共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
I. Vardoulakis 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1984,8(3):287-296
The dispersion of torsional surface waves in two types of inhomogeneous elastic media is discussed (1) in a half-space with shear modulus varying linearly with depth and with constant density (Gibson'S half-space) and (2) in a half-space with shear modulus varying with the square-root of the depth co-ordinate and with constant density. Inhomogeneous media with constant shear wave velocity are also reviewed and the obtained solutions are discussed in relation to appropriate boundary conditions. 相似文献
2.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(12):1648-1658
The types of outer wall structure in regular archaeocyathids can be grouped into six classes: a) walls with simple pores; b) walls with additional formations around the pore apertures; c) walls with knee-shaped curvature of the pore canals; d) walls with an additional porous sheath; e) reticulate walls; and f) walls with branching pore canals. Examples of each class are described with figures. Forms with simple walls predominate in older archaeocyathid-bearing strata, and forms with complex outer wall structure predominate in younger strata. The significance of the observations of outer wall structure in the systematics of the archaeocyathids is discussed and one new genus and two new species of forms with unusual wall structure are described. --A. R. Palmer. 相似文献
3.
应用三轴加载煤岩渗流试验装置,对预制贯通裂隙煤样开展循环加卸载轴压渗透率试验,分析循环加卸载轴压作用下预制裂隙煤样渗透率的变化规律及其之间的差异。研究结果表明：预制裂隙煤样渗透率与轴压呈负指数函数关系,渗透率对应力敏感性随加卸载次数增加而降低。加载阶段渗透率差值与卸载阶段渗透率差值随加卸载次数增加而降低,渗透率差值与应力敏感性系数呈正相关性。加载阶段与卸载阶段渗透率存在明显差值,渗透率产生明显损失量,其随加卸载次数增加而降低。竖直裂隙煤样渗透率与应力敏感性系数明显高于水平裂隙煤样与完整煤样,水平裂隙煤样渗透性与完整煤样渗透性相差不大,但水平裂隙煤样应力敏感性系数高于完整煤样。竖直裂隙煤样渗透率差值与渗透率损失量明显高于水平裂隙煤样与完整煤样,水平裂隙煤样渗透率差值高于完整煤样,但两者渗透率损失量相差不大。循环加卸载轴压结束后,完整煤样渗透率损失率最大,水平裂隙煤样渗透率损失率居中,竖直裂隙煤样渗透率损失率最小;竖直裂隙煤样渗透率恢复率最大,水平裂隙煤样渗透率恢复率居中,完整煤样渗透率恢复率最小。 相似文献
4.
滇中中元古代昆阳群因民组碎屑风暴岩及其意义 总被引：16，自引：1，他引：15
滇中地区中元古代昆阳群因民组以碎屑岩为主,内发育典型的风暴沉积构造 (包括渠铸型、丘状交错层理和洼状交错层理、递变层理等 )。风暴沉积主要包括 4种岩相类型 :A -具口袋构造的递变层理砂岩段。B -具丘状或洼状交错层理的砂岩段。C -具均质层理的粉砂岩、泥质岩段。D -具水平层理的泥质岩段。上述岩相A、B、C分别代表风暴流作用 -风暴浪作用 -风暴后期的快速悬浮沉积 (事件沉积 ),D代表风暴过后缓慢悬浮沉积 (背景沉积 ),它们组合成不同的风暴沉积序列。滇中地区昆阳群风暴沉积的发现表明中元古代大气圈、水圈及其相互作用与现今近似;中元古代滇中地区位于低纬度 (5 - 30°)的风暴作用带。该沉积对于解释因民组递变层砂岩的成因、证实昆阳群的地层层序也具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Melt glasses for seven types of rock ranging from acid to basic were prepared under 1.0 GPa on a multi-anvil pressure apparatus, YJ-3000 ton press. Densities and elastic properties of the melt glasses were compared with those described in previous studies. It was found that the glasses melted under 1.0 GPa were consistent in density with both naturally-occurring glassy rocks and artificially prepared glasses melted at ambient pressure. The densities of glasses are negatively correlated with the SiO2 contents and positively correlated with the （MgO＋FeO） contents. The compressive velocity （Vp） of glass tends to increase with decreasing SiO2 contents and increasing （MgO＋FeO） contents. The shear velocity （Vs） of glass tends to increase slightly with increasing SiO2 contents, which has little connection with the （MgO＋FeO） contents. It was calculated from densities and velocities that the elastic moduli of glasses are negatively correlated with the SiO2 contents and positively correlated with the （MgO＋FeO） contents. 相似文献
6.
