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公路长隧道与横通道空间斜交结构施工力学研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
针对高速公路主隧道与车行横通道组成空间交叉结构,采用现场实测以及三维有限元数值模拟研究手段,进行了结构施工力学研究。结果表明,因横通道施工导致主隧道与横通道交叉部结构,特别是与横通道连接一侧结构处于十分不利的受力状况和变形特征,因此需要采取加固措施,以确保主隧道与横通道交叉部结构的安全。与无横通道情况相比,由于拱形支撑作用被切断,结构受力已不再是单一轴向受力,而产生了部分弯曲受力的复杂受力状况。归纳来看,交叉角越小,围岩应力集中程度越高,从设计角度考虑,交叉角应尽量大一些。研究结论对长大公路隧道设计、施工横通道,有一定参考价值。 相似文献
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为研究主应力对交岔点围岩稳定性的影响,以某矿为工程背景,建立5组交岔点数值计算模型,研究了交岔点开挖前的扰动应力场偏转规律,并引入点安全系数法研究了主应力和交岔角度对交岔点围岩位移场、扰动破碎区的影响规律。研究结果表明：在交岔点开挖之前,交岔点附近围岩的主应力方向发生偏转,偏转后的应力场类型由σh型变为σv型,交岔点开挖过程中围岩受σv型应力场影响;交岔角（α≤90°）越大,交岔点越稳定;交岔角度相同时,新掘巷道轴向较靠近最大水平主应力方向的交岔点更稳定。交岔点现场实测数据验证了研究结果。 相似文献
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三维地质体模型相交元素之间构成的奇异空间关系与复杂的模型要素形态极大影响了切割算法稳健性及切割结果可靠性.提出一种几何运算与关系表达相统一的地质体三维模型切割算法.算法首先构建交点对象拓扑结构,存储交点与所在三角形单元及空间邻近要素的相对位置关系;然后结合精确谓词法设计完整的边-三角形相交类型分类图,记录27种相交情况与交点位置的对应关系,并在重三角化过程中建立交点调整机制,利用交点对象拓扑结构中关联的空间关系作为上下文约束,有效控制投影降维浮点误差带来的交点位置偏差的不良影响.实验结果表明,算法能够有效处理地质体模型中的三角网退化/近似退化、自相交及共面/近似共面等奇异空间关系,同时具有良好的运算效率. 相似文献
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In the Littleton Formation, garnet porphyroblasts preserve three generations of growth that occurred before formation of the Bolton Syncline. Inclusion trails of foliations overgrown by these porphyroblasts are always truncated by the matrix foliation suggesting that garnet growth predated the matrix foliation. In contrast, many staurolite porphyroblasts grew synchronously with formation of the Bolton Syncline. However, local rim overgrowths of the matrix foliation suggest that some staurolite porphyroblasts continued to grow after development of the fold during younger crenulation producing deformations. The axes of curvature or intersection of foliations defined by inclusion trails inside the garnet porphyroblasts lie oblique to the axial plane of the Bolton Syncline but do not change orientation across it. This suggests the garnets were not rotated during the subsequent deformation associated with fold development or during even younger crenulation events. Three samples also contain a different set of axes defined by curvature of inclusion trails in the cores of garnet porphyroblasts suggesting a protracted history of garnet growth. Foliation intersection axes in staurolite porphyroblasts are consistently orientated close to the trend of the axial plane of the Bolton Syncline on both limbs of the fold. In contrast, axes defined by curvature or intersection of foliations in the rims of staurolite porphyroblasts in two samples exhibit a different trend. This phase of staurolite growth is associated with a crenulation producing deformation that postdated formation of the Bolton Syncline. Measurement of foliation intersection axes defined by inclusion trails in both garnet and staurolite porphyroblasts has enabled the timing of growth relative to one another and to the development of the Bolton Syncline to be distinguished in rocks where other approaches have not been successful. Consistent orientation of foliation intersection axes across a range of younger structures suggests that the porphyroblasts did not rotate relative to geographical coordinates during subsequent ductile deformation. Foliation intersection axes in porphyroblasts are thus useful for correlating phases of porphyroblastic growth in this region. 相似文献
