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1.
滇西北衙金矿矿床类型与结构模型 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
北衙金矿区作为藏东—川滇西—滇东南喜马拉雅期富碱斑岩带的一部分,发育有3期成分不同的碱性斑岩,并经历了多期成矿作用。北衙金矿有3种成因不同的矿床:①与碱性斑岩有关的铜金多金属矿,包括与石英钠长斑岩和石英正长斑岩有关的斑岩型铜金矿床和矽卡岩型多金属矿床;②与辉长-玄武岩浆有关的铁金矿床,包括熔浆型铁金矿床和喷流沉积型多金属矿床,后者又有洞穴和湖相沉积环境之分;及③古砂矿,有古风化壳型砂矿、河湖相古砂矿和洞穴沉积古砂矿。北衙矿区复杂多样、多期叠加活动的岩浆与成矿作用,造就了矿区大规模的成矿作用。 相似文献
2.
滇西北衙金矿矿床成因类型 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
滇西北衙金矿是一个曾被认为无工业价值的金矿，后在中科院地质与地球物理研究所蔡新平等（1989—2006年）科研成果的推动与促进下已成为一个具超大型远景规模的金矿床。文章简要介绍了北衙金矿的来历与研究概况，系统总结了北衙金矿的矿床类型及其结构模型。北衙金矿有3种成因不同的矿床，即与碱性斑岩有关的斑岩型和矽卡岩型Cu-Au矿床、与铁质热液或铁矿浆有关的Fe-Au矿床、及表生成因的Fe-Au矿床。北衙矿区复杂多样、多期叠加活动的岩浆与成矿作用，造就了矿区大规模的成矿作用。 相似文献
3.
根据形成金矿田、金矿床的大地构造条件,进行了哈萨克斯坦金矿田和金矿床构造的按类型分类,这些条件包括一系列最重要的构造分类标准:发展历史、在不同的构造阶段和建造中的状况、古构造环境与迭加褶皱和断层变形的作用、以及形态特征等。 冒地槽区和岛弧火山带的金矿田和金矿床,以既保存有同沉积古构造环境要素,也保存有随后由迭加的构造作用引起它们变形标志的多阶段形成的构造为其特征。对于造山运动火山带与表地槽区,其特征是褶皱、块状和火山构造单元与收缩和形成有规律的 相似文献
4.
以湖北蛇屋山、云南北衙、湖南龙形寨三个红土型金矿为例,本文分析了矿床构造特征和构造在红土型金矿成矿过程中的控制作用。红土型金矿的形成与构造也有密切的关系,区域构造和矿区构造通过控制区域成矿带、原生金矿床(矿体)或高含金地质体的风化母岩的形成、风化母岩的抬升、出露与风化作用、古地理及古构造地貌、古水文地质条件等方面而对红土型金矿的形成产生间接或直接的影响。动力学模拟表明,断裂构造可以显著增高岩石渗透率、促进地下水的流动,从而有利于岩石的化学风化与红土化作用、促进金的溶解、迁移、富集与红土型金矿的形成,并导致断裂部位的风化壳与金矿体厚度显著增大。 相似文献
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6.
本文分析了金在表生氧化带的地球化学性状,具体研究了桂西北地区超微粒浸染型金矿典型矿床表生氧化带中金的氧化淋滤和富集——矿体及矿石特征,气候条件,矿体赋存标高、剥蚀深度及具体出露情况,地形、地貌及水文地质条件,氧化带发育情况及氧化壳类型,矿体形态、产状、厚度和品位变化——以及保存条件等。总结出该区氧化矿形成的十项有利条件,并以此为基础对本区该类型金矿氧化矿的找矿问题进行了探讨。 相似文献
7.
滇西北衙金矿方解石的碳氧同位素特征及其成因 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
北衙金矿床是金沙江-哀牢山富碱侵入岩带上迄今发现的与富碱侵入岩有关的最重要的金矿床.方解石是北衙金矿体中的主要脉石矿物,其形成与金矿化关系密切.本文在划分方解石期次基础上,定量模拟了北衙金矿方解石的碳、氧同位素成因模式.该模式暗示:北衙金矿方解石为碳酸盐蚀变(重结晶)成因,与Ⅱ期方解石形成有关的主成矿期流体的C、O同位素组成分别为δ13C=-5.5‰,δ18 O=10.5‰,具典型的岩浆流体特征;而与Ⅲ期方解石形成有关的晚期流体的C、O同位素组成相对较低,分别为δ13C=-12‰,δ18 O=7‰,说明部分地加入了大气降水. 相似文献
8.
