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喇嘛苏铜矿床斑岩体地质地球化学特征及含矿性评价 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
矿区内广泛发育以斜长花岗斑岩和花岗闪长斑岩为主的中酸性斑岩体。斑岩的结构特征反映出岩浆浅成侵位成因。研究表明该区斑岩具有相对富硅和富碱高钾的岩石化学特征,属钙碱性系列;具有Ｃｕ、Ａｇ、Ｂｉ等成矿元素高丰度的微量元素地球化学特征和低ΣＲＥＥ与高δＥｕ值的稀土地球化学特征。矿区内铜矿化富集在斑岩体内外接触带,斑岩体深源浅成特点和富碱高钾岩石化学特征于铜矿化富集有利。Ｃｕ、Ａｇ等成矿元素高丰度及其与矿化类型一致性说明成矿与岩浆活动有密切成因关系。 相似文献
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桂花冲铜矿床是铜陵矿集区沙滩脚矿田内新发现的一个以斑岩型矿化为主的矽卡岩-斑岩复合型铜矿床。文章对该矿床的矿床地质和斑岩型矿化成矿流体进行了初步研究,旨在查明该矿床成矿流体的演化过程。根据脉体的穿切关系及矿物共生组合,桂花冲铜矿斑岩型矿化成矿过程可划分为钾化、硅化、石英黄铁矿、石英多金属硫化物和碳酸盐5个阶段。硅化阶段主要发育纯气体、含子矿物及富气相包裹体,石英黄铁矿阶段主要发育纯气体、富液相、富气相及含子矿物包裹体,石英多金属硫化物阶段及碳酸盐阶段主要发育富液相包裹体。从硅化阶段至碳酸盐阶段,成矿流体由高温(472.9℃)、高盐度(47.7%~74.0%)的岩浆热液逐渐向中低温(140.2~280.3℃)、低盐度(1.6%~7.7%)的岩浆热液和大气降水的混合流体演化,成矿过程中流体经历了沸腾及混合作用,混合作用是导致铜沉淀的主要机制。 相似文献
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德兴铜厂斑岩铜矿成矿流体演化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨成矿流体的特征和演化过程,对德兴铜厂斑岩铜矿床不同蚀变—矿化带石英细脉中的流体包裹体进行详细的岩相学观察、显微测温、显微激光喇曼探针工作.结果显示,德兴铜厂斑岩铜矿主要有三类流体包裹体:富液相包裹体(Ⅰ型),富气相包裹体(Ⅱ型)、多相包裹体(Ⅲ型);成矿早期的Ⅰ型包裹体,主成矿期的Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型包裹体,以及成矿晚期的Ⅰ型包裹体的平均均—温度和平均盐度分别为:481℃,8.1％; 410℃,1.2％;389℃,56％和215℃,3.1％;主成矿期的Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型包裹体的平均均—温度相近,但盐度相差很大,指示了沸腾作用的发生;从早期到晚期,成矿流体呈现温度降低,挥发分逸出的趋势. 相似文献
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本文简述了宁夏小松山超基性岩体的地质概况,重点讨论了其岩体中铂族元素的矿化特征和成因机制,对铂族元素的因子分析、源区岩石及原始岩浆性质、岩浆演化过程中的物理化学条件等问题进行了研究。指出铂族元素的富集与铬铁矿化有密切的成因联系,铂族元素的矿化类型受原始地幔岩中铂族元素的类型控制。 相似文献
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云南普朗斑岩铜矿蚀变带成矿流体特征及其成矿意义 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
云南普朗铜矿位于义敦—中甸岛弧带南缘,是近年来我国发现的一个大中型斑岩铜矿床。该矿床具有典型的斑岩铜矿蚀变分带,由中心向外依次为钾硅化带、绢英岩化带、青盘岩化带。对矿区不同蚀变带中的石英流体包裹体进行了岩相学观察、均一温度测量和激光拉曼探针成分分析。均一温度测量结果表明,从普朗斑岩铜矿床钾硅化带到绢英岩化带再到青盘岩化带,成矿流体的平均均一温度从274.4℃到236.4℃再到203.0℃,呈明显下降趋势,可能与天水参与成矿有关。同时,激光拉曼探针成分分析结果表明,普朗斑岩铜矿床矿化期间的成矿流体属于富硫富氯流体,这种温度较高且富硫富氯的成矿流体在钾硅化带和绢英岩化带发生矿化作用将导致成矿物质强烈富集成矿。 相似文献
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采用ICP-MS测定了胶东焦家、马塘、东季和红布金矿床黄铁矿、石英及其群体包裹体的微量元素组成。结果表明,黄铁矿包裹体与石英包裹体均富集Cu、Pb和Zn等成矿元素,反映了成矿流体的特征;不同成矿阶段成矿流体特征有差异,石英黄铁矿化阶段、黄铁绢英岩化阶段、石英多金属矿化阶段石英及其包裹体微量元素含量均高于成矿较差的钾长石化阶段的石英及其包裹体;与陆壳微量元素丰度相比,黄铁矿及石英中Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag和Au等成矿元素富集;与地热卤水及斑岩铜矿卤水微量元素含量相比,黄铁矿及石英包裹体中以Cu为代表的成矿元素均较其它元素相对富集,反映了成矿流体中富集成矿元素的特征。上述结果表明,可以采用ICP-MS测定黄铁矿及石英包裹体微量元素来研究成矿流体的特征。 相似文献
