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西藏北部改则－班戈地区出露的中上侏罗统接奴群是残余弧后盆地的滨浅海相陆缘碎屑沉积，具有完整的水进－水退沉积旋回。主要沉积相类型有碎屑浅海、高能滨岸、陆源碎屑潮坪、碳酸盐合地、扇三角洲等，向南部冈底期－念青唐古拉岛弧方向超覆，向北部羌塘板片与广阔碳酸盐台地相的佣钦错群过渡。接奴群是该区最有潜力的油气勘探目的层。广阔的浅海相泥页岩为主要的烃源岩，早期滨岸相粗碎屑岩是主要的潜在储集岩，有可能形成的油气藏类型包括超覆岩性油气藏和构造油气藏。 相似文献
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以世界被动大陆边缘含油气盆地构造演化、油气田资料为基础,采用地质综合分析方法,探讨了不同类型被动大陆边缘盆地在不同构造演化阶段深水区烃源岩的形成条件:开阔海型被动大陆边缘盆地群裂谷阶段发育大型局限湖盆,区域分布的厚层湖相富生油黑色泥页岩为主力烃源岩;边缘海型被动大陆边缘盆地群裂谷阶段发育受河流—波浪控制的大型三角洲,海陆过渡相富生气炭质泥页岩和煤系为主力烃源岩;被动大陆边缘阶段盆地群发生持续性海侵,在高水位体系域缺氧环境下的富有机质海相泥页岩为盆地重要的烃源岩。 相似文献
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西非被动大陆边缘构造-沉积演化及其对生储盖的控制作用 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
西非海岸属典型的被动大陆边缘,经历了前裂谷、裂谷和被动陆缘等三个演化阶段,北段与中南段盆地裂谷作用的时间和方式不同。在由构造—沉积控制的盆地发展演化过程中发育三套主力烃源岩,即裂谷期盐下湖相页岩、被动陆缘期盐上海相页岩以及浅海相—三角洲相页岩;发育裂谷期湖相碎屑岩、被动陆缘期碳酸盐岩、滨岸砂岩、浊积体和三角洲砂岩等多套储层。阿普特盐岩为主要的区域盖层,形成了裂谷期的断块、断背斜、盐岩构造以及与被动陆缘期同生长断层相关的滚动背斜等众多构造和圈闭。 相似文献
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中国东南海域中生代地处欧亚板块东南缘, 夹持于欧亚板块、太平洋板块与印度澳大利亚板块之间。以往对于该区域的油气勘探多集中于新生代。笔者在前人研究的基础之上, 结合新近获得的地震资料, 开展了中国东南海域及周缘油气地质条件研究。结果表明:中国东南海域中生界分布广, 东海南部、台湾岛以及台西南盆地发育中生界深海相硅质岩, 可能与冲绳缝合带和菲律宾巴拉望缝合带形成有关;南海北部及周缘陆区发育上三叠统下侏罗统海相和海陆交互相碎屑岩及上侏罗统白垩系陆相碎屑岩, 可能与印支期缝合带的形成有关。从海域钻井及周缘陆区沉积层序资料推断, 中国东南海域有两套发育良好的烃源岩, 具有较强的生烃潜力:上三叠统下侏罗统海相泥页岩, 有机碳质量分数为0.28%~14.96%, 干酪根类型主要以Ⅱ2型和Ⅲ型为主;下白垩统海相泥页岩, 有机碳质量分数为0.60%~2.00%, 干酪根类型以偏Ⅱ2Ⅲ型为主。该海域发育两套生储盖组合:一套以上三叠统下侏罗统泥页岩为烃源岩, 中、上侏罗统砂岩为储层, 下白垩统泥页岩为盖层;另一套以下白垩统泥页岩为烃源岩, 白垩系砂岩为储层, 上白垩统泥页岩为盖层。它们相互可以形成"古生新储"、"自生自储"油气藏组合。因此, 中国东南海域中生界是值得关注的油气勘探新领域。 相似文献
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东非被动大陆边缘盆地近年来发现了一系列大气田,主要分布于鲁武马盆地,其可采储量达3.8×1012 m3。盆地经历了卡鲁裂谷期、马达加斯加裂谷期和马达加斯加漂移期等3期构造演化。其中,马达加斯加裂谷期形成下侏罗统—中侏罗统湖相-滨浅海相烃源岩,于早白垩世进入生油门限,晚白垩世达到生油高峰,渐新世进入生气窗。受马达加斯加漂移期东非陆上断裂系统活动影响,大量富砂沉积物以块体搬运和深海滑塌方式向深水区堆积,形成了盆地内面积广、厚度大、岩性相对均一且物性良好的超大型深水重力流沉积砂体;漂移期海相泥页岩则为良好的区域性盖层。东非陆上早期隆升和三角洲进积作用使鲁武马盆地形成重力滑动和盐底辟构造,渐新统—上新统内形成东非被动陆缘正断层带(EANFZ)和逆冲断层带(EATFZ),下伏中—下侏罗统烃源岩生成油气沿正断层和深水区逆冲断层向上运移,聚集于构造-岩性-地层、构造圈闭中,形成大气田。 相似文献
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《海相油气地质》2015,(3)
以石油地质理论为基础,应用含油气系统评价方法,分析了俄罗斯东萨哈林—鄂霍茨克盆地的构造沉积演化特征和油气地质条件。盆地主要经历了裂谷期、转换拉伸期和反转期三个构造演化阶段。转换拉伸期形成了上渐新统达耶组—胡林组泥页岩、下中新统威宁组—达吉组煤系地层和中—上中新统奥科贝凯组—努托瓦组下段泥页岩等3套海相优质烃源岩,同时发育了钻井已证实的3套有利储盖组合。储层以海相三角洲砂岩为主,储集物性好。反转期构造运动使得盆地发育了构造、构造-地层等多种类型的圈闭。盆地生储盖组合和油气的生成、运移、聚集形成了较好的匹配格局,成藏条件优越。目前已发现的油气田主要分布在盆地西部地区,指出盆地东部海上的奥道普金凸起、南奥道普金凸起、柴沃坳陷内凸起带以及陆上的奥哈凸起、塔姆列夫凸起为盆地的有利勘探方向。 相似文献
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黔中隆起及其周缘地区下古生界油气勘探前景与方向 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
