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1.
《China Geology》2018,1(2):257-272
There are three types of shale gas resources in China. The resources are present in large amounts and are widely distributed. Marine facies, transitional facies and continental facies resources each account for a third. Based on resource distributions, there are many wells penetrated into the Sinian, Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian strata of the Yangtze plate and its periphery, the North China Craton and the Tarim Basin. Many years of exploration have indicated that the marine Silurian Longmaxi shale gas is widely distributed in south China and has been industrialized in its production in the Sichuan basin. The shale gas from the Cambrian Niutitang Formation and the Sinian Doushantuo Formation are important discoveries in Yichang, Hubei and Zhenba, Shanxi. There are also shale gas resources found within transitional facies and continental facies in different areas in China. The “two element enrichment theory” has been summarized during the exploration process of Silurian marine shale gas in the Sichuan Basin. In addition, horizontal drilling and fracturing technologies up to 3500 m in depth have been developed. Based on the understanding of shale gas accumulation in a complex tectonic zone outside the Sichuan basin, a preliminary summary of the formation of the “converse fault syncline control reservoir” and “paleo uplift control reservoir” model has been constructed. The dominant theory of “Trinity” shale gas enrichment and the high yield of the “deep water Lu Pengxiang sedimentary facies belt, structural preservation conditions and overpressure” is summarized. Guided by the above theories. Anye1 well in Guizhou and Eyangye1 well in Hubei were drilled. “Four storey” oil and shale gas is found in the Permian Qixia group, the Silurian Shiniulan Formation, the Longmaxi Formation and the Ordovician Baota Formation in Anye1 well. Good shale gas has been gound in the Cambrian Niutitang formation inian Doushantuo formation in Eyangye 1well. This paper aims to summarize and review the main progress, theoretical technology and problems of shale gas exploration and development in recent years in China, and predicts the future exploration and development direction for shale gas and possible exploration areas. 相似文献
2.
《China Geology》2018,1(3):346-353
There are plenty of Sinian and Cambrian potential shale gas resources in South China, which is characterized by high thermal evolution degrees, poor drilling performances and only occurs in local areas. Taking the principle “high to find low” is the key issue to achieving a breakthrough in older shale. China Geological Survey drilled in the periphery of the Proterozoic basement, i.e. the Huangling anticline, in the western Hubei, and Hannan paleocontinent in the southern Shanxi. It received high-quality gas-bearing shale with relatively low Ro in the in Lower Cambrian Niutitang formation and Sinian Doushantuo formation. Based on geological conditions of shale gas reservoirs in the Huangling anticline, this paper puts forward the new model named “Control over reservoirs by periphery of basement” about shale gas accumulation, suggesting that the shale deposited in a deepwater continental shelf in the periphery of the basement is characterized by shallow burial, a short burial time, stable tectonics, relatively low thermal evolution degrees, and shale gas reservoirs in a good condition. The shale of the Sinian-Cambrian strata deposited in deepwater continental shelves in the periphery of Chuanzhong paleo-uplift in Sichuan, Hannan paleocontinent in the southern Shanxi, Huangling anticline in western Hubei and Jiangnang-Xuefeng paleo-uplift in Hunan and Guizhou province have good shale gas exploration potential. 相似文献
3.