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方解石作为木落稀土矿床常见的脉石矿物,其中的铂族元素(简称PGE)地球化学特征有可能记录了地质流体的性质。采用ICP-MS分析木落方解石中PGE的含量,并对铂族元素的分布、相关性、成因进行了探讨。木落方解石可以分为两类:I型方解石和Ⅱ型方解石。I型方解石中∑PGE(不含Os)0.62～1.33ng/g,具相对低的Pd/Pt、Pd/Rh、Pd/Ru、Pd/Ir比值,不太显著的Pt-Pd分配模式,为岩浆成因方解石,与成矿作用密切相关;Ⅱ型方解石中∑PGE(不含Os)1.85～2.97ng/g,具相对高的Pd/Pt、Pd/Rh、Pd/Ru、Pd/Ir比值和显著的Pt-Pd分配模式,为热液成因方解石,代表了成矿作用后的一期地质流体作用,与成矿关系不大,仅局部地区存在改造前次流体作用形成的稀土矿体。富CO2热液具有携带PGE的能力,并能够导致PGE的分异,与富CO2岩浆相比,富CO2热液对铂族元素具有一定程度的富集作用。 相似文献
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江西德兴朱砂红斑岩铜矿流体包裹体特征及其成矿意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
朱砂红斑岩铜矿位于德兴斑岩铜矿矿集区的西北方向,紧邻铜厂铜矿.本文在前人有关德兴铜矿研究基础上,以铜矿流体包裹体为研究内容,通过野外详细的岩芯采样,室内石英斑晶、石英脉和方解石脉中包裹体测试及数据整理分析后初步发现:朱砂红斑岩铜矿流体包裹体大致可以分成五大类型(富液型包裹体、富气型包裹体、含CO2气液两相型包裹体、含子矿物多相型和固液两相型);相比铜厂整体成矿温度略低,盐度略高;由成矿流体压力47.27～184.47 MPa,推导出成矿深度达2～4 km,以及激光拉曼测试结果——流体中含有CO2、H2S和CH4等挥成份气体,它们可能与Au等元素的运移成矿有关.因此,从包裹体性质推测朱砂红铜矿不只是斑岩铜矿,可能是浅成热液斑岩型铜金矿床.此外,朱砂红矿区成矿流体来源至少有两种:高温岩浆流体和大气降水.伴随流体演化期次大致可以划分出3个成矿阶段:硅酸盐硫化物阶段、石英-硫化物阶段(即主成矿阶段,温度:200～340℃,盐度:2.0％～15％NaCl)、碳酸盐-硫酸盐硫化物阶段.同时,均一温度、盐度及压力等暗示在流体演化和成矿过程中岩浆流体发生过沸腾或不混溶作用. 相似文献
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中国西部探明了一系列与新元古代以来幔源岩浆有关的镍铜铂族元素(platinum group elements, PGE)岩浆矿床,华北克拉通新元古代金川镍铜铂族硫化物矿床、峨眉山二叠纪大火成岩省金宝山铂族元素矿床等记录了不同构造环境幔源岩浆PGE超常富集成矿过程。亲铁性的铂族元素高度富集于地核,深部地幔起源、高程度部分熔融形成的镁铁质岩浆中PGE含量较高,地幔岩浆系统不同条件下铂族元素以纳米态元素簇、合金、硫化物熔体或超临界流体运移-聚集成矿,在阶段性岩浆房多阶段、多途径富集,成矿作用类型丰富。华北-华南克拉通岩石圈地幔PGE含量均略高于原始地幔值;华北克拉通岩石圈地幔PGE含量从古生代到中新生代略有降低,表明存在PGE抽取岩浆事件。中国西部新元古代以来的幔源岩浆源区PGE不亏损、岩浆活动时间长、岩浆-硫化物相互作用PGE多阶段富集及地幔柱岩浆动力学背景是PGE超常富集成矿的有利地质条件,其控制因素及动力学背景的认识对查明PGE成矿潜力和拓展资源储量具有重要意义。 相似文献
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铂族元素矿物共生组合(英文) 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
由于铂族元素能有效地降低汽车尾气的污染 ,其需求量日益增加 ,对铂族元素矿床的寻找已是当务之急。着重从矿物矿床学角度对铂族元素的矿物共生特点进行了探讨。铂族元素可呈独立矿床产出 ,主要产于基性超基性层状侵入体、蛇绿岩套及阿拉斯加式侵入体中。铂族元素也伴生于铜镍矿床中 ,该类铜镍矿床主要与苏长岩侵入体、溢流玄武岩及科马提岩有关。产于基性超基性层状侵入体中的铂族矿物有铂钯硫化物、铂铁合金、钌硫化物、铑硫化物、铂钯碲化物、钯砷化物及钯的合金。这些铂族矿物可与硫化物矿物共生 ,也可与硅酸盐矿物共生 ,还可与铬铁矿及其他氧化物矿物共生。产于蛇绿岩套中的铂族矿物主要是钌铱锇的矿物 ,而铂钯铑的矿物则较少出现 ,这些铂族矿物可呈合金、硫化物、硫砷化物以及砷化物 4种形式出现。产于阿拉斯加式侵入体中的铂族矿物主要有铂铁合金、锑铂矿、硫铂矿、砷铂矿、硫锇矿及马兰矿等少数几种 ,其中铂铁合金与铬铁矿及与其同时结晶的高温硅酸盐矿物共生 ,而其他的铂族矿物则与后来的变质作用及蛇纹岩化作用中形成的多金属硫化物及砷化物共生。产于铜镍矿床中的铂族矿物主要是铂和钯的矿物。产于基性超基性层状侵入体、蛇绿岩套及阿拉斯加式侵入体中的铂族矿物的共同特点是它们均与铬铁矿? 相似文献
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Palladium, Platinum and Gold Concentrations in Fengshan Porphyry Cu–Mo Deposit, Hubei Province, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abstract: The Fengshan porphyry-skarn copper–molybdenum (Cu–Mo) deposit is located in the south-eastern Hubei Province in east China. Cu–Mo mineralization is hosted in the Fengshan granodiorite porphyry stock that intruded the Triassic Daye Formation carbonate rocks in the early Cretaceous (~140 Ma), as well as the contact zone between granodiorite