共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Zhongchang Wang Xinping Guo Chuan Wang 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2018,36(6):3399-3409
To master the laws of strong strata behavior of Tashan coal mine under Carboniferous coal mining process, the laws of strong strata behavior in 8107 working face was measured and analyzed. It was shown that the average initial weighting step of 8107 working face was 59.4 m. The average periodic weighting step of main roof was 16.2 m. The maximum working resistance during periodic weighting was 14,711.1 kN. The maximum working resistance during non-periodic weighting was 11,339.9 kN. The average dynamic load factor K during periodic weighting was 1.31. The stress of coal column on the side of the goaf could be divided into four zones (stress stabilization zone, stress slow-increasing zone, significant—increasing stress zone, stress reduction zone) along the strike of 8107 working face. There was a peak of lateral support pressure along the trend of 8107 working face. And the peak position was biased to the side of return airway roadway. With the increase of the distance from the down-side of return airway, the pressure peak of the inner coal body along the strike of 8107 the working face increased and the peak position decreased from the coal wall. The peak stress of coal column tended to be close to the up-side of return airway. And the distance from the down-side of return airway for the peak of inner coal was larger than that for the peak of coal pillar. The peak position of abutment pressure of hard roof was in the range of 10–25 m in front of 8107 working face under full mechanized mining extra thickness coal seam conditions. The relative stress concentration coefficient of k was 1.3–6.5. The range of 10–25 m from the front of the working face to coal wall was stress reduction zone. And the influence range of abutment pressure was about 80 m. It was of great significance to the control and practice of the surrounding rock of the stope for the mining of the hard extra-thick coal seam. 相似文献
2.
Intensive strata behaviors are generated when the No. 8707 working face of the 8# coal seam in a coal mine is advanced by way of the pillars left over of the upper part of 7# close distance coal seam. The theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and filed measurement were utilized to obtain the rule of the stress change when the 8707 working face of the 8# coal seam passes the pillars left over of the 7# coal seam. Meanwhile, a pressure-relief mining (PRM) technology was put forward. According to the research results, when the 8707 working face in the 8# coal seam was advanced to the position that was 20 m in front of the pillar left over, the abutment pressure reached the maximum for 26 MPa and the stress concentration factor was 3.25, which was likely to give rise to the rock burst. With the advance of the working face, the abutment pressure was reduced slowly. As the 8707 working face advanced 15 m away the pillar left over, the transfixed shear failure region of 45° was found in the bedrocks of the upper and lower coal seams, which was readily to give rise to the shear rupture, leading to the rock burst. Based on the aforementioned research, this research carried out the PRM by applying the hydraulic fracturing technology on the coal roof and pillar, which can ensure the safety and efficient mining of working faces. 相似文献
3.
C型采场支承压力分布特征的数值模拟研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
冲击地压的发生与支承压力的分布有重要关系。为研究C型采场支承压力的动态变化规律,采用FLAC3D软件对孤岛工作面推进过程中煤体垂直应力场进行了数值模拟。通过对工作面推进过程中煤体支承压力的平面分布特征、走向支承压力和倾斜支承压力的动态演化特征进行分析,得到以下结论：① 煤体中垂直应力分布呈“C”形;② 孤岛工作面超前支承压力影响距离为正常工作面的3～5倍;③ 双工作面“见方”时,支承压力峰值达到最大值。工程实例验证了结论的可靠性,其结果可为现场冲击地压预测和防治提供依据。 相似文献
4.
Yushun Yang Dongming Zhang Xin Bai Han Yang 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2018,36(4):2087-2095
In this paper, based on the field test of No.S3012 working face of Shan Mushu Coal Mine in Sichuan Coal Group, monitoring the abutment pressure and gas drainage flow during the mining process, studying the change law of the abutment pressure and gas drainage flow of the coal seam, and using the numerical simulation method research on the evolution of abutment pressure and displacement of coal seam during the mining process. The results shown that: with the advance of coal mining face, the abutment pressure of coal seam can be divided into stress decreasing area, stress increasing area and original stress area, and the stress state of coal seam and the pore, crack structure and permeability of coal body are obviously changed. With the advance of the mining face, the abutment pressure in front and back of the coal mining face is the moving abutment pressure, and the coal mining face to be in the pressure relief area, the front abutment pressure peak value deep into the coal body 5–10 m, the influence scope reaches the front coal mining face to 90–100 m, this area is the stress increasing area. And the evolution law of the roof displacement of goaf is similar to the elliptical with the axial ratio changes, when the ratio is close to 1, the roof subsidence affected area is similar to the shape of “O”. 相似文献
5.