ZOU Caineng YANG Zhi ZHU Rukai ZHANG Guosheng HOU Lianhu WU Songtao TAO Shizhen YUAN Xuanjun DONG Dazhong WANG Yuman WANG Lan HUANG Jinliang WANG Shufang 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(3):938-971
The new century has witnessed a strategic breakthrough in unconventional oil gas.Hydrocarbon accumulated in micro-/nano-scale pore throat shale systems has become an important domain that could replace current oil gas resources.Unconventional oil gas plays an increasingly important role in our energy demand.Tight gas,CBM,heavy oil and asphaltic sand have served as a key domain of exploration development,with tight oil becoming a 'bright spot' domain and shale gas becoming a 'hotspot' domain.China has made great breakthroughs in unconventional oil gas resources,such as tight gas,shale gas,tight oil and CBM,and great progress in oil shale,gas hydrate,heavy oil and oil sand.China has an estimated(223-263)×10~8t of unconventional oil resources and(890-1260)×l0~(12)m~3 of gas resources.China has made a breakthrough for progress in unconventional oil gas study.New progress achieved in fine-grained sedimentary studies related to continental open lacustrine basin large-scale shallow-water delta sand bodies,lacustrine basin central sandy clastic flow sediments and marine-continental fine-grained sediments provide a theoretical basis for the formation and distribution of basin central reservoir bodies.Great breakthroughs have been made in unconventional reservoir geology in respect of research methodology technology,multi-scale data merging and physical simulation of formation conditions.Overall characterization of unconventional reservoirs via multi-method and multi-scale becomes increasingly popular and facilitates the rapid development of unconventional oil gas geological theory,method and technology.The formation of innovative,continuous hydrocarbon accumulation theory,the establishment of the framework of the unconventional oil gas geological theory system,and the determination of the implications,geological feature,formation mechanism,distribution rule and core technology of unconventional oil gas geological study lays a theoretical foundation for extensive unconventional oil gas exploration and development.Theories and technologies of unconventional oil gas exploration and development developed rapidly,including some key evaluation techniques such as 'sweet spot zone' integrated evaluation and a six-property evaluation technique that uses hydrocarbon source,lithology,physical property,brittleness,hydrocarbon potential and stress anisotropy,and some key development engineering technologies including micro-seismic monitoring,horizontal drilling completion and "factory-like" operation pattern, "man-made reservoir" development,which have facilitated the innovative development of unconventional oil gas.These breakthroughs define a new understanding in four aspects:①theoretical innovation;② key technologies;③ complete market mechanism and national policy support;and ④ well-developed ground infrastructure,which are significant for prolonging the life cycle of petroleum industry,accelerating the upgrade and development of theories and technologies and altering the global traditional energy structure. 相似文献
4.
YU Yuanjiang ZOU Caineng DONG Dazhong WANG Shejiao LI Jianzhong YANG Hu LI Denghu LI Xinjing WANG Yuman HUANG Jinliang 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(2):598-619
The presence of shale gas has been confirmed in almost every marine shale distribution area in North America.Formation conditions of shale gas in China are the most favorable for marine,organic-rich shale as well.But there has been little research focusing on shale gas in Qiangtang Basin,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,where a lot of Mesozoic marine shale formations developed.Based on the survey results of petroleum geology and comprehensive test analysis data for Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,for the first time,this paper discusses characteristics of sedimentary development,thickness distribution,geochemistry,reservoir and burial depth of organic-rich shale,and geological conditions for shale gas formation in Qiangtang Basin.There are four sets of marine shale strata in Qiangtang Basin including Upper Triassic Xiaochaka Formation （T3x）,Middle Jurassic Buqu Formation （J2b）,Xiali Formation （J2x） and Upper Jurassic Suowa Formation （J3s）,the sedimentary types of which are mainly bathyal-basin facies,open platform-platform margin slope facies,lagoon and tidal-fiat facies,as well as delta facies.By comparing it with the indicators of gas shale in the main U.S.basins,it was found that the four marine shale formations in Qiangtang Basin constitute a multi-layer distribution of organic-rich shale,featuring a high degree of thickness and low abundance of organic matter,high thermal evolution maturity,many kinds of brittle minerals,an equivalent content of quartz and clay minerals,a high content of feldspar and low porosity,which provide basic conditions for an accumulation of shale gas resources.Xiaochaka Formation shale is widely distributed,with big thickness and the best gas generating indicators.It is the main gas source layer.Xiali Formation shale is of intermediate thickness and coverage area,with relatively good gas generating indicators and moderate gas formation potential.Buqu Formation shale and Suowa Formation shale are of relatively large thickness,and covering a small area,with poor gas generating indicators,and limited gas formation potential.The shale gas geological resources and technically recoverable resources were estimated by using geologic analogy method,and the prospective areas and potentially favorable areas for Mesozoic marine shale gas in Qiangtang Basin are forecast and analyzed.It is relatively favorable in a tectonic setting and indication of oil and gas,shale maturity,sedimentary thickness and gypsum-salt beds,and in terms of mineral association for shale gas accumulation.But the challenge lies in overcoming the harsh natural conditions which contributes to great difficulties in ground engineering and exploration,and high exploration costs. 相似文献
5.