porphyry stock and carbonate rocks, forming the porphyry-type and skarn-type association. The Fengshan granodiorite stock and the immediate country rocks are strongly fractured and intensely altered by hydrothermal fluids. In addition to intense skarn alteration, the prominent alteration types are potassic, phyllic, and propylitic, whereas argillation is less common. Mineralization occurs as veins, stock works, and disseminations, and the main ore minerals are chalcopyrite, pyrite, molybdenite, bornite, and magnetite. The contents of palladium, platinum and gold (Pd, Pt and Au) are determined in nine samples from fresh and mineralized granodiorite and different types of altered rocks. The results show that the Pd content is systematically higher than Pt, which is typical for porphyry ore deposits worldwide. The Pt content ranges from 0.037 to1.765 ppb, and the Pd content ranges between 0.165 and 17.979 ppb. Pd and Pt are more concentrated in porphyry mineralization than skarn mineralization, and have negative correlations with Au. The reconnaissance study presented here confirms the existence of Pd and Pt in the Fengshan porphyry-skarn Cu–Mo deposit. When compared with intracontinent and island arc geotectonic settings, the Pd, Pt, and Au contents in the Fengshan porphyry Cu–Mo deposit in the intracontinent is lower than the continental margin types and island are types. A combination of available data indicates that Pd and Pt were derived from oxidized alkaline magmas generated by the partial melting of an enriched mantle source. 相似文献
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Platinum-group elements （PGE） in PGE-rich porphyry copper （gold） deposits are mainly Pt and Pd, whereas the concentrations of other PGE （Ru, Rh, Os, Ir） are significantly low. Moreover, Pt and Pd mainly exist in sulfides in the forms of crystal lattice or tiny platinum-group mineral （PGM） inclusions. The present data show that there is a positive relationship between Pt and Pd concentrations and Cu （Au） in porphyry copper （gold） deposits. The comparison of chondrite-normalized PGE distribution patterns between the ore-bearing porphyry intrusions and ore-barren porphyry intrusions in arc setting, 187^Os/188^Os, 87^Sr/86^Sr and S isotopes for porphyry copper （gold） deposits shows that PGEs were mainly derived from the mantle, and fluids from subduction zones devoted trivial PGE to the magma. The porphyry copper （gold） deposits associated with subducted events are most probably enriched in PGE, whereas those related to crustal thickening, lithospheric delamination