Numerical Investigation of the Dynamic Mechanical State of a Coal Pillar During Longwall Mining Panel Extraction 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Hongwei Wang Yaodong Jiang Yixin Zhao Jie Zhu Shuai Liu 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2013,46(5):1211-1221
This study presents a numerical investigation on the dynamic mechanical state of a coal pillar and the assessment of the coal bump risk during extraction using the longwall mining method. The present research indicates that there is an intact core, even when the peak pillar strength has been exceeded under uniaxial compression. This central portion of the coal pillar plays a significant role in its loading capacity. In this study, the intact core of the coal pillar is defined as an elastic core. Based on the geological conditions of a typical longwall panel from the Tangshan coal mine in the City of Tangshan, China, a numerical fast Lagrangian analysis of continua in three dimensions (FLAC3D) model was created to understand the relationship between the volume of the elastic core in a coal pillar and the vertical stress, which is considered to be an important precursor to the development of a coal bump. The numerical results suggest that, the wider the coal pillar, the greater the volume of the elastic core. Therefore, a coal pillar with large width may form a large elastic core as the panel is mined, and the vertical stress is expected to be greater in magnitude. Because of the high stresses and the associated stored elastic energy, the risk of coal bumps in a coal pillar with large width is greater than for a coal pillar with small width. The results of the model also predict that the peak abutment stress occurs near the intersection between the mining face and the roadways at a distance of 7.5 m from the mining face. It is revealed that the bump-prone zones around the longwall panel are within 7–10 m ahead of the mining face and near the edge of the roadway during panel extraction. 相似文献
6.
断层对顶板稳定性影响相似模拟试验研究 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12
通过相似模拟试验方法分析了不同倾向高角度正断层, 在采动影响下顶板岩体变形破坏和矿压分布规律。结果表明, 在采动影响下断层“活化”,断层带及其影响范围内的岩体破碎, 表现为周期断裂步距小, 冒落带高, 尤其是断层下盘, 顶板稳定性差; 当工作面开采到离断层面22.5~ 30 m时, 直到断层位置的前方煤体中支承压力增大, 煤体被压碎, 且随着距断层面距离的缩小, 支承压力的峰值位置向工作面前方转移; 通过断层后, 顶板岩体中支承压力减小, 比无断层存在的情况要低。 相似文献
7.
8.
不同岩性顶板回采工作面矿压分布规律 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用数值模拟技术和现场矿压观测系统,研究了不同岩性顶板回采工作面矿压分布规律及其显现特征。结果表明,在煤炭开采过程中,不同岩性顶板回采工作面最大支承应力存在一定差异,在强度较高的砂岩顶板岩体中,支承压力大,工作面前方支承压力峰值距工作面距离小,初次来压步距和周期来压步距大,矿压显现强烈;而在强度较低的泥岩顶板区,顶板岩体不能和砂岩骨架层一样抵抗覆岩压力,且支承压力小,支承压力的峰值向回采工作面前方岩体内部推移,初次来压步距和周期来压步距小,矿压显现不明显。 相似文献
9.