本文叙述了东川铜矿床中有关铜、锗、钴、银、金等元素在表生作用中的地球化学性状,说明了主要表生铜矿物形成的地球化学条件,特别对兰铜矿的形成条件作了分析与探讨;解释了铜矿床未能普遍形成表生富集带的原因,即:围岩为碳酸盐,硫化物中黄铁矿的含量较少,强烈的上升地区导致了侵蚀速度大、潜水面下降速度快等不利条件,使表生富集带既难以形成,又难以保存。 相似文献
9.
10.
王新红 《华东地质学院学报》2013,(Z1):105-109
以我国岩金矿床成矿的层控特征为切入点,对云南北衙金矿矿区地质特征、矿区地球物理与地球化学特征进行分析。云南北衙矿区地质形式繁杂,成矿形式多种多样,各不相同,同时拥有多期次、多时期、多矿种类的矿床形式。北衙金矿矿区成矿机制复杂,矿化类型多、矿种多,在当前可持续发展战略的背景下,了解北衙金矿的成矿的地质特征和其采矿前景,有利于金矿资源的可持续发展。 相似文献
11.
Dr. B. N. Eisenlohr 《Mineralium Deposita》1992,27(1):23-29
Rocks of early Proterozoic age (ca. 2100 Ma) host the major gold deposits in Ghana. The deposits are either located in mesothermal quartz vein systems or hosted in a quartz pebble conglomerate that represents a paleoplacer. Both types of mineralisation are largely confined to the Ashanti Belt, one of four parallel northeast-trending volcanic belts. While the stratigraphy and structure of the belts are similar, the Ashanti belt is characterised by a more tectonised northwest margin where most of the epigenetic gold deposits are located. In these deposits, gold mineralisation is located in faults that parallel the regional trend of the belts and were active late in the deformation history of the terrane. The auriferous quartz pebble conglomerate is part of a clastic sequence that is largely derived from the adjacent volcanic and plutonic rocks with the gold widely regarded as having originated from eroded vein deposits. Structural data, however, show that both the volcanic rocks and clastic sequence were deformed jointly prior to epigenetic gold mineralisation. Thus, the quartz vein deposits could not have been the source of the paleoplacer mineralisation. The paleoplacer gold could have originated from one of several possible sources but none has been unequivocally identified. 相似文献
12.
云南鹤庆北衙金多金属矿床成矿地质条件 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
鹤庆北衙金多金属矿床位于德格—中甸陆块、巴颜喀拉—扬子陆块与昌都—思茅陆块三个Ⅰ级构造单元结合部东侧。成矿作用主要受北衙组灰岩、喜山期富碱斑岩、次级构造控制,由岩浆高、中、低温热液交代、蚀变、充填形成金矿床。岩体的接触带、蚀变斑岩体内的构造破碎带、围岩内的层间滑脱带和陡倾斜断裂是重要的赋矿场所。 相似文献
13.
云南北衙矿床是中国21世纪初新发现的超大型矽卡岩-斑岩型金多金属矿床之一,除已经勘查评价的Au、Fe、Cu、Pb、Zn等元素外,还伴生有一定量的W元素等有益组分。文章对北衙金多金属矿床万硐山矿段及外围马头湾和南大坪矿区中的钨矿化开展系统的岩石学和矿物学研究,初步查明了万硐山矿段和其外围矿床中的钨矿化特征。研究发现,这些矿区(段)的含钨矿物主要为白钨矿,在万硐山矿段和马头湾矿区还有少量的黑钨矿产出;钨矿化主要产于岩体与围岩地层接触部位的矽卡岩或其退化蚀变岩中,白钨矿多充填在石榴子石等矿物的晶体间隙,个别被石榴子石包裹(南大坪矿区);万硐山矿段和马头湾矿区中的白钨矿具有较高的w(Mo)。这些特征表明,北衙地区的钨矿化作用与典型矽卡岩型白钨矿矿床基本一致。万硐山矿段中白钨矿交代黑钨矿的过程与磁铁矿的结晶过程密切相关,暗示钨矿化与铁、金矿化作用是同一成矿作用的产物。北衙地区的区域土壤W元素地球化学异常具有良好的浓度分级,且部分异常中心与已知的矿床/点明显对应,说明北衙地区具有良好的钨矿找矿潜力,白钨矿和黑钨矿均可以作为找矿标志性矿物,而Mo元素地球化学异常则可以作为间接找矿标志。 相似文献
14.