or underplating rarely concentrate PGE. The osmium isotopic compositions in porphyry copper （gold） deposits reveal that （187^Os/188^Os）i values are highly variable and not lower than those of primitive upper mantle （PUM） and mantle peridotite, however, osmium concentrations are commonly lower than mantle peridotite, suggesting that parental magmas of some porphyry intrusions had experienced crustal contamination during magma evolution. Experimental investigations have proved that PGE exist in the forms of Cl^- and HS^- complexes during transportation and migration of the oreforming fluids. This paper summarizes previous studies including crucial controlling factors and mechanisms for PGE enrichment, and points out that the mantle-derived magmas parental to porphyry intrusions are the prerequisite for PGE enrichment in porphyry copper （gold） deposits. Favorable physical and chemical conditions （including salinity, temperature, pressure, pH, and oxygen fugacity） in hydrothermal fluids crucially control the 相似文献
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煎茶岭与金川硫化镍矿床的铂族元素地球化学特征对比及其意义 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用ICP—MS方法分析了煎茶岭和金川硫化镍矿床岩石、矿石的铂族元素含量,煎茶岭岩体蛇纹岩的Cu／Pd比值低于原生地幔岩浆,说明岩浆熔离作用较弱,矿石的Pd／Ir比值较小,指示其多数矿石属于岩浆型,以岩浆成矿作用为主;而金川岩体的平均Cu／Pd比值远大于原生地幔岩浆,表明岩浆熔离作用强,矿石的Pd／Ir比值较大,体现了钯族元素矿化及成矿物质以幔源为主的特征。煎茶岭在成矿过程中有壳源物质的混染,整体上岩石、矿石铂族元素含量较低,这与岩浆熔离作用弱、铂族元素成矿作用不发育等因素有关;金川在成岩成矿过程中也有少量地壳物质的混染,但岩石、矿石铂族元素含量较高,反映了以岩浆深部熔离成矿作用为主的特征。 相似文献
15.
Mineralized quartz diorites of the Santo Tomas II porphyry copper-gold deposit, carry high Au contents (average: 1.8 ppm) as well as 160 ppb Pd and 38 ppb Pt. Values of other platinum-group elements (PGE) and rhenium are below the analytical detection limits. There is a significant positive correlation between Au and Cu. The highest Pd values were detected in the most Au- and Cu-rich rocks. Platinum-group minerals (PGM) occur exclusively as inclusions in chalcopyrite and bornite. Potential Pd and Pt contents in sulphide concentrates are estimated at 1.5 g/t and 0.4 g/t, respectively. The precious metal assemblages consist of merenskyite (main PGM), kotulskite, moncheite, native gold, electrum, hessite and petzite. Polyphase fluid inclusions in quartz veinlets, associated with a PGM-bearing bornite-chalcopyrite-magnetite assemblage, are characterized by high salinity (35 to > 60 eq. wt% NaCl) and high trapping temperatures (between 380 and 520 °C). They may represent primary magmatic-hydrothermal fluids, which have been responsible for the transport of Pd, Pt and Au as chloride complexes. 相似文献
16.