黔中隆起位于上扬子板块东南缘,经历了前震旦纪基底形成、早震旦世裂谷、晚震旦世—志留纪被动大陆边缘、泥盆纪—中三叠世陆内裂谷与克拉通盆地和晚三叠世—第三纪陆内盆地5大演化阶段。该区具有较好的成油气地质条件;发育上震旦统陡山沱组泥页岩和下寒武统牛蹄塘组泥页岩两套区域烃源岩及下奥陶统湄潭组和下志留统龙马溪组局部泥页岩烃源岩,具有很强的生烃潜力;发育上震旦统灯影组白云岩、寒武系金顶山组碎屑岩、高台组—娄山关组碳酸盐岩和下奥陶统—下志留统储层;而牛蹄塘组泥岩和娄山关组膏盐白云岩与上二叠统龙潭组含煤泥岩是该区区域性盖层,湄潭组、龙马溪组为局部盖层;该区保存条件复杂,燕山、喜山构造运动对早期油气藏的改造和破坏较大,是该区油气成藏的主要控制因素,也是该区油气勘探的主要风险所在。研究认为该区油气勘探潜力较大,而安顺凹陷、三塘—百兴凹陷和黔西凹陷整体油气保存条件较好,为最有利天然气勘探区带。 相似文献
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"源热共控论":来自南海海域油气田"外油内气"环带有序分布的新认识 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
南海海域新生代经历印支—南海地台裂谷期、陆间裂谷期和区域沉降阶段,形成大陆架、大陆坡和洋壳区三大区域构造单元。围绕洋壳区,大陆坡和大陆架呈准环带状分布格局。沉积盆地主要分布在大陆架和大陆坡上,亦环绕中央洋壳区呈环带状分布。南海油气勘探活动于20世纪60年代末期开始,截至目前已发现数百个油气田,这些油气田主要分布在南部、北部和西部等大陆边缘。油气田分布主要呈大陆架或其近陆部分以油田为主、大陆坡（也包括邻近大陆架部分区域）以气田为主的“外油内气”特征。油环区凹陷烃源岩以中深湖相泥岩或深海相泥岩为主,沉积有机质以Ⅰ、Ⅱ1型干酪根为主,地壳相对较厚、热流值相对较低、烃源岩主要处在生油窗以内,烃类产物主要是原油。气环区生烃凹陷烃源岩以海陆过渡相泥岩和海相烃源岩为主,沉积有机质主要是Ⅱ2—Ⅲ型干酪根,地壳厚度相对较薄,热流值高,具“超热盆”特征,烃源岩以生气为主。油环区主力储层是砂岩,形成于湖相到浅海环境,存在多套储盖组合。气环区内带存在浅水沉积和深水沉积两套储盖组合,以深水扇和生物礁储层为主,盖层主要为海相泥岩。以300 m水深为界,油环带主要位于浅水区,勘探程度较高;内带气环主要位于陆架下部及陆坡区,勘探程度较低。南海海域勘探领域正在由浅水区向深水区发展。南海油气资源丰富,有望成为我国新的大油气区。 相似文献
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深水浊积砂岩油气藏是当今世界油气勘探的热点领域。基于地震、钻井、地球化学等资料,系统分析了西非北段科特迪瓦盆地深水浊积砂岩油气成藏的差异性。研究表明,科特迪瓦盆地经历了裂陷期（早白垩世）和漂移期（晚白垩世—现今）两大构造演化阶段,漂移期发育塞诺曼—土伦阶优质海相烃源岩,裂陷期发育阿普特—阿尔布阶湖相烃源岩。漂移期层系为盆地的主力勘探层系,发育两种类型的浊积砂岩油气藏。塞诺曼—土伦阶浊积砂岩油气藏为典型的“砂体运移、自生自储、源内成藏”的油气成藏模式,其油气主要来源于塞诺曼—土伦阶烃源岩,广泛分布的浊积砂岩是油气运移的主要路径,烃源岩的生、排烃期决定了油气成藏时期,是否发育有效烃源岩是该类油气藏成藏的主控因素。圣通—马斯特里赫特阶浊积砂岩油气藏为典型的“断裂运移、下生上储、源外成藏”的油气成藏模式,其油气主要来源于深部裂陷期阿普特—阿尔布阶湖相烃源岩,断裂是油气运移的主要路径,断裂的活动控制了油气的运移和成藏时期,是否发育油源断裂是该类油气藏成藏的主控因素。 相似文献
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为揭示东北地区侏罗系火山—沉积序列与储盖组合等地质特征,进一步评价深层油气勘探潜力,本文基于勘探现状,利用露头调查、钻测井对比、岩芯观察、结合地震解释等方法,分析了东北地区侏罗纪盆地构造背景,认为早—中侏罗世和晚侏罗世具有不同的构造环境和盆地性质。早—中侏罗世为受控于蒙古-额霍茨克造山作用的挤压型断陷-坳陷盆地,受到了后期构造的强烈改造。晚侏罗世为陆内伸展环境下与火山活动相关的火山断陷盆地。东北地区晚侏罗世火山活动频繁,形成广泛分布的火山—沉积序列。海拉尔盆地晚侏罗世塔木兰沟组发育典型火山—沉积序列,以火山岩与沉积岩的互层为特征,表现为砂泥岩—中酸性火山岩—砂泥岩—中基性火山岩序列。岩石组合在不同凹陷单元差异性较大,中部凹陷带以火山岩和砂泥岩为主,外围凹陷以火山岩和砂砾岩为主。火山—沉积序列的岩性复杂,储层岩石类型多样,主要有"火山岩、火山碎屑岩、砂砾岩"3类岩性储层,储层物性普遍较低,总体属于中低孔极低渗储层-致密储层。依据火山—沉积序列的不同岩石组合及油气显示情况,可识别出砂泥岩或砂灰泥岩储盖组合、火山岩内幕储盖组合、火山岩-沉积岩复合岩类储盖组合、基岩风化壳储盖组合等四大类九小类油气储盖组合。最有利储盖组合是与烃源岩毗邻的砂泥岩储盖组合,其次是火山爆发相-喷发相的火山碎屑角砾岩、凝灰岩与火山岩的储盖组合。火山—沉积序列发育中等较好的暗色泥岩烃源岩,有一定的生烃潜力,油气成藏条件较好。围绕中部凹陷带的红旗凹陷、乌尔逊北凹陷烃源岩分布区的最有利储盖组合,是侏罗系深层火山—沉积序列的主要勘探领域。通过该研究,可以为其他地区火山—沉积序列的油气勘探提供一定的启示和借鉴意义。 相似文献
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《China Geology》2020,3(4):623-632
