共查询到15条相似文献，搜索用时 330 毫秒
1.
基于已建立的非饱和土中的波动方程,第1次从理论上推证出非饱和土中存在4种体波,即1种S波和3种P波（P1波、P2波和P3波）,并导出了4种体波的波速以及衰减的解析表达式,分析了4种体波的波速、衰减与频率以及饱和度之间的关系。结果表明：3种P波中P3波波速最小,衰减最大;P1波波速最大,衰减最小;P2波则介于二者之间。4种体波都具有弥散性,一般而言,波速随频率的提高而有所减小,而衰减则有所增大。随含气量的提高,P1波的波速减小,P2波和S波的波速增大,而P3波则受含气量的影响很小;P1波和P3波的衰减都有所减小,但变化不是很显著,P2波的衰减基本不随含气量的变化而变化,S波几乎不存在衰减现象。 相似文献
2.
基于已建立的非饱和土中的波动方程,导出4种体波的波速以及衰减的解析表达式。数值分析了4种体波的波速、衰减与孔隙率以及Lame常数 、 之间的关系。结果表明,随孔隙率的增大,P1波和S波的波速有所提高,P2波和P3波的波速随孔隙率的增大而有所减小;3种P波的衰减有所增大,其中以P3波变化最为显著。P1波、P3波和S波的波速基本上不随Lame常数 变化,P2波的波速随Lame常数 的增大而稍有增大。P2及S波的衰减基本不随Lame常数 变化,P1、P3波的衰减随Lame常数 的增大而有所减小。3种P波的波速基本上不随Lame常数 变化,S波的波速随Lame常数 的增大而有所增大。P2及S波的衰减基本不随Lame常数 变化,P1、P3波的衰减随Lame常数 的增大而有所减小,其中P3波的变化最为显著。 相似文献
3.
饱和冻土中弹性波的传播特性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用混合物连续介质理论,考虑了土颗粒骨架、冰、水三相介质,选取土颗粒位移、孔隙水位移、孔隙水压和孔隙冰压为基本变量,采用Bishop有效应力原理,建立了饱和冻土多孔介质的弹性波弥散方程。经理论推导,给出了饱和冻土中弹性波的传播速度及衰减的解析表达式。通过数值算例,探讨了饱和冻土中两种压缩波（Pl波和P2波）及剪切波（S波）的波速和衰减与频率和孔隙率、含冰量等土参数的关系。通过参数分析研究了饱和冻土中3种体波的传播特性。 相似文献
4.
由已建立了的非饱和土这种三相松散介质中的动力控制方程,得到波动方程的解,表明在非饱和土中存在3种P波（P1、P2和P3波）和1种S波。根据推导出的波速以及衰减的解析表达式,以实际工程中的尾砂土这种非饱和多孔介质为例,通过Matlab计算工具对非饱和土中的4种体波的弥散特性进一步数值分析,给出了典型的弥散和衰减曲线。结果表明,在一定的频率范围内,4种波的波速及衰减随频率的升高而增大,其中P2、P3波受频率影响强烈,而P1、S波受频率影响则相对较小。此外,饱和度的增加也将导致P1波波速的增大,但对P2、P3波和S波影响不大。 相似文献
5.
双重孔隙介质中P1波在自由边界上的反射 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对双重孔隙介质波动中的体波及P1波在半空间自由透水和不透水边界上的反射问题进行了详细的理论求解。通过数值计算,对双重孔隙介质中4种体波的弥散和衰减特性,以及不同边界上反射波振幅反射系数随P1波入射角和频率的变化进行了分析。结果表明：（1）P1、P2、P3和S波均具有弥散和衰减特性,P1波传播最快而衰减最慢,P3波传播最慢而衰减最快;（2）随着入射角的增大,反射P2、P3和S波的振幅反射系数均先增大后减小,反射P1波则先减小后增大,且边界透水条件对反射P2和P3波的振幅反射系数影响显著,对P1和S波的影响较小,但透水和不透水边界下振幅反射系数随入射角的变化趋势一致;（3）反射P2、P3波的振幅反射系数均随频率的增大而增大,且不透水边界下反射P2波的振幅反射系数大于透水边界下的反射系数,而反射P3波则相反;（4）随着频率增大,透水边界下反射P1波的振幅反射系数先增大后减小,不透水边界下先减小后增大再减小,反射S波的振幅反射系数随频率变化情况则与P1波相反。 相似文献
6.