利用配备高精度应变传感器的空心圆柱扭剪仪对重塑黄土开展了一系列定向剪切试验,剪切过程中保持平均主应力p、大主应力方向角? 以及中主应力系数b不变。共完成了包括3组不同大主应力方向角和1组不同中主应力系数的4组试验,共21个试样。对定向剪切条件下重塑粉土的应力-应变-强度以及小应变（<0.1%）刚度特性进行了研究,分析了不同大主应力方向角及中主应力系数的影响。试验研究结果表明,重塑黄土存在显著的强度各向异性特性,沿? =0°方向的强度最大,而最小强度方向因中主应力系数的不同而不同。? =0°时,b=0.25的强度最大,此时试样接近平面应变条件。小应变条件下重塑黄土的剪切刚度也因剪切时?和b的不同而不同,剪应变小于0.02%和大于2%时,刚度基本保持不变,初始剪切刚度很大,当剪应变大于0.02%后,随着剪应变的增加而迅速衰减,衰减曲线可以采用指数函数进行较好的拟合。 相似文献
7.
利用新型数字激光动态焦散线试验系统,采用有机玻璃板试件进行模型试验,研究了含预制不同形状空孔对岩石定向断裂控制爆破的影响规律。试验结果表明：在定向断裂控制爆破中,设置菱形空孔更有利于实现精细化定向断裂控制爆破,可有效保证巷道周边眼爆破的成型效果;对比含3种不同形状空孔试件爆生主裂纹扩展速度可知,含菱形空孔的扩展速度最大,含圆形空孔的次之,含带刻槽圆形空孔的最低;含圆形空孔试件爆生主裂纹端部动态应力强度因子总体比含菱形和切槽圆形空孔试件爆生主裂纹端部动态应力强度因子大;主裂纹扩展中后期阶段,含菱形空孔试件爆生主裂纹端部动态应力强度因子相对较小。 相似文献
8.
《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part A: Solid Earth and Geodesy》2000,25(2):201-207
The dielectric permittivity of destilled water was measured in the frequency range of 5 Hz to 13 MHz with different thicknesses of the sample and for various oscillator levels. The two electrode method was used with plate condenser. A simple model, composed of a dipole liquid with domain structure is described. Basing on the model, we show possible ways of polarization. The present conclusions relate dielectric properties of water which result from the model. We propose a new conductivity model for dipole liquid with domain structure. Measurements of dielectric permittivity are consistent with the model. It is shown that experimental dielectric permittivity curves are a superposition two Debye's curves with different relaxation times and two different values of static dielectric constant. Debye's resonance for lower frequency is associated with oxygen's domain structure and for higher frequency with hydrogen's domain structure. We observe an increase of dielectric permittivity with time associated with ordering of the structure after filling. For thin samples we can observe damping of the Debye's resonance and interaction of the domains' structures. 相似文献
9.
自发现具有３个隔壁的异珊瑚新类型之后，对异珊瑚各属之间的隔壁变异关系有了清楚的揭示。按照后生隔壁发育的方式，可分为具内沟的异珊瑚，即由３个隔壁的Ｔｒｉｐｈｙｌｌｉａ，５个隔壁的Ｐｅｎｔａｐｈｙｌｌｉａ，直至多隔壁的Ｆｏｓｓａｐｈｙｌｌｉａ系列和不具内沟的异珊瑚系列，即由４个隔壁的Ｑｕａｄｒａｔｉｐｈｙｌｌｉａ，６个隔壁的Ｈｅｘａｐｈｙｌｌｉｕ，直至多隔壁的Ｈｅｔｅｒｏｐｈｙｌｌｉａ。此外，还可出现具有轴管结构的Ｃｒｅｐｉｄｏｐｈｙｌｌｉｄａｅ及具有特殊外壁结构的Ｌｏｎｇｌｉｎｏｐｈｙｌｌｉｉｄａｅ。对已发现的异珊瑚１９个属作了系统的分类，并将异珊瑚置于珊瑚纲内的一个亚纲，同皱纹珊瑚亚纲相并列的分类单位。 相似文献
10.