North Carnarvon Basin is a gas province with minor oily sweet spots in deepwater area with water depth more than 500 m, which is one of the hot spots of global petroleum exploration for its series of giant hydrocarbon discoveries in recent years. However, the degree of oil and gas exploration in deepwater area is still low, and the conditions for oil and gas accumulation are not clear. Based on the current exploration situation and latest database of fields, applying multidisciplinary analysis of hydrocarbon geology, hydrocarbon accumulation elements and its exploration direction of North Carnarvon Basin in deepwater area are analyzed. The results show that there are three sets of main source rocks in deepwater area of North Carnarvon Basin, which are Triassic marine shale in Locker Formation and delta coal-bearing mudstone with thin carbonaceous mudstone in Mungaroo Formation, Lower –Middle Jurassic paralic carbargilite and coal measure strata in Athol Formation and Murat Formation, Cretaceous delta mudstone in Barrow Group and marine shale in Muderong Formation. Most source rock samples show gas-prone capability. The coarse sandstone of delta facies in Middle–Upper Triassic Mungaroo Formation is the most important reservoir in deepwater area, Lower Cretaceous Barrow Group deep-water gravity flow or underwater fan turbidite sandstone is the secondly main reservoir. Lower Cretaceous marine shale in Muderong Formation is most important regional caprock. Triassic mudstone in Mungaroo Formation is an important interlayer caprock in deepwater area. There are two main reservoir accumulation assemblages in deepwater area, one is Triassic structural-unconformity plane reservoir accumulation assemblage of Locker Formation to Mungaroo Formation, and the other is Lower–Middle Jurassic Athol Formation and Murat Formation–Lower Cretaceous stratigraphic lithology-structural reservoir accumulation assemblage of Barrow Group to Muderong Formation. There are three main control factors of hydrocarbon Accumulation: One is coupling of source and seal control hydrocarbon distribution area, the second is multi-stage large wave dominated deltas dominate accumulation zone, the third is direction of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in hydrocarbon-rich generation depression was controlled by overpressure. The south of Exmouth platform in deepwater area is adjacent to hydrocarbon rich depression zone, reservoir assemblage is characterized by “near source rocks, excellent reservoir facies, high position and excellent caprocks ”, which is the main battlefield of deepwater oil and gas exploration