基于Leclaire对饱和双相孔隙弹性介质Biot模型的扩展,研究含有两种不同固相组分的三相多孔弹性介质中体波的传播特性。以饱和冻土为例,分析了各相体积分数、颗粒形状,接触参数等因素对波动方程中惯性参数、黏性参数、刚度参数的影响;对该三相介质模型进行了退化,分析了孔隙中只含液态水或固态冰时体波的特性;以饱和冻土为例,通过数值计算,探讨了饱和冻土中体波的相速度和衰减系数与胶结参数、接触参数、频率、饱和度、孔隙率等参数的关系。结果表明：与一般的饱和土不同,饱和冻土中存在5种体波,即3种纵波和2种横波;5种体波均具有弥散性和衰减性,且P1波、S1波弥散性和衰减性远小于P2、P3、S2波;胶结参数、饱和度、孔隙率对5种体波的传播特性影响显著,接触参数对传播特性影响较小。 相似文献
7.
《岩土力学》2020,(Z1)
用GDS弯曲-伸展元系统对不同含水率的低液限黏土进行波速试验,根据波动理论测得黏土的剪切模量、侧限模量和泊松比,研究不同含水率、不同试验有效围压、不同信号输入频率对试验结果的影响,并对S波(剪切波)与P波(压缩波)的输出波型信号特征进行分析,将不同信号分析方法所测得结果与共振柱结果进行对比。试验结果表明,(1)在低液限黏土中的剪切波速V_s、压缩波速V_p均随输入频率增大而增大,且增幅随频率增加而减小;在黏土材料中S波的近场效应随含水率和激发频率的提高而减弱;(2)剪切模量G_0和侧限模量M_0均随试验围压的增大而提高,G_0随试样含水率的提高而降低;(3)泊松比随含水率的提高而增大,且随着含水率的增大试验围压对泊松比的影响减弱。 相似文献
8.
利用安装在共振柱测试系统中的弯曲-伸展元,开展了干砂中P波（压缩波）和S波（剪切波）的室内试验,详细地分析了干砂中P波和S波的信号特征,研究了输入频率、土体密实度和有效围压对输出信号的影响。对比各种信号分析方法,并参考共振柱试验结果确定了S波的传播时间。根据实测波速和波动理论,确定了土体的弹性参数,包括剪切模量,侧限模量和泊松比。研究结果表明,P波和S波的输出信号频率在一定程度上随输入信号频率、土体密实度和有效围压的增加而增加,且P波信号比S波信号更容易确定波的传播时间;土体的弹性模量随土体密实度和有效围压的增加而增加,但剪切模量增长比侧限模量快;土体的泊松比并非一个常数,随着土体密实度和有效围压的增加而下降。初步探讨了利用剪切模量估算泊松比,以方便实际工程应用。 相似文献
9.
《岩土力学》2020,(1):315-324
基于多孔介质理论和广义的热弹性模型,研究了饱和多孔热弹性介质中Rayleigh波(R波)的传播特性。以考虑流-固耦合的饱和多孔介质波动方程和连续性方程及考虑热-弹耦合的广义热弹性基本方程出发,建立了饱和多孔介质的热-流-固耦合弹性波动模型。通过引入势函数并结合自由透水及绝热的边界条件,经过理论推导最终给出了饱和多孔热弹性介质中R波的弥散特征方程。利用数值算例分析了孔隙率、渗透系数、热膨胀系数、初始温度和松弛时间等热物理参数对R波的波速和特征衰减的影响。结果表明:孔隙率的增加将引起R波的波速下降,但使得R波的特征衰减反而增大;R波的波速随着渗透系数的增大先不变,再急剧增大,最后趋于稳定,其特征衰减随着渗透系数的增加先增大后减小,最后趋于稳定;热膨胀系数的增大将引起R波波速的增大,但对其特征衰减的影响较小;初始温度的增加导致R波波速的小幅上升,而对其特征衰减影响不大;松弛时间对R波波速和特征衰减几乎无影响。 相似文献
10.
