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鄂尔多斯沙漠高原白垩系地下水水化学演化的多元统计分析 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
结合稳定同位素( D、18O、13C) ,应用聚类分析和因子分析两种多元统计分析方法,对鄂尔多斯沙漠高原白垩系含水层地下水水化学演化特征进行研究。结果表明: 研究区环河组和洛河组地下水均可分为3 大类,且大致在地下水补给区、径流区和排泄区分别聚类,每一类的水化学特征和同位素特征均存在一定的差异; 研究区地下水均起源于大气降水,发生了岩盐溶滤、碳酸盐矿物溶解、硫酸盐矿物溶解、硅酸盐矿物溶解和阳离子交换等水文地球化学作用。相对洛河组地下水,环河组地下水水化学演化特征还受到了大气降水稀释作用和酸碱演化的影响。 相似文献
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本文从水文地球化学综合分析方法出发,并利用灰色关联度分析方法和稳定同位素分析方法,分析最具有渗漏可能性的Ｚ４１孔、ＵＰ８孔两地的水温、水化学、同位素等信息与库水、帷幕后（帷幕下游）岩溶水的贴近程度,确定其地下水补给的主要来源,以判断灌浆帷幕是否存在渗漏 相似文献
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水化学—稳定同位素技术在岩溶水文地质研究中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
水化学—稳定同位素技术在岩溶水系统分析中得到了广泛的应用，尤其是在指示岩溶水文地球化学过程、识别岩溶水补给循环途径、溶质溯源及岩溶水污染监测防控等方面显示了独特的优势，产生了丰富的成果。本文着重阐述了环境稳定同位素δD、δ18O、87Sr/86Sr的工作原理，及水化学—稳定同位素技术在岩溶水文地质研究中的应用。此外，论文还以娘子关泉域和北京西山岩溶水系统为例，介绍了运用水化学—稳定同位素技术分析岩溶水系统补给的思路和方法，展望了该技术在岩溶水文地质和岩溶生态环境领域中的应用前景。 相似文献
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柳江盆地地表水与地下水转化关系的氢氧稳定同位素和水化学证据 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《地球科学进展》2017,(8)
地表水与地下水相互作用是水循环研究的重要组成部分,是研究区域水资源量的基础。通过实地水文地质调查和采样,在对水体氢氧稳定同位素和水化学组成测定的基础上,分析了盆地内枯水期河水和地下水的水化学和氢氧同位素组成特征及空间变化规律,旨在揭示河水与地下水的相互转化关系。研究表明:盆地内地下水主要为HCO3-Ca和HCO3-Ca·Mg类型低矿化度水,各区域地下水具有统一联系性,经历了相同或相似的水化学形成作用;河水水化学类型与地下水相同,且水化学成分来源一致。地下水和河水氢氧同位素组成相接近,最终来源主要为大气降水补给。其中河水在径流过程中受蒸发浓缩作用影响,重同位素略富集。受地形地貌、地质及水文地质条件影响,盆地内地下水与河水之间的补给—排泄相互作用关系具有明显的分段性,相互转化频繁。大石河上游区域和东宫河流域总体上表现为河水受两侧地下水补给;大石河下游区域,表现为河水补给两侧地下水。 相似文献
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以某矿区地下水系统为例,对该矿区地下水水化学资料进行了多元统计分析方法耦合应用研究,主要包括利用因子分析对存在相关关系的离子变量进行空间降维处理,找出能够反映众多离子信息的基础变量(正交因子),以其作为系统聚类变量;运用系统聚类法获取能代表各地下水子系统水化学特征的典型水样;使用贝叶斯逐步线性判别分析建立地下水各子系统水化学判别模型(判别函数),并对随机检验样品进行判别归属和判别模型统计检验。结果表明:这是一种稳定性较好且切实有效的、适用于矿区地下水系统水化学分类及水源水化学判别的方法。 相似文献
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农业活动对岩溶作用碳汇的影响:以重庆青木关地下河流域为例 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以受农业活动影响强烈的重庆青木关地下河流域为研究对象,利用CTDP300多参数水质自动记录仪、WGZ-1型光电数字水位计、HOBO小型气象站在线自动监测电导率、水位以及降雨等数据,并获取流域耕地面积数据,于2010年分月采集地下水样,分析常规水化学和地下水溶解无机碳δ13C,初步探讨流域农业活动对岩溶作用过程和碳汇的影响,发现农业活动对岩溶作用过程产生明显的影响,进而影响到岩溶地质碳汇。地下水水化学以及地下水δ13CDIC值证实了流域地下水DIC是碳酸、硝酸和硫酸共同溶蚀碳酸盐岩的产物;每月碳酸溶蚀碳酸盐岩产生DIC占地下水中总DIC的比例在55.53%～81.25%之间,雨季(62.98%)普遍低于旱季(74.86%);碳酸溶蚀碳酸盐岩产生的DIC的量为14.67×106mol/a,其中岩溶作用产生的净CO2汇量为7.335×106mol/a,而硝酸和硫酸溶蚀碳酸盐岩产生的DIC总量为7.48×106mol/a,约占地下水中总DIC的33.8%,单位面积耕地上硝酸和硫酸溶蚀碳酸盐岩产生DIC的强度为1.89×106mol/(km2.a)。人类活动引入的硝酸和硫酸参与碳酸盐岩的溶解并改变了区域碳循环。 相似文献
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以康定老榆林地区地热系统为研究对象,利用TOUGH-Isotope程序进行水-热-同位素耦合数值模拟,并鉴于研究区大气降水氢氧同位素季节性明显、地震活动活跃,探讨了补给水同位素特征、热储层渗透性变化对地热系统氢氧同位素迁移过程的影响.研究结果表明氢氧同位素模拟值与研究区ZK3钻孔流出水测试值基本拟合,高温地热系统的对流-弥散作用对氢氧同位素迁移过程影响明显;研究区地热水循环条件较好,水-岩作用程度较低,导致氧同位素重化现象不明显;补给水同位素特征、热储层渗透性两个因素对地热水循环过程中的氢氧同位素分布具有明显的影响.开展地热系统流体氢氧同位素迁移过程研究,有助于提高对地热系统动态演化的定量化认识,为地热开发提供支持. 相似文献