ZOU Caineng YANG Zhi PAN Songqi CHEN Yanyan LIN Senhu HUANG Jinliang WU Songtao DONG Dazhong WANG Shufang LIANG Feng SUN Shash HUANG Yong WENG Dingwei 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(4):1249-1283
Shale gas is one of the most promising unconventional resources both in China and abroad. It is known as a form of self-contained source-reservoir system with large and continuous dimensions. Through years of considerable exploration efforts, China has identified three large shale gas fields in the Fuling, Changning and Weiyuan areas of the Sichuan Basin, and has announced more than 540 billion m~3 of proven shale gas reserves in marine shale systems. The geological theories for shale gas development have progressed rapidly in China as well. For example, the new depositional patterns have been introduced for deciphering the paleogeography and sedimentary systems of the Wufeng shale and Longmaxi shale in the Sichuan Basin. The shale gas storage mechanism has been widely accepted as differing from conventional natural gas in that it is adsorbed on organic matter or a mineral surface or occurs as free gas trapped in pores and fractures of the shale. Significant advances in the techniques of microstructural characterization have provided new insights on how gas molecules are stored in micro- and nano-scale porous shales. Furthermore, newly-developed concepts and practices in the petroleum industry, such as hydraulic fracturing, microseismic monitoring and multiwell horizontal drilling, have made the production of this unevenly distributed but promising unconventional natural gas a reality. China has 10–36 trillion m~3 of promising shale gas among the world's whole predicted technically recoverable reserves of 206.6 trillion m~3. China is on the way to achieving its goal of an annual yield of 30–50 billion m~3 by launching more trials within shale gas projects. 相似文献
6.
中国的页岩气资源评价必须立足于中国主要陆块的地质条件与构造演化特点之上,对于不同层系、不同地区的页岩气选区评价,也必须抓住关键因素。川滇黔邻区的五峰组-龙马溪组富有机质页岩发育,但保存条件较渝东南地区更为复杂。印支期以来,该区经历了多期次构造应力场转换,断裂、褶皱发育,因此,建立针对性的页岩气选区评价参数体系是该区页岩气勘探走出困局的当务之急。本文在分析该区已有页岩气钻井成效的基础上,立足于扬子海相层系页岩气勘探应是基于保存条件的"连续型甜点区"的选区评价基本思路,结合前人研究成果,系统梳理出一套评价指标体系。该体系涵盖5大因素(区域盖层、直接盖层、底板条件、页岩层自身条件、构造改造强度)、4个等级、17个选区评价参数。另外,根据已有相关钻井数据,总结提出了5个页岩气层评价表征参数(含气量、孔隙度、电阻率、氮气组分含量和压力系数)。根据该指标体系,对川滇黔邻区的主要构造单元进行了梳理分析,优选出5个有利区,提出了各有利区的首选可能突破点。本研究对复杂构造区页岩气有利区带优选具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
7.
Shale gas resources are considered to be extremely abundant in southern China, which has dedicated considerable attention to shale gas exploration in recent years. Exploration of shale gas has considerably progressed and several breakthroughs have been made in China. However, shale gas explorations are still scarce. Summary and detailed analysis studies on black shale reservoirs are still to be performed for many areas. This lack of information slows the progress of shale gas explorations and results in low quantities of stored black shale. The Carboniferous Dawuba Formation, which is widely distributed and considerably thick, is one of the black shale formations targeted for shale gas exploration in southern China in the recent years. The acquisition and analysis of total organic carbon, vitrinite reflectance,types of organic matter, mineral composition, porosity, and permeability are basic but important processes. In addition, we analyzed the microscopic pores present in the shale. This study also showesd the good gas content of the Dawuba Formation, as well as the geological factors affecting its gas content and other characteristics. To understand the prospect of exploration, we compared this with other shale reservoirs which have been already successfully explored for gas. Our comparison showesd that those shale reservoirs have similar but not identical geological characteristics. 相似文献
8.