铂族元素矿床地球化学勘查的战略和技术 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11
最近10年，PGE地球化学勘查取得许多进展，在此对主要进展作一简短的评述。①通过对已知其它金属矿床的再认识和再评价，发现新类型PGE矿床；②通过对已知PGE矿床的地球化学勘查，发现新的找矿靶区；③在空白区通过PGE地球化学填图，发现规模巨大的PGE地球化学省或巨省，为寻找PGE矿床提供了直接的找矿信息。根据中国的具体情况提出了中国PGE地球化学勘查的战略目标是：采用迅速，掌握全局，逐步缩小靶区的找矿战略，力争用5-10a时间使PGE矿床找矿获得重大突破。部署工作应以西南Pt、Pd地球化学省、新-甘-青Pt 相似文献
17.
Summary Sulphide and flotation concentrates from 33 porphyry copper deposits have been investigated for platinum-group elements (PGE), Au, Cu and platinum-group minerals (PGM). The major sulphides in the samples studied are chalcopyrite and pyrite. Bornite is less frequent and molybdenite occurs in traces only. PGM (merenskyite, sperrylite and an unidentified Pd-Sb telluride) have been found as inclusions in chalcopyrite.Pd and Pt are present in concentrations above the analytical detection limit (> 8 ppb) in 70% respectively 30% of the deposits studied. The contents of Os, Ir, Ru and Rh are below detection limits in all samples. The analytical results show that 7 deposits (six of island arc and one of continental margin setting) reveal relatively high Pd contents (130–1900 ppb) which are associated with high Au contents (1–28 ppm). In five of them discrete PGM can be identified in accordance with elevated levels of Pd. Correlations of Au, Pd and Pt point towards a common origin.Even though the data base is relatively small, a trend is obvious, suggesting that Au-rich island arc porphyry copper deposits might host more Pd and Pt than the continental margin type ones. Other aspects of intrusive rocks, such as geological age, chemical composition and magma type do not seem to influence PGE contents.
With 8 Figures 相似文献
Platingruppen-Elemente in porphyrischen Kupfer Lagerstätten: eine Überblicksstudie
Zusammenfassung Es wurden Sulfid- und Flotationskonzentrate aus 33 Porphyry Kupfer Lagerstätten: auf Platingruppenelemente (PGE), Au, Cu and Platingruppenminerale (PGM) untersucht. Die Hauptsulfide im untersuchten Probenmaterial sind Chalkopyrit und Pyrit. Bornit ist weniger häufig and Molybdänit tritt nur in Spuren auf. An PGM wurden Merenskyit (in den Lagerstätten: Elacite, Majdanpek and Skouries), Sperrylith und ein nicht näher identifizierbares Pd-Sb- Tellurid (in der Lagerstätte Mamut) als Einschlüsse in Chalkopyrit festgestellt.Pd ist in 70% and Pt in 30% der untersuchten Lagerstätten: nachweisbar (> 8 ppb), während die Gehalte von Os, Ir, Ru and Rh in allen Proben unterhalb der Nachweisgrenze liegen. In 7 Lagerstätten: (davon sechs vom Inselbogen- und eine vom Kontinentalrandtyp) wurden relativ hohe Pd-Konzentrationen (130–1900 ppb) festgestellt, die auch durch hohe Au-Gehalte (1–28 ppm) gekennzeichnet sind. In 5 Lagerstätten: sind entsprechend den hohen Pd-Gehalten PGM nachweisbar.Geochemische Korrelationen zwischen Au, Pd and Pt weisen auf eine gemeinsame Herkunft dieser Metalle hin. Obwohl der Datenbestand noch relativ klein ist, ist ein Trend bereits sichtbar, daß Au-reiche Inselbogenporphyries Where Pd- und Pt- Gehalte erwarten lassen als der Kontinentalrand-Typ. Andere Aspekte wie geologisches Alter, Magmentyp and Chemismus der betreffenden Intrusivgesteine spielen bei der PGEFührung offensichtlich keine Rolle.