in North Carnarvon Basin at present. There are a lot of fault block traps in the northern structural belt of Exmouth platform, and the favorable sedimentary facies belt at the far end of delta plain in Mungaroo Formation is widely distributed, which is the next favorable exploration zone. The Lower Cretaceous, which is located at the concave edge uplift adjacent to the investigator depression and the Exmouth platform, also has a certain exploration prospect in northwest of deepwater area. 相似文献
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ZHU Guangyou CUI Jie SU Jin YANG Haijun ZHANG Bin HU Jianfeng ZHU Yongfeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2012,86(1):209-225
Silurian sandstone in Tarim Basin has good reservoir properties and active oil and gas shows, especially thick widely-distributed bituminous sandstone. Currently, the Silurian was found containing both bitumen and conventional reservoirs, with petroleum originating from terrestrial and marine source rocks. The diversity of their distribution was the result of "three sources, three stages" accumulation and adjustment processes. "Three sources" refers to two sets of marine rocks in Cambrian and Middle-Upper Ordovician, and a set of terrestrial rock formed in Triassic in the Kuqa depression. "Three stages" represents three stages of accumulation, adjustment and reformation occurring in Late Caledonian, Late Hercynian and Late Himalayan, respectively. The study suggests that the Silurian bitumen is remnants of oil generated from Cambrian and Ordovician source rocks and accumulated in the sandstone reservoir during Late Caledonian-Early Hercynian and Late Hercynian stages, and then damaged by the subsequent two stages of tectonic uplift movements in Early Hercynian and Pre-Triassic. The authors presumed that the primary paleo-reservoirs formed during these two stages might be preserved in the Silurian in the southern deep part of the Tabei area. Except for the Yingmaili area where the Triassic terrestrial oil was from the Kuqa Depression during Late Himalayan Stage, all movable oil reservoirs originated from marine sources. They were secondary accumulations from underlying Ordovician after structure reverse during the Yanshan-Himalayan stage. Oil/gas shows mixed-source characteristics, and was mainly from Middle-Upper Ordovician. The complexity and diversity of the Silurian marine primary properties were just defined by these three stages of oil-gas charging and tectonic movements in the Tabei area. 相似文献
14.