上扬子黔北地区下寒武统海相黑色泥页岩特征及页岩气远景区评价 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
依据大量野外页岩实测地质剖面和2口页岩气钻井、样品岩石矿物组分分析、有机地球化学实验等大量分析测试资料,系统研究了上扬子黔北地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组黑色泥页岩的发育特征与分布,并结合北美海相页岩气形成地质条件及我国页岩气选区评价标准,预测了黔北地区页岩气勘探的有利区。结果表明:黔北地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组海相黑色泥页岩厚度大、分布广泛,早期海侵体系域水体相对较深,沉积和沉降中心位于研究区的东南部,主要的物源来自西北部,沉积相类型主要为砂质陆棚、浅水陆棚和深水陆棚相沉积,深水陆棚相分布在东南部地区,呈北西-南东向带状展布。晚期高位体系域,水体深度逐渐降低,随着相对海平面的下降,研究区陆棚砂体范围进一步扩大,浅水陆棚和深水陆棚向东南迁移,范围缩小。黑色页岩的有机质类型为Ⅲ型干酪根,有机碳含量很高,平均值为4.880%,普遍大于2%;有机质成熟度平均值为2.7%,总体演化程度较高; 黑色页岩的矿物成分主要为碎屑矿物和粘土矿物,碎屑矿物含量平均值为61.3%,成分主要为石英和少量的长石;粘土矿物含量平均值为31.1%,主要为伊利石和伊蒙混层矿物。与美国产气页岩的各项指标相比较,黔北地区下寒武统海相黑色页岩具有厚度较大、有机质丰度平均值高、热演化成熟度高、脆性矿物含量低、粘土矿物含量中等,页岩孔隙度低的特征。具备了页岩气形成的基本地质条件,是我国海相页岩气勘探的主要地区之一。综合评价预测了黔北地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩气的有利、较有利远景区。 相似文献
9.
LIANG Feng ZHANG Qin CUI Huiying MENG Qingqiang MA Chao LIANG Pingping GUO Wei 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(4):1047-1059
The Upper Ordovician Wufeng-Lower Silurian Longmaxi and the Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi shales are the major targets for shale gas exploration and development in China. Although the two organic-rich shales share similar distribution ranges and thicknesses, they exhibit substantially different exploration and development results. This work analyzed the nanopore structures of the shale reservoirs in this region. Pore development of 51 shale samples collected from various formations and locations was compared using the petromineralogical, geochemical, structural geological and reservoir geological methods. The results indicate that the reservoir space in these shales is dominated by organic pores and the total pore volume of micropores, mesopores, macropores in different tectonic areas and formations show different trends with the increase of TOC. It is suggested that organic pores of shale can be well preserved in areas with simple structure and suitable preservation conditions, and the shale with smaller maximum ancient burial depth and later hydrocarbon-generation-end-time is also more conducive to pore preservation. Organic pore evolution models are established, and they are as follows: ① Organic matter pore development stage, ② Early stage of organic matter pore destruction, and ③ late stage of organic matter pore destruction. The areas conducive to pore development are favorable for shale gas development. Research results can effectively guide the optimization and evaluation of favorable areas of shale gas. 相似文献
10.