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18.
M. A. E. Huminicki P. J. Sylvester R. Lastra L. J. Cabri D. Evans-Lamswood D. H. C. Wilton 《Mineralogy and Petrology》2008,92(1-2):129-164
Summary This study reports the first documented occurrence of platinum group-minerals (PGM) in the vicinity of the Voisey’s Bay magmatic
sulfide ore deposit. The PGM are present in a sulfide poor, hornblende gabbro dyke in the Southeast Extension Zone of the
massive sulfide Ovoid deposit. The dyke has somewhat elevated concentrations of platinum-group elements (PGE) and gold (up
to 1.95 g/t Pt, 1.41 g/t Pd, and 6.59 g/t Au), as well as Cu, Pb, Ag, Sn, Te, Bi and Sb. The PGM formed by magmatic processes
and were little disturbed by subsequent infiltration of an externally-supplied hydrothermal fluid. To date, no similar PGM
occurrences have been discovered in the Ovoid deposit itself.
Whole rock REE patterns indicate that the dyke is geochemically related to the main conduit troctolites, which carry the bulk
of the massive sulfide mineralization at Voisey’s Bay. The PGE mineralization is Pt- and Pd-rich, where the Pt and Pd occur
predominantly as discrete PGM with minor Pd in solid solution in galena (average=1.8 ppm) and pentlandite (average=2 ppm).
The discrete PGM are predominantly hosted by disseminated base-metal sulfides (bornite, chalcopyrite, and galena) (56 vol%)
and are associated with other precious metal minerals (13 vol%) with only ∼3 vol% of the PGM hosted by silicate minerals.
In whole rock samples, the PPGE (Pt, Pd, and Rh) correlate with abundances of chalcopyrite, bornite, galena, and other precious
metal minerals (PMM), whereas the IPGE (Ir, Ru, and Rh) correlate with pyrrhotite and pentlandite. There are no correlations
of the PGE with chlorine. Lead isotope compositions of galena associated with the PGE mineralization in the Southeast Extension
Zone are broadly similar to those for galena in the Ovoid. The lead isotope compositions are much different from those in
the Voisey’s Bay Syenite, which is a potential external hydrothermal fluid source.
The observed Cu-rich, Pb-rich sulfide compositions and associated Pt-Pd-Au-Ag-Sn-Te-Bi-Sb assemblage in the dyke can be produced
magmatically as late ISS differentiates (e.g., Prichard et al., 2004). Melting temperatures of the PGM are also consistent with a magmatic origin. Following crystallization of PGM
from magmatic sulfide, an external REE-enriched hydrothermal fluid was introduced to the system, producing secondary amphibole
and locally remobilizing the Pb and Sn from the sulfides hosting the PGM.
Author’s address: M. A. E. Huminicki, Department of Earth Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada A1B 3X5 相似文献
19.
邹平王家庄铜矿是山东重要的斑岩型铜(钼)矿床,产于中生代陆相火山岩盆地中,矿石物质组分复杂,以富含硫砷铜矿为特征,并伴有金矿化。通过显微镜下详细的矿石物质组分研究,结合电子探针微区分析、扫描电镜及能谱分析等测试技术,在矿石中新发现了铀矿物及铂族元素矿物(PGM)。测试结果表明,铀矿物为铜砷铀云母,与孔雀石等铜的氧化物一起分布于矿体氧化带中;PGM为碲钯矿、黄碲铋钯矿等钯的碲化物,包裹于针硫铋铅矿中,粒度较小,成分复杂。结合矿床地球化学资料,讨论了成矿物质来源及铂族元素(PGE)和U的迁移富集机制。认为成矿物质来源于地幔,矿床成因与地幔上隆、地壳减薄及深断裂活动有关。岩浆期后产生的富含金属络合物的高盐度热液对PGE和U的迁移富集起重要作用,隐爆作用造成的剧烈温压降低及气体散失、络合物分解是矿质聚集沉淀的重要条件。 相似文献