不同渗流条件下无限斜坡稳定性分析方法探讨 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
顺层滑坡和冻土地区的浅层滑坡如融冻泥流和热融滑塌等，其斜坡深长比很小，一般属于无限斜坡类型，这类滑坡的形成往往与地下水的存在有关。本文应用有效应力原理推导了不同渗流条件下无限斜坡稳定性分析的计算模式，对各种不同表达形式的安全系数进行了讨论和对比，得出在流线平行于斜坡条件下。两类特殊条件(干土坡、饱水土坡)下的分析结果与相同情况下安全系数统一式结果相一致的结论；流线为相互平行的水平线、流线与坡向一致两种情况分别为孔晾压力和安全系数的两种特例。 相似文献
11.
Electro-flotation tests were conducted on chalcopyrite particles with a modified Hallimond tube designed for electro-flotation, using platinum anode—copper cathode and graphite anode—copper cathode systems. Flotation tests were carried out for fines of chalcopyrite of size below 20 microns with potassium ethylxanthate as collector. Studies were done on flotation with hydrogen and oxygen separately with the usual variables. Dissolution of chalcopyrite at various current densities, with reagent at optimum conditions and without reagent was also studied. It is observed that electro-flotation particularly with oxygen, is effective in the flotation of fine particles of chalcopyrite. 相似文献
12.
复合土钉墙可分为3种常见组合支护应用形式,分别为土钉墙+止水帷幕形式、土钉墙+微型桩形式、土钉墙+预应力锚杆形式。本文着重阐述了土钉墙+预应力锚杆的复合支护方式,详细介绍了该复合土钉墙支护方式的施工工艺、流程,并结合望京体育馆项目基坑支护工程实例,为土钉墙+预应力锚杆复合支护方式,在复杂支护条件下成功应用提供了参考。 相似文献
13.
重点介绍了NaC l溶液的电容随着溶液矿化度、测量极板之间的距离以及测量频率的变化规律。结果表明,在直接测量电容的情况下,NaC l溶液的电容随着极板距离的增加按负平方关系减小;随着溶液浓度的增加按平方关系增加;随着频率的增加按负幂指数规律减小。通过和NaC l溶液电阻的对比发现,同样的条件下,电容的变化率比电阻明显,这将有助于地层流体的识别,尤其是目前大量存在的水淹油气层、低阻油气层和薄油层。基于以上结论,提出了第二介电常数的概念,第二介电常数不同于传统介电常数的关键之处在于:第二介电常数是直接测量介质的介电特性,而不是将其置于极板之间进行测量。还指出,在进行交流电测井时,地层的电容信号也同样能反映出地层及其孔隙流体的特征,在此基础上提出了电容率法测井的想法,即在测量地层电阻率的同时,还要进行电容率的测量,来反映地层及其孔隙流体电容率的信息。此外,还提出了两电极法进行地面电容率勘探的设想,这种方法不仅能够用于找油找气,还可以探测金属矿藏。 相似文献
14.
Zengshou Yu Jeffrey A. Warner Randy A. Dahlgren William H. Casey 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1996,60(24):4945-4956
Reaction of iodide [I−(aq)] with a series of volcanic-ash soils was compared with reaction onto noncrystalline materials that constitute much of the inorganic fraction of these soils, Our hypothesis is that these high-surface-area materials account for iodide retention by providing sites for anion exchange. Iodide sorption onto imogolite and ferrihydrite is rapid (<30 min) but not particularly extensive; imogolite has a threefold to fourfold greater affinity for iodide compared to ferrihydrite on a mass basis. In contrast, rates of iodide retention by volcanic-ash soils were slow and did not attain a steady-state after 300 h. The extent of this largely irreversible reaction can be attenuated by sterilization, but it cannot be suppressed. The iodide retained by the soils can only be completely recovered by treatment with boiling 2 M sodium hydroxide. The amount of iodide retention by soils was inversely correlated with pH, but showed no relationship with organic matter concentration, surface area, or imogolite and ferrihydrite concentrations.