江汉盆地海相探区中寒武统盐下层勘探潜力浅析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
江汉海相探区内中寒武统覃家庙组膏盐岩盐下层系中发育有两套良好的生储盖组合.对盐下层系生、储、盖特点和分布规律的分析表明,上震旦统陡山沱组及下寒武统水井沱组发育页岩烃源岩,上震旦统灯影组碳酸盐岩和下寒武统石龙洞组碳酸盐岩有良好的储集条件,而覃家庙组的膏盐岩和下寒武统石牌组-天河组泥质岩又为盐下的油气聚集提供了区域性盖层条... 相似文献
15.
塔里木盆地古生界不同成因斜坡带特征与油气成藏组合 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
塔里木盆地古隆起和古斜坡控制油气富集已为勘探实践所证实。古生界广泛分布的斜坡带按其成因特点可分为3类:即地层形成期的沉积建造斜坡、构造变革改造期的侵蚀地貌斜坡和构造抬升翘倾作用形成的构造斜坡。不同类型的斜坡带发育了不同的油气成藏组合:沉积建造斜坡带发育了以礁滩体为主要储层、致密碳酸盐岩或上奥陶统泥岩为主要盖层的成藏组合;岩溶斜坡带发育了不同层系岩溶储层(中、下奥陶统岩溶储层、上奥陶统岩溶储层和寒武系白云岩储层)与不同层系泥岩盖层(上奥陶统泥岩盖层、志留系泥岩盖层和石炭系下泥岩段盖层)构成的成藏组合;地层超覆斜坡带在志留系和上泥盆统—石炭系形成了以地层超覆圈闭为主、构造-地层(或岩性)圈闭为辅、泥岩段为盖层的成藏组合。 相似文献
16.
南美厄瓜多尔Oriente盆地斜坡带发育的白垩系Napo组高伽马特征的UT海绿石砂岩段是成熟探区新发现的隐蔽含油层段。本文分析了海绿石砂岩储层的矿物组成、孔隙结构、成岩作用、物性特点,并结合烃源岩评价与石油空间分布探讨海绿石砂岩油藏的成藏特征。海绿石粘土矿物以颗粒形式存在,与石英共同构成海绿石砂岩的颗粒组分,海绿石砂岩的孔隙结构具有双峰特征,束缚水含量高,属于中-低孔、中-低渗储层类型,孔隙类型主要是剩余粒间孔。海绿石砂岩储层中石英次生加大属Ⅱ级,长石碎屑颗粒发生溶蚀作用,含铁碳酸盐类胶结物发育,结合泥岩低的I/S混层比和高的最高峰温值Tmax,指示海绿石砂岩层段属于中成岩阶段A期的产物。与海绿石砂岩油藏紧邻的大面积分布的Ⅱ1腐泥型成熟烃源岩就是缓翼斜坡带的生烃中心,大面积连续发育的海绿石砂岩与之构成优越的源储组合,有利于上生下储式成藏。海绿石砂岩油藏表现为近源性、成藏晚期性等特点,规模发育的海绿石砂岩储层得以成藏的主要运聚机制是体积流和扩散流运聚机制。这对盆地其它油区同类油藏的发现具有重要的借鉴意义。 相似文献
17.