滇西新生代与富碱斑岩有关的金矿床成矿特征和成矿条件 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
与富碱斑岩有关的金矿床是云南省新发现的金矿类型,典型矿床有北衙、马厂箐金矿等。它们主要分布在滇西地区的金沙江—哀牢山富碱斑岩带中及附近。金矿床的形成在时间、空间上与富碱斑岩密切相关。富碱斑岩的形成时代是喜山期,金矿化接近或略晚于富碱斑岩的形成时间。矿床围岩以中生代地层为主。本文总结该类金矿成矿特征,详细分析了与其形成相关的断裂构造、岩浆岩条件,认为该类金矿在云南具有十分重要的代表性和相当广阔的找矿前景。 相似文献
15.
Field observations and experimental results show that gold is mobile under a wide range of natural conditions in the surficial environment. However, the extent to which, and the form(s) in which gold was mobile in ancient placers remains speculative. Rather more convincing is the extent to which diagenetic and metamorphic processes have been active in redistributing the gold.Huronian paleoplacer gold deposits span a critical transition in Earth history, namely, the oxyatmoversion, evidence for which exists in the upper Gowganda Formation dated at 2.288 Ga. Prior to this transition, deposition of gold occurred under reducing atmospheric conditions, with transportation of the more finely-divided material possibly as organic-protected colloids, as has been suggested for the Witwatersrand. Following the oxyatmoversion, gold deposition will have been subject to secondary enrichment, like many Phanerozoic placer gold occurrences. For this reason, and on purely sedimentological grounds, upper Huronian strata ought to have as much potential for hosting economic deposits of gold as the basal units.A total of 121 Au and Au---U occurrences, including several past and presently producing mines from the Huronian Supergroup, are examined. These are classified according to whether mineralization is: in or adjacent to diabase dikes (11 cases); in (quartz, quartz—carbonate) veins (85 cases); stratiform (25 cases). Of the non-diabase-hosted occurrences, 41.3% occur in the Cobalt Group, 15.7% in the Quirke Lake Group, 24.9% in the Hough Lake Group and 9% in the Elliott Lake Group.Frequency of occurrence can be related to transgressive sedimentary cycles, with deposits concentrated in the Matinenda, Mississagi and Gowganda Formations, which immediately overlie the Archean—Huronian unconformity. Most of the deposits occur in the Gowganda Formation, although none of these is stratiform.In terms of Au content, there is a large overlap in class intervals of stratiform vein deposits. Vein deposits are, in general, richer than stratiform by a factor of 10. Selected stratiform deposits in the Matinenda, Mississagi and Serpent Formations are examined in light of available geological and geochemical data. In these deposits, anomalous gold values in dominantly quartzitic metasediments are accompanied by fine-grained pyrite and other heavy minerals, including uranium, which occurs in most, but not all cases. Metamorphic grade ranges from upper greenschist to lower amphibolite facies. A few of the stratiform occurrences are accompanied by accumulations of carbonaceous material, an association reminiscent of the Witwatersrand goldfields.Results of electron-microprobe study indicate that much of the gold in the Huronian metasediments occurs as low level concentrations in pyrite of morphologically different types, in arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite, and in pyrrhotite variously altered to marcasite. It is clear that Huronian paleoplacer gold deposits exist, but only in conditions much modified by diagenetic and metamorphic processes. 相似文献
16.
云南北衙特大型金矿找矿突破:商业性勘查快速评价的范例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
北衙金矿找矿突破是一个曲折的过程,50年代勘查铅锌铁矿,70年代发现了金矿,以"红土型"金矿勘查为主,90年代在分析研究前人勘查和科研成果的基础上,对矿床的成因类型认识获得突破:金多金属矿床受岩体、构造、地层三位一体控制,成矿物质主要来源于深部地幔物质,主成矿期为与岩体侵位的喜马拉雅山期,成因类型为斑岩-热液型金矿床。再用岩体+构造+综合异常圈定万硐山为找矿靶区,采用高精磁测定位矿体,钻孔验证发现了斑岩型金矿体,并成功地用商业性地质勘查对金矿床进行了快速勘查评价。 相似文献
17.