围绕长江经济带清洁能源体系建设对页岩气突破的重大需求，在充分整合长江下游地区以往地质和物探资料的基础上，系统开展了1:25万页岩气基础地质调查，在苏皖南沿江坳陷带、江西萍乐-浙江钱塘坳陷带、南华北地区"两带一区"实施了10口页岩气调查井，基本查明了主要工作区古生界二叠系、志留系、奥陶系、寒武系富有机质泥页岩成藏地质条件，有9口井分别在三叠、二叠、志留、寒武系4套层系获得页岩气、致密砂岩气、煤层气、页岩油、裂缝性砂岩油、裂缝性灰岩油"三气三油"的重要新发现，深化了二叠系和志留系成藏地质认识，探索了三叠系、奥陶系和寒武系含油气性，开辟了新区新层系，揭示了下扬子及南华北中—古生界油气页岩气资源勘查潜力。圈定了10个远景区，初步评价了9个远景区主要目标层的远景资源量，解决了资源前景问题；讨论了制约下扬子页岩气调查突破的卡脖子问题，提出了下一步突破的方向。 相似文献
11.
盐源地区古生界页岩气地质条件分析 总被引：6，自引：6，他引：0
为了进一步探索我国西南地区的页岩气资源潜力，中国地质调查局成都中心对盐源地区开展公益性页岩气基础地质调查。在系统的地质调查和沉积学、石油地质学研究的基础上，对盐源地区进行页岩气地质条件分析。发现盐源地区早古生代发育志留系龙马溪组和泥盆系坡脚组两套富有机质页岩层系。志留系龙马溪组以碳质硅质泥页岩和碳质粉砂质泥页岩为主，以富有机质、硅质含量高、笔石发育为主要特征，发育于深水陆棚环境中。泥盆系坡脚组以含钙质碳质泥岩和钙质碳质粉砂质泥岩为主，以富有机质、黏土含量高、竹节石发育为主要特征，主要发育于潟湖环境中。两套富有机质页岩层系均具有有机质含量高，沉积厚度大，热演化程度高，脆性指数较高，低孔低渗的特征。盐源地区发育大量宽缓向斜，具备较好的页岩气保存条件。在志留系稗子田组和泥盆系坡脚组的勘探获得了油气显示，表明盐源地区页岩气具备良好的勘探潜力，研究成果为区域油气勘探评价提供借鉴与参考。 相似文献
12.
海陆过渡相页岩气层系沉积研究进展与页岩气新发现 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
四川盆地海相页岩气成功规模效益开发,使我国页岩气跨入了高速发展的快车道,确立了页岩气在我国能源安全保障中的重要战略地位。我国海陆过渡相页岩气资源丰富,有望成为我国页岩气增储上产的现实领域。目前海陆过渡相页岩气勘探开发和地质评价还处在初期阶段,海陆过渡相富有机质页岩发育特征与分布、沉积模式、有机质富集机理等非常规油气沉积学相关研究有待深入。通过系统厘定海陆过渡相相关概念与特征,明确了国内外典型海陆过渡相页岩气层系;系统总结海陆过渡相页岩沉积研究现状与新进展,揭示了海陆过渡相中富有机质页岩有利发育环境、主要沉积模式和页岩气储层基本特征。系统梳理鄂尔多斯、四川、渤海湾等盆地海陆过渡相页岩气勘探开发新发现,指出了我国海陆过渡相页岩气具有良好勘探开发前景。海陆过渡相页岩层系常伴有煤层,可进行页岩气、煤层气等联合开采,实现“体积开发”,以期有效推动我国天然气产业高质量大发展。 相似文献
13.
我国在四川盆地及周缘下志留统龙马溪组页岩气勘探开发中已取得一些重要发现和突破。JY1HF井、彭页1Hf、DY2HF井、南页1HF、龙参2井、保页1井等一系列针对龙马溪组的钻井及压裂改造都展现了我国南方龙马溪组页岩具备良好的勘探开发前景。本文对比分析了四川盆地及周缘多口页岩气井压后产量与储层地质条件、储层物性、地应力、构造保存及压裂施工规模等影响页岩气产能参数的相关性,总结提出了影响页岩气勘探开发效果的主要控制因素为优质页岩厚度、含气性、脆性矿物含量、孔隙度、地层压力系数和水平应力差异系数,为今后我国南方海相页岩气的高效勘探开发提供了重要的借鉴和指导。 相似文献
14.