Kim Senger Thomas Birchall Peter Betlem Kei Ogata Sverre Ohm Snorre Olaussen Renate S.Paulsen 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(6):411-427
Marine controlled source electromagnetic(CSEM)data have been utilized in the past decade during petroleum exploration of the Barents Shelf,particularly for de-risking the highly porous sandstone reservoirs of the Upper Triassic to Middle Jurassic Realgrunnen Subgroup.In this contribution we compare the resistivity response from CSEM data to resistivity from wireline logs in both water-and hydrocarbon-bearing wells.We show that there is a very good match between these types of data,particularly when reservoirs are shallow.CSEM data,however,only provide information on the subsurface resistivity.Careful,geology-driven interpretation of CSEM data is required to maximize the impact on exploration success.This is particularly important when quantifying the relative re-sistivity contribution of high-saturation hydrocarbon-bearing sandstone and that of the overlying cap rock.In the presented case the cap rock comprises predominantly organic rich Upper Jurassic-Early Cretaceous shales of the Hekkingen Formation(i.e.a regional source rock).The resistivity response of the reservoir and its cap rock become merged in CSEM data due to the transverse resistance equivalence principle.As a result of this,it is imperative to understand both the relative contributions from reservoir and cap rock,and the geological sig-nificance of any lateral resistivity variation in each of the units.In this contribution,we quantify the resistivity of organic rich mudstone,i.e.source rock,and reservoir sandstones,using 131 exploration boreholes from the Barents Shelf.The highest resistivity(＞10,000 Ωm)is evident in the hydrocarbon-bearing Realgrunnen Subgroup which is reported from 48 boreholes,43 of which are used for this study.Pay zone resistivity is primarily controlled by reservoir quality(i.e.porosity and shale fraction)and fluid phase(i.e.gas,oil and water saturation).In the investigated wells,the shale dominated Hekkingen Formation exhibits enhanced resistivity compared to the background(i.e.the underlying and overlying stratigraphy),though rarely exceeds 20Ωm.Marine mudstones typically show good correlation between measured organic richness and resistivity/sonic velocity log signatures.We conclude that the resistivity contribution to the CSEM response from hydrocarbon-bearing sandstones out-weighs that of the organic rich cap rocks. 相似文献
18.
阿尔金西段侏罗系由中、下侏罗统大煤沟组和上侏罗统采石岭组组成,出露于格斯沟至黑水沟一带以及祁曼塔格西北缘,呈NEE方向展布。钻井和地震资料表明,阿尔金西段侏罗系在盆地内部新生界覆盖之下也有大面积分布。大煤沟组是以冲积扇-河流-滨湖相沉积为主的含煤建造,暗色泥岩发育;采石岭组是以洪-冲积扇相沉积为特征的碎屑岩建造。其沉积特征与柴达木盆地北缘、西部以及塔里木盆地极为相似,表明侏罗系沉积时柴达木盆地与塔里木盆地是连通的,属于同一侏罗纪原型盆地,此时阿尔金断裂并不存在。直至渐新世伴随阿尔金断裂的大规模走滑,阿尔金山快速隆升,才分割为两个盆地。有机质化学分析表明大煤沟组中暗色泥岩有机质丰度高,为中等-好的烃源岩,干酪根类型为II2-III型,热演化处于成熟-高熟阶段,具有生油潜力。此外该区域生储盖匹配良好,圈闭发育,具有较好的石油地质条件和油气勘探前景。 相似文献
19.
以广泛收集的数据资料为依据,运用含油气盆地理论方法,总结南苏门达腊盆地构造沉积演化和油气地质特征,探讨油气分布规律,分析其勘探潜力。结果显示,南苏门达腊盆地是新生代弧后裂谷盆地,经历了裂前、裂谷、过渡、坳陷和反转等5个演化阶段。主力烃源岩为过渡期沉积的炭质页岩和煤层,储集层主要为上渐新统砂岩、下中新统灰岩和裂缝基底。油气总体呈现"深层气、中层油和气、浅层油"的分布特征,主要富集于构造及构造复合相关圈闭中。断裂、储层发育有利相带和凹中隆是控制油气分布的主要因素。盆地油气成藏条件良好,具有较好的勘探潜力。生烃灶周边断裂发育的斜坡、古隆起是有利的勘探区,凹陷内的岩性、地层圈闭也是有利的勘探目标,应加大对此类圈闭的研究和勘探力度。 相似文献