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通过野外采样和室内分析,采用稳定氢氧同位素和水化学相结合的方法,研究了第二松花江地表水和地下水的相互关系。地表水和地下水中稳定氢氧同位素（δD,δ18O）空间差异明显,上游水体中同位素最贫化,下游最富集。水化学类型从长白山源区的Na-HCO3型,演化成Ca-Mg-HCO3型;而在人类活动的影响下,向Ca（Mg）-Cl（SO4）演化。运用端元法定量计算了地表水与地下水的相互转换比例,上游山区深层地下水接受江水和浅层地下水的补给,浅层地下水补给比例占50%左右;下游平原区浅层地下水补给江水,补给比例占20%左右。研究结果可为综合利用地表水和地下水、促进水资源的可持续利用提供理论基础。 相似文献
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Azzurra Lentini Claus Kohfahl Jose Benavente José Luis García-Aróstegui Inaki Vadillo Hanno Meyer Asaf Pekdeger 《Environmental Geology》2009,58(8):1785-1795
This study reports the impact of hydrological conditions on salinisation and nitrate concentrations of a coastal aquifer located at the Mediterranean Sea, southern Spain. Eighty-two samples of ground- and surface water taken during two extreme hydrological events between 1994 and 1996 at 25 different wells were evaluated with regard to hydrochemistry, focusing on nitrate concentrations and salinisation, which constitute the main hazard of this aquifer. Furthermore, hydrochemical data were analysed by principal component analysis (PCA). Additionally, in 2007 13 ground- and surface water samples taken at 12 different locations were analysed for stable isotopes of D/18O, and one sample was analysed for 15N. Since 1993 until present saltwater intrusion was observed only during dry hydrological conditions in 1994; it showed an irregular salinisation pattern probably related to locally elevated hydraulic conductivities. Nitrate concentrations increase significantly during wet hydrologic conditions owing to uptake of nitrate by rising groundwater. Stable isotopes of groundwater reveal an Atlantic origin of the precipitation that recharges the aquifer and a minor amount of groundwater recharge by the water coming from the La Viñuela reservoir, which is used for irrigation over the aquifer. 15N isotopes point to a considerable input of nitrates derived from organic fertilisers. 相似文献
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Samir Kamel 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,63(1):189-199
The hydrodynamic groundwater data and stable isotopes of water have been used jointly for better understanding of upward leakage
and mixing processes in the Djerid aquifer system (southwestern Tunisia). The aquifer system is composed of the upper unconfined
Plio-Quaternary (PQ) aquifer, the intermediate (semi-)confined Complex Terminal (CT) aquifer and the deeper confined Continental
Intercalaire (CI) aquifer. A total of 41 groundwater samples from the CT and PQ aquifers were collected during June 2001.