Some villages and bridges are located on the ground surface of the working district no. 7 in the Wanglou Coal Mine. If longwall mining is adopted, the maximum deformation of the ground surface will exceed the safety value. Strip mining is employed for the working district no. 7 which is widely used to reduce surface subsidence and the consequent damage of buildings on the ground surface. To ensure the safety of coal pillars and improve the recovery coefficient, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation (FLAC 3D) were adopted to determine the coal pillar and mining widths and to discuss the coal pillar stress distribution and surface subsidence for different mining scenarios. The results revealed that the width of coal pillars should be larger than 162 m, and the optimized mining width varies from 150 to 260 m. As the coal seam is exploited, vertical stress is mainly applied on the coal pillar, inducing stress changes on its ribs. The coefficient of mining-induced stress varies from 2.02 to 2.62 for different mining scenarios. The maximum surface subsidence and horizontal movement increase as the mining width increases. However, when the mining width increases to a certain value, increasing the pillar width cannot significantly decrease the maximum subsidence. To ensure the surface subsidence less than 500 mm, the mining width should not be larger than 200 m. Considering the recovery coefficient and safety of the coal pillar, a pillar width of 165 m is suggested. 相似文献
10.
煤岩界面的高精度探测是构建智能开采三维地质模型的关键难点。提出利用煤矿井下顺层孔实施单孔反射雷达,联合多孔探测结果构建区域煤岩界面地质模型实现透明工作面的方法。对单孔雷达数据,利用巷道波同相轴斜率计算煤层雷达波速度,采用空间约束偏移成像实现煤层顶/底板反射界面精准归位。形成3种匹配实际开采的透明工作面构建模式:回采前长钻孔模式、回采中短钻孔模式和联合模式。在山西某矿31004工作面对回采中短钻孔模式进行试验性应用,基于钻孔雷达构建的工作面地质模型与原始地质模型相比,局部信息刻画更精细,顶、底界面及煤厚与实际数据误差分别小于0.57、0.54、0.30 m。结果表明:钻孔雷达能高精度探测煤厚与顶、底界面,可实现透明工作面的构建。 相似文献
11.
智能开采对于地质条件的不适应问题非常突出,特别是对煤层起伏和厚度的绝对精度提出了更高的要求。三维地震勘探横向分辨率高,能够对煤层起伏进行控制,但在地震解释时,煤层底板高程受时深转换计算影响,存在一定的误差。针对这一问题,以工作面三维地震数据和采掘过程中探煤厚数据为基础,通过不断更新速度场提高煤层底板时深转换绝对精度;同时利用迭代插值算法,不断更新工作面煤层厚度;通过对计算得到的数据进行误差统计和分析。在TJH304回采工作面进行试验,利用工作面巷道和切眼探煤厚数据并结合三维地震资料动态解释后,工作面推采前方煤层底板高程值和厚度值绝对误差变小;特别是距离当前采煤面30 m以内的4个验证点煤层底板高程值误差范围为0.37~0.58 m,煤层厚度值误差为0.32~0.44 m。结果表明,三维地震动态解释技术可最大化将三维地震和井下生产数据有效结合,不断提高煤层空间精度,为智能开采提供预想煤层模型。 相似文献
12.
唐家会煤矿智能化建设面临导水断层发育、带压开采等制约因素,地质条件不透明成为智能开采的技术瓶颈。唐家会煤矿以奥灰水害防治为重点,采用孔中瞬变电磁、孔间电阻率、随掘地震、随采地震、微震监测5项先进技术,构建了实时动态透明地质保障系统,实现基于透明地质模型的水害防治、快速掘进和智能回采3个目标,以支撑自主截割快速掘进和自主规划智能回采2条智能采掘作业线,其中,随采地震探测技术在61304智能回采工作面超前80 d、344 m发现了SYC1异常区并持续跟踪预报,现已得到回采揭露验证。透明地质保障系统的示范应用,取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益:① 61304工作面解放了受奥灰水威胁近100万t煤炭资源;② 61302快速掘进工作面的进尺由原来的260 m/月提高到352 m/月;③ 61304智能开采工作面日常用工减少70%。 相似文献
13.
断裂结构面对回采工作面矿压及顶板稳定性的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对现场观测和数值模拟分析,系统研究了断裂结构面对回采工作面矿压分布和顶板稳定性的影响。研究结果表明,回采工作面顶板断裂结构面有3种典型组合类型,即“正三角形”结构、“川字形”结构和“倒三角形”结构。在工作面开采过程中,“正三角形”结构顶板稳定性差;“倒三角形”结构顶板稳定性好;而“川字形”结构顶板能形成结构平衡且稳定。由于断层使介质不连续,导致初始应力场挠动,局部产生附加应力,在断层带附近形成低压力区和高应力集中区带,比较明显的影响范围距断层面大约10~30 m。当工作面推进到高应力集中区带时,工作面前方煤(岩)体中支承压力明显增大,支承压力峰值位置向前方煤岩体中转移,易于发生冒顶事故和其他矿井动力地质现象;当工作面推进到低应力区带时,压力峰值降低,顶板稳定性差。 相似文献
14.