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Interpretation of seismic data from the Lufeng Sag of the Pearl River Mouth Basin (PRMB) in the northern part of South China Sea shows that different intersection patterns developed in the cover units above basement normal faults. A series of analogue models are used to investigate the intersection patterns and deformation in the sedimentary cover sequences above a basement horst bounded by two non-parallel faults. Modelling results show that during their upward propagation, the basement faults may intersect within the cover sequences and form a graben above the basement horst. Length and width of the graben increase with cover thickness. The strike and dip intersection points are controlled directly by the thickness of the cover sequences, dip and strike of the basement faults, and width of the basement horst. The intersection point migrates along the axis of the graben toward the wide end of the basement horst, when the cover sequence thickens. In contrast, it migrates toward the narrow end of the basement horst, where both fault dip and angle of strike difference increase. The intersection point moves upward with increasing width of the basement horst crest. Model profiles also indicate that in the presence of a ductile layer between the cover and basement such intersection patterns do not form. Interpretation of seismic data and model results show that the intersection pattern developed in the Lufeng Sag is a result of propagation of basement faults into cover units during different extension stages of the basin. Results of this study can be applied to many other sedimentary basins where such fault intersection patterns are likely to form when non-parallel conjugate basement faults are active during sedimentation. 相似文献
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Richard B. McCammon 《Mathematical Geology》1977,9(4):369-382
The expressions for calculating the probability of intersection of hidden targets of different sizes and shapes for parallel-line and continuous-grid types of search can be formulated by vsing the concept of conditional probability. When the prior probability of the orientation of a widden target is represented by a uniform distribution, the calculated posterior probabilities are identical with the results obtained by the classic methods of probability. For hidden targets of different sizes and shapes, the following generalizations about the probability of intersection can be made: (1) to a first approximation, the probability of intersection of a hidden target is proportional to the ratio of the greatest dimension of the target (viewed in plane projection) to the minimum line spacing of the search pattern; (2) the shape of the hidden target does not greatly affect the probability of the intersection when the largest dimension of the target is small relative to the minimum spacing of the search pattern, (3) the probability of intersecting a target twice for a particular type of search can be used as a lower bound if there is an element of uncertainty of detection for a particular type of tool; (4) the geometry of the search pattern becomes more critical when the largest dimension of the target equals or exceeds the minimum spacing of the search pattern; (5) for elongate targets, the probability of intersection is greater for parallel-line search than for an equivalent continuous square-grid search when the largest dimension of the target is less than the minimum spacing of the search pattern, whereas the opposite is true when the largest dimension exceeds the minimum spacing; (6) the probability of intersection for nonorthogonal continuous-grid search patterns is not greatly different