芬兰北部的金矿床数量众多,大多数金矿床(点)产出于古元古界中央拉普兰绿岩带(CLGB)和库萨莫—帕拉波加片岩带内,主要分为3种类型:造山型金矿、铁氧化物铜-金(IOCG型)矿床及砂金矿。其中造山型金矿绝大部分分布于中央拉普兰绿岩带中部及库萨默地区和帕拉波加地区,最常见的矿石矿物为黄铁矿、毒砂、黄铜矿和磁黄铁矿,其次为方铅矿、闪锌矿、黝铜矿等。围岩蚀变包括钠长石化、绢云母化、黑云母化、碳酸盐化及绿泥石化。造山型金矿床主要控制因素包括构造、岩性和造山期区域变质。IOCG型矿床主要分布在CLGB的西部克拉瑞地区,容矿围岩是钠长石-直闪石石棉型岩石,矿石中富含Fe-Cu-Au±Ag、Bi、Ba、Co、Mo、Sb、Se、Te、Th、U和轻稀土元素。围岩蚀变强烈,并且有明显的分带现象。IOCG型金矿床的形成受岩浆热液活动和构造的影响较大。砂金矿床包括古砂金矿床和现代砂金矿床,主要分布在CLGB东北部。芬兰北部金矿床的研究对北极圈及邻区的找矿勘查工作具有重要意义,也为中国胶东半岛、华北克拉通北缘、小秦岭和秦岭地区及新疆北部地区进一步金矿勘查提供参考。 相似文献
18.
滇西北北衙金多金属矿床是西南"三江"多金属成矿带新生代斑岩型矿床的典型代表,是近些年来取得找矿突破的超大型金多金属矿床。运用矿田地质力学的理论和方法,通过大比例尺构造剖面精测,进行典型控岩控矿构造力学性质的鉴定,分析构造对斑岩成岩和成矿作用的控制机制。认为北衙金多金属矿床万硐山矿段自燕山晚期–喜马拉雅早期以来主要经历了近EW向→近SN向→近EW向三期构造主压应力的转变,形成了典型的褶皱–断裂–节理控岩控矿构造系统。构造控岩控矿过程为:燕山晚期–喜马拉雅早期,在近EW向主压应力作用下,形成北衙矿区控岩控矿构造格架,为斑岩侵位和成矿作用发生提供了有利的成岩成矿构造环境,并伴有石英钠长斑岩的侵位;喜马拉雅中期,主压应力方向转变为近SN向,伴随构造活动发生石英正长斑岩的超浅成侵位和成岩作用,并发生斑岩型金成矿作用,在层间断裂破碎带、断裂带及节理构造内形成带状、"似层状"和脉状金矿体,在岩体内形成斑岩型浸染状金矿体,在斑岩与围岩接触带形成矽卡岩型金矿体;喜马拉雅晚期,本区再次经受近EW向挤压作用,主要对先期形成的斑岩和金矿体产生变形、变位,并造成风化剥蚀,成矿作用主要表现为氧化淋滤富集型金矿的形成。 相似文献
19.
The St. Marys Basin of mainland Nova Scotia, Canada, consists of Late Devonian–Early Carboniferous clastic rocks of the Horton
Group deposited in the waning stages of the ca. 420–360 Ma Acadian orogeny in the Canadian Appalachians. Clast lithologies
and lithogeochemical analyses indicate that the detritus was predominantly derived from the Meguma terrane that occurs to
the south of the basin. The Meguma terrane contains abundant mesothermal gold deposits that are coeval with peak magmatic
activity from ca. 380 to 370 Ma and underwent rapid uplift and erosion between ca. 370 and 360 Ma. Within the St. Marys Basin,
the contact between the lacustrine Little Stewiacke River Formation and the fluviatile Barrens Hills Formation is interpreted
to represent a shoreline and a potentially favorable environment for depositing paleoplacer gold. Geochemical analyses of
lithologies adjacent to this contact indicate that the siltstones are predominantly derived from Meguma terrane metasedimentary
rocks, whereas the sandstones and conglomerates are predominantly derived from Meguma terrane granitoids. Geochemical and
mineralogical analysis indicate the accumulation of heavy minerals including zircon and gold. Micron-scale (<150 μm) gold
identified in the matrix of the conglomerates has a “nuggety” appearance and flakey microtexture indicative of a detrital
origin. This observation indicates that the mesothermal deposits were exhumed by the latest Devonian, consistent with regional
tectonic syntheses that invoke rapid uplift of the Meguma terrane following peak orogenic activity. This study suggests that
favorable depositional environments for paleoplacer deposits may occur in Horton Group rocks that are derived from the Meguma
terrane.
Received: 27 May 1999 / Accepted: 16 May 2000 相似文献