侧向支承压力分布、资源回收率以及煤柱和巷道的稳定性是大采高综放面区段煤柱宽度留设要兼顾的因素,为了确定大采高综放面区段煤柱宽度,以某矿8103面为工程背景,首先,采用理论计算和现场应力监测等方法确定大采高综放工作面倾向支承压力分布规律,得出应力降低区宽度约为8 m,原岩应力区为巷帮侧28 m外。其次,采用工程类比方法确定大采高综放工作面巷帮外侧煤体严重破裂区宽度约为4 m。最后,采用FLAC3D数值软件分析了下区段工作面回采时窄煤柱（6、8 m）和宽煤柱（28、30 m）的应力场、位移场及塑性区特征,获得不同煤柱宽度时巷道和煤柱力学特征。研究表明：当煤柱宽度6 m和8 m时,在采动支承压力下煤柱几乎无承载能力,且巷道变形量较大;当煤柱宽度28 m和30 m时,在采动支承压力下煤柱中央仍有一定的弹性核,煤柱保持稳定且巷道变形量较小。综合考虑资源回收、巷道稳定性、次生灾害控制等因素,确定大采高综放工作面区段煤柱宽度为28 m。 相似文献
15.
Jun-wen Zhang Hai-long Wang Shao-jie Chen 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2018,36(1):235-245
2351 working face with paste backfill method of Daizhuang coal mine in eastern China is selected as engineering background, bearing characteristics of backfill body and supporting intensity of hydraulic support during coal pillar mining with paste backfill are researched. Researches show that: Even if the confining pressure is only 1 Mpa, the paste backfill material shows typical plasticity hardening. The overlying strata of working face with paste backfill method include fractured zone, continuous deformation zone, don’t include caved zone. The distribution of vertical stress above the backfill body is not a horizontal line nor presents saddle-shaped, but presents a wave distribution. The stress above backfill body does not appear abrupt change but tends to be increasing at first and stable at last. The mechanical model of roof stability during coal pillar mining with paste backfill is built, and the mechanics related formula of supporting intensity is also concluded. The hydraulic supports used in 2351 working face can control the roof subsidence effectively, but the efficiency of hydraulic supports is lower, which should be optimized properly. 相似文献
16.
导水裂隙带发育高度是矿井水害预测的重要技术参数之一。以彬长矿区文家坡煤矿4103工作面为研究对象,利用井-地联合微震监测技术对顶板导水裂隙带发育特征进行研究。研究结果表明:深埋煤层开采时,微震事件超前工作面回采位置发育,超前影响角最大为35°,最小为28°;断层的存在降低了覆岩稳定性,相较于正常基岩,更易在回采影响下发生应力集中和破坏;断层加大了微震事件发生的超前距,而采空区则使微震事件的高密度区向其所在部位发生偏移,加剧覆岩破坏程度,增大导水裂隙带发育高度;垂向上,4103工作面监测区内的微震事件高密度区域主要集中在高程+400~+520 m,结合微震事件数量和能量分布特征,判定4103工作面垮落带发育高度为50 m,垮采比13.16,导水裂隙带发育高度为117 m,裂采比为30.79。该成果可为彬长矿区类似煤矿深埋煤层顶板导水裂隙带发育高度研究及顶板水防治提供重要依据。移动阅读 相似文献
17.