from the probability of intersection for the equivalent orthogonal continuous-grid pattern when the orientation of the target is unknown. The probability of intersection for an elliptically shaped target can be approximated by treating the ellipse as intermediate between a circle and a line. A search conducted along a continuous rectangular grid can be represented as intermediate between a search along parallel lines and along a continuous square grid. On this basis, an upper and lower bound for the probability of intersection of an elliptically shaped target for a continuous rectangular grid can be calculated. Charts have been constructed that permit the values for these probabilities to be obtained graphically. The use of conditional probability allows the explorationist greater flexibility in considering alternate search strategies for locating hidden targets.This paper was presented at Symposium 116.3, Quantitative Strategy for Exploration, held as part of the 25th International Geological Congress, Sydney, Australia, August 1976. 相似文献
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在海洋重磁调查领域,判断测网中2条测线相交与否是重磁数据处理中需要解决的重要问题之一,目标是能够快速准确地确定交叉点的位置,从而计算出交点差。针对以往计算方法的不足,利用计算几何学中同一平面上线段相交的几何特征和计算方法,通过排斥判断和跨越判断2个步骤,对线段的相交与否进行判别,编写的程序逻辑简洁、实用,避免了数学错误。在实际应用中,提高了判断线段相交的效率和准确性,取得了良好的效果。 相似文献
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Ramli Nazir Hossein Moayedi Puspanathan Subramaniam Soheil Ghareh 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(23):515
Excessive total and differential settlement at the intersection of a surcharged prefabricated vertical drain (SPVD) and a rigid piled embankment on soft ground during the post-construction period leads to considerable time and costs being spent on repetitive remedial works in the future. This paper presents a sustainable design approach for high and long embankment filling on soft clay at the approach to the structure by introducing the intersection of an SPVD at the transition to a rigid piled embankment in order to regulate the differential settlement between the two conventional ground treatment approaches. This paper also presents a full-scale field study to validate the performance of the intersection of the SPVD at the transition to the rigid piled embankment. By introducing the intersection ground treatment, post-construction settlement and differential settlement are minimised significantly, while the post-construction total settlement at the rigid transition piled embankment (TPE) zone is reduced significantly by about 80 to 95% of the total settlement, as compared to a conventional TPE. 相似文献
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针对直接连接断层控制点所得断煤交线的主观性与不准确性,根据"V"字形法则原理,提出了采用断层面与煤层趋势延伸面布尔求交获取断煤交线的方法。以断层控制点及断层轨迹线数据为基础,构建了断层面模型;以二次多项式模型、指数模型、Gompertz模型为基础,将剖面煤层曲线在断层处趋势延伸,构建了煤层趋势延伸面模型。通过断层面模型与煤层趋势延伸面模型布尔运算求交,得到由断层面与煤层面共同约束的断煤交线,并与直接连接断层控制点所得断煤交线进行比较。结果表明:由断层面与煤层面共同约束的断煤交线,充分顾及到煤层在断层处的趋势,更真实地反应断煤交线的空间形态,对建立煤层实体模型和指导实际生产具有重要理论与实际意义。 相似文献
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在两巷道的交叉段两支承压力区和顶板卸载区会发生相互叠加,因此,相对于巷道其他部位来说交叉段的围岩扰动范围会扩大,且导致变形加剧和原有支撑应力增加等不利于巷道稳定的情形出现。为分析地下采场巷道交叉段的稳定性,利用有限元数值模拟软件并考虑岩土体的应变软化特性,对5种具有代表性的交叉情形进行了数值模拟研究。研究结果表明：由于巷道交叉使得交叉几何中心附近的围岩变形进一步增加,不同的交叉角度对巷道交叉段的变形存在不同程度的影响,交叉角度越小,主巷（巷道1）锐角侧的变形越大,而且由于交叉角度的不同也使得交叉段主巷的顶板最大沉降区向锐角侧呈不同程度的偏移,交叉角度越小,偏移越为明显。从结果可以得出巷道2的变形同样也受到交叉角度的影响,从距离交叉中心4远的地方开始,交叉角度越小,巷道2的变形越大。研究成果可以为类似条件下的巷道设计和支护提供借鉴与参考。 相似文献