The reaction of iodide with the volcanic-ash soils is consistent with a rapid initial uptake by soil mineral surfaces, followed by a slower reaction of soil organic matter with oxidized forms of iodide. Under our experimental conditions, iodide is likely slowly oxidized by dissolved oxygen to molecular iodine. Solutions of molecular iodine [I2(aq)] react relatively quickly with laboratory-grade humic acid solutions and the rate increases with increasing pH. The slow rate of iodination is consistent with the continual formation and reaction of I2(aq)] or HOI(aq) by titration with soil organic matter. 相似文献
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川东北飞仙关组白云岩岩石结构演化 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
根据矿物结晶学理论,白云石可按照晶体大小和晶边形貌划分为不同的结构,其结构的演化主要受原岩化学组成、岩石结构和白云岩化流体的影响。白云岩原岩可分为不同化学组分的泥灰岩和含颗粒泥灰岩,泥灰岩可细分为成分均匀的和含溶孔、胶结物的泥灰岩;含颗粒泥灰岩可细分为未接受任何改造的、发生溶蚀胶结作用的和发生泥晶化等作用的含颗粒泥灰岩。以川东北飞仙关组白云岩为例,在不同浓度的白云岩化流体条件中,讨论不同结构白云岩岩石的演化。结果表明：泥晶化及溶蚀作用是白云石岩石结构演化和形成的基础;大多数鲕粒白云岩在低浓度白云岩化溶液中形成;糖粒状白云岩为外来高浓度的白云岩化流体改造形成。 相似文献
18.
J. S. Choudhari 《Journal of Earth System Science》1987,96(3):203-210
Arid soils with slight variations in parent material, vegetation and climate were studied for their morphological, chemical
and mineralogical characteristics. Results show that the soils are at different stages of profile development. Varying degrees
of pedogenic features have been tied up with data on palaeoenvironment to develop a relationship between the soil and age
of the landform. Studies reveal that Dune and Shergarh sandy soils with least degree of manifestation belong to early Holocene
to latest Pleistocene, whereas Chirai sandy soil with weakly developed B horizon belongs to the upper Holocene. Soils (Khajwana
and Gajsinghpura) with well-developed B horizon and a calcic layer with lime segregations belong to mid-Pleistocene whereas
Pali and Pipar soils with illuvial clay in B horizon belong to early Pleistocene. 相似文献
19.
鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组储层定量成岩相研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
应用铸体薄片、阴极发光、扫描电镜等资料,对陇东地区延长组储层成岩作用类型及定量强度进行了综合研究,用定量指标划分成岩相类型,建立了不同类型成岩相测井响应特征模板,并对成岩相纵向及平面分布进行了研究。压实、胶结、溶解3种主控成岩作用的强度计算与分级研究表明,研究区压实作用较强,主要为强压实、中压实,在粒度较细、杂基含量较高的砂岩中可达到极强压实;胶结作用强度差异较大,以弱胶结为主,局部地区发育强胶结;溶解作用强度较大,以中溶解、强溶解为主。成岩相类型可划分为中压实强溶解相、中压实中溶解相、中压实中胶结中溶解相、中压实强胶结相、强压实强溶解相、强压实中溶解相、强压实强胶结相、极强压实相8种成岩相类型。相对优质储集相(中压实中强溶解相和强压实强溶解相)在纵向上主要分布在长3油层组和长8油层组,平面上不同油层组相对优质储集相分布区存在差异,主要呈条带状和透镜状分布。 相似文献
20.
冻土动力学参数研究的成果综述与展望 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
通过对前人的试验成果进行整理, 得到冻土动力学参数随温度、频率、应变幅、含水量和围压等因素的整体变化规律. 整体上看, 冻土的动弹性模量和动剪切模量随温度的降低而增大、随荷载振动频率的增加而增大、随动应变幅的增加而减小、随含水量的增加先增大后减小、随围压的增加而增大; 冻土的泊松比随温度的降低而增大; 冻土的阻尼比随温度的降低而减小, 随频率、应变幅、含水量、围压的变化规律性不强. 通过对试验条件和数值模拟时的实际工况对比分析, 给出如下建议: 动弹性模量和动剪切模量的预估适合用两段式线性模型, -5℃可以作为两段式的分界点; 列车荷载作用下冻土的动力响应属于小应变幅的振动, 冻土动力学参数应选择波速法的试验结果. 相似文献