The stable isotope composition of waters establishes that the CT deep groundwater (depleted as compared to present Nefta local
rainfall) is ancient water recharged during late Quaternary time. The relatively recent water in the shallow PQ aquifer is
composed of mixed water resulting from upward leakage and sporadic meteoric recharge. In order to characterize the meteoric
input signal for PQ in the study area, rainfall water samples were collected during 4 years (2000–2003) at the Nefta meteorological
station. Weighted mean values of isotopic contents with respect to rainfall amounts have been computed. Despite the short
collection period in the study area, results agree with those found in Beni Abbes (southwestern Algerian Sahara) by Fontes
on 9 years of rainfall surveillance. Stable isotopic relationships provide clear evidence of shallow PQ aquifer replenishment
by deep CT groundwater. The 18O/upward leakage rate allowed the identification of distinctive PQ waters related to CT aquifer configuration (confined in
the western part of the study area, semi-permeable in the eastern part). These trends were confirmed by the relation 18O/TDS. The isotope balance model indicated a contribution of up to 75% of the deep CT groundwater to the upper PQ aquifer
in the western study area, between Nefta and Hazoua. 相似文献
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聊城市东部岩溶地热田地下热水水化学特征及成因分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
通过对聊城市东部岩溶地热田的地下热水的化学成分、同位素及其水文地质特征的分析,对这一地区的地下热水的形成和演化过程进行了研究。结果显示地下热水的形成受区内深大断裂和基底构造的控制。本区地下热水的形成是在漫长的地质历史发展过程中各种自然因素综合作用的结果。δD和δ18O的关系及氚（T）值和水化学特征系数说明地下热水为近代大气降水入渗起源的中度或高度变质水,以40年前的古水占优势,新近入渗水的补给量较小。水化学成分的形成以溶滤、溶解作用为主,微量元素成分丰富,反映了地下水经过了漫长和复杂的径流及深循环过程。 相似文献
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小昌马河流域地表水地下水同位素与水化学特征及转化关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用小昌马河流域上游大雪山老虎沟冰雪融水及下游昌马洪积扇区地下水的稳定同位素和水化学资料, 对流域稳定同位素和水化学的组分特征和季节变化进行了分析. 结果表明: 小昌马河流域内从上游冰雪融水区到下游昌马洪积扇地下水排泄区矿化度不断增高, 水化学类型由HCO3-Mg-Ca过渡到HCO3-SO4-Ca-Mg; 上游冰雪融水与下游地下水δ18O的季节变化基本一致, 洪积扇区地下水来源于冰雪融水的补给. 水文地球化学模型模拟显示地下水形成过程中水岩作用以析出方解石, 吸收二氧化碳, 溶解石膏、 岩盐和绿泥石等为主要特征, 溶蚀的含盐矿物使地下水中氯化物、 硫酸根和钠离子含量升高, 地下水水质恶化. 同位素和水化学证据均揭示了小昌马河流域地表水-地下水的化学环境转化关系. 相似文献
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Water leakage paths in the Doosti Dam,Turkmenistan and Iran 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
The Doosti Dam, with a reservoir capacity of 1,250 million cubic meters, was constructed on the Harirood River at the border
of Turkmenistan and Iran. The reservoir is in direct contact with permeable formations on the right abutment of the dam including
the Neyzar Sandstone, the Kalat Limestone and the Pesteleigh alternative layers of marlstone and sandstone. After the reservoir
impoundment, several new springs and seepages emerged from these formations and the alluvium. The amount of leakage increased
with the rise in reservoir water level. Fifteen kilograms of sodium fluorescein were injected into a 113-m deep borehole intersecting
three permeable sandstone layers of the Pesteleigh formation. Dye was detected downstream of the grout curtain in boreholes
and springs that were in direct contact with parts of the Pesteleigh formation having the same sandstone layers as the injection
borehole. The dye velocity was in the range of diffuse flow, confirming the good performance of the grout curtain in the Pesteleigh
