共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
Formation of jasper and andradite during low-temperature hydrothermal seafloor metamorphism, Ongeluk Formation, South Africa 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
J. Gutzmer A. Pack V. Lüders J. Wilkinson N. Beukes H. Niekerk 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2001,142(1):27-42
Andradite and andradite-grossular solid solutions have repeatedly been described as minor constituents of weakly metamorphosed ocean-floor metabasites and associated calcareous or siliceous sediments. The conditions of garnet formation, however, have remained rather elusive. Here, wedescribe the discovery of andradite as a minor but widespread constituent of chert and jasper closely associated with only very weakly metamorphosed basaltic andesites of the Early Paleoproterozoic Ongeluk Formation, Transvaal Supergroup, South Africa.The andradite is most commonly fine-grained and forms skeletal crystals that poikilotopically enclose and replace quartz and hematite. Macroscopically coarse-grained andradite is scarce and was recognized at one locality only. Up to 3-mm largeandradite grains occur closely associated with quartz in short veins that crosscut thin beds of andradite-bearing jasper. The cogenetic association of quartz and andradite was studied in detail to constrain the conditions of garnet formation. Our results indicate that andradite crystallized at temperatures well below 200 °C in the sub-seafloor environment in siliceous sediments of hydrothermal origin that provided an ample source of SiO2 and Fe2O3. Andradite formed when hydrothermally modified seawater introduced Ca that was leached when seawater interacted with plagioclase and clinopyroxene in the surrounding volcanic pile. Other important preconditions for garnet formation were the lack of mixing between the hydrothermal fluid and cold seawater and low fCO2. It appears reasonable to extend the findings of this study to other recorded occurrences of andradite in modern and ancient ocean-floor metabasites. 相似文献
4.
异常地层压力的演化历史对深入理解油气的生、运、聚动力学过程至关重要.为揭示临南洼陷内异常地层压力的演化特征, 在流体包裹体组合概念的限定下, 利用热动力学模拟的方法, 对沙三段进行了地层古压力重建.地层压力系数随时间的演化表明, 沙三中、下亚段在30 Ma左右即发育有异常高压, 而现今洼陷内局部发育的异常低压为异常高压经过一定时期的演化后在晚期形成, 自30 Ma以来的整个演化过程表现出降压-增压-降压的旋回性特征.沙三上亚段在该地质历史时期均未发育异常高压, 但晚期也表现出明显的降压特征.结合生烃史、充注史及断裂活动性综合分析表明, 临南洼陷沙三段异常高压主要起源并受控于油气的生成与充注, 而异常低压主要起源并受控于断裂的多次、长期活动. 相似文献
5.
四川南江地区灯影组白云岩优质储层的形成与演化 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
南江地区震旦系灯影组白云岩优质储层主要为潮坪或粒屑滩环境成因的藻白云岩、粒屑白云岩和重结晶成因的粉-细晶白云岩,现存储集空间都是与溶解作用和重结晶作用相关的晶间（溶）孔、粒间溶孔、特大溶孔、缝合线溶孔和残余岩溶孔洞等。通过对原生和后生控制因素研究表明,灯影组优质储层是经过5个演化阶段后的最终产物,主控因素为表生期大气淡水岩溶作用及深埋期埋藏溶蚀作用。原始的沉积微相和岩石类型控制着岩溶作用的强度,埋藏溶蚀作用主要是对岩溶孔洞进行溶蚀扩大或充填破坏。 相似文献
6.
《《地质学报》英文版》2016,(1)
正Objective This study aims to characterize the occurrences and interior structural features of botryoidal structures from the Sinian Dengying Formation in the Sichuan Basin of Southwestern China,and to shed light on their formation mechanism.Method Based on the observation of outcrop and drilling cores,this study carried out polarizing microscope analyses and cathodoluminescence microscope analyses with respect to the botryoidal structures. 相似文献
7.
东湖位于湖北省武汉市中心城区,是中国乃至亚洲最大的城中湖之一.她是首批国家重点风景名胜区和国家5A级旅游景区.武汉市正在打造东湖城市生态绿心.东湖对于武汉在资源、环境、生态、人文各方面均具有重要意义.关于东湖的成因长期众说纷纭.研究首次从地质、地貌、沉积等方面对东湖的成因进行了分析,并对东湖与长江的关系进行了讨论.（1）东湖位于中-晚更新世形成的岗地区.湖汊发育,岸线蜿蜒,岬湾交错,是东湖最大的特点.（2）东湖的湖相沉积厚度各处不一,总体呈现南薄北厚、边缘薄中间厚的特点.下伏主要地层为晚更新世下蜀黄土,在靠近基岩残丘的南部边缘局部为晚更新世坡积层,两者之间为明显的侵蚀接触关系.（3）东湖的湖盆形成于距今2万年左右的末次冰期盛期.东海海平面的大幅度下降,长江河床深切.发育于长江南岸珞珈山、南望山、喻家山一带的地表径流,在汇入长江时因江水水位较低而发生侵蚀,形成多条冲沟组合而成的侵蚀洼地.之后,随着冰后期的全球变暖,长江水位快速上升,两岸天然堤发育、壮大,使侵蚀洼地的出口被淤塞,逐渐积水成湖,即东湖为沟谷壅塞湖.（4）根据湖泊地质地貌特征,东湖与沙湖是两个不同成因且相对独立的湖泊;长江并未经东湖流过.但东湖的形成与长江有关,乃是全球气候变化驱动下海、江、湖相互作用的产物.（5）东湖之美,美于自然.保护其自然特质,顺应其自然规律,是东湖保护与利用必须坚持的原则.将湖域、湖岸、岸上作为一个整体,将水域和流域作为一个系统,按照山水林田湖草生命共同体的科学理念,对东湖进行整体性和系统性的保护与治理是十分必要的. 相似文献
8.