塔里木盆地地震波速扰动及泊松比成像 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大型克拉通盆地地壳上地幔组构有什么特征？其内部结构有何变化？这是目前备受关注的科学问题之一。在新世纪体波地震层析成像的研究进入区域地壳上地幔探测的视野,这个问题可通过体波地震层析成像来研究。文中结合塔里木盆地内的宽频地震记录以及新疆地震台网、中国数字地震台网资料对塔里木地区进行了同台同源的P波和S波地震层析成像, 重点研究区域分辨率横向达到0.5°×0.5°,纵向达到10 km间隔。通过体波到时地震层析成像反演,得到了研究区域精细地壳P波和S波速度结构。根据P波和S波速度扰动和泊松比三维图像,分析了塔里木盆地内部岩石圈波速和泊松比内部结构的信息,通过上中地壳的地震层析成像,地壳波速与泊松比结构反映了满加尔的基底、流体活动性和地温结构利于油气的成熟和保存。一般情况下莫霍面上下方波速及泊松比异常分布模式有明显区别,但塔里木盆地中央顺托果勒呈现穿透莫霍面的异常模式,解释为二叠纪岩石圈火山作用留下的“指纹”。这些信息对油气远景区定位有一定意义。 相似文献
11.
基于非饱和多孔介质的研究成果，考虑热效应和孔隙流体迂曲度的影响，研究了非饱和土中热弹性波的传播特性。利用非饱和土中耦合热的固-液-气三相介质的质量平衡方程、渗流连续方程、动量平衡方程和广义非Fourier热传导定律，建立了问题的热弹性波动方程。通过引入势函数，经过理论推导给出了非饱和土中热弹性波的弥散特征方程。结合数值算例，分析了几类热弹性波的波速和衰减系数随迂曲度、热膨胀系数和介质温度等热物理参数的变化规律。结果表明：孔隙水迂曲度的增大将引起P1波、P3波和S波的波速增大，而孔隙气体迂曲度的增大仅使得P2波的波速增大；热膨胀系数的增大将造成P1波波速的增大和热（T）波波速的减小；介质温度的升高将引起各类热弹性波波速的增大；频率、热膨胀系数和介质温度的变化对各类热弹性波的衰减系数均有较大影响，不可忽视。 相似文献
12.
AbstractCompaction driven fluid flow is inherently unstable such that an obstruction to upward fluid flow (i.e. a shock) may induce fluid-filled waves of porosity, propagated by dilational deformation due to an effective pressure gradient within the wave. Viscous porosity waves have attracted attention as a mechanism for melt transport, but are also a mechanism for both the transport and trapping of fluids released by diagenetic and metamorphic reactions. We introduce a mathematical formulation applicable to compaction driven flow for the entire range of rheological behaviors realized in the lithosphere. We then examine three first-order factors that influence the character of fluid flow: (1) thermally activated creep, (2) dependence of bulk viscosity on porosity, and (3) fluid flow in the limit of zero initial connected porosity. For normal geothermal gradients, thermally activated creep stabilizes horizontal waves, a geometry that was thought to be unstable on the basis of constant viscosity models. Implications of this stabilization are that: (1) the vertical length scale for compaction driven flow is generally constrained by the activation energy for viscous deformation rather than the viscous compaction length, and (2) lateral fluid flow in viscous regimes may occur on greater length scales than anticipated from earlier estimates of compaction length scales. In viscous rock, inverted geothermal gradients stabilize vertically elongated waves or vertical channels. Decreasing temperature toward the earth’s surface can induce an abrupt transition from viscous to elastic deformation-propagated fluid flow. Below the transition, fluid flow is accomplished by short wavelength, large amplitude waves; above the transition flow is by high velocity, low amplitude surges. The resulting transient flow patterns vary strongly in space and time. Solitary porosity waves may nucleate in viscous, viscoplastic, and viscoelastic rheologies. The amplitude of these waves is effectively unlimited for physically realistic models with dependence of bulk viscosity on porosity. In the limit of zero initial connected porosity, arguably the only model relevant for melt extraction, travelling waves are only possible in a viscoelastic matrix. Such waves are truly self-propagating in that the fluid and the wave phase velocities are identical; thus, if no chemical processes occur during propagation, the waves have the capacity to transmit geochemical signatures indefinitely. In addition to solitary waves, we find that periodic solutions to the compaction equations are common though previously unrecognized. The transition between the solutions depends on the pore volume carried by the wave and the Darcyian velocity of the background fluid flux. Periodic solutions are possible for all velocities, whereas solitary solutions require large volumes and low velocities. © Elsevier, Paris 相似文献
13.