formation. No dye was detected in the other formations because the injection borehole was not in direct contact with these
formations. The hydraulic relation of the other formations with the reservoir was determined by considering direct contact
of the formations with the reservoir, emergence of new springs and seepages after reservoir impoundment, correlation of time
variations of the springs discharge and the borehole’s water level with the reservoir water level, and in some cases the hydrochemistry
of the water. The results show that the Kalat and Neyzar formations are hydraulically connected to the reservoir, but the
small amounts of leakage from these formations at a hydraulic gradient of 24% indicates good performance of the built grout
curtain. The total reservoir leakage at maximum reservoir water level was 100 l/s which is insignificant compared with the
15 m3/s average annual release of the reservoir. 相似文献
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Ellen E. Martin Susanna W. Blair George D. Kamenov Howie D. Scher Elodie Bourbon Chandranath Basak Derrick N. Newkirk 《Chemical Geology》2010,269(3-4):414-431
Nd isotopes preserved in fossil fish teeth and ferromanganese crusts have become a common tool for tracking variations in water mass composition and circulation through time. Studies of Nd isotopes extracted from Pleistocene to Holocene bulk sediments using hydroxylamine hydrochloride (HH) solution yield high resolution records of Nd isotopes that can be interpreted in terms of deep water circulation, but concerns about diagenesis and potential contamination of the seawater signal limit application of this technique to geologically young samples.In this study we demonstrate that Nd extracted from the > 63 μm, decarbonated fraction of older Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) sediments using a 0.02 M HH solution produces Nd isotopic ratios that are within error of values from cleaned fossil fish teeth collected from the same samples, indicating that the HH-extractions are robust recorders of deep sea Nd isotopes. This excellent correlation was achieved for 94 paired fish teeth and HH-extraction samples ranging in age from the Miocene to Cretaceous, distributed throughout the north, tropical and south Atlantic, and composed of a range of lithologies including carbonate-rich oozes/chalks and black shales. The strong Nd signal recovered from Cretaceous anoxic black shale sequences is unlikely to be associated with ferromanganese oxide coatings, but may be derived from abundant phosphatic fish teeth and debris or organic matter in these samples.In contrast to the deep water Nd isotopic signal, Sr isotopes from HH-extractions are often offset from seawater values, suggesting that evaluation of Sr isotopes is a conservative test for the integrity of Nd isotopes in the HH fraction. However, rare earth elements (REE) from the HH-extractions and fish teeth produce distinctive middle REE bulge patterns that may prove useful for evaluating whether the Nd isotopic signal represents uncontaminated seawater. Alternatively, a few paired HH-extraction and cleaned fish teeth samples from each site of interest can be used to verify the seawater composition of the HH-extractions. The similarity between isotopic values for the HH-extraction and fish teeth illustrates that the extensive cleaning protocol applied to fish teeth samples is not necessary in typical, carbonate-rich, deep sea sediments. 相似文献