Formation Mechanism of the Changxing Formation Gas Reservoir in the Yuanba Gas Field, Sichuan Basin, China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
LONG Shengxiang HUANG Renchun LI Hongtao YOU Yuchun LIU Guoping BAI Zhenrui 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(1):233-242
In a very gentle platform-margin paleogeographic environment, platform-margin reef flat facies carbonate reservoir rocks were developed in the Changxing Formation of Yuanba field. Later weak structural evolution and diagenetic evolution caused the Changxing Formation to form lithologic traps, with good reservoirs such as dissolved bioclastic dolostone and dissolved pore dolostone. The Changxing Formation gas reservoir is a pseudo-layered porous lithologic gas reservoir under pressure depletion drive, with high H2S and moderate CO2 contents. This paper predictes that the conducting system for the Changxing Formation gas reservoir is possibly composed of the pores and microfractures in the Changxing Formation reservoir, the top erosional surface of the Changxing Formation, as well as the micropores and microfractures in the underlying formations. The Changxing Formation reservoir has experienced 3 hydrocarbon charging stages. This paper suggests that diffusion is the major formation mechanism for this gas reservoir. In the Middle and Late Yanshanian, the Yuanba area entered the major gas charging stage. The gas migrated mainly through diffusion and with the assistance of seepage flow in small faults and microfractures from the source rocks and the other oil-bearing strata to the Changxing Formation carbonate reservoir rocks, forming lithologic gas pools. In the Himalayan Epoch, the lithologic traps were uplifted as a whole without strong modification or overlapping, and were favorable for gas preservation. 相似文献
9.
山西静乐舍科勘查区主要含煤地层为上石炭统太原组和下二叠统山西组,通过对区内地质成果分析,本区太原组沉积环境由河控三角洲到潟湖、潮坪交替出现,期间发育两次碳酸盐台地,岩性主要以灰岩、泥岩、中粗砂岩和粉、细砂岩为主,含主要可采煤层9煤层;山西组主要为三角洲平原分流河道相、泛滥盆地相和泥炭沼泽相,以砂岩、粉砂岩、砂质泥岩为主,含主要可采煤层4-1、4煤层;4-1号煤层属大部可采的较稳定煤层,4和9号煤层属全区可采的较稳定煤层;本区主要煤类均为焦煤,资源量丰富,煤质较好,具有较高的开发价值。 相似文献
10.
鄂尔多斯盆地东北部是我国重要的砂岩型铀矿成矿带之一,蕴藏着丰富的铀资源。通过研究发现,区内铀矿床与古层间氧化带具有非常紧密的联系。通过对纳岭沟、大营铀矿床直罗组下段古层间氧化带中各后生蚀变砂岩与原生砂岩的物质成分及地球化学指标的研究,发现绿色砂岩与灰色砂岩在物质成分上的主要区别体现在黏土矿物、方解石及黄铁矿含量上,并且不同蚀变类型砂岩具有其各自的地球化学指标特点。基于对古层间氧化带中各后生蚀变的研究,初步探讨了古层间氧化带的形成机制。这一成果为深化本区铀成矿机理、建立区域铀成矿模式提供了重要的理论依据。 相似文献
11.
本文着重讨论主要勘探目的层铜佛寺组，大拉子组的沉积相，阐述了延吉盆地的生油条件，储集条件，运移条件及生，储，盖组合。 相似文献
12.
13.
通过对山东肥城煤田本溪组和太原组牙形刺动物群的系统研究，共鉴定出牙形刺化石6属14种及部分未定种，根据牙形刺化石在地层中的分布和垂向变化规律自上而下建立了两个牙形刺组合：Ⅱ．Streptognathodus barskovi组合和Ⅰ．Streptognathodus parvus-Idiognothodus magnificus组合。通过与邻区及华北部分地区对比，本区本溪组和太原组中牙形刺动物群的地质时代应分别为晚石炭世晚期（组合Ⅰ）和早二叠世早期（组合Ⅱ），本区C—P界线应在四灰之底。 相似文献
14.