为了建立符合蒙陕接壤区煤炭开采防治水技术体系,以纳林河二号矿井首采工作面为例,开展了覆岩破坏规律、水文地质条件、涌水量预计、顶板水预疏放等研究,结果表明:应用钻探取心、钻孔冲洗液漏失量观测和钻孔彩色电视探测手段,实测得到首采工作面导水裂缝带高度为103.23 m,裂高（导水裂缝带高度）采厚比为18.8,导水裂缝带可沟通3段含水层,其中直罗组底部含水层钻孔涌水量92.0~136.0 m3/h、水压4.0~5.6 MPa,呈"水量大、水压高、分布不均"的特点,是威胁工作面回采安全的最主要含水层。回采过程中顶板水主要由静态储存量和动态补给量构成,采用"动静储量结合法"计算得到静态储存量和动态补给量分别为2.596×106 m3和417.6 m3/h。对顶板水开展分段预疏放条件下,整个工作面回采过程中采空区涌水量与推采步距呈正相关关系,随着顶板周期性滞后垮落,导水裂缝带也周期性发育至高点（直罗组底部含水层）,采空区涌水量又呈台阶式增长。最终总预疏放水量4.235×106 m3,采空区总涌水量5.313×106 m3,首采工作面总排水量为622.8 m3/h,与预计排水量596.9 m3/h相差4.2%。涌水量准确预测和顶板水提前预疏放,是实现首采工作面防治水安全的关键,可以为鄂尔多斯盆地北部深埋区提供防治水技术支撑。 相似文献
18.
采动岩体变形与渗透特性是工作面突水防治研究的基本问题。采用理论分析和数值模拟计算方法,分析了岩石变形-渗透特征及其三维定量关系,研究了煤炭开采中回采工作面围岩应变场、渗透系数场分布及其控制因素。研究结果表明,采动岩体渗透性变化主要取决于应变状态及应变增量,且随着垂直于裂隙的张应变的增加而增加;工作面后方垮落带和煤壁边缘的剪碎带产生剧烈的采动拉伸变形,渗透系数较采前显著增大,而支承压力区和整体移动带岩层产生较大的采动压缩变形,渗透系数较采前明显减小;工作面围岩垂向渗透系数较水平渗透系数增加的幅度及增加区的范围小,但对水体下采煤工作面涌水起主导作用。加快工作面推进速度、减小工作面斜长和采高能降低采场围岩渗透系数增加幅度,并将渗透系数场变化范围局限在采区附近,能有效减小采动对原始煤岩层渗透性的影响。 相似文献
19.
With hard roof conditions and the influence of side and front abutment pressures, pressure bump and large deformations periodically occur in the advanced support area of longwall face gob-side gateroads. To control the strong strata behaviours in gob-side gateroads, “directional hydraulic fracturing, to cut off the roof hanging over the adjacent gob area, and pre-fracturing of the roof, located behind the working face being extracted,” are performed. The directional initiation of hydraulic fracturing is controlled by pre-slotting, and this action guides the propagation of hydraulic fractures in three-dimensional space. The oriented fractures meet engineering requirements by cooperating with both the in situ ground stresses and the mining-induced stresses, as well as the technology of hydraulic fracturing. In field applications, hydraulic fracturing has proven to be a viable option for weakening hard roofs, destressing the side and front abutment pressures at the mining face and also transferring in situ and mining-induced stresses. Successful field tests in the Tongxin coal mine, Datong district, as well as other coal mines, show that hydraulic fracturing in both a hanging roof over an adjacent gob area and in the gob area behind the advancing working face controls the behaviour of strong strata material on the gob-side of gateroads in longwall mining and also guarantees safe extraction at the working face. 相似文献
20.
断层破裂带附近采场采动效应的流固耦合分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
矿井底板突水是一个复杂的多物理场耦合问题,结合含断层破裂带条件下采场开采的工程背景,通过离散元流固耦合分析,研究了采场工作面推进过程中断层带的变形与受力情况以及底板支承压力、渗流矢量和渗流速度的动态发展规律和分布特征。相关模拟结果表明,采场中煤层的开采与断层破裂带之间是相互影响的,以支承压力为代表的采动应力是底板破坏形成导水裂隙带及断层“活化”突水的一个主要诱因,而断层的存在也使得工作面与断层带范围内的围岩应力更加集中,增大了底板破坏突水的危险性。采动过程中,底板破坏所形成的导水裂隙带主要集中在工作面前方及下方围岩中,这些区域渗流速度较大,是形成突水的主要通道。 相似文献