Propagation of Rayleigh waves in fluid‐saturated non‐homogeneous soils with the graded solid skeleton distribution 
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下载免费PDF全文 The propagation characteristic of Rayleigh waves in a fluid‐saturated non‐homogeneous poroelastic half‐plane is addressed. Based on Biot's theory for fluid‐saturated media, which takes the inertia, fluid viscosity, mechanical coupling, compressibility of solid grains, and fluid into account, the dispersion equations of Rayleigh waves in fluid‐saturated non‐homogeneous soils/rocks are established. By considering the shear modulus of solid skeleton variation with depth exponentially, a small parameter, which reflects the relative change of shear modulus, is introduced. The asymptotic solution of the dispersion equation expressing the relationship between the phase velocity and wave number is obtained by using the perturbation method. In order to analyze the effects of non‐homogeneity on the propagation characteristic of Rayleigh waves, the variation of the phase velocity with the wave number is presented graphically and discussed through numerical examples. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
14.
For the case of seismic waves in a more complex architecture porous medium wave field occurs slightly changed with changes in the structure, several parameters characteristics of the structure of the media which influence on various types of seismic wave propagation were studied. Firstly, the article establishes the isotropic elastic porous medium model, derive the corresponding elastic wave equation, and uses high-order staggered-grid finite difference method for forward modeling, the article also analyze the pore structure parameters such as porosity, viscosity and penetration influence on the wave field characteristics were also analyzed. At the same time, the study analyze the influence of porosity, permeability and viscosity on phase velocity and attenuation coefficient was analyzed in the stady. The results showed that the influence on attenuation coefficient was more sensitive than that on phase velocity. This study helps to deepen the understanding of seismic wave propagation in the practical system of complex medium. 相似文献
15.
Seismic and hydrologic observations of the Nankai accretionary wedge décollement, Japan, show that overpressures at depths greater than ～2 km beneath the seafloor could have increased to near lithostatic values due to sediment compaction and diagenesis, clay dehydration, and shearing. The resultant high overpressures are hypothesized then to have migrated in rapid surges or pulses called ‘porosity waves’ up the dip of the décollement. Such high velocities—much higher than expected Darcy fluxes—are possible for porosity waves if the porous media through which the waves travel are deformable enough for porosity and permeability to increase strongly with increasing fluid pressure. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that porosity waves can travel at rates (kilometers per day) fast enough to cause aseismic slip in the Nankai décollement. The hypothesis was tested using a one-dimensional numerical solution to the fluid mass conservation equation for elastic porous media. Results show that porosity waves generated at depths of ～2 km from overpressures in excess of lithostatic pressure can propagate at rates sufficient to account for aseismic slip along the décollement over a wide range of hydrogeological conditions. Sensitivity analysis showed porosity wave velocity to be strongly dependent on specific storage, fluid viscosity, and the permeability–depth gradient. Overpressure slightly less than lithostatic pressure could also produce porosity waves capable of traveling at velocities sufficient to cause aseismic slip, provided that hydrogeologic properties of the décollement are near the limits of their geologically reasonable ranges. 相似文献