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对交叉裂隙渗流传质特性的定量描述是研究整个裂隙网络渗透传质特性的基础。为真实模拟水流及溶质在三维交叉裂隙中的运移过程,首先通过三维轮廓仪获取天然岩石裂隙表面的形貌数据,再应用三维重构技术生成相应的三维交叉裂隙模型,随后求解Navier-Stokes方程,假定溶质运移满足Fick定律,模拟水流和溶质在三维交叉裂隙中的运移过程。通过对比粗糙裂隙模型与平行平板模型的模拟结果发现：粗糙度对流体的分布及流动状态存在显著的影响;不同进、出口工况下的流体流动及溶质运移状态亦表明：裂隙交叉的几何形貌会显著地影响溶质混合行为。这些结果表明,目前被广泛采用的平行平板模型在评估岩体内特别是交叉口的物质运移特性时将导致较大的偏差,在将来的研究中有必要针对裂隙交叉口的几何特征建立修正的模型以提高评估的准确性。 相似文献
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竹山下铀矿床是粤北下庄铀矿田内大型铀矿床之一,铀矿化类型为"交点"型和硅化带型。在详细的野外地质调查基础上,对竹山下铀矿床4种不同类型黄铁矿进行元素含量分析及硫同位素测试,结果表明:"交点"型矿石中黄铁矿相对富集Pb、 Cu、 Co、 As、 Ni、 Se、 Bi、 U、 Sb、 Zn等微量元素;"交点"型铀矿化形成于中深部高温环境,成矿热液具有地幔流体特征,成矿过程硫来源与该区花岗岩中黄铁矿的硫来源一致或者相似,花岗岩中的黄铁矿可能为该期成矿事件的产物;竹山下矿床在垂向上表现出越往深部硫逸度越低的特征;"交点"型和硅化带型中黄铁矿具有相似的微量元素配分曲线,表明二者具有相同的成矿热液来源,且与辉绿岩中黄铁矿配分曲线相似,表明该区成矿热液具有深源性。 相似文献
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川东与大巴山褶皱冲断带交汇区构造几何学和运动学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
川东与大巴山褶皱冲断带交汇区位于四川盆地东北缘,由温泉井—马槽坝背斜带、云安场背斜带和方斗山背斜带组成,其形成过程受川东构造带和大巴山构造带的双重控制,开展川东与大巴山褶皱冲断带交汇区构造几何学和运动学特征研究,对认识华南板块和华北板块之间的拼贴碰撞及演化具有重要意义。本文基于野外调查、钻测井资料和二维地震资料,以断层相关褶皱理论为指导,通过对四条二维地震剖面的精细解析,揭示了交汇区构造几何学特征,并应用2Dmove软件恢复了研究区构造运动学过程。研究认为:①交汇区在南北方向上显示为大型的复向斜结构,垂向上被区内下三叠统嘉陵江组膏盐层、志留系泥页岩层和下寒武统泥页岩层三套滑脱层分为上、中、下三大构造层,上构造层主要发生滑脱褶皱变形,中、下构造层发育断层较多,主要发育双冲构造、冲起构造以及断层转折褶皱;②研究区中构造层构造变形最为强烈,构造缩短率达10%,上、下构造层构造缩短率较小,均为6%左右,且各构造层缩短率由西到东呈现出逐渐增大的趋势;③中生代以来,研究区的构造演化过程分为三个阶段:晚三叠世到晚侏罗世稳定沉积阶段、早白垩世到古近纪早期对冲变形阶段、古近纪晚期至今定型阶段。 相似文献
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含盐前陆充填变形前缘盐上层构造样式 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文从盐层及盐上层碎屑岩厚度出发,讨论了在盐(蒸发岩)参入变形条件下,前陆区变形前缘盐上层构造样式。盐层及盐上层相对厚度决定着盐上层基本变形样式——褶皱或断裂。当盐上层背斜虚脱空间面积小于或等于变形前相应长度盐层所对应的盐面积时,盐上层形成完整背斜;反之,盐上层发生断裂。在发生断裂条件下,相背断层的交切情况决定着盐上层的构造样式：当交切点在盐上层下部外面时,形成突起构造;当交切点在盐上层内部时,则形成上部突起构造与下部三角带相叠加的情况或形成鱼尾构造;当交切点在盐上层外面时,则形成三角带构造。交切点的位置主要决定于岩上层的厚度。 相似文献
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Xing Zhang 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1993,11(2):107-124
Summary Based on an extension to a model originally proposed by Zhang (1990), a method for estimating the shear strength of a jointed rock mass containing two joint sets is developed. Compared to the original method in which only a single en-echelon joint set was considered, the new method has the following advantages: (1) it allows a much more realistic joint pattern to be incorporated; (2) the effects of joint connectivity and intersection angle between joint sets on shear strength are included. Use of the new method is demonstrated by application to the calculation of the stability of slopes in jointed rock. The importance of joint connectivity, joint persistence and joint set intersection angle on slope stability, as predicted by the model, is revealed. 相似文献
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本文基于渗流力学原理,综合运用保角变换与等值渗流阻力法推导出扇形板状油藏的产能公式,该公式可以考虑断层夹角、供给边界半径以及井在油藏中的位置等因素对产能的影响。通过与数值方法进行对比,验证了本文产能计算方法的准确性。为指导生产实践,采用本文方法对扇形油藏的产能进行敏感性分析,得到以下结论:产能指数随着供给边界半径的增大而减小,随着井到断层交点距离、断层夹角、井到断层交点连线与断层夹角的增大而增大,断层夹角对产能的影响最大,其次为井到断层交点距离、供给边界半径、井到断层交点连线与断层夹角。 相似文献
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为解决深部大断面软岩巷道交叉点大变形问题,以万福煤矿千米深井巷道交叉点为工程实例,首次在巷道支护中运用微观负泊松比（negative Poisson’s ration,NPR）钢锚索。采用室内试验、理论分析、数值模拟及现场试验相结合的方法,分析了深埋巷道交叉点的围岩变形机制,提出了以微观NPR钢锚索为核心的控制对策。通过室内静力拉伸试验对微观NPR钢锚索的力学特性进行研究,结果表明,微观NPR钢锚索拉伸全过程表现为高恒阻,均匀拉伸,无屈服平台,破断时无明显颈缩现象。通过理论推导,基于T型巷道交叉点围岩最大影响范围,建立微观NPR钢锚索支护T型巷道交叉口最大影响范围计算模型。通过数值模拟,再现T型巷道交叉口的破坏演化过程,分析对比普通支护/微观NPR钢锚索支护效果。现场开展支护应用试验与监测,验证了长短微观NPR钢锚索联合支护对策具有良好的交叉口围岩大变形控制效果,为交叉口围岩安全稳定控制提供了新支护材料和支护手段。 相似文献
下载免费PDF全文 四川会东大梁子铅锌矿为MVT型铅锌矿床,产于NWW向F1与F15断裂所挟持的断陷构造带中;含矿围岩为寒武系、震旦系白云岩,NWW向断裂和NW向断裂的交汇部位是矿体的发育区段,富矿体多产于"黑色破碎带"的下侧;研究认为,矿床的成矿地质体为沟通会理群与下震旦统灯影组和下寒武统麦地坪组、处于碳酸盐岩与泥页岩转化部位的NWW向和NW向断裂交汇处的构造破碎带;文章还对矿床深部及外围的找矿潜力进行了预测。 相似文献