阿尔金山南缘中侏罗统大煤沟组泥页岩发育,初步证实具有较好的页岩气生成和储集条件,但有利选区不落实,资源潜力不明。通过对研究区中侏罗统大煤沟组页岩厚度、有机质丰度、有机质成熟度、含气性和保存条件等特征的研究,结合目的层构造和埋深等条件,根据陆相页岩气有利区优选标准,在阿尔金山南缘中侏罗统大煤沟组优选出茫崖1号沟、清水河、黑石山和月牙山等4个页岩气有利区,总有效勘查面积为1 692.54 km2。利用含气页岩面积、厚度、密度和含气量等主要参数,评价了有利区页岩气资源潜力,其中茫崖1号沟有利区P50页岩气地质资源量为723.05×108 m3,清水河有利区P50页岩气地质资源量为1 845.10×108 m3,黑石山有利区P50页岩气地质资源量为199.10×108 m3,月牙山有利区P50页岩气地质资源量为1 747.16×108 m3,合计P50页岩气地质资源量为4 514.41×108 m3,总体认为具有较好的页岩气资源潜力。 相似文献
15.
《China Geology》2018,1(3):319-330
After the breakthrough of shale gas exploration and development in the Ordovician Wufeng Formation (Fm.) and Silurian Longmaxi Fm. of Chongqing Jiaoshiba area, Changning-Weiyuan area, etc. in Sichuan basin, a series of discovery and breakthrough were obtained by China Geological Survey in the Cambrian Niutitang Fm. and Sinian Doushantuo Fm. shale of the areas with complicated structure outside Sichuan basin. Based on the understanding of the law of shale gas enrichment in Longmaxi Fm. in the basin, this paper puts forward three elements of the formation and enrichment of shale gas, which are the “Source”, the “Diagenesis” and the “Accumulation”, after deeply studying the law shale gas enrichment and accumulation in Sinian-Cambrian reservoir of the complex structure area outside the basin. The “Source” means the sedimentary environment and petrological characteristics of organic shale. The “Diagenesis” means the basin tectonic subsidence and hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of organic matter. The “Accumulation” means the tectonic uplift and shale gas preservation. It is proposed that the Sinian-Cambrian and Ordovician-Silurian black shale series in the middle and upper Yangtze region of southern China were both formed in the deep-water shelf environment of rift trough and foreland basin respectively. The dessert intervals were formed in the strong reduction environment under transgressive system tract. The shale lithology belongs to calcium-siliceous and charcoal-siliceous respectively. Based on the summary of structural evolution in Yangtze area, the correlation of structural burial depth with shale diagenesis and the coupling evolution of organic matter with pore structure are discussed. Combining with structural styles, the preservation conditions of shale gas are discussed. Five types of shale gas reservoir control models are further described. Two types of future exploration directions, which are reverse fault syncline and paleo-uplift margin in complex structural area outside the basin, are proposed. 相似文献
16.