Giant spheroidal concretions (cannonball concretions; some nearly 6 m in diameter) in fluvial channel‐fill sandstones at two localities of the Dakota Sandstone formed by import of cement constituents at a burial depth of <1 km. During cannonball concretion growth a self‐organizational process restricted concretions to a relatively few but widely spaced, and locally, evenly spaced, sites. Other forms of calcite cements at these localities are cement patches in the form of intergrown grape‐size concretions (grapestone), and, locally, pervasive cement. An early episode of invasion by thermogenically generated H2S, which reacted with iron oxides on detrital grains, generated scattered pyrite crystals and decimetre‐scale spheroidal pyrite concretions. Intergranular volumes (IGV) in the concretions range from 36% to 27%. The absence of a trend in IGV and of carbon and oxygen‐isotope ratios from cannonball centres to margins indicates that these concretions did not cement progressively outwards from the centre. Rather, the modern spheres represent the spatial extent of nucleation sites that were not otherwise organized within that volume. Carbon and oxygen‐isotope values for concretion calcites plot along a swath between depleted values of δ18C of ?36‰ and δ18O of ?13‰ and enriched values of ?4‰ and ?6‰, respectively. Four groups of calcites are evident on the basis of trace‐element content and suggest that the calcite precipitated across a range of oxidation conditions that do not correlate strongly with the isotopic compositions. Although fluvial overbank sandstones have some pedogenic calcite, the channel sandstones have at most a trace of pedogenic calcite and carbonate rock fragments, so that the bulk of cement components were imported to the sandstones. Carbon and calcium sources for calcite cement include marine limestone, carbonate shells, and anhydrite in addition to HCO derived from oxidized methane, most likely derived from beds underlying or laterally in communication with Dakota sandstones. HCO in ascending formation waters, released during compaction, mixed with meteoric water whose temperature and composition varied with time, to generate the 7‰ range in δ18Ocalcite values measured. 相似文献
15.
四川成都盆地某深层富钾卤水的地球化学特征及成因 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本文报道了四川成都盆地某深层富钾层卤水的化学组成，氧、氢、硫和硼同位素组成以及２５℃等温蒸发析盐过程中，从卤水中获得的固相物质组成。在此基础上讨论了卤水的成因，认为该卤水是蒸发浓缩的海相卤水、非海相卤水以及埋藏成岩过程中封存卤水对地层中海相蒸发盐溶滤作用形成的混合水。 相似文献
16.
黑山头组在新疆东准噶尔、西准噶尔两个地层分区均有产出,分布最为广泛,可作为两个地层分区对比的标志性地层单位。最初确立该组为一套海相正常陆源碎屑岩,但因最初建组剖面上的黑山头组更名为那林卡拉组,加之补立黑山头组层型剖面中火山地层的并入,特别是对并入火山地层的划分归属分歧和时代争议,使得黑山头组的划分与时代认识出现严重分歧,导致其上覆和下伏多个组级地层单位的使用混乱,引发了这些地层的区域地层划分与对比困难。野外调查确认,原黑山头组的海相正常陆源碎屑岩与并入上部的火山地层岩性差异显著,二分性界面清楚,区域延伸性和可对比性标志清晰,且两者之间发育明显的喷发不整合界面,故建议对其解体和重新厘定。新厘定的黑山头组只保留(原下部)陆源碎屑岩层位,其上的火山地层确信为早石炭世(非前人所述的中泥盆世),故新建早石炭世阿克塔木组。这一新方案为准噶尔地层区石炭系地层的正确划分和区域地层合理对比等提供了重要佐证,提升了黑山头组在两个地层分区的对比价值。 相似文献
17.
18.
<正>1 Introduction Combined with the actual geological settings,this paper defines that the dolomite tight oil is the oil that occurs in tight reservoirs which has permeability less than 1mD,which is interbeded with or closed to shale(Energy Information Administration,2012;National Energy 相似文献
19.
20.
华北克拉通北部的怀安杂岩中分布着一些呈团块状、透镜状或似层状产出的含BIF岩石组合.相对于华北克拉通绿岩带,研究区内的含BIF岩石组合具有规模小、岩性复杂多样以及后期叠加强烈的变质-变形改造等特点,其研究程度较低.在野外地质填图的基础上,通过岩石学、同位素年代学、地球化学研究表明:（1）天镇-怀安地区的含BIF岩石组合主要由条带状（含辉石/角闪）磁铁石英岩、变质基性火山岩（二辉麻粒岩/含辉石斜长角闪岩/高压麻粒岩）、石榴黑云斜长片麻岩和少量石榴石英岩条带或团块组成,这些岩石彼此呈夹层或互层状伴生产出;天镇-怀安地区BIF矿体规模小、与变质火山岩密切共生等特征表明其属于Algoma型.（2）条带状（含辉石/角闪）磁铁石英岩中残留的中-基性火成岩锆石年龄（2 489±19 Ma）可代表含BIF岩石组合的形成时代,并经历了1 800~1 850 Ma变质作用叠加改造.（3）含BIF岩石组合中火山岩地球化学特征显示Rb、Ba、U、Pb等元素富集和Nb、Ta等元素亏损,结合微量元素蛛网图和稀土配分模式对比认为其产出构造背景为弧后盆地,铁矿石PAAS标准化稀土配分图解具有明显Eu正异常,表明与海底热液活动密切相关. 相似文献