，即间冰期气候的稳定性问题。如果气候突变的证据增多，那意味着气候系统很可能按两种方式运行 相似文献
19.
Anders Svensson Katrine K. Andersen Matthias Bigler Henrik B. Clausen Dorthe Dahl-Jensen Siwan M. Davies Sigfus J. Johnsen Raimund Muscheler Sune O. Rasmussen Regine Rthlisberger Jrgen Peder Steffensen Bo.M. Vinther 《Quaternary Science Reviews》2006,25(23-24):3258
A new Greenland Ice Core Chronology (GICC05) based on multi-parameter counting of annual layers has been obtained for the last 42 ka. Here we compare the glacial part of the new time scale, which is based entirely on records from the NorthGRIP ice core, to existing time scales and reference horizons covering the same period. These include the GRIP and NorthGRIP modelled time scales, the Meese-Sowers GISP2 counted time scale, the Shackleton–Fairbanks GRIP time scale (SFCP04) based on 14C calibration of a marine core, the Hulu Cave record, three volcanic reference horizons, and the Laschamp geomagnetic excursion event occurring around Greenland Interstadial 10. GICC05 is generally in good long-term agreement with the existing Greenland ice core chronologies and with the Hulu Cave record, but on shorter time scales there are significant discrepancies. Around the Last Glacial Maximum there is a more than 1 ka age difference between GICC05 and SFCP04 and a more than 0.5 ka discrepancy in the same direction between GICC05 and the age of a recently identified tephra layer in the NorthGRIP ice core. Both SFCP04 and the tephra age are based on 14C-dated marine cores and fixed marine reservoir ages. For the Laschamp event, GICC05 agrees with a recent independent dating within the uncertainties. 相似文献