Middle–Lower Jurassic terrigenous shales constitute a set of significant hydrocarbon source rocks in the Kuqa Depression of the Tarim Basin. Until recently, however, most investigations regarding this set of hydrocarbon source rocks have mainly focused on conventional oil and gas reservoirs, and little research has been conducted on the formation conditions of shale gases. This research, which is based on core samples from nine wells in the Kuqa Depression, investigated the geological, geochemical, mineralogical and porosity characteristics of the shales, analysed the geological and geochemical conditions for the formation of shale gases, and evaluated the shale gas resource potential. The results show that the distribution of the Middle–Lower Jurassic shales is broad, with thicknesses reaching up to 300–500 km. The total organic carbon (TOC) content is relatively high, ranging from 0.2 to 13.5 wt% with a mean of 2.7 wt%. The remaining hydrocarbon generative potential is between 0.1 and 22.34 mg/g, with a large range of variation and a mean value of 3.98 mg/g. It is dominated by type III kerogen with the presence of minor type II1 kerogen. The vitrinite reflectance values range from 0.517 to 1.572%, indicating the shales are in a mature or highly mature stage. The shales are mainly composed of quartz (19–76%), clay (18–68%) and plagioclase (1–10%) with mean contents of 50.36 wt%, 41.42 wt%, and 3.37 wt%, respectively. The pore spaces are completely dominated by primary porosity, secondary porosity and microfractures. The porosity is less than 10% and is mainly between 0.5 and 4%, and the permeability is generally less than 0.1 mD. These results classify the shale as a low-porosity and ultra-low-permeability reservoir. The porosity has no obvious correlation with the brittle or clay mineral contents, but it is significantly positively correlated with the TOC content. The maximum adsorbed gas content is between 0.82 and 8.52 m3/t with a mean of 3.37 m3/t. In general, the shale gas adsorption content increases with increasing the TOC content, especially when the TOC content is greater than 1.0%. The volumetric method, used to calculate the geological resources of the Middle–Lower Jurassic shales in the Kuqa Depression, shows that the geological resources of the Middle and Lower Jurassic shales reach 667.681 and 988.115 × 109 m3, respectively with good conditions for the formation of shale gas and good prospects for shale gas exploration. 相似文献
17.
研究区位于滇黔北坳陷威信凹陷的中西部区域——川南低陡褶皱带南缘带,本文利用钻井、野外露头、区域地质等资料,对研究区龙马溪组页岩气基本地质特征进行了分析,并采用体积法对页岩气资源量进行了评价。研究成果表明,区内龙马溪组下段暗色页岩有机质含量及成熟度较高,有机质类型偏腐泥型;岩石脆性矿物含量高,物性一般,总含气量中等,总体与长宁、威远等邻区同层位产气页岩较为相似,并与北美主要产气页岩具有一定可比性。初步估算研究区龙马溪组页岩气资源量24871.8×10~8m~3,展现出良好的勘探前景,但受储层发育、保存条件等影响,页岩气资源分布严重不均,纵向上质量较好的页岩气资源主要集中在龙马溪组底部第1小层,平面上主要分布于研究区北部的川南低陡褶皱带内,该区内保存条件好的宽缓复向斜带和箱状背斜构造带是下步勘探的有利区。 相似文献
18.
J. L. Liu Z. Li M. H. Chang S. Wang L. Chen 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2020,67(3):411-424
AbstractSmall- and medium-sized basins are widely distributed, and some contain commercial gas reservoirs demonstrating their gas-generation potential. The Xuanhua Basin, which is a small-sized coal-bearing basin in north China, includes a promising target for shale-gas exploration in the Xiahuayuan Formation. In this study, we used this basin as a case study to assess the critical geochemical features for small or medium-sized basins to form commercial gas reservoirs. Total organic carbon (TOC) analysis, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, microscopic observation of macerals, vitrinite reflectance measurement and kerogen stable carbon isotope analysis were performed to characterise the organic geochemistry of the Xiahuayuan shales. The original total organic carbon (TOCo) content and hydrocarbon-generative potential (S2o) were reconstructed to further evaluate the gas-generation potential of these shales. In addition, geochemical data of shales from other similar-sized basins with gas discoveries were compared. The results showed that the kerogen from the Xiahuayuan Formation is Type III (gas-prone), and macerals are dominated by vitrinite. TOC values showed a strong heterogeneity in the vertical profiles, with most higher than 1.5?wt%. The measured Ro values ranged from 1.4 to 2.0%. However, thermal maturity was not correlated with the present-day burial depth with higher maturity in the wells closest to the diabase intrusion centre. The remaining generation potential (S2) averaged 0.91?mg HC/g rock, equal to 1.4?cm3 CH4/g rock, and the average amount of hydrocarbon generated was 4.33?cm3 CH4/g rock. In small and medium-sized basins, the TOC content of commercially developed gas shales ranged from 0.5 to 2.5?wt%, organic matter was mainly humic (gas-prone), and the burial depth was generally shallow. Biogenic gas reservoirs for commercial exploitation tend to have larger shale thicknesses (120–800?m) than thermogenic gas reservoirs (60–90?m).
The Xiahuayuan Formation is a good gas-source rock with gas-prone kerogen type, relatively high TOC values and moderate thermal maturity.
The average amount of hydrocarbon generated from the Xiahuayuan shales is about 4.33?cm3 CH4/g rock, indicating a potential to form a shale gas reservoir.
Owing to the influence of diabase intrusions, the Xiahuayuan shales have entered the dry gas window at relatively shallow-buried depths.
Small- and medium-sized basins have the potential to generate commercial gas reservoirs with the generated volume mainly a product of the thickness and maturity of black shales.
19.
《China Geology》2020,3(1):38-51
Coal measure gas (also known as coal-bearing unconventional gas) is the key field and development direction of unconventional natural gas in recent years. The exploration and evaluation of coal measure gas (coalbed methane, coal shale gas and coal measure tight sandstone gas) from single coalbed methane has greatly expanded the field and space of resource evaluation, which is of positive significance for realizing the comprehensive utilization of coal resources, maximizing the benefits and promoting the innovation of oil and gas geological theory and technological advances in exploration and development. For the first time, in Yangmeishu Syncline of Western Guizhou Province, the public welfare coalbed methane geological survey project of China Geological Survey has been carried out a systematic geological survey of coal measure gas for the Upper Permian Longtan Formation, identified the geological conditions of coal measure gas and found high quality resources. The total geological resource quantity of coalbed methane and coal shale gas is 51.423×109 m3 and the geological resource abundance is up to 566×109 m3/km2. In this area, the coal measures are characterized by many layers of minable coal seams, large total thickness, thin to the medium thickness of the single layer, good gas-bearing property of coal seams and coal measure mudstone and sandstone, good reservoir physical property and high-pressure coefficient. According to the principle of combination of high quality and similarity of key parameters of the coal reservoir, the most favorable intervals are No.5−2, No.7 and No.13−2 coal seam in Well YMC1. And the pilot tests are carried out on coal seams and roof silty mudstone, such as staged perforation, increasing hydraulic fracturing scale and “three gas” production. The high and stable industrial gas flow with a daily gas output of more than 4000 m3 has been obtained, which has realized the breakthrough in the geological survey of coal measure gas in Southwest China. Based on the above investigation results, the geological characteristics of coal measure gas in the multi-thin-coal-seam-developed area and the co-exploration and co-production methods, such as the optimization method of favorable intervals, the high-efficiency fracturing and reservoir reconstruction method of coal measures, and the “three gas” drainage and production system, are systematically summarized in this paper. It will provide a reference for efficient exploration and development of coal measure gas in similar geological conditions in China. 相似文献
20.
SUN Dong LIU Xin-ze YANG Hai-jun CAO Nan ZHANG Zhi-peng CHEN Yin-song LI Da-meng 《地下水科学与工程》2019,7(3):195-213
Studying the influence of shale gas exploration and development on groundwater environment is the basis of guiding water environment protection in the process of shale gas exploration and development.Groundwater environmental pollution is concealed,complex and persistent.Once it is difficult to control the pollution,the current commercial shale gas development zones in Sichuan Basin that are mostly located in karst areas and highly sensitive to groundwater will be vulnerable to the impact of shale gas exploration and development.Based on the hydrogeological conditions of shale gas exploration and development area and combined with engineering analysis of exploration and development,various risk pathways that may affect the groundwater environment during process of shale gas exploration,mining well construction,mining operations and other stages were identified in this paper.Some existing risk pathways were proved by verification of typical areas and should not be ignored.Based on the actual situation of typical areas,the countermeasures of groundwater environmental protection in the process of shale gas exploration and development in karst areas were discussed.It is believed that the groundwater environment can be better protected by strengthening administration,research and application of new technologies,precise design,hydrogeological conditions,and research and feedback of groundwater environmental protection. 相似文献